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3. Defining the scope of the European Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance network in Veterinary medicine (EARS-Vet): a bottom-up and One Health approach

Author

Mader, R., Demay, C., Jouvin-Marche, E., Ploy, M. -C., Barraud, O., Bernard, S., Lacotte, Y., Pulcini, C., Weinbach, J., Berling, C., Bouqueau, M., Hlava, A., Habl, C., Kernstock, E., Strauss, R., Muchl, R., Buhmann, V., Versporten, A., Ingenbleek, A., Vandael, E., Haelterman, G., De Raedt, L., Hunjak, B., Raickovic, B., Mackova, B., Niklova, E., Zemlickova, H., Hrivnakova, L., Jindrak, V., Kristensen, B., Lyndrup, M., Skovgaard, S., Wolf Sonksen, U., Aasmae, B., Ruut, J., Linnik, L., Sadikova, O., Martin, P., Zanuzdana, A., Kizilkaya-Guneser, G., Oezcelik, N., Eckmanns, T., Lambrou, A., Kontopidou, F., Papadaki, M., Tsana, M., Maroulis, N., Vatopoulos, A., Papadogiannakis, E., Kontarini, M., Gikas, A., Magkanaraki, A., Cozza, A., Martinelli, D., Fortunato, F., Prato, R., Marella, A. M., Pantosti, A., Prestinaci, F., Busani, L., Pezzoti, P., Creti, R., Martoccia, R. M., Brusaferro, S., Vilde, A., Jakovela, A., Langusa, E., Grudule, L., Grinsteine, M., Dumpis, U., Dambrauskiene, A., Vitkauskiene, A., Tirvaite, D., Cemnalianskis, L., Kazenaite, E., Lozoraitiene, I., Adomaitiene, R., Ambrazaitiene, R., Kiveryte, S., Maciulaityte, A., Kuklyte, J., Petrene, J., Valinteliene, R., Kanapeckiene, V., Razmiene, A., Kairiene, B., Aleksiene, G., Valinciute, G., Petraitis, R., Elsemulder, A., Nakched, A., Claessen, J., Gui, L., Kort, M. D., Peran, R., Van Leeuwen, A., Smeets, E., Mennen, M., Spruijt, P., Westerhof, R., Skulberg, A., Bakka, E. Ro., Miard, K., Henricsen, S. Ho., Pellerud, A., Kallberg, C., Ardal, C., Eriksen, H. -M., Kranstad, K., Molvik, M., Kacelnik, O., Sollund, P., Samuelsen, R., Bakke, T., Urdahl, A. M., Norstrom, M., Olczak-Pienkowska, A., Skoczynska, A., Zabicka, D., Bysiek, J., Rekawek, J., Lebre, A., Falcao, E., Scripcaru, G., Neves, I., Gomes, S., Pereira, N., Malutan, A. M., Iuhas, C., Szakacs, L., Kissiedou-Bob, M., Ciortea, R., Grilc, E., Klavs, I., Turk, K., Subelj, M., Vrdelja, M., Serdt, M., Jemec, N., Glavan, U., Simonovic, Z., Tamayo, A. N., Lopez Navas, A., Munoz Madero, C., Alonso Lebrero, J. L., Alonso Irujo, L., Santacreu Garcia, M., Crespo Robledo, P., Oliva, G., Massanes, M., Oliver Palomo, A., Garcia Pineda, A., Ferragut, E., Rojo, E., Castano, E., Perianez, L., Torres Cantero, A. M., Jimenez Guillen, C., Hukelova, H., Alcaraz, M., Carlos, M. A., Lopez Acuna, M. D. P., Gil Setas, A., Ibarrola Segura, A., Ezpeleta, C., Gahigiro Merino, C., Portillo Bordonabe, M. E., Fragoso, M., Beristain Rementeria, X., Penalva, G., Cisneros, J. M., Estevez, M., Monteau, S., Del Rio, L., Gonzalez De Suso, M. J., Gallego Berciano, P., Aranguren Oyarzabal, A., Alioto, D., Izquierdo Palomares, J. M., Calvo Alcantara, M. J., Gonzalez Perez, R., Havarria, T., Hulth, A., Carlin, K., Edman, L., Grape, M., Aspevall, O., Haggar, A., Lindal, E., Burgos, A., Ottoson, J., Ostman, M., Egervarn, M., Nordenfelt, A., Bengtsson, B., Soderman, I., Bjers, A., Jonsson, J. -I., Starborg, M., Laine, M., Fagerstedt, P., Metcalfe, A., Soder, J., Lytsy, B., Madec, J. Y., Collineau, L., Berger-Carbonne, A., Colomb-Cotinat, M., Bourely, C., Amat, J. -P., Broens, E. M., Callens, B., Crespo-Robledo, P., Damborg, P., Filippitzi, M. -E., Fitzgerald, W., Gronthal, T., Haenni, M., Heuvelink, A., Van Hout, J., Kaspar, H., Pedersen, K., Pokludova, L., Dal Pozzo, F., Slowey, R., Zafeiridis, C., Madec, J. -Y., and Departments of Faculty of Veterinary Medicine

Subjects
Microbiology (medical), Veterinary medicine, Staphylococcus pseudintermedius, 040301 veterinary sciences, Swine, Drug Resistance, 413 Veterinary science, 0403 veterinary science, Animals, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Bacteria, Cats, Cattle, Chickens, Dogs, Drug Resistance, Bacterial, Female, One Health, 03 medical and health sciences, Antibiotic resistance, Antimicrobial stewardship, Medicine, Pharmacology (medical), 2. Zero hunger, Streptococcus uberis, Pharmacology, 0303 health sciences, biology, 030306 microbiology, business.industry, Bacterial, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, biology.organism_classification, Antimicrobial, Food safety, 3. Good health, Infectious Diseases, business, Streptococcus dysgalactiae
Abstract

BackgroundBuilding the European Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance network in Veterinary medicine (EARS-Vet) was proposed to strengthen the European One Health antimicrobial resistance (AMR) surveillance approach.ObjectivesThe objectives were to (i) define the combinations of animal species, production types, age categories, bacterial species, specimens and antimicrobials to be monitored in EARS-Vet and to (ii) determine antimicrobial test panels able to cover most combinations.MethodsThe EARS-Vet scope was defined by consensus between 26 European experts. Decisions were guided by a survey of the combinations that are relevant and feasible to monitor in diseased animals in 13 European countries (bottom-up approach). Experts also considered the One Health approach and the need for EARS-Vet to complement existing European AMR monitoring systems coordinated by the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) and the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA).ResultsEARS-Vet would monitor AMR in six animal species (cattle, swine, chicken (broiler and laying hen), turkey, cat and dog), for 11 bacterial species (Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Mannheimia haemolytica, Pasteurella multocida, Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus pseudintermedius, Staphylococcus hyicus, Streptococcus uberis, Streptococcus dysgalactiae and Streptococcus suis). Relevant antimicrobials for their treatment were selected (e.g. tetracyclines) and complemented with antimicrobials of more specific public health interest (e.g. carbapenems). Three test panels of antimicrobials were proposed covering most EARS-Vet combinations of relevance for veterinary antimicrobial stewardship.ConclusionsWith this scope, EARS-Vet would enable to better address animal health in the strategy to mitigate AMR and better understand the multi-sectoral AMR epidemiology in Europe.

Published
2022
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4. Postpartum endometritis and infection following incomplete or complete abortion: Case definition & guidelines for data collection, analysis, and presentation of maternal immunization safety data

Author

Rouse, CE, Eckert, LO, Munoz, F M, Stringer, JSA, Kochhar, Sonali, Bartlett, L, Sanicas, M, Dudley, DJ, Harper, DM, Bittaye, M, Meller, L, Jehan, F, Maltezou, HC, Subelj, M, Bardaji, Azucena, Kachikis, A, Beigi, R, Gravett, MG, Rouse, CE, Eckert, LO, Munoz, F M, Stringer, JSA, Kochhar, Sonali, Bartlett, L, Sanicas, M, Dudley, DJ, Harper, DM, Bittaye, M, Meller, L, Jehan, F, Maltezou, HC, Subelj, M, Bardaji, Azucena, Kachikis, A, Beigi, R, and Gravett, MG

Published
2019

8. Neonatal infections: Case definition and guidelines for data collection, analysis, and presentation of immunisation safety data.

Author

Jones C., Esteves-Jaramillo A., Guinazu J.R., Kampmann B., Heath P.T., Tran D., Top K.A., Tagbo B.N., Sukumaran L., Subelj M., Spiegel H., Schlaudecker E., Sanicas M., Oleske J., Munoz F.M., Padula M., Velasco Munoz C., de Menezes Martins R., Mangili A., Macdonald N., Kochhar S., King J., Vergnano S., Buttery J., Cailes B., Chandrasekaran R., Chiappini E., Clark E., Cutland C., de Andrade S.D., Jones C., Esteves-Jaramillo A., Guinazu J.R., Kampmann B., Heath P.T., Tran D., Top K.A., Tagbo B.N., Sukumaran L., Subelj M., Spiegel H., Schlaudecker E., Sanicas M., Oleske J., Munoz F.M., Padula M., Velasco Munoz C., de Menezes Martins R., Mangili A., Macdonald N., Kochhar S., King J., Vergnano S., Buttery J., Cailes B., Chandrasekaran R., Chiappini E., Clark E., Cutland C., and de Andrade S.D.

Abstract

Maternal vaccination is an important area of research and requires appropriate and internationally comparable definitions and safety standards. The GAIA group, part of the Brighton Collaboration was created with the mandate of proposing standardised definitions applicable to maternal vaccine research. This study proposes international definitions for neonatal infections. The neonatal infections GAIA working group performed a literature review using Medline, EMBASE and the Cochrane collaboration and collected definitions in use in neonatal and public health networks. The common criteria derived from the extensive search formed the basis for a consensus process that resulted in three separate definitions for neonatal blood stream infections (BSI), meningitis and lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI). For each definition three levels of evidence are proposed to ensure the applicability of the definitions to different settings. Recommendations about data collection, analysis and presentation are presented and harmonized with the Brighton Collaboration and GAIA format and other existing international standards for study reporting.Copyright © 2016

Published
2016

9. Neonatal infections: Case definition and guidelines for data collection, analysis, and presentation of immunisation safety data

Author

Vergnano, S, Buttery, J, Cailes, B, Chandrasekaran, R, Chiappini, E, Clark, E, Cutland, C, de Andrade, SD, Esteves-Jaramillo, A, Guinazu, JR, Jones, C, Kampmann, B, King, J, Kochhar, S, Macdonald, N, Mangili, A, Martins, RDM, Velasco Munoz, C, Padula, M, Munoz, FM, Oleske, J, Sanicas, M, Schlaudecker, E, Spiegel, H, Subelj, M, Sukumaran, L, Tagbo, BN, Top, KA, Tran, D, Heath, PT, Vergnano, S, Buttery, J, Cailes, B, Chandrasekaran, R, Chiappini, E, Clark, E, Cutland, C, de Andrade, SD, Esteves-Jaramillo, A, Guinazu, JR, Jones, C, Kampmann, B, King, J, Kochhar, S, Macdonald, N, Mangili, A, Martins, RDM, Velasco Munoz, C, Padula, M, Munoz, FM, Oleske, J, Sanicas, M, Schlaudecker, E, Spiegel, H, Subelj, M, Sukumaran, L, Tagbo, BN, Top, KA, Tran, D, and Heath, PT

Abstract

Maternal vaccination is an important area of research and requires appropriate and internationally comparable definitions and safety standards. The GAIA group, part of the Brighton Collaboration was created with the mandate of proposing standardised definitions applicable to maternal vaccine research. This study proposes international definitions for neonatal infections. The neonatal infections GAIA working group performed a literature review using Medline, EMBASE and the Cochrane collaboration and collected definitions in use in neonatal and public health networks. The common criteria derived from the extensive search formed the basis for a consensus process that resulted in three separate definitions for neonatal blood stream infections (BSI), meningitis and lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI). For each definition three levels of evidence are proposed to ensure the applicability of the definitions to different settings. Recommendations about data collection, analysis and presentation are presented and harmonized with the Brighton Collaboration and GAIA format and other existing international standards for study reporting.

Published
2016

12. Self-Reported Symptoms at Last Febrile Illness as a Predictor of Treatment-Seeking in Western Kenya: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Author

Madera-Garcia V, Coalson JE, Subelj M, Bell ML, Hayden MH, Agawo M, Munga S, and Ernst KC

Subjects
Humans, Cross-Sectional Studies, Kenya epidemiology, Self Report, Fever diagnosis, Patient Acceptance of Health Care, Communicable Diseases
Abstract

Timely treatment-seeking behavior can reduce morbidity and mortality due to infectious diseases. Patterns of treatment-seeking behavior can differ by access to health care, and perceptions of disease severity and symptoms. We evaluated the association between self-reported symptoms at last illness and the level of treatment-seeking behaviors. We analyzed cross-sectional data from 1,037 participants from the lowlands and highlands of Western Kenya from 2015 using logistic regression models. There was considerable heterogeneity in the symptoms and treatment-seeking behaviors reported among individuals who were febrile at their last illness. A greater number of self-reported categories of symptoms tended to be associated with a higher likelihood of treatment-seeking in both sites. Participants were significantly more likely to seek treatment if they reported fever, aches, and digestive symptoms at last illness than just fever and aches or fever alone, but the frequency of treatment-seeking for fever in combination with aches and respiratory symptoms did not follow a consistent pattern. Among those who sought treatment, most used a formal source, but the patterns were inconsistent across sites and by the number of symptoms categories. Understanding the drivers of treatment-seeking behavior after febrile illness is important to control and treat infectious diseases in Kenya.

Published
2022
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13. An outbreak of Microsporum canis in two elementary schools in a rural area around the capital city of Slovenia, 2012.

Author

Subelj M, Marinko JS, and Učakar V

Subjects
Adolescent, Case-Control Studies, Child, Dermatomycoses diagnosis, Diagnosis, Differential, Female, Humans, Male, Rural Population, Slovenia epidemiology, Dermatomycoses microbiology, Disease Outbreaks, Microsporum isolation & purification, Schools
Abstract

An outbreak of Microsporum canis infection affected 12 persons in two elementary schools over a period of 48 days in 2012 in Slovenia. Epidemiological, microbiological, and animal investigations were conducted. We defined cases as pupils or employees with skin lesions and confirmed or probable M. canis infection, attending one of the implicated elementary schools. Two clusters of six primary and six secondary cases were included in an unmatched case-control study. Contact with an adopted stray kitten at a birthday party was identified as the most probable source of infection. Secondary cases were more likely to have participated in gymnastic classes with a primary case than controls and were also more likely to have touched an infected child. Prompt communication and implementation of adequate control measures after the primary cases occurred would have prevented the secondary cases in another school.

Published
2014
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14. Experimental design of an optimal phase duration control strategy used in batch biological wastewater treatment.

Author

Pavgelj NB, Hvala N, Kocijan J, Ros M, Subelj M, Music G, and Strmcnik S

Subjects
Aerobiosis, Algorithms, Hydrogen-Ion Concentration, Hypoxia, Models, Theoretical, Sewage
Abstract

The paper presents the design of an algorithm used in control of a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) for wastewater treatment. The algorithm is used for the on-line optimization of the batch phases duration which should be applied due to the variable input wastewater. Compared to an operation with fixed times of batch phases, this kind of a control strategy improves the treatment quality and reduces energy consumption. The designed control algorithm is based on following the course of some simple indirect process variables (i.e. redox potential, dissolved oxygen concentration and pH), and automatic recognition of the characteristic patterns in their time profile. The algorithm acts on filtered on-line signals and is based on heuristic rules. The control strategy was developed and tested on a laboratory pilot plant. To facilitate the experimentation, the pilot plant was superimposed by a computer-supported experimental environment that enabled: (i) easy access to all data (on-line signals, laboratory measurements, batch parameters) needed for the design of the algorithm, (ii) the immediate application of the algorithm designed off-line in the Matlab package also in real-time control. When testing on the pilot plant, the control strategy demonstrated good agreement between the proposed completion times and actual terminations of the desired biodegradation processes.

Published
2001
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