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Nasl. z nasl. zaslona. Bibliografija: str. 35. Abstract.

Drugi vatikanski cerkveni zbor je spodbudil v Cerkvi na Slovenskem nove oblike dela z mladino, študenti in izobraženci. Na podlagi že predvojnih izkušenj, zlasti pa po odpravi verouka v šolah po vojni so se številni duhovniki posvetili temu delu. Po letu 1980 je to izobraževanje spodbujalo predvsem družbeno odgovornost izobražencev in ustanovilo številne organizacijske oblike. Nastale so Velikonočne konference v uršulinski cerkvi, Torkova predavanja pri frančiškanih v Ljubljani, predavanja za študente in izobražence v Mariboru, zlasti pa Teološki tečaj za študente in izobražence ter Medškofijski odbor za izobražence. Zaživela so študentska občestva, ki so se imenovala srečanja. Teološki tečaj se je razširil v vsa večja slovenska mesta, se ustalil tudi v Mariboru in se nato konceptualno spreminjal. V Družini je bila odstopljena študentom stran, ki so jo sami urejali. Pri Medškofijskem odboru je izhajal Bilten za študente in izobražence, ki izhaja danes kot Tretji dan. V Mariboru sta nastala center Sinaj in akademsko društvo Amos. Študentje in izobraženci so se pred osamosvojitvijo povezovali s sosednjimi organizacijami iz zamejstva. Nekaj študentov je kasneje stopilo v organiziranje in delo novonastalih političnih strank, ki so imele v programih krščanski socialni nauk. Današnja študentska in izobraženska pastorala se seli iz množičnega in javnega delovanja v občestvene skupine in srečanja, ki temeljijo na osebnem pričevanju in duhovnosti. V Mariboru je bila leta 2017 ustanovljena Univerzitetna župnija, ki pa formalnopravno še ni vključena v Univerzo The Second Vatican Council has encouraged new forms of work with young people, students and intellectuals in the Church in Slovenia. On the basis of pre-war experiences and especially after the elimination of religious studies in schools after war, many priests dedicated themselves to that work. After the eighties this education encouraged particularly the social responsibility of the intellectuals and established many organizational forms. Eastern conferences were organized in the Ursuline church, Tuesday lectures at Franciscans in Ljubljana, lectures for students and intellectuals in Maribor, and especially Theological Course for students and intellectuals and Inter-diocesan Committee for Intellectuals. Besides that students’ communities called meetings came to life. Theological Course expanded to all major Slovenian cities, settled also in Maribor and then gradually changed conceptually. In the Družina Weekly students were given a page, which they edited themselves. Inter-diocesan Committee published a Bulletin for students and intellectuals that is published today as the periodical Tretji dan. The Sinai Center and academic society Amos were founded in Maribor. Prior to independence, students and intellectuals connected to neighbouring organizations from abroad. Later some students joined the organization and work of newly emerging political parties, whose programmes contained Christian social teachings. Today pastoral care for students and intellectuals is moving from mass and public action to communion groups and meetings that are based on personal testimony and spirituality. In 2017 a University parish was founded in Maribor, but it was not yet formally included into the University.

Didactica Slovenica

Silicon heterojunction solar cells have record-high open-circuit voltages but suffer from reduced short-circuit currents due in large part to parasitic absorption in the amorphous silicon, transparent conductive oxide (TCO), and metal layers. We previously identified and quantified visible and ultraviolet parasitic absorption in heterojunctions; here, we extend the analysis to infrared light in heterojunction solar cells with efficiencies exceeding 20%. An extensive experimental investigation of the TCO layers indicates that the rear layer serves as a crucial electrical contact between amorphous silicon and the metal reflector. If very transparent and at least 150 nm thick, the rear TCO layer also maximizes infrared response. An optical model that combines a ray-tracing algorithm and a thin-film simulator reveals why: parallel-polarized light arriving at the rear surface at oblique incidence excites surface plasmons in the metal reflector, and this parasitic absorption in the metal can exceed the absorption in the TCO layer itself. Thick TCO layers-or dielectric layers, in rear-passivated diffused-junction silicon solar cells-reduce the penetration of the evanescent waves to the metal, thereby increasing internal reflectance at the rear surface. With an optimized rear TCO layer, the front TCO dominates the infrared losses in heterojunction solar cells. As its thickness and carrier density are constrained by anti-reflection and lateral conduction requirements, the front TCO can be improved only by increasing its electron mobility. Cell results attest to the power of TCO optimization: With a high-mobility front TCO and a 150-nm-thick, highly transparent rear ITO layer, we recently reported a 4-cm(2) silicon heterojunction solar cell with an active-area short-circuit current density of nearly 39 mA/cm(2) and a certified efficiency of over 22%. (C) 2013 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4772975]

V tem delu je predstavljen proces načrtovanja, izdelave, kalibracije in preizkušanja merilnega vmesnika za temperaturo z galvansko ločenimi vhodi za termočlene in komunikacijo po vodilu CAN. Merilni sistem podpira merjenje temperature na 16 kanalih hkrati s termočleni tipa K. V takem sistemu je merilno vezje preko termočlenov galvansko sklopljeno z merjencem. Vhodna vezja merilnega sistema imajo zato galvansko ločitev, kar nam omogoča merjenje temperature tudi na prevodnih delih, kjer se pojavijo neničelni potenciali (npr. ponor močnostnega tranzistorja). Konfiguracija in kalibracija merilnega sistema se izvajata po vodilu CAN. Merilnik podpira okrnjeno različico protokola CANopen. Ta protokol je bil izbran, ker je implementiran tudi na elektromotorskih krmilnikih, za testiranje katerih so bili izdelani ti merilniki. Rezultat projekta je uspešno izdelan merilni sistem, ki se bo v prihodnosti v manjši seriji izdelal na proizvodni liniji podjetja za interno uporabo. The thesis describes the process of development, building, calibration, and testing of a temperature measurement device with galvanically isolated thermocouple inputs and CAN communication interface. The device supports simultaneous measurement of 16 channels with K-type thermocouples. In this sort of measurement system, the measurement circuit is electrically connected to the device under test. The input circuit is, therefore, isolated galvanically to allow the thermocouple to be bonded to electrically conductive parts where non-zero potentials may appear (e.g. the drain of a power transistor). Configuration and calibration of the device are controlled through the CAN communication interface. The device supports a streamlined version of the CANopen protocol. This protocol was chosen because it is also used on electric motor drives, which will be tested using these devices. The result of this project is a successfully designed measurement system which will be produced for internal use in a small batch on the company production line.

Že nekaj časa smo v iskanju novih računalniških tehnologij, ki bi nam omogočile nadaljnje izboljšave na tem področju. Eden od glavnih sestavnih delov je tudi spomin, ki je v zadnjih letih doživel precej napredka, predvsem na podlagi novih tehnologij. Primer tega je tudi spominski element, ki je obravnavan v tem delu. Glavni del elementa je material TaS2, v katerem se vzpostavi t. i. val gostote naboja oz. CDW (ang. charge density wave). Sistem doživi fazni prehod in dvig električne upornosti za več kot dekado. Vrednost upornosti je mogoče upravljati s pomočjo električnih pulzov. Za preklop v stanje nizke upornosti se uporabi kratek pulz nizke napetosti. Temu prehodu pravimo zapis oz. "write". Pri izbrisu oz. "erase" se poslužimo gretja materiala, ki se povrne v osnovno stanje. To izvedemo z daljšim pulzom nizke napetosti, upornost se spremeni z nizke nazaj na visoko vrednost. Magistrska naloga predstavi teoretično ozadje materiala TaS2, CDW pojava ter zapisa in izbrisa. Nato je na vrsti eksperimentalni del, v katerem prikaže sintezo materiala, načrtovanje in izdelavo testnega vezja ter končni produkt. Sledijo meritve in rezultati, s katerimi pokažemo preklopne lastnosti in stabilnost elementa, ter prikaz izdelave večbitnega prototipa. Na koncu so zbrane še končne ugotovitve in primerjava z ostalimi vrstami spomina. We have been in search of new technologies that would allow for the development in computer science for quite some time. One of the main building blocks is the computer memory, which has seen a lot of progress in the recent years, mainly due to the new memory technologies. A memory element which is the subject of this thesis is also one of them. The main part of the element is the material called TaS2, which undergoes a phase transition from the ground state to the so called charge density wave state or CDW. Electrical resistance rises for more then ten times when that happens and can be manipulated using an electrical pulse. To achieve a transition from high to low resistance one has to apply a short pulse of low voltage, we call that writing. In order to erase back to the state of high resistance, a longer pulse of small amplitude has to be used. This thesis shows the theoretical background of the TaS2, the CDW transition and the write and erase phenomena. It's followed by the experiment, which consists of material synthesis, planning and fabrication of the memory element and the final product. It then presents the measurements and results, which demonstrate the attributes of our device. There is also an illustration of how a multi bit device would look like. At the end there are some final conclusions and a few comparisons amongst other memory devices.

Namen diplomskega dela je približati bralcu grafen v različnih pojavnih oblikah. Uvodoma sem predstavil definicijo grafena ter kako se oblikovno razlikuje od grafita, nanocevk in ostalih ogljikovih alotropov, sledi kratek zgodovinski opis. V nadaljevanju sem se osredotočil na njegove lastnosti, katere so pritegnile veliko pozornosti v raziskovalnem svetu, industriji pa tudi vladnih organizacij katere preko različnih programskih shem namenjajo veliko sredstev v raziskovalne namene. Lastnosti, katerim sem dal večji poudarek so elektronske lastnosti, ne gre pa zanemariti izjemnih lastnosti toplotne prevodnosti, katere imajo enega izmed ključnih pomenov pri načrtovanju elektronike, prav tako optičnih lastnosti, katere bodo prišle do izraza v senzoriki in fotovoltaiki. Iskanje novih aplikativnih rešitev, kot je na primer shranjevanje električne energije ali vodika kot pogonsko gorivo, nas je pripeljala od enostavnih enoslojnih grafenskih struktur oz. nanocevk do bolj kompleksnih, 3-D struktur, ojačanih struktur ter vrsto drugih struktur katere sem skušal čim bolje tudi grafično predstaviti. Predstavljene so tudi različne proizvodne tehnike, katere so po večini še laboratorijske narave in precej finančno zahtevne. Kot primer naj navedem, da so v letošnjem letu na Univerzi v Glasgowu odkrili postopek, ki naj bi proizvodni proces pocenil kar do 100-krat. Do občutne pocenitve samega materiala bo prišlo, ko bo le ta prehajala v industrijske procese proizvodnje. Glede na izjemne lastnosti se pričakuje široka uporaba grafena, vendar je to težko napovedovati. V zadnjem poglavju sem se odločil ponazoriti, kako bi lahko te izjemne lastnosti reflektirale v našem vsakdanjem življenju in dvigovale kvaliteto mobilnosti. Tako sem prikazal potencialne možnosti hranjenja vodika kot primer čistega pogonskega goriva ter novih materialov, uporabnih za hranjenje električne energije, kateri bi omogočali poleg večje avtonomije tudi hitrejše polnjenje baterijskih vložkov ter daljšo življenjsko dobo le-teh. Diplomsko delo sem zaključil s pozitivnimi pričakovanji široke uporabe grafena na področju različnih aplikacij v elektroniki, biomedicini, grabeništvu ter mehaniki. The purpose of the graduation thesis is to present the reader the graphene in vary possible forms. Starting with the definition of the graphene and how it varies from graphite, nanotubes and other GRM, continuing with a short history of the material. Than I tried to focus on its properties, which attract many interests of researchers, industries but also government institutions which are putting a lot of efforts and funds through vary sheems into research and development projects. I focused the most on electronic properties, but we can not neglect others like thermal conductivity which has an important role in electronic design, or optic properties which shall impact on photovoltaic industy and sensor industry. All the endevors in searching the new applicative solutions i.e. energy storage or hydrogen storage, lead us from very simple monolayer graphene structures or carbon nanotubes to more complex, 3-D structures, reinforced structures, and others which are described and visauly presented in the next paragraph. I also tried to highlight some production techniques, which are still mostly performed in laboratories but are still very lucrative. In the last year at the University in Glasgow was developed a techniqe, which may reduce the production costs for 100 times. A significant reduction of material price is expected when the production will massively pass from research athmosphere to industy. Regarding the magnificant material properties is expected a wide range of use, but more precisely it is very unpleasant to prospect. In the last chapter I decided to show how all the properties may reflect to our everyday life-style and leverage the quality of mobility. For that purpose I desribed the possibility of hydrogen storage, which represent one of the most possible frequent and clean fuel. Afterward I put attention to the battery applications, its autonomy and fast charging properties. In the conclusion of the graduation thesis I have expressed a very possitive expectations into aplicative solutions in the field of electronics, biomedicine, construction sector and mechanics.

V magistrski nalogi je predstavljen OLED element in njegova uporaba v sodobnih aplikacijah. Na začetku je opisana kratka zgodovina raziskav OLED elementov in njihovega uvajanja v praktičnih aplikacijah. Nato je predstavljena osnovna in bolj kompleksna struktura OLED elementov ter njihovo delovanje. Definiran je tudi izkoristek OLED elementov in opisano, kako se da izkoristek povečati s pomočjo dopiranja. Podani so tudi najpogosteje uporabljeni materiali za posamezne sloje OLED elementov. V nadaljevanju je predstavljena ena glavnih aplikacij OLED elementov za TV zaslone in kratka primerjava OLED zaslonov z LCD zasloni. Opisan je proces izdelave OLED TV zaslonov in tudi tipi zaslonov, ki obstajajo na tržišču. V zaključnem delu naloge smo opisali, kako lahko OLED elemente uporabljamo kot velikopovršinske svetlobne panele, v kakšnih aplikacijah bi jih lahko uporabili in težave, ki jih srečujejo proizvajalci pri njihovi izdelavi. Narejena je tudi primerjava med organsko svetlečo diodo in anorgansko svetlečo diodo. In this master thesis is presented the OLED element and its use in modern application. In the beginning we describe a short history, when and how the first research in using OLED elements began and when and in which applications it first appeared. Then we presented the basic and more complex structure of the OLED element and how it works. We also defined the efficiency of the OLED element and describe how to increase this efficiency using a doping method. Given are also the most frequently used materials for each layer of the OLED element. Further we present one of the main applications of the OLED element, that is in TV screens and a short comparison between OLED displays and LCD displays. We described the process of making OLED TV screens and what types of displays exist on the market. In the final part of the paper we described how to use OLED elements for large area OLED lighting panels and in which applications we could use them in and the difficulties encountered by the manufacturers in their creation. Then there is a comparison made between an organic light emitting diode and an inorganic light emitting diode

V magistrski nalogi je predstavljen nadzorni sistem energetskega transformatorja in njegova implementacija na dveh projektih, kjer je bilo potrebno opremiti energetski transformator s sistemom sprotnega nadzora. Zaradi višanja zahtev po kvaliteti električne energije ter izkoriščenosti energetskih naprav, dobivajo metode za zagotavljanje zanesljivega delovanja energetskih transformatorjev vedno pomembnejšo vlogo. S sprotnim nadzorom parametrov energetskega transformatorja in senzorji stanja izolacijskega sistema se zagotovi krajši odzivni čas preventivne diagnostike, s čimer se poveča možnost sanacije stanja pred nastopom okvare. Transformator je namreč eden izmed najpomembnejših in tudi dražjih gradnikov elektroenergetskega sistema. Opremljanje transformatorja z učinkovitim nadzornim sistemom je bistvenega pomena pri pridobivanju informacij o delovanju transformatorja na podlagi podatkov, zbranih in analiziranih v nadzornem sistemu. Uporabnikom omogočajo nadzor parametrov in stanj transformatorjev v celotni življenjski dobi transformatorja. V magistrski nalogi je uvodoma napisano nekaj splošnega o tovrstnih sistemih, opisane so smernice razvoja tovrstnih sistemov, gradniki, ki nadzorne sisteme sestavljajo in njihove medsebojne korelacije. Sledi opis glavnih funkcionalnosti in zahtev, ter opis arhitekturne zasnove sistemov nadzora. V poglavju 4 so opisani gradniki in njihove zahteve, ki so bili uporabljeni za izvedbo izvedenega nadzornega sistema transformatorja. Gradniki zajemajo poleg strojne opreme tudi uporabo različnih programskih orodij, s pomočjo katerih je bila izvedena implementacija vseh funkcionalnosti na uporabljeni opremi. V nadaljevanju magistrske naloge je opisan postopek realizacije nadzornega sistema na dveh različnih transformatorjih. Skozi primerjavo izvedbe obeh sistemov so razvidne nekatere bistvene funkcionalnosti, ki jih tovrstni sistemu morajo zagotavljati. Opisani sta arhitekturni zasnovi obeh sistemov, vsa uporabljena oprema in senzorika, ter uporabljena informacijska tehnologija in programska orodja. Na koncu magistrske naloge je opisan tudi uporabniški vmesnik nadzornega sistema, kjer je razvidno, kaj vse nadzorni sistem uporabniku omogoča. The purpose of this thesis is to present and describe the online monitoring system for power transformer implemented within two projects, where we had to equip two different transformers with monitoring system. Demands of electricity quality and the utilization of electrical energy systems are constantly raising, therefore methods of ensuring reliable operation of power transformers becoming an increasingly important role. Several types of sensors, integrated in transformer monitoring systems are becoming more powerful with plenty of features, more reliable and economically acceptable. With real-time parameter control of power transformer and related sensing of the condition of transformer insulation system, it can be ensured shorter response time for preventive diagnosis, and therefore opportunity to avoid operation failure is greater. Transformers are one of the key and most valuable components in a power system. Equip them with an on-line monitoring system is essential for information gathering, condition assessment, better management and decision making. Users can have a view of all important parameters and meassuerement in whole life time period of transformer. In introdoction part of this thesis are described general facts about monitoring system together with development guidelines fort this kind of monitoring systems. Followed by a description of the main functionalities and requirements and description of the architectual design of monitoring systems. In Chapter 4 are described building blocks and their requirements, which have been used for the implementation of the monitoring system. Building blocks include, in addition to hardware, also usage a variety of different software tools by means of which all the functionality of the implementation was carried out on the equipment. Hereinafter referred to thesis is described the realization of the control system on two different transformers. Through the comparison of the implementation there are some essential functionalitiy evident, by such a system must be provided. There are described both architectural design of the two presented systems, all used equipment and sensors, used software tools and used information technology. At the end of master's thesis is described the user interface control system, where it is clear what the control system allows to the user.

Kavni aparat Rancilio Silvia V3 spada med cenejše profesionalne kavne aparate. Zato lahko predvidevamo, da ima nekaj slabosti. Kavni aparat za regulacijo ne uporablja nobene elektronike. Uporablja enostavno regulacijo temperature vode z bimetalnimi termostati. Termostat kontrolira temperaturo majhnega, 3 decilitrskega medeninastega bojlerja. Nudi pa glavne lastnosti, ki jih dober kavni aparat potrebuje. Elektromagnetni ventil, nastavljiv OPV-ventil, profesionalna komercialna glava in 58-milimetrska standardna ročica. Temperaturno regulacijo ima izvedeno z dvema termostatoma ter enim varnostnim termostatom proti pregretju. Termostati niso natančni oz. povzročajo precejšnje nihanje temperature vode. Nikoli se pri pripravi oz. kuhanju kave ne ve, ali je temperatura v želenem območju. Delo zajema uporabo PID-regulatorja za temperaturno regulacijo. Uporablja se ga na več področjih, večinoma v industrijski tehniki. V svoji nalogi sem ga uporabil na kavnem aparatu Rancilio Silvia. Glavni razlog uporabe PID-regulatorjev je slaba regulacija, ki se uporablja na določenem produktu. Temperaturna regulacija je izvedena z bimetalnim termostatom, ki ima veliko odstopanje oz. velik ΔT. Takšna zvrst regulacije je še posebej moteča pri višjih temperaturah oz. hitrih spremembah le-te. Termostati povzročajo velika temperaturna nihanja oz. oscilacije. Pri manj preciznih sistemih, kot je npr. sobna regulacija prostora, termostat zadostuje oz. dobro služi svojemu namenu. Pri kavnih aparatih, kjer se temperatura lahko zelo hitro spreminja, pa je PID-regulacija zelo zaželena oz. skoraj nujna. Rancilio Silvia ima termostat pritrjen na vrh bojlerja, ki je narejen iz medenine. Medenina se s temperaturo vode spreminja oz. segreva in ohlaja z zakasnitvijo, in sicer glede na temperaturo vode v bojlerju. Zakasnitev termostatu povzroča še dodaten ΔT. Bimetalni termostat, ki ga uporablja kavni aparat Rancilio Silvia, ima fiksno vrednost 100 ºC. PID-regulator pa omogoča, da se temperatura lahko nastavi po želji, in sicer v območju natančnosti do 1 ºC z zelo odzivno in natančno regulacijo. Rancilio Silvia V3 is a mid-range coffee machine, therefore it has some disadvantages. For regulation it does not use any electronics. It uses a bimetallic thermostat for simple water temperature regulation. The thermostat controls a temperature of a single small 3 dcl brass boiler. The coffee machine has all the main features that a quality coffee machine needs: electromagnetic valve, adjustable OPV valve, professional group head, professional 58 mm porta filter. Rancilio Silvia V3 coffee machine has temperature controlled with three thermostats: thermostat for brewing temperature, thermostat for steam temperature, and one safety thermostat against overheating. The thermostats are not accurate and cause considerable water temperature instability. In the preparation or brewing coffee, one can never know whether the temperature is in the desired range. The thesis encompasses the usage of PID controller for temperature regulation. It is used in many fields, mostly in industrial engineering. In this thesis, the PID controller is used on Rancilio Silvia V3 coffee machine. The main reason for using PID controllers is insufficiency of the existing regulation on certain products. The temperature is regulated with the bimetallic thermostat which has a large deviation of ΔT. This kind of regulation is especially problematic with higher temperatures or fast temperature changes. The thermostats cause major temperature changes or oscillations. But the thermostat is sufficient with the less precise systems e.g. room regulators. The temperature in coffee machine is constantly changing therefore the PID controller is necessary or almost essential. Rancilio Silvia V3 has its thermostat on the top of the brass boiler. The brass changes its temperature (heating and cooling) with delay regarding the water temperature in boiler. The delay causes an extra ΔT to the thermostat. The bimetallic thermostat used in Rancilio Silvia V3 has fixed value of 100 ºC. But due to the PID controller the temperature can be set within the range of 1ºC and enables very responsive and accurate regulation.

Cilj te diplomske naloge je bil razviti in izdelati avtomatsko napravo za umerjanje in končno kontrolo linearnih magnetnih dajalnikov pomika. Ti dajalniki dajejo informacijo o poziciji pri linearnih pomikih. Ker je bila naprava, ki se je uporabljala v proizvodnji, počasna in ni omogočala avtomatskega umerjanja izdelkov je obstajala velika verjetnost, da pride do napake v proizvodnem procesu. Zato je bilo potrebno izdelati napravo, ki omogoča avtomatsko umerjanje izdelkov in je hitrejša ter bolj zanesljiva, hkrati pa zmanjša vpliv človeškega faktorja. Ker je bilo potrebno izdelati precej kompleksno napravo, smo si delo porazdelili. Nalogo sem začel s sestavljanjem mehanike naprave, ki smo jo načrtali, v sodelovanju s strojnimi inženirji, na podlagi izkušenj, ki smo jih pridobili pri delu s staro testno napravo. Nato sem se lotil načrtovanja elektronike za krmiljenje testne naprave ter naročanja posameznih komponent naprave. Nato sem začel s sestavljanjem naprave. Ko sem jo sestavil v celoti, sem začel s testiranjem delovanja. Glavni program je izdelal izkušeni sodelavec Gregor Dolšak. Izdelal je pregleden uporabniški vmesnik, poleg tega pa poskrbel, da se lahko izdela testne procedure za posamezne izdelke preko nabora ukazov oziroma testnih korakov. Poleg vsega je bila moja naloga tudi pisanje procedure za vse tipe izdelkov. Trenutno je v napravi shranjenih več kot 50 različnih testnih procedur, vendar se to število povečuje s potrebo po testiranju novih izdelkov. Ko sem napravo v celoti sestavil, testiral delovanje in napisal vse testne procedure, sem jo predal proizvodnji in opravil izobraževanja operaterjev. Napisal sem navodila za delo in vzdrževanje naprave in izdelal podrobno električno shemo naprave. Končni izdelek je avtomatska naprava, ki zdaj že četrto leto uspešno deluje v proizvodnji. Napravo tudi redno servisiram in skrbim za posodobitve v skladu z novimi izdelki, ki jih je potrebno testirati. The objective of this thesis was to develop and construct an automatic test device for calibration and final control of linear magnetic encoders. These encoders provide information about position in the linear movement. Because device, which was currently using in the production, was slow and did not allow automatic calibration of products, there was possibility that an error occurs in the production process. Therefore it was necessary to develop a device that enables automatic calibration of products and is faster and more reliable while reducing the influence of human factor. Because we have to make a rather complex device, we divided the work. I started my task with assembling mechanical parts, which we designed in cooperation with mechanical engineers, based on the experiences we have gained while working with the old test device. Then I started with electrical design for control electronics and ordered individual components of the device. Then I started with assembling the device. When I assembled the whole device, I started with testing. Main program was made by my experienced coworker Gregor Dolšak. He made transparent user interface and in addition took care that test procedures can be made for individual products using a set of commands and test steps. My task was also to write test procedures for all types of product. Currently we have over 50 different test procedures saved, but this number is increasing with the need of testing new products. When I fully assembled the device, tested how it works and wrote all test procedures, I handed device to production and performed training for operators. I wrote instructions for working and maintenance and drew a detailed schematic of the device. The final product is an automatic test device, which is working in production for the fourth consecutive year. I take care for regularly servicing and all updates of device according to new products that need to be tested.

V zadnjih nekaj letih so se pojavile številne nove tehnologije pomnilnikov, ki jih uvrščamo pod hitri trajni spomin − HTS, ki združuje trajnost pomnilnikov za hranjenje podatkov ter hitrosti in nizko energijsko porabo kratkotrajnih, delovnih pomnilnikov. Eden od teh spominov je t. i. memristor, element, katerega obstoj so napovedali že v sedemdesetih letih, saj teoretično dopolnjuje manjkajočo zvezo med magnetnim pretokom in nabojem. Električno vzbujeni ionski transport v kovinskih oksidih memristorja povzroči spremembo upornosti strukture, kar lahko interpretiramo kot binarna digitalna stanja. V prvem delu diplomske naloge je predstavljen mehanizem delovanja tovrstnih memristorskih struktur in postopek izdelave plastne memristorske strukure iz molibdenovih oksidov. Opisan je merilni sistem znotraj elektronskega mikroskopa, merjenje karakteristik memristorjev ter perspektivna uporaba v integriranih vezjih in tridimenzionalnih strukturah. Drugi del predstavlja temeljne eksperimente nove vrste spomina, ki izrablja mehanizme valov gostote naboja v TaS2. Z zelo kratkimi električnimi sunki je v tem materialu, pri nizki temperaturi, mogoče spremeniti upornost za več tisoč ohmov, daljši sunki pa strukturo segrejejo in upornost vrnejo nazaj v prvotno stanje. Poglavje začne s poenostavljeno teoretično razlago mehanizma delovanja in predstavi pojav vala gostote naboja. Preide na izdelavo vzorcev z luščenjem rezin tantalovega disulfida in lasersko litografijo, nato pa opisuje postopke hlajenja in povezovanje z merilnimi inštrumenti preko bondiranja. Sledijo eksperimenti, ki prikazujejo preklopne lastnosti, odvisnosti parametrov in optični eksperimenti, ki dokazujejo perspektivnost tega CDW spomina. Raziskovalnemu delu sledi kratka primerjava modernih spominskih elementov in kaj ti obetajo za prihodnost. In the last years we have witnessed a rise in the number of new memory devices and the emergence of storage class memory technology, which uses the best of both memory types used today. Combining the non-volatility of storage memories with the speed and low energy consumption of volatile memories, SCM is offering a new solution for scaling and power dissipation problems in larger data systems. One of these emerging SCM technologies is the memristor, which uses electrically induced ion transport for controlled changes in resistivity, leading to binary digital state changes. In the first part I present experiments on a memristor device consisting of a layered structure of molybdenum oxides and the process involved in the fabrication of such a device. An in-situ electron microscope measurement system and IV curve measurement is described, as well as insight into memristor integrated circuit uses. The second part presents groundwork experiments of a new CDW memory in TaS2, which offers unparalleled speed and low energy per bit at the expense of low temperature operation. Fast electrical pulses trigger notable resistivity changes, leading to low resistance states from which relaxation to inital high resistance states can be achieved via long duration pulses or heating. Starting with a simplified theoretical explanation of the switching mechanism, the second part continues with sample preparation by TaS2 flaking, laser lithography and cooling. It moves on to dependence experiments, IV curves and optically triggered electrical switching. The research part is followed by a short comparison of storage class memory technology and what it offers in the future.