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Palmoplantar pustulosis (PPP) is a chronic dermatosis that presents as multiple, small, hyperkeratotic or pustular lesions predominantly affecting the palms and soles. It is characterized by eruptions of sterile pustules on an erythematous squamous background. A 57 year old man presenting with recurrent pruritic palmar sterile pustules of 5 years duration following prolonged exposure and handling of stationaries and paper materials at place of work using his bare hands. Patient does not smoke cigarette, he is not a known diabetic, no history suggestive of autoimmune disorders and no family history of psoriasis. Histopathologic findings revealed multiple spongiotic vesicles containing mononuclear cells and neutrophils within the malphigian layer. He is currently being managed with corticosteroids and advised on personal protective wears.

Sulawesi Island is one of the largest Ni ore producers in Indonesia. It is also expected to be a significant potential source of some critical metals (e.g., Co, Sc, rare-earth elements, and platinum-group elements). However, few studies show the post-mining impact on some heavy metal elements concentrated in this area. Therefore, improving the efficiency and effectiveness of soil organization and its effect on soil reclamation after mining is helpful. This study aimed to determine the accuracy in estimating the thickness of the overburden covering the nickel ore body profile from lateritic nickel post-mining areas by magnetic susceptibility measurements to discrepancy the overall laterite horizon, whereas χLF and χFD are used to distinguish the overburden zona and limonite and saprolite zone. The lateritic profile studied consists of soil formation of Fe-rich material in the Morowali, and Pomalaa block. We also evaluated the chemical element content of the soil and understood the relationship between the magnetic and geochemical properties of the soil. This study reveals the superparamagnetic (SP)-enriched soils indicated with the increase of the FD% values into the upward horizon, where the maximum values of FD are generally found at ranges 1 to 4m, indicating the overburden layers. Meanwhile, in the depth of 4m to 6m, the values of FD vary only slightly in the lower part initiated by the limonite layers, and then > 6m decreases sharply to the bottom, indicating the saprolite layers. The chemical element mobility trends indicate that Fe, Co, Cr, Mn, and Ti increase toward the layers, which is the same pattern as in FD. Due to this, parameters magnetics may also be a new geophysical approach for estimating the distribution of economically valued minerals on lateritic soils. The strong correlation of Co with Fe, Mn, and Cr in all layers indicates the influence of weathering o n these ultramafic rocks. This suggests an increasing trend toward prolonged pedogenesis.

Monkeypox/Mpox is an Orthopoxvirus infection of the skin and mucous membranes in the same family as smallpox virus. Infection mainly affects the skin, but the eyes, lungs, brain, gastrointestinal tract, and other organs may also be involved to varying degrees. This narrative review on the systematic and dermatologic impact of Mpox is meant for healthcare workers, providers of social services, community leaders, religious leaders, staff of schools, influencers, and institutions. This is in a bid to bring them up to date with the clinical protocol involved in the diagnosis, management, and prevention of the spread of Mpox. Data and other pieces of information used in this review were accessed from PubMed, Google Scholar, and situation reports from the website of the Nigerian Centre for Disease Control (NCDC), the World Health Organization (WHO), and the Centre for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). The search date was from 1980 to May 2022. Prompt recognition and diagnosis were found to be predicated on a high index of clinical suspicion while diagnosis can be confirmed through viral DNA polymerase chain reaction tests. The management of Mpox involves a multidisciplinary approach with Dermatologists playing a central role alongside other specialists and experts as it affects diagnosis, management, and follow-up. The Government should provide an enabling environment for surveillance, notification, and research of this global infection. Since the clinical presentation of Mpox is regularly changing, a regular review of the available guidelines is recommended. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to analyze the relative development of the population of the District of Polatlı during the Republic Period. It also considers how change occurred in the neighborhood according to the spatial distribution of the population. This population is assessed in the study in terms of numbers, rate of increase, rural and urban conditions, age and gender structure, and the change of population density, according to neighborhood, due to twenty-five years of migration. The socioeconomic status of the population is also evaluated. Population figures in Polatlı between 1935 and 1960 were obtained from printed documents published by the State Institute of Statistics (SIS), and from data gathered from general censuses taken by TurkStat between 1965 and 2000. Data between 2010 and 2022 was obtained from the TurkStat (TurkStat, 2023) Address Based Population Registration System (ABPRS). The quantitative data obtained was converted into charts using the Excel program and supported with graphics. Population density according to neighborhood was analyzed using the 'Kernel Density Method', and maps were produced made using the program: ArcGIS 10.9. Due to consistent yearly population increase in Polatlı, as well as the district playing an increasingly important role in terms of the military, education, transportation, agriculture, industry, and trade, Polatlı has achieved provincial standards in socioeconomic terms. It is believed that the district will attract more immigrants in the future.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to investigate the concordance between patient and physician predictions of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) results in suspected infectious diseases and evaluate the predictive capacity of presenting complaints to enhance diagnostic decision-making. Methods: A cross-sectional design was employed to recruit 1,369 participants with symptoms associated with coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) infection. Data on demographics, medical history, presenting complaints, and PCR results were collected. Concordance between patient and physician predictions was assessed using kappa statistics, providing insights into the alignment of patient beliefs and physician expectations. Results: The study revealed a lack of concordance between patient and physician predictions of PCR results. Loss of taste and smell emerged as the most sensitive symptoms associated with positive PCR results, whereas cough demonstrated higher specificity. However, relying solely on these symptoms may lead to missed cases, emphasizing the need for a comprehensive clinical evaluation. The suboptimal predictive accuracy of both patients and physicians highlights the importance of incorporating objective diagnostic tools such as PCR testing to enhance diagnostic decision-making. Conclusion: Improved communication and shared decision making between patients and physicians are crucial for optimizing diagnostic strategies. Integrating objective diagnostic tools with clinical judgment is essential for improving accuracy. By identifying specific symptoms strongly associated with positive PCR results, this study contributes to enhancing the efficiency of diagnostic decision-making and the development of evidence-based guidelines in the realm of infectious diseases, ultimately improving patient care and healthcare delivery.

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is characterized by excessive growth of myocardial tissue, most commonly due to genetic mutations in sarcomere proteins. This can lead to complications such as heart failure, mitral regurgitation, syncope, arrhythmias, sudden cardiac death, and myocardial ischemia. While we have come a long way in our understanding of the pathophysiology, genetics, and epidemiology of HCM, the past 10 years have seen significant advancements in diagnosis and treatment. As the body of evidence on hypertrophic cardiomyopathy continues to grow, a comprehensive review of the current literature is an invaluable resource in organizing this knowledge. By doing so, the vast progress that has been made thus far will be widely available to all experts in the field. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the scientific literature, exploring both well-established and cutting-edge diagnostic and therapeutic options. It also presents a unique perspective by incorporating topics such as exercise testing, genetic testing, radiofrequency ablation, risk stratification, and symptomatic management in non-obstructive HCM. Lastly, this review highlights areas where current and future research is at the forefront of innovation in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.

Objective:This study examines the relationship between seminal plasma anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) levels and sperm morphology and sperm DNA fragmentation.Materials and Methods:Semen and blood samples were obtained from volunteers. There were four patient groups that are normozoospermia (n=46), oligoasthenoteratozoospermia (n=18), azoospermia (n=19) and teratozoospermia (n=68), based on semen analysis results. Serum follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, testosterone, serum and seminal plasma AMH levels were measured. DNA fragmentation of sperm was assessed by the TdT-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) test.Results:Azoospermic group showed the highest blood AMH levels. The seminal AMH level of normozoospermic patients was found to be significantly lower compared to the oligoasthenoteratozoospermia group. No significant associations between seminal AMH, sperm morphology, and sperm DNA damage were observed. No significant difference was observed among the groups regarding sperm DNA fragmentation.Conclusion:A large number of TUNEL-positive cells in normozoospermic patients demonstrates that DNA damage of sperm may also occur in normal sperm parameters individuals. The measurement of serum and seminal AMH levels does not provide any additional benefit during the evaluation of male infertility.

This study was carried out in two stages. In the first stage; 2-oxo-2-phenylethyl-2-aminobenzoate (OPA) compound, which was an aniline derivative, was synthesized by starting the appropriate components. Then, poly(OPA) was obtained via chemical polymerization of the OPA in the presence of ammonium peroxydisulfate (APS) as the initiator and DMF as the solvent. Poly(OPA)/Bentonite (BNT) nanocomposite was synthesized by effectively dispersing the inorganic nanolayers of BNT in poly(OPA) matrix by means of intercalation method. In the second stage; the characterization of the synthesized OPA, poly(OPA) and poly(OPA)/BNT nanocomposite was investigated. The OPA was characterized by liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC/TOF-MS). The structures of the poly(OPA) and nanocomposite(OPA) were characterized by using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). In addition, the conductivity of poly(OPA)/BNT nanocomposite was investigated and change in electrical conductivity was examined.

Background: Pulmonary embolism is a clinical condition caused by the obstruction of the pulmonary artery and its branches with endogenous, exogenous embolism, or local thrombus formation. It is a rare but potentially life-threatening event in the pediatric population. Pediatric pulmonary embolism has many unknown characteristics. Aims: To evaluate clinical features, genetic and acquired risk factors, diagnostic imaging, and treatment strategies with long-term results in children with pulmonary embolism. Study Design: A retrospective multicenter clinical trial Methods: Patients aged 0-18 years who were diagnosed with pulmonary embolism with computed tomography pulmonary angiography (CTPA) findings (intraluminal filling defect in the lobar or main pulmonary artery) in 3 university hospitals between 2006 and 2021 were included in the study. A form was created for data standardization, and variables were collected retrospectively through medical record review. In addition to the features given above, we also evaluated in situ pulmonary artery thrombosis (ISPAT) and patients’ Wells scores. Follow-up CTPA results were evaluated for patient response to treatment. Complete recovery means that there were no lesions, incomplete recovery if there was still embolism, and no response if there was no change. Results: Twenty-four patients (female:13, male:11) were included in the study. The mean age was 13.5 years. All patients but one had at least one or more genetic or acquired risk factors. Factor V Leiden mutation (16.6%) was the most common genetic risk factor. Six of 16 patients with Doppler ultrasonography were diagnosed with ISPAT because there was no sign of thromboembolic thrombosis. Nine (41.6%) patients had a Wells score of >4 (pulmonary embolism clinically strong), and 15 (58.4%) patients scored

Objective:Foreign body aspiration remains a serious health problem with a potential for severe consequences, and acute and chronic problems in children. It therefore demands immediate intervention. Rigid bronchoscopy has long been the method of choice for foreign body removal but is now being replaced by flexible bronchoscopy which offers reduced trauma and the ability to access distal bronchial regions. In the presented study we assessed the patients who underwent flexible bronchoscopy for foreign body removal in our clinic.Methods:We reviewed the records of 20 patients who underwent flexible bronchoscopy due to suspected foreign body aspiration and had a foreign body removed in our clinic. Patients were analyzed in terms of sociodemographic data, foreign bodies removed, method of foreign body removal, foreign body location and time to diagnosis.Results:Our study group included nine females and 11 males. The removed foreign body was organic in 19 of the 20 patients and inorganic in one patient. Hard organic food, such as hazelnuts, peanuts, seeds, almonds, and raw corn kernel were identified in 12 patients, a piece of fishbone in one patient and a piece of gelatin in another. The pieces of soft organic food identified were apple in one patient, egg in one patient, and boiled corn kernel in one patient and removed by suction. The foreign body was removed using forceps in nine patients, and a basket was used successfully in seven patients.Conclusion:Foreign bodies can be removed with minimal complication using flexible bronchoscopy, basket, and forceps in children.

IntroductionVulnerability to malnutrition is very high with low-income women and their children in rural Balochistan with contributing factors including lack of awareness about proper nutrition, low literacy, scarcity of vegetables and fruit, and low purchasing power of households. The Food and Agriculture Organization's kitchen garden program provides resources to improve nutrition and health knowledge and promote healthy eating practices. The objective of this study was to assess nutrition and health awareness, knowledge, attitudes, behavioural intentions/behaviours (AKAB) of women who attended the kitchen garden program and trainings.Materials and methodsA community based cross-sectional survey (N = 209) using a two-stage cluster sampling method was used to select households with survey participants being mothers with children under five years of age. A pretested questionnaire was administered via face-to-face surveys by trained enumerators in two districts of Balochistan province of Pakistan. Nutrition and health AKAB were constructed indices. Chi-square tests compared statistical differences in AKAB by women attending against a control group who did not-attend kitchen garden interventions. Binary logistic regression analyses were performed to assess kitchen garden program outcomes against key AKAB indicators, while adjusting for covariates.ResultsSignificant differences (pConclusionsSubstantial opportunities exist for achieving improved nutrition and health outcomes with vulnerable groups in Balochistan, through greater participation in kitchen gardens behavioural change programs and interventions. As part of scaling-up efforts, academically rigorous project evaluations should be institutionalized for continuous improvement of nutrition programs to address micronutrient deficiencies in rural communities.

This research is a descriptive study, which aims to see the ability of students' conceptual understanding and errors made in solving story problems on fractional material using the Newman procedure. The subjects of this research were the fifth grade students in SD Negeri in Lalolae totaling 54 students. The instrument used in this study was an essay test which was developed and tested for feasibility. From the results of the research, from 54 students of the research subjects, the average value of students' conceptual understanding ability was 41.48 or in the low category. From the results of the categorization of students' conceptual understanding abilities, the majority of the students have concept understanding abilities in the low and very low categories with 74% in total. Furthermore, from the results of student error analysis using the Newman procedure, the students made 215 errors and the most errors made by students were Comprehension errors

This research is motivated by the low mathematical communication skills of students, where there are many factors that influence this, one of which is the student's learning style. This study aims to determine the effect of learning styles on students' mathematical communication skills. This type of research is ex-post-facto research and was conducted at SMA Negeri 1 Mawasangka using a sample of 52 students. From the results of the analysis carried out, it was found that there was a relationship between student learning styles and students' mathematical communication abilities. This was because rhit > rtab (0.38> 0.27), the relationship formed was a positive one-way relationship because of the positive rhit value. In addition, from the one-way ANOVA, it was found that Fcount> Ftable, it was concluded that there were differences in students' mathematical communication skills when viewed from their learning styles and this difference was significant. So it can be concluded that the learning style has an effect on students' mathematical communication skills, and this influence is a positive influence. Keywords: learning styles, mathematical communication skills, influence.

OBJECTIVE: This study investigated whether low-to-moderate exposure to welding fumes is associated with adverse effects on the cardiovascular system. METHODS: To test this, we performed a longitudinal analysis of 78 mild steel welders and 96 controls; these subjects were examined twice, six years apart (ie, timepoints 1 and 2). All subjects (male and non-smoking at recruitment) completed questionnaires describing their health, work history, and lifestyle. We measured their blood pressure, endothelial function (by EndoPAT), and risk markers for cardiovascular disease [low-density lioprotein (LDL), homocysteine, C-reactive protein]. Exposure to welding fumes was assessed from the responses to questionnaires and measurements of respirable dust in their breathing zones adjusted for use of respiratory protection equipment. Linear mixed-effect regression models were used for the longitudinal analysis. RESULTS: Median respirable dust concentrations, adjusted for respirable protection, of the welders were 0.7 (5–95 percentile range 0.2–4.2) and 0.5 (0.1–1.9) mg/m^3 at timepoints 1 and 2, respectively. Over the six-year period, welders showed a statistically significant increase in systolic [5.11 mm Hg, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.92–8.31] and diastolic (3.12 mm Hg, 95% CI 0.74–5.5) blood pressure compared with controls (multi-variable adjusted mixed effect models). Diastolic blood pressure increased non-significantly by 0.22 mm Hg (95% CI -0.02–0.45) with every additional year of welding work. No consistent significant associations were found between exposure and endothelial function, LDL, homocysteine, or C-reactive protein. CONCLUSION: Exposure to welding fumes at low-to-moderate levels is associated with increased blood pressure, suggesting that reducing the occupational exposure limit (2.5 mg/m^3 for inorganic respirable dust in Sweden) is needed to protect cardiovascular health of workers.

Background: Vitiligo is an acquired pigmentary disorder of the skin and mucous membranes which manifests as white macules and patches due to selective loss of melanocytes. This condition can affect the patients' psychology, leading to an impairment of quality of life (QOL). Recently, much attention is been given to the emotional and psychological issues in the affected subjects. Aim of the Study: This was to assess the QOL impairment among Nigerian patients with vitiligo using a disease-specific quality of life index questionnaire (VitiQoL). Materials and Methods: Seventy seven adults aged 18 years and above with vitiligo attending the Dermatology Clinic of a tertiary health center were included in this cross-sectional study. The QOL was assessed using the vitiligo quality of life questionnaire (VitiQoL). Disease severity was assessed using Vitiligo Area Severity Index (VASI). Results: The mean age of the study participants was 38.97 ± 13.2 years, comprising of 32 (41.6%) and 45 (58.4%) females. Almost half of the vitiligo patients belong to the lower socioeconomic class, 37 (48.1%). The mean age of first onset of vitiligo was 33.5 ± 14.84 years, with 32 (41.6%) of the participants having age of first onset between 24 and 42 years. The mean VitiQoL score was 30.51 ± 15.74 (range 3–64). There was a significant relationship between VASI score and VitiQoL (P = 0.036, r = 0.517). Other factors such as age, gender, socioeconomic status, disease activity, family history of vitiligo, duration of the disease and educational attainment were significantly associated with VitiQoL score (P < 0.05). Conclusion: QOL is impaired significantly in Nigerian patients with vitiligo. Focusing on patient's QOL is an essential aspect in the management of patients with vitiligo.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat bagaimana hasil penerapan model pembelajaran penemuan terbimbing terhadap peningkatan kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis mahasiswa. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah quasi eksperiment dengan desain non equivalent control grup. Dari hasil analisis deskriptif diperoleh dari 22 subjek kelas kontrol, rata-rata peningkatan kemampuan pemecahan masalah 0,25 dengan nilai terendah -0,66 dan tertinggi 0,69 serta standar deviasi 0,31. Sedangkan dari 24 subjek pada kelas eksperimen, rata-rata peningkatan kemampuan pemecahan masalahnya 0,6 dengan peningkatan tertinggi 0,86 dan terendah 0,08 serta standar deviasi 0,24. Selanjutnya berdasarkan analisis inferensial yang dilakukan disimpulkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan peningkatan kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis antara mahasiswa yang diajar dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran penemuan terbimbing dan mahasiswa yang diajar dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran konvensional. Dengan demikian penerapan model pembelajaran penemuan terbimbing lebih baik digunakan untuk meningkatkan kemapuan pemecahan masalah matematis mahasiswa khususnya pada matakuliah statistik matematika I. This research aims to see the results of the application of the guided discovery learning model in increasing students' mathematical problem solving abilities. The research method used in this research is Quasi experiment with non equivalent control group design. The descriptive analysis of 22 control class subjects shows the average increase in problem solving ability was 0.25 with the lowest value of -0.66 and the highest was 0.69 and a standard deviation of 0.31. Meanwhile, of the 24 subjects in the experimental class, the average increase in problem solving ability was 0.6 with the highest increase of 0.86 and the lowest 0.08 and a standard deviation of 0.24. Furthermore, based on the inferential analysis conducted, it is concluded that there is a significant difference in the improvement of mathematical problem solving abilities between students who are taught using the guided discovery learning model and students who are taught using conventional learning models. Thus the application of the guided discovery learning model is better used to improve students' mathematical problem solving abilities, especially in the mathematics statistics I course.

Today, it is of great importance to synthesize new azo compounds as well as to conduct research in different areas of use. More than one usage area is increasing day by day in high-tech products (laser printing materials, printer toners, liquid crystals, etc.) as well as in many sectors such as paper, food, cosmetics, textile and leather. In this study, considering these advantages, the compounds of 3-amino-1H-pyrazol-5-ol, 1H-1,2,4-triazol-3-amine, 3-amino-1H-phenyl-5-ol were used as starting materials. As a result of azo coupling of diazonium salts with resorcinol and 3,5-dihydroxy benzoic acid, new azo compounds were synthesized, their structures were characterized by spectroscopic methods such as FT-IR and 1H-NMR, and different solvent effects on visible absorption spectra were investigated. Molecular geometry and vibration frequency calculations of synthesized compounds were made with Density Functional Theory (DFT) using 6-311G (d,p) basis set and B3LYP level. Additional, electronic properties and HOMO-LUMO orbital calculations were carried out with time dependent DFT (TD-DFT) approach. As a result of this study, it has been observed that azo compounds containing heterocyclic amine groups have batchromic effects and bright colors. It is anticipated that this study will make important contributions to the literature and the dyestuff industry and will form a basis for potential applications.

Bu çalışmada, çeşitli aromatik aminler ile hazırlanan diazonyum tuzlarının, 2-(4-metilfenil)-1H-indol ve 2-(4-klorfenil)-1H-indol bileşikleri ile azo kenetlenmesi sonucu, bir dizi yeni hetarilazo indol boyası sentezlendi. Hazırlanan boyarmaddelerin, Mitsunobu reaksiyonu ile N-pozisyonundan izopropil alkol ile alkillenmesi sonucu N-sübstitue indol türevlerinin sentezi gerçekleştirildi. Sentezlenen bileşiklerin kimyasal yapıları, NMR, FT-IR, UV-vis, kütle spektrometresi ve elementel analiz ile aydınlatıldı. Elde edilen boyarmaddelerin fotofiziksel özelliklerini belirlemek için, farklı polariteye sahip çözücüler içerisinde görünür bölge absorpsiyon spektrumları incelendi. Ek olarak, asit ve baz ilavesinin absorpsiyon maksimumları üzerine etkileri ayrıntılı olarak incelendi.

Bu çalışmada, iki tane kiral 2-(2-hidroksiaril) alkol (HAROL, 1,4-diol) ve bir 1,4-aminoalkilfenol (AAP), aldehitlerin Rawal dieni ile asimetrik hetero Diels-Alder (HDA) reaksiyonunda hidrojen-bağı donörü (HBD) organokatalizörleri olarak incelenmiştir. Her iki yapının (HAROL ve AAP) katalitik miktarının (%10) HDA reaksiyonunu oldukça verimli bir şekilde gerçekleştirdiği bulunmuştur. Bunlar arasında, indan iskeleti bazlı bir HAROL molekülünün, katalitik aktivite ve enantioseçicilik bakımından en iyisi olduğu ortaya çıkmıştır. Öte yandan, test edilen AAP bifonksiyonlu bir organokatalizör olarak, diğer bir deyişle bir Lewis bazı ve HBD organokatalizörü gibi davranıyor görünmektedir. Deneysel sonuçlar HAROL yapısının dikkatli bir şekilde ayarlanmasının, daha genel HBD organokatalizörlerinin geliştirilmesine yol açabileceğini desteklemektedir.

Background and Objective: Light microscopy of thick and thin films is a cost effective gold standard for diagnosis of malaria yet it is time consuming and requires expertise. Immunochromatographic Technique (ICT) has been claimed an alternative to light microscopy in detecting Plasmodium species. This study was conducted to evaluate sensitivity and specificity of rapid malaria test in reference to light microscopy of the smears. Methods: This study was conducted out in Mansoorah Hospital Lahore between July and November 2015. Seventy patients with history suggestive of malaria were subjected to both tests i.e. light microscopy and Immunochromatographic Technique (ICT) malaria P.f./Pan Rapid Test Device for comparison of two methods. Results: The blood film results indicated that 32 (45.71%) patients were infected with malaria and the rest 38 (54.28%) were malaria negative. Among the positive patients P.falciparum was detected in 10 cases (31.2%) and non-falciparum plasmodium species were found in rest of the 22 cases (68.75%). The ICT malaria P.f./Pan Test results showed that 30 (42.85%) of the patient samples were positive for malaria parasites and rest 40 (57.14%) were negative for malarial parasite. Infection with P. falciparum accounted for 10 cases (33.34%) and non-falciparum plasmodium species cases accounted for rest of the 20 (66.67%) cases. Thus, ICT malaria showed 93.75% sensitivity and 95.00% specificity for detection of malarial parasites. Conclusions: Immunochromatographic technique provides sensitive, specific, user - friendly and practical alternative to slide microscopy for diagnosis of malaria without adding cost and effort. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objectives of this study were to determine the characteristics of medical students and graduates interested in choosing psychiatry as a career and the obstacles in choosing this field of medicine. Two private and two public medical institutes were surveyed from June 2007 to August 2007. A self-administered questionnaire was distributed to third, fourth and final year students and to medical graduates doing their internship in these four medical institutes.A total of 909 medical students and graduates participated in the study. Seventeen percent of participants responded positively regarding their interest in psychiatry as a career. Significantly higher proportion belonged to private medical institutes (14% vs. 24%, P-value =0.001). There was no significant difference in reporting interest for psychiatry in regard to age, sex, year in medical school and whether or not the participant had done a psychiatry ward rotation. However significantly higher proportion of participants (22%, n=43) were reporting their interest in the field of psychiatry who had done more than a month long psychiatry ward rotation as compared to those participants (14%, n=54) with less than a month or no psychiatry rotation (P-value=0.01). More students were reporting their interest in psychiatry with a family history of psychiatric illness as compared to without family history (24% vs 16%, P-value=0.03). In conclusion, students and graduates with more than a month long rotation in psychiatry, studying in private medical colleges and with a family history of psychiatric illness were more interested in choosing psychiatry as a career.

Welders are exposed to high levels of metal particles, consisting mainly of iron and manganese (Mn) oxide. Metal particles, especially those containing Mn can be neurotoxic. In this exploratory study, we evaluated associations between welding and expression of 87 putative neurology-related proteins in serum in a longitudinal approach. The study cohort from southern Sweden included welders working with mild steel (n = 56) and controls (n = 67), all male and non-smoking, which were sampled at two timepoints (T1, T2) 6-year apart. Observed associations in the longitudinal analysis (linear mixed models) were further evaluated (linear regression models) in another cross-sectional sample which included welders (n = 102) and controls (n = 89) who were sampled only once (T1 or T2). The median respirable dust levels for welders after adjusting for respiratory protection was at T1 0.6 (5–95 percentile: 0.2–4.2) and at T2 0.5 (0.1–1.8) mg/m3. The adjusted median respirable Mn concentration was at T2 0.049 mg/m3 (0.003–0.314) with a Spearman correlation between adjusted respirable dust and respirable Mn of rS = 0.88. We identified five neurology-related proteins that were differentially expressed in welders vs. controls in the longitudinal sample, of which one (nicotinamide/nicotinic acid mononucleotide adenylyltransferase 1; NMNAT1) was also differentially expressed in the cross-sectional sample. NMNAT1, an axon-protective protein linked to Alzheimers disease, was upregulated in welders compared with controls but no associations were discerned with degree of exposure (welders only: years welding, respirable dust, cumulative exposure). However, we identified five additional proteins that were associated with years welding (GCSF, EFNA4, CTSS, CLM6, VWC2; welders only) both in the longitudinal and in the cross-sectional samples. We also observed several neurology-related proteins that were associated with age and BMI. Our study indicates that low-to-moderate exposure to welding fumes is associated with changes in circulating levels of neurology-related proteins.

Penelitian ini dilatar belakangi oleh rendahnya prestasi belajar matematika siswa. Akan dicari faktor yang mempengaruhi tinggi rendahnya prestasi tersebut. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui apakah terdapat pengaruh kreativitas terhadap prestasi belajar matematika siswa ditinjau dari perbedaan jenis kelamin. kemudian untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor apa saja yang mendukung serta menghambat kreativitas siswa. Sampel penelitian yang diambil adalah siswa kelas X yang bersekolah di MAN 1 Kolaka berjumlah 4o orang. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian expost-facto. Data-data penelitian diambil dari angket siswa dan dokumentasi prestasi belajar matematika siswa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya perbedaan kreativitas belajar ditinjau dari jenis kelamin dan terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan dari prestasi belajar matematika siswa ditinjau dari perbedaan jenis kelamin. Selain itu, terdapat pengaruh yang searah antara kreativitas siswa ditinjau dari perbedaan jenis kelamin terhadap prestasi belajar. Kata kunci: kreativitas, jenis kelamin, prestasi belajar matematika. ABSTRACT This research is based on the low achievement of students' mathematics learning. Will be sought factors that affect the high level of achievement. The purpose of this study is to determine whether there is influence of creativity to student's mathematics learning achievement in terms of gender differences. then to know what factors that support and hinder the creativity of students. The sample of the research taken is the X class students who attend school in MAN 1 Kolaka amounted to 4o people. This research is an expost-facto research. The research data is taken from student questionnaire and documentation of student's mathematics learning achievement. The results showed that there was a difference of learning creativity in terms of gender and there was a significant difference from students' mathematics learning achievement in terms of gender differences. In addition, there is a direct influence between student creativity in terms of gender differences on learning achievement. Keywords: creativity, gender, mathematics learning achievement.

Abstract Background Atopic disorders are a global concern. Studies in migrant populations can illuminate the interplay of genetic and environmental factors. Exposures related to bad housing (indoor dampness, mould growth, crowding etc.) are likely to play a role in how socioeconomic inequalities can turn into health disparities for disadvantaged populations. The sizable immigrant population living in very poor-quality housing in Malmö, Sweden, became the focus of a cross-sectional study. Objective To describe atopic disorders and sensitizations in a population living in substandard housing in Malmö, Sweden, with an emphasis on their relation to harmful exposures from the built environment. Methods Families were recruited via identification of any children with symptomatic airway afflictions from health care records, and also asymptomatic children from school lists. Interviewer-led health questionnaire data and data from self-reports about living conditions were obtained together with data from home inspections carried out by health communicators. Families underwent skin prick tests (SPT) against common aeroallergens. Results As could be expected from background demographic information, it turned out that we effectively studied an immigrant population inhabiting very precarious housing outside the center of Malmö. A total of 359 children from 130 families (total 650 participants) were included. Overall the prevalence of potentially harmful environmental exposures was high (signs of moisture or mould in more than 50% of apartments, indoor smoking in 37% of households). Atopic disorders were common among both adults and children. SPTs showed a spectrum of sensitizations consistent with unselected populations in Sweden. Paternal sensitization in the SPT was associated with higher risk of sensitization for offspring than maternal sensitization. Few statistically significant associations of atopic sensitization with studied environmental exposures were detected (for example objective signs of dampness /mould in bathrooms). There were marked discrepancies between asthma diagnoses obtained from the health records and parental reports of such diagnoses and treatment for their children. Conclusions The atopic burden in this selected immigrant population was high, and results point to unmet medical needs. Health care systems caring for such populations need to be aware of their specific health needs; comprehensive asthma and allergy care should include consideration of harmful environmental exposures, adhering to the precautionary principle.

En este estudio, se buscó determinar la ansiedad de los estudiantes de posgrado que reciben educación basada en escenarios digitales hacia la investigación científica. La investigación fue un estudio cuantitativo y el experimento y grupo de control fueron diseñados de acuerdo con el pre - test y el modelo de investigación post - prueba. En ambos grupos, los cursos se llevaron a cabo en forma de aprendizaje mixto (educación a distancia y cara a cara) a través del sistema NEU - DEC (Near East University). El grupo de experimentos también fue apoyado por escenarios digitales. Los materiales del curso se compartieron en el sistema con cada grupo creado en la sección especial. Los cursos de educación a distancia se llevaron a cabo de forma síncrona y asincrónica: era posible con el plugin del aula virtual B ig Blue Button cuando era síncrono; Cuando era asíncrono, era posible con la repetición de los cursos que se registran en el sistema cuando se solicitaba y también con el panel de chat. En ambos grupos, había 40 estudiantes de postgrado de los programas af iliados a los institutos de la Universidad del Cercano Oriente. Como resultado de la prueba de éxito aplicada como un pre - test antes del estudio, los grupos fueron asignados con la homogeneidad como el grupo de prueba con el último número siendo el número impar de acuerdo a los números de la escuela en términos de logro y género. Se utilizó una escala de ansiedad para la investigación científica para recolectar los datos requeridos con el permiso necesario. Los datos obtenidos se analizaron mediante técnica s de análisis apropiadas. Los hallazgos obtenidos de esta investigación revelaron que, al final de la aplicación, disminuyeron los niveles de ansiedad de los estudiantes, tanto en el grupo experimental como en el grupo control. Aunque no hubo diferencias e stadísticamente significativas entre los grupos, se determinó que el nivel medio de ansiedad del grupo experimental soportado por escenarios digitales disminuyó más que los del grupo control. De acuerdo con este resultado, se puede decir que la educación d ada con escenarios digitales tuvo un efecto positivo de reducir las ansiedades de los estudiantes acerca de la investigación.

There is increasing evidence that environmental manganese (Mn) exposure early in life can have negative effects on children's neurodevelopment and increase the risk of behavioral problems, including attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Factors that may contribute to differences in sensitivity to Mn exposure are sex and genetic variation of proteins involved in the regulation of Mn concentrations. Here we investigate if sex and polymorphisms in Mn transporter genes SLC30A10 and SLC39A8 influence the association between Mn exposure and ADHD-related behavioral problems in children.The SNPs rs1776029 and rs12064812 in SLC30A10, and rs13107325 in SLC39A8 were genotyped by TaqMan PCR or pyrosequencing in a population of Italian children (aged 11–14 years; n = 645) with a wide range of environmental Mn exposure. Mn in surface soil was measured in situ using XRF technology or modeled by geospatial analysis. Linear regression models or generalized additive models (GAM) were used for analyzing associations between soil Mn and neurobehavioral problems assessed by the Conners' behavior rating scales (self-, and parent-reported). Gene-environment interactions (Mn transporter genotype x soil Mn) were evaluated using a genetic score in which genotypes for the three SNPs were combined based on their association with blood Mn, as an indication of their influence on Mn regulation.We observed differences in associations between soil Mn and neurobehavior between sexes. For several self-reported Conners' scales, girls showed U-shaped relationships with higher (worse) Conners' scoring at higher soil Mn levels, and several parent-reported scales showed positive linear relationships between increasing soil Mn and higher Conner's scores. For boys, we observed a positive linear relationship with soil Mn for one Conner's outcome only (hyperactivity, parent-reported). We also observed some interactions between soil Mn and the genetic score on Conner's scales in girls and girls with genotypes linked to high blood Mn showed particularly strong positive associations between soil Mn and parent-reported Conners' scales.Our results indicate that sex and polymorphisms in Mn transporter genes contribute to differences in sensitivity to Mn exposure from the environment and that girls that are genetically less efficient at regulating Mn, may be a particularly vulnerable group. Keywords: Manganese exposure, SLC30A10, SLC39A8, Gene-environment interactions, Neurodevelopment, ADHD

Background The, “Leaving No One Behind” report to address the Sustainable Development Goals, recommends approaches to reduce long-term vulnerability and generate sustainable, meaningful change. Evidence from Bangladesh points to a higher burden of tobacco related morbidity and mortality in “most at risk populations” with vulnerability largely due to social and economic disparities. Challenges in addressing tobacco with most at risk populations are lower access to information, low risk perceptions toward tobacco related diseases, and poor self-efficacy perceptions toward quitting. Targeted interventions to vulnerable groups may provide cost effective approaches to address these inequalities. Methods A tea-shop signage intervention was utilised in slum areas of Dhaka city. A street-intercept survey evaluation comprised a sample of 600 male and female tobacco users, aged 18 - 55-years randomly selected from 24 sites.. Measures included recall of the tea-shops signage and resultant knowledge, attitude, intention and cessation related indicators. Chi-square analyses and independent measures t-tests explored differences in predictor variables of vulnerability, income, education, gender and location. Results Findings identified high recall of the tea-shops lung cancer message (83%) and strong agreement by campaign aware groups that the signs: Make tobacco users see the real harms of their tobacco use (96%); Discuss the message with others (62%); Know about serious illnesses caused by tobacco (75%); Try to persuade others to stop using tobacco (64%), and; Makes me more confident to try to quit (76%). Comparisons of cessation related behaviours by campaign awareness; Tried to stop smoking during the past 2 months (59% vs 40%); Tried to stop smokeless tobacco (49% vs 35%); identified significant improvements in quit attempts (< 95%) and a number of positive correlations according to vulnerability indicators. Conclusions Targeted interventions in community settings to most at risk populations of tobacco users, can provide cost-effective approaches to support cessation related behaviors.

Background Effective message design is essential if lung health communication programs are to be cost efficient as well as meeting behavioural objectives. Strong and scientific methodology of message testing precedes development of any mass media campaign. There is a need of a careful combination of scientific content and marketing expertise to make a campaign effective and impactful. The most important component of any effective media campaign is to allow target audience to view, engage and respond to the campaign. Hence, adaptation and pre-testing of messages becomes important to test the comprehension, understanding and potential effectiveness of the campaign. Methods Twelve scripts were adapted from successful tobacco control communication programs conducted in high-income countries. The scripts were adapted to address smoking, smokeless tobacco use, and second-hand smoke, following which they were developed into animatics (animated video and audio executions) for ease of interpretation, and pre-tested through 20 FGDs with tobacco users and non-users conducted in India. Qualitative discussion and quantitative assessment was conducted through self-administered questionnaires with thirteen standardised items and 5 point Likert scales. Results Quantitative findings identified that a number of concepts for smoking/smokeless tobacco, and second-hand smoke scored consistently highly against indicators including: message was easy to understand, taught me something new, is believable, is relevant to my life, and; l would be likely to talk to someone else about this message. Qualitative findings provided insights into diagnostic amendments for the concepts. Conclusions Following analysis of findings, highly rated concepts were modified and final television and radio public service announcements were produced to support government of India, Cigarettes and Other Tobacco Product Act (COTPA) communication programs (sample animatics and final PSAs to be shared during the presentation).

Background Social media, synergised with mass media, may provide a powerful, low-cost channel of communication for public health interventions, including promotion of new policies such as graphic health warnings on tobacco packs. However, the evidence on the efficacy of social media to support tobacco control within low -and middle-income countries, is sparse. An innovative website was developed to examine the potential of social media to increase bridging and bonding of social capital and self-efficacy to quit, given the importance of providing cessation support services, which are seen as the 'weakest link' in WHOs MPOWER framework. Methods A population level, mass media campaign; “People Behind the Packs” was synergized with social media to raise awareness of new graphic health warnings and support tobacco cessation in Bangladesh. One website page contained four public service announcements featuring patients suffering from diseases depicted on new pack warnings. Another, “I can quit" page, provided quit tips from a doctor. Site metrics were reviewed and an online Survey Monkey questionnaire administered to explore attitudes and cessation related behaviors of tobacco users who accessed the webpages. Results Site metrics identified 100,410 (65% of website visitors) viewed the quit page immediately following the intervention, with around 24,000 (15%) accessing patient testimonial messages, and 20,474 (13%) signing the petition. Viewing by gender was balanced (46% females and 54% males) with 4.8 million “Likes” on campaign content on Facebook over the 6-week campaign period, with the top five posts reaching 1.68 million people. 1225 respondents completed the self-administered survey. Responses identified good discussion with others about quitting or cutting down (23%), intentions to cut-down (36%) or quit smoking (45%). Conclusions Social media can provide low-cost interventions to engage audiences, promote discussion, and support policy and cessation related behaviors. This impact may be increased when linked to other mass media campaign components.

Demonstration of the intra-vaginal ejaculation latency time (IELT) distribution in male subjects and its clinical expressions among couples in the Aegean region of the Turkey. Materials and Methods Subjects were recruited to the study from six different urologic centers in the Aegean region. During the enrollment period subjects were recruited in to two group according to presence of premature ejaculation (PE). PE diagnosis was made according to DSM-4 definition. Subjects and their partners were evaluated with patient reported outcome measures (PRO) related to the ejaculation-based questionnaire (Premature ejaculation patient profile questionnaire -PEPQ). Stopwatch measurements were also asked from each couple to record intravaginal ejaculation latency time (IELT). Couples who completed two clinical visits with 4 wk interval were recruited to the data analysis. Results Among 141 eligible subjects, mean age was 36.5±9.7 years and mean partner age was 32.9±9.8 years. Following the initial evaluation 80 subjects recruited to group 1(PE) and 41 subjects recruited to the group 2 (non-PE). Geometric mean IELT of the subjects was significantly differed between PE and non- PE group (64.7±66.8 vs. 521.5±414.7 seconds, p

Abstract: In the present study, polypyrrole/bentonite (PPy/Bnt) composite was synthesized into the Bnt interlayers by chemical oxidation polymerization. The irradiation process was carried out in air in a conventional gamma chamber, which uses a 60Co source, and the composite was exposed to a dose of 40 kGy. Effects of irradiation on the composite were investigated by means of FTIR, UV-visible absorption, TGA, XRD, SEM and temperature dependent electrical conductivity in the temperature range of 290-410 K. The initial decomposition temperature of pristine PPy/Bnt composite was found higher than irradiated PPy/Bnt composite. The XRD patterns revealed that the intensity of the peaks changed with irradiation. It was found from temperature dependent conductivity measurements that the radiation significantly influenced the conductivity of PPy/Bnt composite. The conductivity results show that dominant conduction mechanisms were hopping for both PPy/Bnt composite and irradiated samples due to wide range of localized states present near the Fermi level. Key words: Polypyrrole, bentonite, conducting composite, gamma irradiation. Polipirol/Bentonit İletken Kompozitine Radyasyon Etkilerinin Araştırılması Özet: Bu çalışmada, polipirol/bentonit (PPy/Bnt) kompoziti, Bnt tabakaları arasında kimyasal oksidasyon polimerizasyonu yoluyla sentezlendi. Radyasyon uygulaması 60Co kaynağının kullanıldığı bir gama çemberi içerisinde hava ortamında gerçekleştirildi ve kompozite 40 kGy doz uygulandı. Kompozite radyasyon etkileri, FTIR, UV, TGA, XRD, SEM ve 290-410 K sıcaklık aralığında sıcaklığa bağlı elektriksel iletkenlik ölçümleri ile incelendi. Saf PPy/Bnt kompozitinin başlangıç bozunma sıcaklığı radyasyona uğramış PPy/Bnt kompozitinden daha yüksek olduğu bulundu. XRD desenlerine ait pik yoğunluğunun radyasyon ile değiştiği görüldü. Sıcaklığa bağlı iletkenlik ölçümlerinden radyasyonlanma sonucunda, PPy/Bnt kompozitin iletkenliğinin önemli ölçüde etkilediği gözlendi. İletkenlik sonuçları, hem saf PPy/Bnt hem de radyasyona uğramış kompozitlerde baskın iletim mekanizmasının Fermi seviyesi civarındaki seviyeler arasında hoplama yolu ile olduğu göstermiştir. Anahtar kelimeler: Polipirol, bentonit, iletken kompozit, gama radyasyonu.

Asthma is one of the most common respiratory diseases in the world. Research has shown that temporal increases in air pollution concentrations can aggravate asthma symptoms. The aim of this study was to assess whether individuals living in areas with higher air pollution concentrations responded differently to short-term temporal exposure to air pollution than those living in lower air pollution areas.The study was designed as a case-crossover study in Scania, Sweden. Outcome data was visits to primary health care clinics with asthma as the main complaint during the years 2007 to 2010. Nitrogen dioxide levels were obtained from 21 different air pollution monitoring stations. Short-term exposure was defined as the average concentration four days prior to the visit. Data was pooled for areas above and below a two-year average NO2 concentration of 10 μg/m3, dispersion modelled with an emission database.The short-term association between NO2 and asthma visits seemed stronger in areas with NO2 levels below 10 μg/m3, with an odds ratio (OR) of 1.15 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.08-1.23) associated with a 10 μg/m3 increase in NO2 compared to areas above 10 μg/m3 NO2 levels, where corresponding OR of 1.09 (95% CI: 1.02-1.17). However, this difference was not statistically significant. (p = 0.13).The study provided some evidence, although not statistically significant, that short-term associations between air pollution and asthma may depend on background air pollution levels. However, we cannot rule out that the association is due to other spatially dependent factors in Scania. The study should be reproduced in other study areas.

Özet: Bu çalışmada, Scutellaria orientalis L. subsp. porphyrostegia Edmondson bitkisinden 7β,19-diasetoksi-6α,8β-dihidroksi-4α,18-epoksi-neo-klerod-13-en-15,16-olide bileşiğinin elde edilmesi ve bileşiğin kimyasal yapısının tayini amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla Scutellaria orientalis L. subsp. porphyrostegia Edmondson bitkisinin aseton ekstresi hazırlanmıştır. Bu ekstreden kromatografik yöntemler kullanılarak elde edilen bileşik saflaştırılmış ve yapısı tayin edilmiştir. Anahtar kelimeler: Scutellaria, Labiatae, doğal ürün ekstraksiyonu, Diterpenoid 7β,19-diacetoxy-6α,8β-dihydroxy-4α,18-epoxy-neo-clerod-13-en-15,16-olide, Isolated from Scutellaria orientalis L. subsp. porphyrostegia Edmondson Abstract: In this study, we aimed to obtain 7β,19-diasetoksi-6α,8β-dihidroksi-4α,18-epoksi-neo-klerod-13-en-15,16-olide compound from Scutellaria orientalis L. subsp. Porphyrostegia Edmondson and to designate of the chemical structure of compound. For this purpose, Scutellaria orientalis L. subsp. Porphyrostegia Edmondson plant's acetone extract was prepared. The compound which obtained from this extract using chromatographic methods was purified and it's structure was designated. Key words: Scutellaria, Labiatae, extraction of natural product, Diterpenoids

Abstract Background MEFV mutations and decreased expression level of the gene are related to FMF pathology. DNA methylation at CpG islands is a well-known mechanism for transcriptional silencing. MEFV has a CpG island, spanning a part of the first intron and the whole of the second exon of the gene covering 998 bp region. Here, we tested the hypothesis that the MEFV transcript level in FMF patients correlates with its methylation level, and methylation, by allowing transcription silencing, has a role in FMF ethiopathogenesis. Methods The study group was composed of pediatric FMF patients (N = 51) and age-gender matched healthy controls (N = 21). The relative expression level of MEFV was assessed via quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and bisulfite sequencing (BS) was performed to analyse the methylation level quantitatively. Results MEFV expression in FMF patients were decreased compared to healthy controls (P = 0.031). Methylation level of exon 2 of MEFV was found to be slightly higher in FMF patients compared to healthy controls (76% versus 74%) (P = 0.049). The expression level of the MEFV was negatively correlated with the methylation level of the CpG island in both FMF and healthy controls groups (cor = -0.29, P = 0.041) but more so in the FMF only group (cor = -0.36, P = 0.035). Conclusions In this study, the relation between reduced MEFV expression level and FMF was confirmed. Observed slight increase in methylation in FMF patients, and correlation of methylation with expression might be indicative of its role in FMF, however a larger dataset is needed to confirm our preliminary findings.

Hyperspectral image (HSI) data has a wide range of valuable spectral information for numerous tasks. HSI data encounters challenges such as small training samples, scarcity, and redundant information. Researchers have introduced various research works to address these challenges. Convolution Neural Network (CNN) has gained significant success in the field of HSI classification. CNN's primary focus is to extract low-level features from HSI data, and it has a limited ability to detect long-range dependencies due to the confined filter size. In contrast, vision transformers exhibit great success in the HSI classification field due to the use of attention mechanisms to learn the long-range dependencies. As mentioned earlier, the primary issue with these models is that they require sufficient labeled training data. To address this challenge, we proposed a spectral-spatial feature extractor group attention transformer that consists of a multiscale feature extractor to extract low-level or shallow features. For high-level semantic feature extraction, we proposed a group attention mechanism. Our proposed model is evaluated using four publicly available HSI datasets, which are Indian Pines, Pavia University, Salinas, and the KSC dataset. Our proposed approach achieved the best classification results in terms of overall accuracy (OA), average accuracy (AA), and Kappa coefficient. As mentioned earlier, the proposed approach utilized only 5%, 1%, 1%, and 10% of the training samples from the publicly available four datasets., (© 2024. The Author(s).)

The design and development of fluorescent materials for detecting cancer-related enzymes are crucial for cancer diagnosis and treatment. Herein, we present a substituted rhodamine derivative for the chromogenic and fluorogenic detection of the cancer-relevant enzyme γ -glutamyltranspeptidase (GGT). Initially, the probe is non-chromic and non-emissive due to its spirolactam form, which hinders extensive electronic delocalization over broader pathway. However, selective enzymatic cleavage of the side-coupled group triggers spirolactam ring opening, resulting in electronic flow across the rhodamine skeleton, and reduces the band gap for low-energy electronic transitions. This transformation turns the reaction mixture from colorless to intense pink, with prominent UV and fluorescence bands. The sensor's selectivity was tested against various human enzymes, including urease, alkaline phosphatase, acetylcholinesterase, tyrosinase, and cyclooxygenase, and showed no response. Absorption and fluorescence titration analyses of the probe upon incremental addition of GGT into the probe solution revealed a consistent increase in both absorption and emission spectra, along with intensified pink coloration. The cellular toxicity of the receptor was evaluated using the MTT assay, and bioimaging analysis was performed on BHK-21 cells, which produced bright red fluorescence, demonstrating the probe's excellent cell penetration and digestion capabilities for intracellular analytical detection. Molecular docking results supported the fact that probe-4 made stable interactions with the GGT active site residues.

Background: Limited data exist on the role of coronary collaterals circulation (CCC) in patients with ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome (STE-ACS). This study aimed to assess CCC and the in-hospital course of patients with CCC undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention (pPCI)., Methods: The study included consecutive STE-ACS patients undergoing pPCI. Good CCC was defined as Rentrop collateral score (RCS) of 2-3. Patients with good and poor CCC were compared regarding clinical characteristics, angiographic patterns, and hospital course., Results: In the sample of 4683 patients, mean age was 55.6 ± 11 years, and 78.8 % were male. Good CCC was observed in 499 (10.7 %) patients. The rate of intra-procedure slow-flow/no-reflow (SF/NR) was 29.9 % vs. 20.5 % (p < 0.001), and the rate of composite adverse clinical outcomes (CACO) was 21.2 % vs. 19 % (p = 0.225) for patients with good and poor CCC, respectively. Multivariable analysis identified left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP), multi-vessel disease (MVD), and thrombus grade ≥4 as independent predictors of good CCC, with adjusted odds ratios of 0.98 [0.97-0.99], 1.69 [1.35-2.10], and 3.45 [2.64-4.52], respectively. In propensity-matched cohorts, the intra-procedure SF/NR rate was 29.9 % vs. 26.9 % (p = 0.292), and the rate of CACO was 21.2 % vs. 23.4 % (p = 0.403) for patients with good and poor CCC, respectively., Conclusion: Angiographic evidence of good CCC in STE-ACS patients was limited. Good CCC was associated with a higher prevalence of MVD, high thrombus burden, and low pre-procedure LVEDP, resulting in a higher incidence of intra-procedure SF/NR. However, the CACO did not differ significantly between patients with good and poor CCC., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024. Published by Elsevier, a division of RELX India, Pvt. Ltd.)