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The article looks at Peru's negotiation policies with American dissidents during Spain's Liberal Triennium between 1820 and 1823. Details relating to Peruvian viceroys Joaquín de la Pezuela's and José de la Serna's directions to Argentinian General José de San Martín to attempt negotiations to establish unity with Spain are discussed by the author. Spanish King Fernando VII's willingness to abide by the Spanish Constitution of 1812 and Peru's compliance with the same constitution are addressed. The restoration of the integrity of the Spanish monarchy, military pacification, and the mediation of Great Britain are discussed by the author.

Criticizes Thomas Jefferson's writings over the Missouri Crisis of 1819-1821. Review of the standard interpretation over the Missouri controversy; Jefferson's summary of the crisis to South Carolina Congressman Charles Pinckney; Jefferson's letters of 1820-1821; Description of Jefferson's behavior on the crisis as intentional and ideologically bankrupt.

Presents a study of debates on the Seminole War issue in the second session of the Fifteenth Congress in the American Republic on November 17, 1818. Explanation of military activities undertaken against the Seminole Indians in Spanish Florida; Party unity, sectionalism and expansionism during the first James Monroe administration.