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To investigate the protective effect of blackberry anthocyanins (BA), tea polyphenols (TP), and their binary mixture on the oxidative stability of edible oils during storage, BA, TP, and their binary mixture were added to lard and olive oil. The changes in peroxide value (PV), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), acid value (AV), and scavenging capacity of DPPH and ABTS•+ of oil samples were evaluated during accelerated storage. BA were found to have a remarkable capability to enhance antioxidant properties, delay lipid oxidation, and inhibit the deterioration both of lard and olive oil at high-temperature processes. Furthermore, the antioxidant synergistic effect of BA and TP was found both in lard and olive oil for the first time. All these results suggested that BA and its combination with TP might possess the potential value to protect the quality of edible oils.

The dual epidemic of obesity and diabetes mellitus is becoming an important worldwide public health issue. “Diabesity” is the term used to describe the combined detrimental health effects of both diabetes mellitus and obesity/overweight. Currently, food-derived bioactive compounds are suggested to alleviate diabesity. Blueberries are rich in bioactive anthocyanins, which are associated with contributing to preventing obesity and diabetes mellitus. However, the accurate active compounds and the underlying mechanism are still unclear. The objective of this study was to investigate the beneficial effects of blueberry anthocyanin on diabesity. In total, five anthocyanins (delphinidin-3-O-galactoside, delphinidin-3-O-glucoside, petunidin-3-O-galactoside, petunidin-3-O-glucoside, and malvidin-3-O-galactoside) were isolated from rabbiteye blueberry (Vaccinium virgatum) cultivar “Garden blue.” All these anthocyanins exhibited oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC), scavenging power of ABTS+, and DPPH-free radical and inhibitory activity of α-glucosidase in vitro. Moreover, some compounds improved glucose uptake and attenuated lipid accumulation in high glucose and oleic acid-treated HepG2 cells. All these results suggest that blueberry anthocyanins have potential antioxidant, hypoglycemic, and hypolipidemic effects, which may benefit the treatment of diabesity.

Objectives: The hepatitis A vaccine (HepA) has been included in the national expanded program on immunization (EPI) in China since 2008. This study was performed to evaluate the change in dynamics of the seroepidemiology of hepatitis A virus (HAV) before and after the introduction of the program. Methods: The trends in seroepidemiology of anti-HAV antibodies were examined in Shandong Province, China, drawing on two population-based samples of persons aged 1–59 years, one obtained in the year 2006 (n = 6682) and the other in 2014 (n = 5095). Results: A dramatic increase in seroprevalence of anti-HAV antibodies from 30.76% (95% confidence interval (CI) 26.24–35.28%) to 77.46% (95% CI 74.04–80.87%) among children aged 1.5–7 years (born after HepA was recommended for routine childhood immunization), as well as an increase from 35.32% (95% CI 29.31–41.33%) to 66.69% (95% CI 55.59–77.80%) in subjects aged 8–14 years, was observed in 2014 when compared with 2006. By contrast, a decline in seroprevalence among subjects aged 15–29 years, as seen particularly in those 20–29 years of age, from 85.72% (95% CI 80.29–91.14%) to 69.24% (95% CI 62.02–76.45%), was found in this study. There was no statistically significant difference in seroprevalence between 2006 and 2014 among the subjects older than 30 years of age. Conclusions: The national HepA routine immunization program has had a positive effect, leading to an increase in anti-HAV seroprevalence among children in Shandong Province, China. More attention should be paid to young adults in the province. Keywords: Hepatitis A, Hepatitis A vaccine, Seroprevalence, Epidemiology