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Egg yolk and margarine are commonly applied in starchy food processing as a lipid source. Both may affect the starch properties to different extent. Therefore, the effects of adding egg yolk (0.3, 1.0, and 1.7 g/100 g of flour) and margarine (1, 3, and 5 g/100 g of flour) to banana flour on the complex formation of gelatinized starch–lipid and on paste functional properties were investigated in this study. Native banana flour was used as a control. The complexing index (CI) value increased with the increasing egg yolk or margarine content in the paste. Egg yolk lipids formed complexes with flour starch more favorably than margarine lipids. The heat-moisture treatment (HMT) of banana flour increased its ability to form a complex. Complex formation may partly affect the swelling volume (SV) and freeze-thaw stability (FTS) of pastes. The decrease in SV was smaller in the paste with egg yolk than with margarine. Egg yolk also led to a lesser syneresis and solubility than margarine. For freeze-thaw stability, the interplay roles between the reducing effect of lipid addition and the increasing effect of HMT led to an increased syneresis suggesting that HMT factor prevailed. The reducing effect of lipid addition on egg yolk complex solubility predominated the increasing impact of HMT. Lipid source did not affect pasting properties except set back viscosity. HMT-pretreatment played a major role in the alteration of pasting properties compared to the lipid content.

Garlic (Allium sativum L.) is a type of spice derived from layered tubers, widely used as a source of flavour, taste, and cooking spices. Garlic is a therapeutic ingredient rich in bioactive compounds and antioxidants. The purpose of compiling this review is to provide information about bioactive compounds in garlic as a source of bioactive compounds and their potential to improve the immune system. This review also discussed the various effects of garlic processing on the stability and activity of bioactive compounds and the changes that occur during storage. Garlic contains high levels of organosulfur compounds, micronutrient selenium (Se), and flavonoids. The bioactive compounds in garlic are generally extracted using ethanol as a solvent. Food processing treatments such as boiling, frying, and others can have a positive impact on the organosulfur compounds. Organosulfur levels correlate with changes in antioxidant capacity and activity. The bioactive compounds of garlic can potentially boost the immune system or act as immunostimulants.

Kelapa ( Cocos nucifera ) merupakan salah satu tanaman perkebunan yang banyak tumbuh di Indonesia dan memiliki banyak manfaat. Salah satu produk dari buah kelapa adalah Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO) yang dapat dimanfaatkan menjadi bahan baku lotion . Krim lotion adalah bentuk emulsi setengah padat yang digunakan sebagai pelembab atau pemakaian pelindung pada kulit. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah : (1) menentukan metode isolasi VCO yang tepat, sehingga dihasilkan rendemen tertinggi dan karakteristik yang baik, (2) menentukan rasio antara VCO dan air yang tepat dalam pembuatan lotion . Penelitian tahap I, yaitu menentukan metode isolasi VCO terdiri atas empat perlakuan, yaitu (1) metode asam, (2) metode enzimatis, (3) metode pengocokan dengan mixer , dan (4) metode sentrifugasi. Pengamatan pada VCO yang dihasilkan, yaitu rendemen, asam lemak bebas, dan kadar air. Penelitian tahap II, yaitu menentukan perbandingan VCO dan air, yaitu 0:83,4; 2:2,17; 2,25:1,92; 2,5:1,67; 2,75:1,42; dan 3:1,17. Pengamatan pada lotion meliputi uji homogenitas, uji stabilitas, uji pH, bobot jenis, dan uji organoleptik. Pengujian karakteristik VCO dan lotion dilakukan analisis dengan ANOVA dan dilanjutkan dengan uji Duncan dan uji Games Howell . Hasil penelitian menunjukkan metode isolasi pengocokan dengan mixer menghasilkan rendemen tertinggi, kadar air dan asam lemak bebas yang memenuhi standar SNI, sehingga metode tersebut diaplikasikan dalam pembuatan lotion. Lotion yang memiliki nilai karakteristik mutu sesuai SNI dan organoleptik yang disukai adalah lotion dengan rasio penambahan VCO dan air 3:1,17 dengan nilai yang mendekati dengan lotion komersial. Kata Kunci : Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO); Sediaan Kosmetika; Lo ti on ABSTRACT Coconut (Cocos nucifera) is one of the most widely grown plantation crops in Indonesia and has many benerfits. One of the products from coconut fruit is Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO) which can be used as a raw material for lotion. A lotion cream is a form of semi-solid emulsion that is used as a moisturizer or protective use on the skin. The purpose of this study are: (1) determining the right method of isolating VCO with the highest yield value and good characteristics are produced, (2) determining ratio between VCO and water that is appropriate for lotion. Phase I research, determine isolation method of VCO that consisted of four treatments, namely (1) the acidic method, (2) enzymatic method, (3) stirring with mixer method, and (4) centrifugation method. Analysis on the VCO produce are determining yield, water content, and free fatty acids. Phase II research, determine the ratio of VCO and water are 0:83,4 ; 2:2,17 ; 2,25:1,92 ; 2,5:1,67 ; 2,75:1,42 ; and 3:1,17. Analysis on lotions are homogeneity tests, stability tests, pH tests, specific gravity, and organoleptic tests. Testing the characteristics of VCO and lotion was analyzed by ANOVA and continued with Duncan test and Games Howell test. The results showed that the method of stirring isolation with mixer produced the highest yield, water content, and free fatty acids in accordance with SNI standards, so the method was applied in making lotions. Lotions that have quality characteristics according to SNI and organoleptics preferred are lotions with ratio of VCO and water additions 3:1,17, because that values closes to commercial lotions. Keyword : Virgin Coconut Oil; Cosmetics; Lotion

Jambu biji merupakan jenis tanaman yang memiliki banyak khasiat terutama pada bagian daunnya. Daun jambu biji dikenal memiliki kandungan senyawa yang dapat digunakan sebagai antibakteri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah didalam daun jambu biji yang telah melewati proses ekstraksi maserasi mengandung senyawa antibakteri seperti saponin, tanin, dan flavonoid. Ekstraksi dilakukan selama 24 jam dan hasil maserasi dievaporasi menggunakan rotary evaporator untuk mendapatkan hasil ekstrak yang pekat. Rendemen ekstrak yang didapatkan dengan tiga kali pengulangan tanpa adanya pembeda adalah sebesar 4.57%, 4.52% dan 3.99%. Hasil pengujian fitokimia pada ekstrak daun jambu biji menunjukan bahwa ekstrak tersebut memiliki kandungan senyawa antibakteri yaitu saponin, tanin, dan flavonoid.

Adlay is a minor cereal which utilization is not optimal in Indonesia. Adlay grains have natural antioxidants in the form of phenolic compounds and flavonoids found in bran, husk, and testa. Purpose of this study was to determine the type of adlay bran extraction solvent that produced the highest antioxidant activity. The study used an experimental method with a randomized block design (RBD) consisting of 3 treatments that were repeated 4 times, namely extraction with (1) ethanol solvent; (2) n-hexane solvent; and (3) ethanol solvent then the waste is extracted again with hexane solvent. The extract obtained was analyzed for its antioxidant activity by DPPH method, total phenol, total tocopherol and yield. The results showed extracts from ethanol solvents produced the highest antioxidant activity where IC 50 values were 771.73 ppm, but categorized as antioxidants with very weak activity. The extraction of adlay bran with ethanol solvent resulted in a yield of 1.91%, total phenol of 0.92%, and total tocopherol 0.09 mg / mL

Probiotic yog h urt is one of dairy product s that has benefits to the human health . This research aim ed to understand the effect of skim milk concentration on the sensory quality traits and pH of probiotic yoghurt added with red dragon fruit ( Hylocereus polyrhizus ) dices prior to the fermentation. The research method was experimental method with 4 treatments and 3 replications in a completely randomized group design. The data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance followed by D uncan ’s multiple range test at P

The study aims to determine the number of mass and antioxidant activity of β-glucan extracted from S.cerevisieae which grown on vegetable and fruit wastes. The method used is experimental with descriptive analysis which consisted of 3 treatments namely banana waste, papaya waste, and napa cabbage waste as fermentation medium, repeated thrice. Fermentation medium was made by mixing waste with water with the ratio of 1:2. Ten percent (w/v) of S.cerevisieae was inoculated and incubated for 48 hours, at 27 ℃. Extraction of β-glucan was carried out using acid-alkaline methods and antioxidant activity was tested by DPPH (2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrayl) method and the microstructure of β-glucan is determined by Scanning Electrone Microscope. The result showed that the best medium in producing β-glucan was papaya waste which resulting 19.094 g β-glucan mass, with radical scavenging activity of 20.71 % and globular diameter of 533 μm.

Adlay (Coix lacryma–jobi L.) is one of the cereals that can be developed into slowdigesting instant food. The degree of milling and moisture content of cereals can affect the digestibility of the food products. The purpose of this study was to determine the proper degree of milling and moisture content of adlay seeds so that a puffing product with high slowly digestible starch (SDS) content and organoleptic characteristics acceptable to the panelists was produced. This study used an experimental method consisting of two main treatments: the degree of milling (whole grain and polished) and the moisture content of adlay seeds (10%, 13%, 16%, and 19%). In vitro digestibility was measured by used pancreatic porcine α-amylase. The results showed that puffed adlay with the highest SDS and organoleptic characteristics that were still acceptable to the panelists was puffed polished adlay with an initial moisture content of 13%. The adlay puffed had SDS of about 35.98%, hardness 2795.83 gf, degree of gelatinization 67.90%, the moisture content of 5.94%, and rehydration power of 59.40%. The preferences for color, taste, aroma, and after-taste of adlay puffed were in the normal category while the texture was in the preferred category.

Ketahanan pangan adalah kondisi terpenuhinya pangan bagi negara sampai dengan perseorangan, yang tercermin dari tersedianya pangan yang cukup, baik jumlah maupun mutunya, aman, beragam, bergizi, merata, dan terjangkau serta tidak bertentangan dengan agama, keyakinan, dan budaya masyarakat, untuk dapat hidup sehat, aktif, dan produktif secara berkelanjutan. Ketahanan pangan mempunyai 3 indikator penting yaitu ketersediaan pangan, akses pangan serta mutu pangan. Ketersediaan pangan artinya pangan harus tersedia dari sumber alami baik melalui produksi pangan, penggarapan lahan atau peternakan, atau dengan cara lain untuk memperoleh pangan, seperti memancing, berburu atau mengumpulkan makanan. Akses pangan artinya akses ekonomi dan fisik kepada pangan harus dijamin. Aksesibilitas ekonomi berarti harga pangan harus terjangkau. Mutu pangan artinya pangan tersebut harus bergizi dan kondisi masyarakatnya yang dapat menyerap gizi dari pangan itu sendiri. Food security quotient (FSQ) merupakan modifikasi dari metode Location quotient (LQ) yang dapat mentukan komoditas basis agar dapat memilih memilah variabel yang diprioritaskan dan tidak diprioritaskan namun menggunakan variabel yang berpengaruh pada 3 indikator ketahan pangan tersebut. Rata – rata kondisi ketahanan pangan Jawa Barat Wilayah IV berada pada kondisi tahan pangan dengan nilai FSQ 0,951. Daerah dengan kondisi sangat tahan pangan yaitu Kabupaten Garut, Kabupaten Bandung, Kabupaten Tasikmalaya dan Kabupaten Sumedang. Daerah dengan kondisi tahan pangan yaitu Kabupaten Ciamis, Kabupaten Bandung Barat, Kabupaten Pangandaran, Kota Bandung, Kota Cimahi, Kota Tasikmalaya dan Kota Banjar. Namun jika ditilik lebih dalam, masih banyak variabel – variabel dari daerah – daerah tersebut yang masih butuh penanganan dan strategi untuk menunjang ketahanan pangan.

Crystalline pattern, granular morphology, physicochemical and pasting properties of banana starch and flour from three cooking banana cultivars (Kapas, Kepok and Nangka) and one dessert banana cultivar (Ambon) were compared. The result showed that cooking banana had a B-type crystalline pattern, while the dessert banana exhibited a C-type crystalline pattern. The flour exhibited higher crystallinity than the extracted starch. Nangka and Ambon starches possessed similar crystallinity (33–34%) while the crystallinity of Kapas starch (38.6%) was close to that of Kepok starch (39.4%). Elongated shape was typical of the starch granules of Kapas while spheroidal shape was seen in the rest of the cultivars. Cultivar did not significantly affect the swelling volume (SV) and solubility (except in Ambon cultivar) (p > .05) but determined water absorption capacity (WAC) and freeze-thaw stability (FTS) (p > .05). Ambon cultivar was the most stable to retrogradation while Kepok was the least stable which may be attributed to the different contents of amylose. Pasting properties, color and texture characteristics of starch were dependent on their cultivars and the presence of non-starch components. Non-starch contents increased the functional properties, pasting point and breakdown viscosity but decreased texture characteristics and setback viscosity. Kepok was the most resistant to gelatinization. Overall granule shape and starch crystalline type did not play any role in the different responses to the properties examined in the study but amylose content may have contributed to the freeze-thaw stability while crystallinity may have affected the starch pasting point.

Meatballs beef is a processed-meat product which has distinctive texture characteristic and is classified as perishable food products. Microbiological and physico-chemical properties are essential factors in determining the quality of meat products, and one of the things affecting the quality is the interaction between smoke and food components. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of liquid smoke on the microbiological and physico -chemical properties of beef meatballs during storage. The research method used explanatory research with five treatments and three replications and analyzed with a regression model. Beef meatballs without the addition of liquid smoke were used as controls, while the addition of liquid smoke 1.0 %, 1.5%, 2.5%, 2.5%, and 3.0% were used as treatments. The parameters analyzed consisted of pH, total microbial number, color, and texture profile of beef meatballs. The storage time significantly has a negative effect on the pH value but has a positive effect on the total microbial number and texture parameters (hardness, springiness, cohesiveness, and gumminess). Increased liquid smoke concentrations in beef meatballs can significantly reduce microbe damage, maintain texture during storage, and increase the total color difference. Liquid smoke can be used as a natural preservative alternative, which is safe for beef meatballs. However, it must be considered about consumers' preference for the smoky aroma and flavor obtained.

Tea, breadfruit, and piper betle leaves contain bioactive components that have a function as an antibacterial. The purpose of this study was to determine the type of leaf extract that has the highest inhibition power against Proponibacterium acnes and determine the concentration of the selected extract for mask applications that have good physical characteristics and acceptable to panelists. Extraction of tea, breadfruit, and piper betel leaves were carried out with 96% ethanol solvent using maceration method for 24 hours and concentrated with a rotary evaporator. Thick extracts contribute to antibacterial activity by disk diffusion method and total phenolic content. The selected extract was formulated into a clay mask with concentration of 0.5%, 1%, and 1.5%. The result showed that breadfruit leaf extract had the highest inhibition power against Propionibacterium acnes which was 10.844 ± 0.327 mm (strong inhibition category) so that extract can be applied to clay mask. Breadfruit leaf extract concentration of 1.5% was the chosen formulation because it meets the standards, approved by the panelists and the most effective antibacterial for acne problems.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari perubahan sifat fisikokimia tepung jagung yang diberi perlakuan lama pemasakan slurry jagung dan mengaplikasikan tepung jagung pragelatinisasi tersebut dalam pembuatan bubur instan. Penelitian menggunakan Rancakan Acak Lengkap faktor tunggal dengan lima perlakuan yang terdiri dari lama pemasakan slurry jagung 0, 5, 10, 15 dan 20 menit. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan lama pemasakan memberikan pengaruh yang signifikan (p ≤ 0,05) terhadap kekuatan gel, densitas kamba, swelling volume , solubility, kapasitas penyerapan air, wettability , kadar air, kadar protein kasar, dan kadar karbohidrat tepung jagung pragelatinisasi, namun tidak berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap kadar abu dan kadar lemaknya. Swelling volume, solubility , kapasitas penyerapan air dan kadar air cenderung meningkat dengan semakin lamanya pemasakan. Sebaliknya, kekuatan gel, densitas kamba, wettability, kadar protein kasar dan kadar karbohidrat cenderung menurun. Bubur jagung instan Formulasi B memiliki kandungan zat gizi makro yang sudah sesuai dengan SNI. Kedua formulasi bubur jagung instan memiliki sifat fisik yang baik, daya cerna protein 87,54-88,67% bk dan daya cerna pati 82,89-83,87% bk. Sifat organoleptik untuk kedua formulasi bubur jagung instan tidak berbeda secara signifikan dengan sifat organoleptik bubur instan komersial, kecuali kesukaan terhadap warna dan aroma. Kata kunci : tepung jagung, lama pemasakan, pragelatinisasi, sifat fisikokimia, bubur instan

Tepung bonggol pisang batu merupakan komoditas lokal yang dapat digunakan untuk pembuatan cookies, sebagai pengsubtitusi tepung terigu.Tepung bonggol pisang batu memiliki rasa yang sepat sehingga diperlukan bahan tambahan lain untuk menguranginya dengan menambahkan tepung jagung dengan perbandingan 50 : 50. Penambahan tepung kacang kedelai merupakan salah satu upaya untuk meningkatkan kadar protein cookies dari tepung bonggol pisang batu dan tepung jagung yang belum sesuai dengan Standar Nasional Indonesia. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk menentukan jumlah tepung kacang kedelai yang ditambahkan pada tepung campuran bonggol pisang batu dan jagung sehingga dihasilkan cookies yang memiliki kadar protein sesuai SNI dan karakteristik yang disukai oleh panelis. Metode penelitian yaitu dengan metode deskriptif dengan 4 perlakuan. Perlakuan terdiri dari penambahan tepung kacang kedelai 15%b/b, 20%b/b, 25%b/b, 30%b/b. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan tepung kacang kedelai 30% memberikan karakteristik cookies terbaik yaitu : kadar air 3,15% , kadar abu 3,76%, kadar protein 8,63%, kadar lemak 45,65%, kadar serat 10,27%, dan kesukaan terhadap warna, rasa, aroma, kerenyahan dan penampakan keseluruhan yang disukai panelis. Kata kunci : Tepung bonggol pisang batu, tepung jagung, tepung kacang kedelai, cookies

Honey is believed as functional food. Honey is very viscous fluid and make it difficult to flow. Rheological properties of honey is an important parameter to control and process design in food industry where honey used as food ingredients. Rheology is the study of flow and deformation properties of a material when pressure given to it intentionally or naturally. The majority of fluid foods had flow behavior best modelled with power law model which divide fluid into three models: Newtonian and non-Newtonian (Dilatant and Pseudo plastic). The purpose of this study was to examine the rheological characteristics of honey and the effect of temperature on viscosity as well as knowing how accurate the rheological model used (Power Law) to analyze the fluidity properties of honey. The method used is an experimental method with a descriptive analysis. The results showed that the honey used in this study has showed pseudo plastic flow properties with a flow behavior index value of 0.95 ( τ = 6318.46 γ 0.947 ) . Effect of temperature on the viscosity of honey showed that the viscosity of honey decreases with increasing temperature and best modeled with Arrhenius equation ( μ = 1.05 × 10 − 10 e 76.01 1 8.314 T ) . The results of honey flow simulation through the vertical glass tube transport system showed a very high degree of accuracy when compared with the actual results (99.57 %).

Adlay or Job’s tears ( Coix lachryma-jobi var ma-yuen ) is one of minor cereals that is not used widely in Indonesia. Research on Adlay as a source of carbohydrate for diabetes patient is rarely found. Diabetes patient needs low Glycemic Index (GI) carbohydrate. As a source of carbohydrate for diabetes, Adlay has not yet been explored. The objective of this research was to determine Adlay processing method, which resulted in low GI product. In this research, first of all, Adlay was processed in three different treatments: (1) cooked with excessive water, like cooking rice; (2) puffed; and (3) flaked. The GI and gelatinization degree of the three types of processed products were then analyzed. Second of all, the ratio of margarine and sucrose in the Adlay flour and the ratio of water and coconut milk in flake products were determined. Biscuits and flakes were then analyzed using hedonic test involving 20 panelists to determine the preferred taste, flavor, texture, and appearance. The GI was then analyzed on the best result gained based on this test. The result showed that the processing method which resulted in low GI was flake (GI 51.3), with gelatinization degree of 35.6 %. Also, based on hedonic test, biscuits which were made of Adlay flour with margarine and sucrose ratio of 1:0.75 was the best one. Meanwhile, the best water and coconut milk ratio was 1: 1. The GIs of both biscuits (GI 40) and flake (GI 36) was low (< 55).

In general, native sweet potato starch has inferior characteristics such as it swells easily, does not gel firmly and low paste clarity. The characteristics of native sweet potato starch cause limitation in its utilization. This research aimed to study the effect of physically modified starch on the functional and amylographic properties of native sweet potato starch. The study used a descriptive method with 4 treatments and 2 replications: a) a native sweet potato starch, b) sweet potato modified starch by heat moisture treatment, c) sweet potato starch modified by annealing and d) sweet potato starch modified by pre-gelatinization. The results showed that all three treatments modified starches largely alter the functional and amylographic properties of native sweet potato starch. Heat moisture treated and annealed sweet potato had starches with decreased swelling volume, solubility, peak viscosity, and breakdown viscosity, increased pasting temperature and setback viscosity than its native starch. Pre-gelatinized sweet potato starch has lower bulk density, peak viscosity, breakdown viscosity, setback viscosity and increased swelling volume, solubility and water absorption capacity than its native starch. Key word: functional properties; amylographic properties; sweet potato starch; physically modified

Since the beginning of the 21 th century, demand for natural food additives especially food colorant has increased sharply. The natural one were considered safer, while the synthetic ones are less safe. One source of natural food colorant is anthocyanin pigments from purple sweet potato ( Ipomoea batatas L.). Anthocyanins have good stability at acidic pH especially pH 2-4 so that it can be applied for food products such as beverages with low pH like jelly drink. Nevertheless, anthocyanins are very sensitive to the temperature and light. It is thus important to store food containing anthocyanins in proper condition. The purpose of this study was to determine the proper storage conditions and to predict shelf life of jelly drinks containing encapsulated anthocyanin pigments from purple sweet potato. This research used experimental methods by regression analysis of four treatments and four replications. The treatments were storage of jelly drink in (1) Room temperature with light exposure ( 25 o C±2 o C ) , (2) Room temperature without light exposure (25 o C±2 o C), (3) Refrigerator temperature with light exposure (5 o C±2 o C) and (4 ) Refrigerator temperature without light exposure (5 o C±2 o C). Parameters analysed were: (a) intensity of red color; (b) total anthocyanins; (c) pH value. Observations were made on days 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30. The results showed that the temperature and light affected the decrease in colour intensity, and total anthocyanins of jelly drink. The best treatment was stored at refrigerator temperatures without light exposure, has the smallest decreasing of total anthocyanins (46,03% ) and decreasing of red intensity (3,19 %) during 30 days storage in which the shelf life spanned to around 200 days based on the color intensity. Keyword : anthocyanins pigments; purple sweet potato; regression analysis

Karakteristik pati jagung alami memiliki kekurangan diantaranya tidak larut dalam air dingin, kestabilan yang rendah, terjadinya pengentalan setelah pemasakan dan retrogradasi sehingga aplikasinya menjadi terbatas dalam industri. Cara untuk mengatasi kekurangan tersebut adalah dengan memodifikasi pati jagung menjadi maltodekstrin melalui hidrolisis asam. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan waktu hidrolisis yang tepat untuk menghasilkan maltodekstrin dari pati jagung ( Zea mays ) yang memiliki karakteristik sesuai Standar Nasional Indonesia. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode eksperimen menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok. Variasi lama waktu hidrolisis yang digunakan adalah 20, 25, 30, dan 35 menit. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa waktu hidrolisis 35 menit pada suhu 80oC dan konsentrasi HCl 1,35% menghasilkan maltodekstrin paling baik dengan nilai DE 16,12, rendemen 75,83%, dan viskositas 65 mpass. Maltodekstrin tersebut memiliki beberapa karakteristik yang sesuai Standar Nasional Indonesia diantaranya derajat asam 1,89%, kadar serat kasar 0,10%, kadar air 8,29%, serta warna putih kekuningan dengan nilai L sebesar 82,90 sedangkan kriteria yang belum sesuai standar diantaranya kelarutan dalam air dingin 86,79%, kadar abu 1,79% dan kehalusan 80 mesh sebesar 55,48%.

Structured lipid with saturated fatty acid (SFA) at outer position and polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) at sn-2 position has good dietary and stabilized characteristics. In this research structured lipids was synthesized by enzymatic transesterification between fish oil and milk fat. The reaction was catalyzed by lipase from Candida antartica that has randomized specificity to inter esterification. The factor substrat ratio of fish oil and milk fat were studied. Reaction operated at 40 oC for 4 hours, and the enzim concentration was 10 % by substrat. Composition of fatty acid, regiospecificity position of fatty acid, and glyceride profile were determinate. The results showed that the substrat ratio of fish oil: milk fat affect the composition of structured lipid. The more of milk fat added showed that composition saturated fatty acids on structured lipid was increased but the unsaturated fatty acids wasdecreased. The regiospecificity of structured lipid showed that saturated fatty acid has tendency at outer position and unsaturatedfatty acid at sn-2 position and optimum at ratio fish oil: milk fat was 1 : 3 (w/w). In the ratio fish-oil: milk fat 1:3 produced structured lipids in which the sn-2 incorporated by unsaturated fatty acids such as oleic, EPA, and DHA was 22.9; 3.3, and 2.2% respectively. While in position sn-1, 3 incorporated mostly medium chain and saturated fatty acids such as capric, lauric, myristic, palmitic, and stearic acid 5.0; 7.0; 16.6; 31.7, and 9.9 % respectively. The ratio substrate did not affect the profil of glyceride on structured lipid. Triglyceride tend to decreased, and the diglyceride and monogliceride was increased with an increase of milk fat on substrate but not significantly. Structured lipid showed the characteristic like milk fat but high nutrition because rich of PUFA at sn-2 position, so this product may can applied on milk fortification.