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16 results on '"Spencer, Robert J"'

1. Sensitivity of the African neuropsychology battery memory subtests and learning slopes in discriminating APOE 4 and amyloid pathology in adult individuals in the Democratic Republic of Congo

Author

Ikanga, Jean, primary, Patrick, Sarah D., additional, Schwinne, Megan, additional, Patel, Saranya Sundaram, additional, Epenge, Emmanuel, additional, Gikelekele, Guy, additional, Tshengele, Nathan, additional, Kavugho, Immaculee, additional, Mampunza, Samuel, additional, Yarasheski, Kevin E., additional, Teunissen, Charlotte E., additional, Stringer, Anthony, additional, Levey, Allan, additional, Rojas, Julio C., additional, Chan, Brandon, additional, Lario Lago, Argentina, additional, Kramer, Joel H., additional, Boxer, Adam L., additional, Jeromin, Andreas, additional, Alonso, Alvaro, additional, and Spencer, Robert J., additional

Published
2024
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3. Validation of and Demographically Adjusted Normative Data for the Learning Ratio Derived from the RAVLT in Robustly Intact Older Adults

Author

Hammers, Dustin B, Spencer, Robert J, and Apostolova, Liana G

Subjects
Humans, Reproducibility of Results, Cognitive Dysfunction, Original Empirical Article, Neuropsychological Tests, Verbal Learning, Memory and Learning Tests, Aged
Abstract

BACKGROUND: The learning ratio (LR) is a novel learning slope score that was developed to identify learning more accurately by considering the proportion of information learned after the first trial of a multi-trial learning task. Specifically, LR is the number of items learned after trial one divided by the number of items yet to be learned. Although research on LR has been promising, convergent validation, clinical characterization, and demographic norming of this LR metric are warranted to understand its clinical utility when derived from the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT). METHOD: Data from 674 robustly cognitively intact older participants from the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (aged 54– 89) were used to calculate the LR metric. Comparison of LR’s relationship with standard memory measures was undertaken relative to other traditional learning slope metrics. In addition, retest reliability at 6, 12, and 24 months was examined, and demographically adjusted normative comparisons were developed. RESULTS: Lower LR scores were associated with poorer performances on memory measures, and LR scores outperformed traditional learning slope calculations across all analyses. Retest reliability exceeded acceptability thresholds across time, and demographically adjusted normative equations suggested better performance for cognitively intact participants than those with mild cognitive impairment. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that this LR score possesses sound retest reliability and can better reflect learning capacity than traditional learning slope calculations. With the added development and validation of regression-based normative comparisons, these findings support the use of the RAVLT LR as a clinical tool to inform clinical decision-making and treatment.

Published
2022

5. Report of Traumatic Brain Injury Information Sources among OIF/OEF Veterans Undergoing Polytrauma Evaluations

Author

VETERANS ADMINISTRATION MEDICAL CENTER ANN ARBOR MI, Spencer, Robert J, McGuire, Adam P, Tree, Heather A, Waldron-Perrine, Brigid, Pangilinan, Percival H, Bieliauskas, Linas A, VETERANS ADMINISTRATION MEDICAL CENTER ANN ARBOR MI, Spencer, Robert J, McGuire, Adam P, Tree, Heather A, Waldron-Perrine, Brigid, Pangilinan, Percival H, and Bieliauskas, Linas A

Abstract

Servicemembers returning from recent conflicts frequently report symptoms associated with traumatic brain injury (TBI) and are subsequently assessed within the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) medical system. Information on potential cognitive and behavioral correlates of TBI is available from multiple sources. A Veteran s symptom presentation may be significantly influenced by the information he or she has received. Despite knowledge of the relationship between information source and symptom presentation, little work has focused on a characterization of where Veterans receive their information. The present study aims to fill this gap in the literature. We asked 152 Veterans who screened positive for possible TBI within the VA healthcare system about the sources of information they have encountered regarding TBI and its sequelae. Friends in the military was the most frequently cited source of information, followed by the Internet, medical professionals, and informational pamphlets. The results of this survey indicate that Veterans are being exposed to information about TBI prior to a formal evaluation and that this information comes from multiple sources of varying reliability. Future research should focus on evaluating and ultimately improving the reliability of this information in order to positively influence the treatment of Veterans, Published in JRRD, v50 n1 p1-6, 2013. The original document contains color images. Prepared in cooperation with the Department of Psychiatry and Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, MI.

Published
2013

8. Transmural electrical potential difference of the human colon.

Author

Geall, Michael G., Spencer, Robert J., and Phillips, Sidney F.

Abstract

The electrical potential across the human colon was measured by a technique which accurately reflects the true mucosa-to-serosa potential difference. Large negative mucosal potentials were recorded from all regions. The potential difference of the sigmoid colon was significantly greater than that of the rectum. The technique may have important applications to the further study of normal or abnormal colonic function. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Published
1969

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