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1. Revisiting Space Mission Planning: A Reinforcement Learning-Guided Approach for Multi-Debris Rendezvous

Author

Bandyopadhyay, Agni and Waxenegger-Wilfing, Guenther

Subjects
Computer Science - Machine Learning, Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence, Computer Science - Robotics
Abstract

This research introduces a novel application of a masked Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO) algorithm from the field of deep reinforcement learning (RL), for determining the most efficient sequence of space debris visitation, utilizing the Lambert solver as per Izzo's adaptation for individual rendezvous. The aim is to optimize the sequence in which all the given debris should be visited to get the least total time for rendezvous for the entire mission. A neural network (NN) policy is developed, trained on simulated space missions with varying debris fields. After training, the neural network calculates approximately optimal paths using Izzo's adaptation of Lambert maneuvers. Performance is evaluated against standard heuristics in mission planning. The reinforcement learning approach demonstrates a significant improvement in planning efficiency by optimizing the sequence for debris rendezvous, reducing the total mission time by an average of approximately {10.96\%} and {13.66\%} compared to the Genetic and Greedy algorithms, respectively. The model on average identifies the most time-efficient sequence for debris visitation across various simulated scenarios with the fastest computational speed. This approach signifies a step forward in enhancing mission planning strategies for space debris clearance., Comment: Accepted for publication at the 2024 International Conference on Space Robotics (iSpaRo)

Published
2024

2. First Evidence of the Possible Influence of Avoiding Daily Liquid Intake from Plastic and Glass Beverage Bottles on Blood Pressure in Healthy Volunteers

Author

Liesa Geppner, Sophie Grammatidis, Harald Wilfing, and Maja Henjakovic

Subjects
microplastics, nanoplastics, partial plastic reduction, drinking water, blood pressure, Biology (General), QH301-705.5, Microbiology, QR1-502, Biochemistry, QD415-436
Abstract

The global microplastic pollution issue, as a result of the indispensable usage of microplastics in building materials, packaged food, medical products and consumer goods, poses significant health problems for the population. These small particles can penetrate intact cell barriers in the intestines and alveoli, thereby entering the bloodstream. The aim of this pilot study was to investigate the effects of reduced plastic consumption on blood pressure. Eight adult and healthy participants abstained from consuming commercially produced bottled beverages and restricted their primary fluid intake to tap water. Blood pressure was measured on both sides before, after 14 days and after 28 to 30 days of this partial plastic diet. Women exhibit a significant change in systolic blood pressure on the right arm after 2 and 4 weeks, while the left arm demonstrates no significant changes in blood pressure. On the contrary, in men, systolic blood pressure values on both arms show no significant alterations, attributable to the high variability across the three participants. Moreover, no significant differences in systolic blood pressure were observed when analysing the entire cohort. Significant findings are evident only at the two-week mark for diastolic blood pressure for all participants in both arms. When considering diastolic blood pressure separately for women and men, men again show no significant changes in blood pressure on either arm. However, women exhibit a significant decrease in diastolic blood pressure on the left arm after 2 weeks and a statistically significant decline in diastolic blood pressure on the right arm after both 2 and 4 weeks. The results of the study suggest, for the first time, that a reduction in plastic use could potentially lower blood pressure, probably due to the reduced volume of plastic particles in the bloodstream. To confirm this hypothesis, a larger sample of male and female participants must be examined, ideally with the monitoring of plastic concentration in the blood.

Published
2024
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3. Adaptive satellite attitude control for varying masses using deep reinforcement learning

Author

Wiebke Retagne, Jonas Dauer, and Günther Waxenegger-Wilfing

Subjects
attitude control, deep reinforcement learning, adaptive control, spacecraft dynamics, varying masses, space debris, Mechanical engineering and machinery, TJ1-1570, Electronic computers. Computer science, QA75.5-76.95
Abstract

Traditional spacecraft attitude control often relies heavily on the dimension and mass information of the spacecraft. In active debris removal scenarios, these characteristics cannot be known beforehand because the debris can take any shape or mass. Additionally, it is not possible to measure the mass of the combined system of satellite and debris object in orbit. Therefore, it is crucial to develop an adaptive satellite attitude control that can extract mass information about the satellite system from other measurements. The authors propose using deep reinforcement learning (DRL) algorithms, employing stacked observations to handle widely varying masses. The satellite is simulated in Basilisk software, and the control performance is assessed using Monte Carlo simulations. The results demonstrate the benefits of DRL with stacked observations compared to a classical proportional–integral–derivative (PID) controller for the spacecraft attitude control. The algorithm is able to adapt, especially in scenarios with changing physical properties.

Published
2024
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5. Forecasting Thermoacoustic Instabilities in Liquid Propellant Rocket Engines Using Multimodal Bayesian Deep Learning

Author

Sengupta, Ushnish, Waxenegger-Wilfing, Günther, Martin, Jan, Hardi, Justin, and Juniper, Matthew P.

Subjects
Physics - Fluid Dynamics, Computer Science - Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science, Computer Science - Machine Learning
Abstract

The 100 MW cryogenic liquid oxygen/hydrogen multi-injector combustor BKD operated by the DLR Institute of Space Propulsion is a research platform that allows the study of thermoacoustic instabilities under realistic conditions, representative of small upper stage rocket engines. We use data from BKD experimental campaigns in which the static chamber pressure and fuel-oxidizer ratio are varied such that the first tangential mode of the combustor is excited under some conditions. We train an autoregressive Bayesian neural network model to forecast the amplitude of the dynamic pressure time series, inputting multiple sensor measurements (injector pressure/ temperature measurements, static chamber pressure, high-frequency dynamic pressure measurements, high-frequency OH* chemiluminescence measurements) and future flow rate control signals. The Bayesian nature of our algorithms allows us to work with a dataset whose size is restricted by the expense of each experimental run, without making overconfident extrapolations. We find that the networks are able to accurately forecast the evolution of the pressure amplitude and anticipate instability events on unseen experimental runs 500 milliseconds in advance. We compare the predictive accuracy of multiple models using different combinations of sensor inputs. We find that the high-frequency dynamic pressure signal is particularly informative. We also use the technique of integrated gradients to interpret the influence of different sensor inputs on the model prediction. The negative log-likelihood of data points in the test dataset indicates that predictive uncertainties are well-characterized by our Bayesian model and simulating a sensor failure event results as expected in a dramatic increase in the epistemic component of the uncertainty.

Published
2021

6. Machine Learning Methods for the Design and Operation of Liquid Rocket Engines -- Research Activities at the DLR Institute of Space Propulsion

Author

Waxenegger-Wilfing, Günther, Dresia, Kai, Deeken, Jan, and Oschwald, Michael

Subjects
Computer Science - Machine Learning, Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Systems and Control
Abstract

The last years have witnessed an enormous interest in the use of artificial intelligence methods, especially machine learning algorithms. This also has a major impact on aerospace engineering in general, and the design and operation of liquid rocket engines in particular, and research in this area is growing rapidly. The paper describes current machine learning applications at the DLR Institute of Space Propulsion. Not only applications in the field of modeling are presented, but also convincing results that prove the capabilities of machine learning methods for control and condition monitoring are described in detail. Furthermore, the advantages and disadvantages of the presented methods as well as current and future research directions are discussed., Comment: Submitted as conference paper to the Space Propulsion 2020+1 Conference

Published
2021

7. 'Baroque' in Early Musicology and Art History: Egon Welleszʼs Concept of an Austrian Tradition

Author

Meike Wilfing-Albrecht

Subjects
adler, guido, baroque, denkmäler der tonkunst in österreich (dtö), rococo, viennese modernism, wellesz, egon, Music and books on Music, Literature on music, ML1-3930, Music, M1-5000
Abstract

In 1909 Egon Wellesz published the article “Renaissance und Barock” in which he applied the term “Baroque,” which originated in art history, to music. With this he introduced the name for this music-historical epoch to musicology at least ten years before Curt Sachs, whose essay “Barockmusik” (1919) is still commonly referred to as the first mentioning of “Baroque Music.” Wellesz was one of the first musicologists to systematically deal with the music of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, in his case with a particular emphasis on Vienna. In his work he contributed significantly to defining the Baroque era as an independent music-historical stye period and thus made a valuable contribution to the early history of the discipline of musicology. This article will attempt to reconstruct Welleszʼs general understanding of the Baroque period, its temporal delineation, as well as his demarcation of a distinctly “Austrian” or “Viennese” Baroque tradition. In Wellesz’s writings it becomes clear that his methods and terminology derived not only from his teacher Guido Adler, but also adopted aspects of contemporary art-historical approaches.

Published
2024

8. Early Detection of Thermoacoustic Instabilities in a Cryogenic Rocket Thrust Chamber using Combustion Noise Features and Machine Learning

Author

Waxenegger-Wilfing, Günther, Sengupta, Ushnish, Martin, Jan, Armbruster, Wolfgang, Hardi, Justin, Juniper, Matthew, and Oschwald, Michael

Subjects
Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Signal Processing, Computer Science - Machine Learning, Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Systems and Control
Abstract

Combustion instabilities are particularly problematic for rocket thrust chambers because of their high energy release rates and their operation close to the structural limits. In the last decades, progress has been made in predicting high amplitude combustion instabilities but still, no reliable prediction ability is given. Reliable early warning signals are the main requirement for active combustion control systems. In this paper, we present a data-driven method for the early detection of thermoacoustic instabilities. Recurrence quantification analysis is used to calculate characteristic combustion features from short-length time series of dynamic pressure sensor data. Features like the recurrence rate are used to train support vector machines to detect the onset of an instability a few hundred milliseconds in advance. The performance of the proposed method is investigated on experimental data from a representative LOX/H$_2$ research thrust chamber. In most cases, the method is able to timely predict two types of thermoacoustic instabilities on test data not used for training. The results are compared with state-of-the-art early warning indicators.

Published
2020
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9. Multidisciplinary Design Optimization of Reusable Launch Vehicles for Different Propellants and Objectives

Author

Dresia, Kai, Jentzsch, Simon, Waxenegger-Wilfing, Günther, Hahn, Robson, Deeken, Jan, Oschwald, Michael, and Mota, Fabio

Subjects
Computer Science - Neural and Evolutionary Computing, Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Systems and Control
Abstract

Identifying the optimal design of a new launch vehicle is most important since design decisions made in the early development phase limit the vehicles' later performance and determines the associated costs. Reusing the first stage via retro-propulsive landing increases the complexity even more. Therefore, we develop an optimization framework for partially reusable launch vehicles, which enables multidisciplinary design studies. The framework contains suitable mass estimates of all essential subsystems and a routine to calculate the needed propellant for the ascent and landing maneuvers. For design optimization, the framework can be coupled with a genetic algorithm. The overall goal is to reveal the implications of different propellant combinations and objective functions on the launcher's optimal design for various mission scenarios. The results show that the optimization objective influences the most suitable propellant choice and the overall launcher design, concerning staging, weight, size, and rocket engine parameters. In terms of gross lift-off weight, liquid hydrogen seems to be favorable. When optimizing for a minimum structural mass or an expandable structural mass, hydrocarbon-based solutions show better results. Finally, launch vehicles using a hydrocarbon fuel in the first stage and liquid hydrogen in the upper stage are an appealing alternative, combining both fuels' benefits.

Published
2020
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10. A Reinforcement Learning Approach for Transient Control of Liquid Rocket Engines

Author

Waxenegger-Wilfing, Günther, Dresia, Kai, Deeken, Jan Christian, and Oschwald, Michael

Subjects
Computer Science - Machine Learning, Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Systems and Control, Mathematics - Optimization and Control, Statistics - Machine Learning
Abstract

Nowadays, liquid rocket engines use closed-loop control at most near steady operating conditions. The control of the transient phases is traditionally performed in open-loop due to highly nonlinear system dynamics. This situation is unsatisfactory, in particular for reusable engines. The open-loop control system cannot provide optimal engine performance due to external disturbances or the degeneration of engine components over time. In this paper, we study a deep reinforcement learning approach for optimal control of a generic gas-generator engine's continuous start-up phase. It is shown that the learned policy can reach different steady-state operating points and convincingly adapt to changing system parameters. A quantitative comparison with carefully tuned open-loop sequences and PID controllers is included. The deep reinforcement learning controller achieves the highest performance and requires only minimal computational effort to calculate the control action, which is a big advantage over approaches that require online optimization, such as model predictive control. control.

Published
2020
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11. Heat Transfer Prediction for Methane in Regenerative Cooling Channels with Neural Networks

Author

Waxenegger-Wilfing, Günther, Dresia, Kai, Deeken, Jan Christian, and Oschwald, Michael

Subjects
Computer Science - Machine Learning, Physics - Applied Physics, Physics - Fluid Dynamics, Statistics - Machine Learning
Abstract

Methane is considered being a good choice as a propellant for future reusable launch systems. However, the heat transfer prediction for supercritical methane flowing in cooling channels of a regeneratively cooled combustion chamber is challenging. Because accurate heat transfer predictions are essential to design reliable and efficient cooling systems, heat transfer modeling is a fundamental issue to address. Advanced computational fluid dynamics (CFD) calculations achieve sufficient accuracy, but the associated computational cost prevents an efficient integration in optimization loops. Surrogate models based on artificial neural networks (ANNs) offer a great speed advantage. It is shown that an ANN, trained on data extracted from samples of CFD simulations, is able to predict the maximum wall temperature along straight rocket engine cooling channels using methane with convincing precision. The combination of the ANN model with simple relations for pressure drop and enthalpy rise results in a complete reduced order model, which can be used for numerically efficient design space exploration and optimization.

Published
2019
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12. Musikalische Autonomie und das Gesamtkunstwerk: Eduard Hanslick und Richard Wagner im Dialog mit der Idealistischen Musikästhetik

Author

Alexander Wilfing

Subjects
Immanuel Kant, Eduard Hanslick, Richard Wagner, Musikästhetik, Musik und Gefühl, Gesamtkunstwerk, History of scholarship and learning. The humanities, AZ20-999
Abstract

Der Kunstwert von ‚reiner‘ Musik—Musik ohne Programm, Überschrift und Text—geriet mit dem Niedergang des mimetischen Kunstprinzips im späten 18. und frühen 19. Jahrhundert zum Problem (nicht nur) der idealistischen Musikästhetik. Kants Kritik der Urteilskraft (1790), die auf kommende Ästhetiker_innen besonders nachhaltig wirkte, zog sogar den Status der Musik als Kunst generell in Frage und formulierte ein Dilemma, das mit innovativen Ansätzen überwunden werden musste. Im Hinblick auf dieses Dilemma setzt mein Artikel die Ästhetik der ‚absoluten Tonkunst‘ von Eduard Hanslick und die Idee des ‚reinmenschlichen‘ Gesamtkunstwerks von Richard Wagner in direkten Dialog mit der idealistischen Musikästhetik. Wagners und Hanslicks Konzepte von ca. 1850 werden hierbei als Lösungsstrategien der idealistischen Problematik interpretiert und folglich gezeigt, dass Gesamtkunstwerk und musikalische Autonomie als ästhetische Positionen die gleiche Wurzel haben und als Seiten der gleichen Medaille gelesen werden können. Die beiden Autoren vereint trotz bekannter disparater Ansichten die von idealistischen Philosophen gestellte Diagnose, dass ‚reine‘ Musik semantisch mangelhaft sei und Gefühle, Begriffe und Gegenstände nicht zweifelsfrei ausdrücken könne. Ohne Eduard Hanslick und Richard Wagner als Idealisten aufzufassen oder ihre jeweilige Ästhetik gar auf den Deutschen Idealismus zu reduzieren, soll durch diese Arbeit gezeigt werden, dass sich die Antipoden unter diesem Gesichtspunkt näher waren, als meistens vermutet wird.Banner image: Eduard Hanslick and Richard Wagner. Silhouette by Otto Böhler. ÖNB, Bildarchiv Austria, Inventarnummer Pf 5786 : D (1) (https://www.bildarchivaustria.at/Pages/ImageDetail.aspx?p_iBildID=14690029).

Published
2023
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13. First Evidence of the Possible Influence of Avoiding Daily Liquid Intake from Plastic and Glass Beverage Bottles on Blood Pressure in Healthy Volunteers.

Author

Geppner, Liesa, Grammatidis, Sophie, Wilfing, Harald, and Henjakovic, Maja

Subjects
DIASTOLIC blood pressure, BLOOD pressure, GLASS-reinforced plastics, CONSUMER goods, DRINKING (Physiology), SYSTOLIC blood pressure
Abstract

The global microplastic pollution issue, as a result of the indispensable usage of microplastics in building materials, packaged food, medical products and consumer goods, poses significant health problems for the population. These small particles can penetrate intact cell barriers in the intestines and alveoli, thereby entering the bloodstream. The aim of this pilot study was to investigate the effects of reduced plastic consumption on blood pressure. Eight adult and healthy participants abstained from consuming commercially produced bottled beverages and restricted their primary fluid intake to tap water. Blood pressure was measured on both sides before, after 14 days and after 28 to 30 days of this partial plastic diet. Women exhibit a significant change in systolic blood pressure on the right arm after 2 and 4 weeks, while the left arm demonstrates no significant changes in blood pressure. On the contrary, in men, systolic blood pressure values on both arms show no significant alterations, attributable to the high variability across the three participants. Moreover, no significant differences in systolic blood pressure were observed when analysing the entire cohort. Significant findings are evident only at the two-week mark for diastolic blood pressure for all participants in both arms. When considering diastolic blood pressure separately for women and men, men again show no significant changes in blood pressure on either arm. However, women exhibit a significant decrease in diastolic blood pressure on the left arm after 2 weeks and a statistically significant decline in diastolic blood pressure on the right arm after both 2 and 4 weeks. The results of the study suggest, for the first time, that a reduction in plastic use could potentially lower blood pressure, probably due to the reduced volume of plastic particles in the bloodstream. To confirm this hypothesis, a larger sample of male and female participants must be examined, ideally with the monitoring of plastic concentration in the blood. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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15. Antibody seroprevalence and rate of asymptomatic infections with SARS-CoV-2 in Austrian hospital personnel

Author

Iris Leister, Elisabeth Ponocny-Seliger, Herwig Kollaritsch, Peter Dungel, Barbara Holzer, Johannes Grillari, Heinz Redl, Ivo Ponocny, Claudia Wilfing, Ludwig Aigner, Markus Exner, Michaela Stainer, Matthias Hackl, Thomas Hausner, Rainer Mittermayr, and Wolfgang Schaden

Subjects
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19 diagnostic testing, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216
Abstract

Abstract Background The aims of this study are to determine (i) SARS-CoV-2 antibody positive employees in Austrian trauma hospitals and rehabilitation facilities, (ii) number of active virus carriers (symptomatic and asymptomatic) during the study, (iii) antibody decline in seropositive subjects over a period of around 6 months, (iv) the usefulness of rapid antibody tests for outpatient screening. Method A total of 3301 employees in 11 Austrian trauma hospitals and rehabilitation facilities of the Austrian Social Insurance for Occupational Risks (AUVA) participated in this open uncontrolled prospective cohort study. Rapid lateral flow tests, detecting a combination of IgM and IgM against SARS-CoV-2), two different types of CLIA (Diasorin, Roche), RT-PCR tests and serum neutralization tests (SNTs) were performed. The tests were conducted twice, with an interval of 42.4 ± 7.7 (Min = 30, Max = 64) days. Positive participants were re-tested with CLIA/SNT at a third time point after 188.0 ± 12.8 days. Results Only 27 out of 3301 participants (0.82%) had a positive antibody test at any time point during the study confirmed via neutralization test. Among positively tested participants in either test, 50.4% did not report any symptoms consistent with common manifestations of COVID-19 during the study period or within the preceding 6 weeks. In the group who tested positive during or prior to study inclusion the most common symptoms of an acute viral illness were rhinitis (21.9%), and loss of taste and olfactory sense (21.9%). Based on the neutralization test as the true condition, the rapid antibody test performed better on serum than whole blood as 84.6% instead of 65.4% could be detected correctly. Concerning both CLIA tests overall the Roche test detected 24 (sensitivity = 88.9%) and the Diasorin test 22 positive participants (sensitivity = 81.5%). In participants with a positive SNT result, a significant drop in neutralizing antibody titre from 31.8 ± 22.9 (Md = 32.0) at T1 to 26.1 ± 17.6 (Md = 21.3) at T2 to 21.4 ± 13.4 (Md = 16.0) at T3 (χ2 = 23.848, df = 2, p

Published
2021
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16. Improved Wall Temperature Prediction for the LUMEN Rocket Combustion Chamber with Neural Networks

Author

Kai Dresia, Eldin Kurudzija, Jan Deeken, and Günther Waxenegger-Wilfing

Subjects
neural network, surrogate model, heat transfer, machine learning, LUMEN, rocket engine, Motor vehicles. Aeronautics. Astronautics, TL1-4050
Abstract

Accurate calculations of the heat transfer and the resulting maximum wall temperature are essential for the optimal design of reliable and efficient regenerative cooling systems. However, predicting the heat transfer of supercritical methane flowing in cooling channels of a regeneratively cooled rocket combustor presents a significant challenge. High-fidelity CFD calculations provide sufficient accuracy but are computationally too expensive to be used within elaborate design optimization routines. In a previous work it has been shown that a surrogate model based on neural networks is able to predict the maximum wall temperature along straight cooling channels with convincing precision when trained with data from CFD simulations for simple cooling channel segments. In this paper, the methodology is extended to cooling channels with curvature. The predictions of the extended model are tested against CFD simulations with different boundary conditions for the representative LUMEN combustor contour with varying geometries and heat flux densities. The high accuracy of the extended model’s predictions, suggests that it will be a valuable tool for designing and analyzing regenerative cooling systems with greater efficiency and effectiveness.

Published
2023
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17. Adaptive satellite attitude control for varying masses using deep reinforcement learning.

Author

Retagne, Wiebke, Dauer, Jonas, Waxenegger-Wilfing, Gunther, Condurache, Daniel, and Zhang, Haibo

Subjects
DEEP reinforcement learning, REINFORCEMENT learning, ADAPTIVE control systems, MONTE Carlo method, SPACE vehicles, SPACE debris, ARTIFICIAL satellite attitude control systems
Abstract

Traditional spacecraft attitude control often relies heavily on the dimension and mass information of the spacecraft. In active debris removal scenarios, these characteristics cannot be known beforehand because the debris can take any shape or mass. Additionally, it is not possible to measure the mass of the combined system of satellite and debris object in orbit. Therefore, it is crucial to develop an adaptive satellite attitude control that can extract mass information about the satellite system from other measurements. The authors propose using deep reinforcement learning (DRL) algorithms, employing stacked observations to handle widely varying masses. The satellite is simulated in Basilisk software, and the control performance is assessed using Monte Carlo simulations. The results demonstrate the benefits of DRL with stacked observations compared to a classical proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller for the spacecraft attitude control. The algorithm is able to adapt, especially in scenarios with changing physical properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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18. Anticoagulated de novo atrial flutter complicated by transitory ischemic attack in fatal COVID‐19

Author

Josef Finsterer and Astrid Wilfing

Subjects
anticoagulation, atrial flutter, COVID‐19, hypercoagulability syndrome, ischemic stroke, SARS‐CoV‐2, Medicine, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Abstract SARS‐CoV‐2 may not only manifest as pneumonia (COVID‐19) but also in other organs, including the brain (neuro‐COVID). One of the cerebral complications of SARS‐CoV‐2 is ischemic stroke. Transitory ischemic attack (TIA) in a SARS‐CoV‐2 positive has not been reported. A 78‐year‐old poly‐morbid male (diabetes, hypertension, and coronary heart disease), admitted for COVID‐19, developed atrial flutter on hospital day (hd) 2. Anticoagulation with enoxaparin was started. On hd5, he experienced a TIA despite sufficient anticoagulation. The patient expired on hd28 due to multi‐organ failure from sepsis due to superinfection with staphylococcus aureus. Infection with SARS‐CoV‐2 may be complicated by atrial flutter. Atrial flutter may be complicated by TIA despite sufficient anticoagulation, suggesting that standard anticoagulation may be insufficient to meet SARS‐CoV‐2‐associated hypercoagulability syndrome. Forced anticoagulation and adequate antibiosis in poly‐morbid SARS‐CoV‐2‐infected patients with hypercoagulability and cytokine storm are warranted.

Published
2022
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20. Re-Reading Hanslick’s Aesthetics

Author

Wilfing, Alexander

Abstract

This study examines the reception of Eduard Hanslick in Anglo-american discourse from its earliest instances in the 19th century up to analytical philosophy of music. This book thus analyzes primarily the discoursive conditions of Hanslick’s reception, which developed distinctly as part of different academic disciplines (history of art, musicology, philosophy of music). Moreover, this study explores the function Hanslick’s argument attained in modern debates of New Musicology and Anglo-american aesthetics, which cast new light upon the interpretation of Hanslick’s stances on the relation between emotion and music.

Published
2019

24. Combustion Chamber Fatigue Life Analysis for Reusable Liquid Rocket Engines (LREs)

Author

Gulczynski, Mateusz T., Riccius, Jörg R., Waxenegger-Wilfing, Günther, Deeken, Jan C., and Oschwald, Michael

Subjects
damage propagation, reusable launch vehicles (RLVs), ANSYS Parametric Design Language (APDL), PROMETHEUS, thermo-mechanical fatigue (TMF), combustion chamber (CC), Language (APDL), low cycle fatigue (LCF), doghouse effect, ANSYS Parametric Design, liquid rocket engines (LREs)
Published
2023

25. Parametric Optimization of Turbopump for Reusable Rocket Engine (RRE) Applications

Author

Gulczynski, Mateusz T., Dos Santos Hahn, Robson Henrique, Waxenegger-Wilfing, Günther, Deeken, Jan C., and Oschwald, Michael

Subjects
EcosimPro European Space Propulsion System Simulation (ESPSS), Turbine Blade, Engine Cycle Modelling, Fatigue Life Analysis, Reusable Rocket Engine (RRE), Turbopump
Published
2023

26. Eduard Hanslick’s 'Vom Musikalisch-Schönen': Text, Contexts, and their Developmental Dimensions; towards a Dynamic View of Hanslick’s Aesthetics

Author

Christoph Landerer and Alexander Wilfing

Subjects
19th century, aesthetics, Austrian philosophy, formalism, Eduard Hanslick, Johann Friedrich Herbart, Textual Analysis, Friedrich Theodor Vischer, Robert Zimmermann, Music and books on Music, Literature on music, ML1-3930, Music, M1-5000
Abstract

This article deals with Eduard Hanslick’s aesthetic classic 'Vom Musikalisch-Schönen' (“On the Musically Beautiful”), or VMS, regarding both the text itself and its most important contexts. We first give an overview of the history of relevant scholarship and relevant research perspectives and then sketch what we believe are the main current challenges of Hanslick scholarship: (a) an understanding of VMS as a fusion of different, often heterogeneous philosophical orientations and their embedment in political and institutional factors and (b) an understanding of VMS as a ‘dynamic text,’ that is, a text that develops out of pre-publications and evolves over the different editions and even chapters of the book, thus challenging traditional views of VMS as a monolithic, uniform text with a set of stable and determinable arguments. Rather than investigating ‘the’ aesthetics of VMS, Hanslick scholarship, we believe, needs to place more emphasis on how Hanslick’s argument develops over time and what factors are decisive for the many textual decisions that Hanslick made from the pre-publications of 1853 and 1854 up to the ‘final’ edition of 1902. Our approach integrates the older intellectual history approach and newer trends towards a broader contextualization and demonstrates how more information on the generic context of Hanslick’s aesthe­tic ideas can also shed light on the intellectual foundations of his treatise as well as on the development of his aesthetic positions.

Published
2018

27. Hanslick, Kant, and the Origins of 'Vom Musikalisch-Schönen'

Author

Alexander Wilfing

Subjects
19th century, 20th century, aesthetics, Austrian philosophy, formalism, Eduard Hanslick, Johann Friedrich Herbart, Immanuel Kant, Robert Zimmermann, Music and books on Music, Literature on music, ML1-3930, Music, M1-5000
Abstract

Recent scholarship on musical aesthetics, notably in analytical philosophy of music, commonly identifies the main ideas of Eduard Hanslick’s 'Vom Musikalisch-Schönen' (“On the Musically Beautiful”, 1854) with Kant’s 'Kritik der Urteilskraft' (“Critique of the Power of Judgment”, 1790), due to an ostensibly equivalent concept of ‘strict’ aesthetic formalism. Hanslick’s aesthetics is regarded as historically dependent on Kant’s theory and is further viewed as a concrete musical application of Kant’s more abstract formalism. This historical assumption, however, is mostly based on conceptual similarities between both texts that are regarded as ‘proof’ for immediate philosophical influences without carefully reflecting on contextual circumstances. Thus, my paper thoroughly examines the historical setting of mid-19th-century Vienna by taking into account the problematic reception of Kant’s works in Habsburg territories, the positivistic, anti-idealist orientation of Austrian science politics, as well as likely ‘local’ sources of Hanslick’s argument. Based on these observations concerning the historical contexts of 'Vom Musikalisch-Schönen', I analyze the palpable overlaps between Hanslick and Kant, but also show certain equally striking disparities between their aesthetic approaches. Ultimately, I conclude that their particular concepts of aesthetics, musical beauty, and music itself, as well as their philosophical methodologies are incompatible, even though Hanslick’s treatise implies an elementary familiarity with Kantian aesthetics, probably mediated by contemporary philosophers such as Bernard Bolzano, Johann Friedrich Herbart, and Robert Zimmermann.

Published
2018

28. Antibody seroprevalence and rate of asymptomatic infections with SARS-CoV-2 in Austrian hospital personnel

Author

Herwig Kollaritsch, Markus Exner, Claudia Wilfing, Michaela Stainer, Ivo Ponocny, Rainer Mittermayr, Elisabeth Ponocny-Seliger, Ludwig Aigner, Heinz Redl, Iris Leister, Johannes Grillari, Wolfgang Schaden, Peter Dungel, Barbara Holzer, Matthias Hackl, and Thomas Hausner

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), Population, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216, Antibodies, Viral, Asymptomatic, COVID-19 diagnostic testing, Seroepidemiologic Studies, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Seroprevalence, Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, Prospective Studies, education, Neutralizing antibody, Prospective cohort study, Asymptomatic Infections, education.field_of_study, biology, business.industry, SARS-CoV-2, Incidence (epidemiology), COVID-19, Outbreak, Personnel, Hospital, Titer, Infectious Diseases, Austria, Tropical medicine, Cohort, biology.protein, Antibody, medicine.symptom, business, Research Article
Abstract

ContextOn March 11, the World Health Organization (WHO) announced the current corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak as a pandemic. The first laboratory-confirmed case of COVID-19 in Austria was announced on February 27, 2020. Since then, the incidence of infection followed an exponential increase until a complete lockdown in March 2020. Thereafter easing of restrictions was gradually introduced and until mid-August daily infections remained mostly below 5 per 100.000 population.ObjectivesThe aims of this study are to determine i) how many employees in Austrian trauma hospitals and rehabilitation facilities have virus specific IgG and IgM, and/or neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2, ii) how many are active virus carriers (symptomatic and asymptomatic) during the study, iii) the antibody decline in seropositive subjects over a period of around six months, and iv) the utility of rapid antibody tests for outpatient screening.Study DesignOpen uncontrolled observational cross-sectional study.Setting/ParticipantsA total of 3301 employees in 11 Austrian trauma hospitals and rehabilitation facilities of the Austrian Social Insurance for Occupational Risks (AUVA) participated in the study.Study Interventions and MeasuresRapid antibody tests for SARS-CoV-2 specific IgG and IgM antibodies, and RT-PCR tests based on oropharyngeal swab samples, as well as laboratory-based antibody tests using ELISA/PRNT were performed. The tests were conducted twice, with an interval of 42.4±7.7 (Min=30, Max=64) days. Additionally, participants filled out a questionnaire including questions related to personal health, traveling activities, living situation, as well as inquiries of symptoms and comorbidities. Antibody positive tested participants were re-tested with ELISA/PRNT tests at a third time point on average 188.0±12.8 days after their initial test.ResultsIn our study cohort, only 27 out of 3301 participants (0.81%) had a positive antibody test at any time point during the study confirmed via neutralization test. Among participants who had positive test results in either of the antibody tests, 50.4% did not report any symptoms consistent with common manifestations of COVID-19 during the study period or within the preceding six weeks. In the group who tested positive during or prior to study inclusion the most common symptoms of an acute viral illness were rhinitis (21.9%), and loss of taste and olfactory sense (21.9%).The rapid antibody test was generally more sensitive based on serum (sensitivity=86.6%) as compared to whole blood (sensitivity=65.4). Concerning both ELISA tests overall the Roche test detected 24 (sensitivity=88.9%) and the Diasorin test 22 positive participants (sensitivity=81.5%).In participants with a positive PRNT, a significant decrease in PRNT concentration from 31.8±22.9 (Md=32.0) at T1 to 26.1±17.6 (Md=21.3) at T2 to 21.4±13.4 (Md=16.0) at T3 (χ2=23.848, df=2, p2=23.848, df=2, pConclusionsDuring the study period (May 11th – December 21th) only 0.81% were tested positive for antibodies in our study cohort. The antibody concentration decreases significantly over time with 14.8% (4 out of 27) losing detectable antibodies.

Published
2021

29. Determination of Bioactive Compounds Suppressing SARS-CoV-2 in Wastewater Using High Pressure Liquid Chromatography - Tandem Mass Spectrometry

Author

Mohamed Bayati, Chenhui Li, Shu-Yu Hsu, Elizabeth Rogers, Ryan Vinhal, Hsin-Yeh Hsieh, Lindsi Wilfing, Jeff Wenzel, Chris G. Wieberg, Marc C. Johnson, and Chung-Ho Lin

Abstract

Recent SARS-CoV-2 wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) surveillance studies have reported that several bioactive ingredients formulated in detergents, surface active agents, emulsifiers, and disinfection products in wastewater could significantly compromise WBE efforts by suppressing SARS-CoV-2 signals. A comprehensive, reliable, and robust analytical method is needed to quantify these bioactive molecules to assess the impacts of these compounds on SARS-CoV-2 wastewater surveillance results, and to evaluate the required action (e.g., correction factor) to achieve more reliable and unbiased surveillance results. In this study, a multi-residue analytical method was developed to quantify a selection of 19 bioactive compounds commonly found in the wastewater discharged from industrial facilities. The analytes were identified and quantified by high-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC–MS/MS) using multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) or single ion recording (SIR). The recovery rate (%) ranged from 60±0.64% to 112.5 ± 12.7%. The detection limit of the developed method ranged from 0.4 µg/L to 57.7 µg/L. The developed analytical method was applied to quantify these reactive molecules in the effluent of 65 wastewater treatment facilities located in Missouri, USA. The stability of SARS-CoV-2 in wastewater was evaluated in the presence of 4-nonylphenol (4-NOPH), dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid (DBSA), bisoctyldimethyl ammonium chloride (BDAC), C12-C14-Alkyl(ethylbenzyl)dimethylammonium chloride (C12-C14-AEDC) and lauroyl peroxide (LAPE). The compounds were reacted with wastewater containing SARS-CoV-2 for 24h. The suppression rates (SR%) were 35%, 51%, 62.1% and 66% when 4-NOPH, BDAC, C12-C14-AEDC and LAPE were added, respectively. The developed robust and sensitive analytical method could be incorporated into SARS-CoV-2 wastewater-based epidemiology surveillance studies to determine the concentrations of these chemical suppressors. Correction factors could then be developed to achieve more reliable and unbiased surveillance results for wastewater treatment facilities that receive wastewater from industries.

Published
2022

31. Numerical Turbine Blade Fatigue Life Analysis for Reusable Liquid Rocket Engines (LREs) Applications

Author

Gulczynski, Mateusz T., Dos Santos Hahn, Robson Henrique, Riccius, Jörg, Zametaev, Evgeny, Waxenegger-Wilfing, Günther, Deeken, Jan C., and Oschwald, Michael

Subjects
Reusability, Reusable Launch Vehicle (RLV), STRUCTURES, Turbine Blade, STRUCTURAL DYNAMICS, Fatigue Life, MATERIALS, Low Cycle Fatigue (LCF), Liquid Rocket Engines (LRE), High Cycle Fatigue (HCF), Creep, BLISK, Turbopump
Abstract

Nowadays reusability of LREs, represented in projects such as Callisto and Ma?a (both including the re-usable Prometheus engine), is seen not only as essential in the effort to prepare competitive future European space access, but also sets a new requirement towards high reliability engineering standards. With engine operation life in excess of a single mission, it is necessary to evaluate the most critical components, which could develop cracks as in case of the e.g. the turbopump turbine BLISK (Blade Integrated Disk) and, as a result, lower the total engine flight live [1, 2]. Within our research we focus on the turbine blade analysis for reusable LRE applications including high cycle fatigue (HCF) and low cycle fatigue (LCF). Turbine blades are subjected to large thermo-mechanical cyclic strains arising from high temperatures driving gas in combination with a fast start-up sequence as well as high rotational speed crucial for obtaining high performance and structural mass efficiency for LREs. Therefore, in addition to bending torsion as well as thermal gradient and centrifugal forces, it is decisive in durability studies to account for creep effects [3, 4, 5, 6]. To predict the turbine blade fatigue life, we compare the analytical (0-D) and numerical approach for a selected test case. The fatigue life analysis evaluates the BLISK at the highest loading condition accounting for HCF along with a Coffin-Manson based approach for the LCF contribution. Each operational cycle under constant maximum loading condition is applied to study the creep effect. As a result, an enhanced fatigue life prediction method including both creep and fatigue conditions for a turbine blade is obtained. Key words: BLISK, Coffin-Manson, Creep, Fatigue Life Analysis, Finite Element Analysis (FEA) High Cycle Fatigue (HCF), Liquid Rocket Engines (LRE), Low Cycle Fatigue (LCF), Reusability, Reusable Launch Vehicle (RLV), Sustainability, Turbine Blade, Turbopump.

Published
2022

32. Programmed death ligand 2 expression plays a limited role in adenocarcinomas of the gastroesophageal junction after preoperative chemotherapy

Author

Sebastian F. Schoppmann, Yi-Chien Tsai, Richard Grose, Dariga Ramazanova, Christina Fassnacht, Dagmar Kollmann, Emmanuella Guenova, Sanja Radosavljevic, Matthias Preusser, Robin Ristl, Lavinia Wilfing, Aysegül Ilhan-Mutlu, and Gerd Jomrich

Subjects
Programmed cell death, PD-L2, medicine.medical_treatment, Adenocarcinoma of the gastroesophageal junction, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Medicine, Preoperative chemotherapy, Tumor microenvironment, Chemotherapy, biology, business.industry, Surgery, Immunotherapy, Neoadjuvant therapy, 3. Good health, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Cancer cell, biology.protein, Cancer research, Immunohistochemistry, Original Article, 030211 gastroenterology & hepatology, Antibody, business, Abdominal surgery
Abstract

Summary Background The effects of cytotoxic chemotherapy on the expression of programmed death ligand 2 (PD-L2) are unknown and little is known about how the tumor microenvironment changes following neoadjuvant chemotherapy in locally advanced gastroesophageal adenocarcinomas (AEG). Recently, a number of studies reported that cytotoxic chemotherapy affects the expression levels of programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) and its ligand 1 (PD-L1). Regarding PD-L2, the second known ligand of PD‑1, no data on potential changes in expression patterns in patients with preoperatively treated AEG are available. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of cytotoxic chemotherapy on PD-L2 expression in patients with resectable AEG. Methods Consecutive patients with locally advanced AEG treated with preoperative cytotoxic chemotherapy were included. PD-L2 expression by cancer cells (CCs) and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) was investigated in samples of paired diagnostic biopsies and resected tumor specimens by immunohistochemistry using two different anti-PD-L2 antibodies. Results Included were 40 patients with AEG and available paired tumor tissue samples. PD-L2 expression was observed in one diagnostic biopsy sample by CCs and in one diagnostic biopsy sample by TILs. There was no difference concerning the expression levels measured by the two antibodies. Conclusion In contrast to previously published studies reporting PD-L2 expression rates of up to 50% in AEGs, in our cohort, PD-L2 expression seems to play no significant role in AEG.

Published
2021

34. High Throughput Roll-to-Roll Production of Microfluidic Chips

Author

Martin Smolka, Stephan Ruttloff, Dieter Nees, Christine Prietl, Valentin Satzinger, Bernhard Lamprecht, Philipp Hütter, Jan Hesse, Georgios Kokkinis, Günther Kriechhammer, Daniel Scheidl, and Bianca Wilfing

Subjects
Capillary Electrophoresis Microfluidic Chip, high throughput production, Roll-to-Roll production, Lab-on-a-Chip, Capacitively Coupled Contactless Conductivity Detection (C4D), soil nutrient analysis, plant macronutrient sensor, General Works
Abstract

A high throughput manufacturing process of microfluidic chips based on Roll-to-Roll imprinting is presented. With this procedure, microfluidic patterns can be produced on large area polymer substrates. The subsequent steps of inlet drilling, bonding and electrode printing are set-up on large area processes, too. Overall, this strategy allows highly parallelized processing of large numbers of chips—all costly steps of individual chip handling are avoided. The chips were used for the characterization of inorganic ions for soil nutrient analysis.

Published
2018
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35. Ueber Religionsverschiedenheiten’: The Role of Religious Difference in the Music Criticism of Eduard Hanslick

Author

Grimes, Nicole, Wilfing, Alexander1, Landerer, Christoph, Wilfing-Albrecht, Meike, Grimes, Nicole, Grimes, Nicole, Wilfing, Alexander1, Landerer, Christoph, Wilfing-Albrecht, Meike, and Grimes, Nicole

Abstract

"Hanslick im Kontext / Hanslick in Context" umfasst Beiträge von internationalen ExpertInnen, die sich mit Eduard Hanslick und seinen Schriften unter vielfältigen Gesichtspunkten auseinandersetzen.

Published
2020

38. Cooling the City? A Scientometric Study on Urban Green and Blue Infrastructure and Climate Change-Induced Public Health Effects

Author

Capari, Leo, Wilfing, Harald, Exner, Andreas, Höflehner, Thomas, and Haluza, Daniela

Subjects
scientometric analysis, climate change, health effects, Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment, Geography, Planning and Development, urban heat island, Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, urban blue green infrastructure
Abstract

Climate change causes global effects on multiple levels. The anthropogenic input of greenhouse gases increases the atmospheric mean temperature. It furthermore leads to a higher probability of extreme weather events (e.g., heat waves, floods) and thus strongly impacts the habitats of humans, animals, and plants. Against this background, research and innovation activities are increasingly focusing on potential health-related aspects and feasible adaptation and mitigation strategies. Progressing urbanization and demographic change paired with the climate change-induced heat island effect exposes humans living in urban habitats to increasing health risks. By employing scientometric methods, this scoping study provides a systematic bird’s eye view on the epistemic landscapes of climate change, its health-related effects, and possible technological and nature-based interventions and strategies in order to make urban areas climate proof. Based on a literature corpus consisting of 2614 research articles collected in SCOPUS, we applied network-based analysis and visualization techniques to map the different scientific communities, discourses and their interrelations. From a public health perspective, the results demonstrate the range of either direct or indirect health effects of climate change. Furthermore, the results indicate that a public health-related scientific discourse is converging with an urban planning and building science driven discourse oriented towards urban blue and green infrastructure. We conclude that this development might mirror the socio-political demand to tackle emerging climate change-induced challenges by transgressing disciplinary boundaries.

Published
2022
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39. Immunological recovery following HLA‐matched CD3+ TCR αß+/CD19+ depleted hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in children

Author

Daniela Sperl, Peter Lang, Martin Benesch, Antonia Bainschab, Christian Urban, Roland Wilfing, Tobias Feuchtinger, Michaela Döring, Christian Seitz, Volker Strenger, Herwig Lackner, Markus G. Seidel, Thomas Perwein, Rupert Handgretinger, Sabine Sipurzynski, Konrad Rosskopf, and Wolfgang Schwinger

Subjects
Transplantation, Transplantation Conditioning, Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta, Antigens, CD19, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Graft vs Host Disease, Humans, Child, Lymphocyte Depletion
Abstract

Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is a potentially curative option for children with both malignant and nonmalignant diseases. T-cell depletion techniques may result in reduced transplant-related mortality compared with unmanipulated grafts due to a lower incidence of GvHD.Immune recovery and outcome were analyzed in a cohort of 23 patients with malignant and nonmalignant diseases who received CD3+TCRαβ+ T- and B-cell-depleted allografts from matched donors after reduced-intensity or myeloablative conditioning. The median number of CD34+, CD3+TCRαβ+, and CD19+B-cells infused was 12.7 × 10With a median follow-up of 36 (range 1-73) months, overall survival and disease-free survival at 3 years were 65.2% and 60.8%. Eight patients died, six due to the underlying disease and two of extended visceral cGvHD. Immune reconstitution, disease-free, and overall survivals were similar compared with a historical cohort of 23 patients transplanted with matched unmanipulated bone marrow. A significant lower rate of higher grade (III-IV) aGvHD was observed in the manipulated HSCT group (8.7% vs. 26%; p = 0.001), whereas the incidence of cGvHD was equal.Our data suggest that this graft manipulation strategy could be a safe and effective alternative to conventional HSCT techniques in matched donors.

Published
2022

42. Fibroblast growth factor 8 overexpression is predictive of poor prognosis in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma

Author

Sebastian F. Schoppmann, Daniel Winkler, Sanja Radosavljevic, Lavinia Wilfing, Martin Schindl, Gerald Timelthaler, Ario Parak, Gerd Jomrich, and Bernhard Klösch

Subjects
Oncology, 0303 health sciences, Chemotherapy, medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, medicine.medical_treatment, Hazard ratio, FGF18, Fibroblast growth factor, medicine.disease, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Pancreatic cancer, Internal medicine, medicine, Resection margin, Immunohistochemistry, Surgery, business, Immunostaining, 030304 developmental biology
Abstract

Summary Background Despite distinctive advances in the field of pancreatic cancer therapy over the past few years, patient survival remains poor. Fibroblast growth factors 8 (FGF8) and 18 (FGF18) both play a role in modulating the activity of malignant cells and have been identified as promising biomarkers in a number of cancers. However, no data exist on the expression of FGF8 and FGF18 in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Methods Protein expression levels of FGF8 and FGF18 in postoperative specimens of neoadjuvantly treated and primarily resected patients were investigated using immunohistochemistry. Immunostaining scores were calculated as the products of the staining intensity and the staining rate. Scores exceeding the median score were considered as high expression. Results Specimens from 78 patients with PDAC were available and met the eligibility criteria for analysis of protein expression using immunohistochemistry. 15 (19.2%) patients had received neoadjuvant chemotherapy. High protein levels of FGF8 and FGF18 were detected in 40 (51.8%) and 33 (42.3%) patients, respectively. Kaplan–Meier analysis demonstrated significantly shorter overall survival in patients with high expression of FGF8 (p = 0.04). Multivariable Cox proportional hazard regression models revealed that high expression of FGF8 (Hazard ratio [HR] 0.53, 95% Confidence interval [CI] 0.32–0.89, p = 0.016) was an independent prognostic factor for diminished overall survival in patients with PDAC. By contrast, no statistical significance was found for FGF18 overexpression. In addition, the FGF8 protein level correlated with the factor resection margin (p = 0.042). Conclusion FGF8 is a promising target for new anticancer therapies using FGF inhibitors in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas.

Published
2020

44. Von Kirke bis Pamphile - Konstanz und Wandel im Bild antiker Magierinnen

Author

Wilfing, Antonia

Subjects
Medea, ErichthoZauberin, Metamorphoses, De bello civili, Circe, Lucanus, Marcus Annaeus39-65, Mythologie, Argonautica, Magierin, Odyssea, Griechisch, Ovidius Naso, Publiusv43-17, ApolloniusRhodiusv295-v215, ApuleiusMadaurensis123-170, Zauberin, Heroides
Abstract

Diese Arbeit stellt sich der Forschungsfrage: Inwiefern lässt sich Konstanz bzw. Wandel im Bild der antiken Magierinnen erkennen? Für die Beantwortung dieser Frage werden antike Quellen zu vier Magierinnen herangezogen. Als erste Magierin wird Kirke ausgewählt, die bereits in Homers Odyssee und den Metamorphosen von Ovid ihren Platz findet. Anschließend wird Medea in diese Arbeit integriert, da sie eine der prominentesten magiekundigen Figuren der Antike darstellt, deren Rezeption außerordentlich ist. Für die Untersuchung von Medea werden die Argonautika von Apollonios von Rhodos sowie die Metamorphosen und die Heroides von Ovid herangezogen. Die dritte Figur im Bunde ist Erichtho aus Lucans Bellum civile, die durch ihre Grausamkeit und ihre furchteinflößende Gestalt außergewöhnliche Aspekte mit in die Untersuchung bringt. Die letzte Magierin ist Pamphile aus den Metamorphosen von Apuleius von Madauros. Hier liegt eine spezielle, neue Gattung vor, nämlich der antike Roman, dessen Einfluss auf das Bild der Magierin in den Blick genommen wird.Diese vier Frauen werden anhand von mehreren Unterfragen erforscht. Zuerst geht es darum, die Eigenschaften der Figuren zu ergründen – ihr Aussehen, ihre alltägliche Beschäftigung, ihre Verwandtschaft und ihr Wohnort. Danach geht es ans Herzstück der Arbeit, in dem die magischen Fähigkeiten und Rituale und ihr Verhältnis zum Göttlichen in den Fokus rücken. Zuletzt wird ihre Bewertung in den Quellen studiert. All diese Fragen werden in ein Modell übersetzt, um in visueller Form zeigen zu können, inwiefern Konstanz und Wandel zu beobachten sind.Insgesamt lässt sich ein Wandel erkennen: Kirke ist noch gottähnlich, Medea schon eine Priesterin der Hekate, die mit ihren Fähigkeiten im Bereich Leben-und-Tod angesiedelt ist. Erichtho stellt den negativen, nekrophilen Höhepunkt dar. Im antiken Roman steigert Pamphile das Negative aber nicht, sondern wird stattdessen ins Lächerliche gezogen. This thesis aims to answer the following question: To what extent is there consistency or change in the portrayal of ancient magicians? To answer that, ancient sources about four magicians are used. The first one is Kirke who is a character in Homer’s Odyssee and Ovid’s Metamorphoses. The second enchantress is Medea. She is one of the most famous women in ancient literature. Medea’s character has also been widely adopted which makes it clear why she is such an important magician for this thesis. In order to analyse her portrayal, Apollonios of Rhodos’ Argonautika and Ovid’s Metamorphoses and Heroides are used. The third one is Erichtho who is part of Lucan’s Bellum civile. Her character is full of horrors and atrocity. Studying her means to enrich the analysis with these aspects. The last enchantress is Pamphile who plays a part in Apuleius of Madauros’ Metamorphoses. With this text there will be another kind of source added to this study: an ancient novel.All these women will be analysed according to the following topics. First of all, this study wants to examine the general features of the magicians – their looks, what they are doing all day long, their relatives and their homes. After this, the most important part of this thesis follows. It takes a look at the enchantresses’ magical rituals and skills. Moreover, it is interesting to figure out which kind of relationships the magicians have to the gods. Last, the thesis examines what opinion ancient texts give on women using magic. All that is used to create a visual model about the change and consistency in the portrayal of ancient enchantresses.All in all, there is a change starting with Kirke who is godlike. Then Medea’s already a priest of Hekate using her powers in the domain of life-and-death. Next Erichtho is the negative necrophilic maximum. Finally, the negativity isn’t increased in the ancient novel, but Pamphile's magic is turned into ridicule. Arbeit an der Bibliothek noch nicht eingelangt - Daten nicht geprüft Abweichender Titel laut Übersetzung des Verfassers/der Verfasserin Masterarbeit Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz 2022

Published
2022

45. Reperfusion therapies and in-hospital outcomes for ST-elevation myocardial infarction in europe. the ACVC-EAPCI EORP STEMI registry of the european society of cardiology

Author

Zeymer, U., Ludman, P., Danchin, N., Kala, P., Laroche, C., Sadeghi, M., Caporale, R., Shaheen, S. M., Legutko, J., Iakobsishvili, Z., Alhabib, K. F., Motovska, Z., Studencan, M., Mimoso, J., Becker, D., Alexopoulos, D., Kereseselidze, Z., Stojkovic, S., Zelveian, P., Goda, A., Mirrakhimov, E., Bajraktari, G., Al-Farhan, H., Serpytis, P., Raungaard, B., Marandi, T., Moore, A. M., Quinn, M., Karjalainen, P. P., Tatu-Chitolu, G., Gale, C. P., Maggioni, A. P., Weidinger, F., Sinnaeve, P., Ferrari, R., Karamfilov, K., Lidon, R. -M., Kereselidze, Z., Iakobishvili, Z., Erglis, A., Kedev, S., Dudek, D., Tatu-Chitoiu, G., Shlyakhto, E., Bunc, M., Mourali, M. S., Konte, M., Larras, F., Lefrancq, E. F., Mekhaldi, S., Shuka, N., Pavli, E., Tafaj, E., Gishto, T., Dibra, A., Duka, A., Gjana, A., Kristo, A., Knuti, G., Demiraj, A., Dado, E., Hasimi, E., Simoni, L., Siqeca, M., Sisakian, H., Hayrapetyan, H., Markosyan, S., Galustyan, L., Arustamyan, N., Kzhdryan, H., Pepoyan, S., Zirkik, A., Von Lewinski, D., Paetzold, S., Kienzl, I., Matyas, K., Neunteufl, T., Nikfardjam, M., Neuhold, U., Mihalcz, A., Glaser, F., Steinwender, C., Reiter, C., Grund, M., Hrncic, D., Hoppe, U., Hammerer, M., Hinterbuchner, L., Hengstenberg, C., Delle Karth, G., Lang, I., Winkler, W., Hasun, M., Kastner, J., Havel, C., Derntl, M., Oberegger, G., Hajos, J., Adlbrecht, C., Publig, T., Leitgeb, M. -C., Wilfing, R., Jirak, P., C. -Y., Ho, Puskas, L., Schrutka, L., Spinar, J., Parenica, J., Hlinomaz, O., Fendrychova, V., Semenka, J., Sikora, J., Sitar, J., Groch, L., Rezek, M., Novak, M., Kramarikova, P., Stasek, J., Dusek, J., Zdrahal, P., Polasek, R., Karasek, J., Seiner, J., Sukova, N., Varvarovsky, I., Lazarak, T., Novotny, V., Matejka, J., Rokyta, R., Volovar, S., Belohlavek, J., Siranec, M., Kamenik, M., Kralik, R., Ravkilde, J., Jensen, S. E., Villadsen, A., Villefrance, K., Schmidt Skov, C., Maeng, M., Moeller, K., Hasan-Ali, H., Ahmed, T. A., Hassan, M., Elguindy, A., Farouk Ismail, M., Ibrahim Abd El-Aal, A., El-Sayed Gaafar, A., Magdy Hassan, H., Ahmed Shafie, M., Nabil El-Khouly, M., Bendary, A., Darwish, M., Ahmed, Y., Amin, O. A., Abdelhakim, A., Abosaif, K., Kandil, H., Galal, M. A. G., El Hefny, E. E., El Sayed, M., Aly, K., Mokarrab, M., Osman, M., Abdelhamid, M., Mantawy, S., Ali, M. R., Kaky, S. D., Khalil, V. A., Saraya, M. E. A., Talaat, A., Nabil, M., Mounir, W. M., Mahmoud, K., Aransa, A., Kazamel, G., Anwar, S., Al-Habbaa, A., Abd El Monem, M., Ismael, A., Amin Abu-Sheaishaa, M., Abd Rabou, M. M., Hammouda, T. M. A., Moaaz, M., Elkhashab, K., Ragab, T., Rashwan, A., Rmdan, A., Abdelrazek, G., Ebeid, H., Soliman Ghareeb, H., Farag, N., Zaki, M., Seleem, M., Torki, A., Youssef, M., Allah Nasser, N. A., Rafaat, A., Selim, H., Makram, M. M., Khayyal, M., Malasi, K., Madkour, A., Kolib, M., Alkady, H., Nagah, H., Yossef, M., Wafa, A., Mahfouz, E., Faheem, G., Magdy Moris, M., Ragab, A., Ghazal, M., Mabrouk, A., El-Masry, M., Naseem, M., Samir, S., Reinmets, J., Allvee, M., Saar, A., Ainla, T., Vaide, A., Kisseljova, M., Pakosta, U., Eha, J., Lotamois, K., Sia, J., Myllymaki, J., Pinola, T., Paana, T., Mikkelsson, J., Ampio, M., Tsivilasvili, J., Zurab, P., Agladze, R., Melia, A., Gogoberidze, D., Khubua, N., Totladze, L., Metreveli, I., Chikovani, A., Eitel, I., Poss, J., Werner, M., Constantz, A., Ahrens, C., Tolksdorf, H., Klinger, S., Sack, S., Heer, T., Lekakis, J., Kanakakis, I., Xenogiannis, I., Ermidou, K., Makris, N., Ntalianis, A., Katsaros, F., Revi, E., Kafkala, K., Mihelakis, E., Diakakis, G., Grammatikopoulos, K., Voutsinos, D., Xanthopoulou, I., Mplani, V., Foussas, S., Papakonstantinou, N., Patsourakos, N., Dimopoulos, A., Derventzis, A., Athanasiou, K., Vassilikos, V. P., Papadopoulos, C., Tzikas, S., Vogiatzis, I., Datsios, A., Galitsianos, I., Koutsampasopoulos, K., Grigoriadis, S., Douras, A., Baka, N., Spathis, S., Kyrlidis, T., Hatzinikolaou, H., Kiss, R. G., Nowotta, F., Toth, K., Szabo, S., Lakatos, C., Jambrik, Z., Ruzsa, J., Ruzsa, Z., Rona, S., Toth, J., Vargane Kosik, A., Toth, K. S. B., Nagy, G. G., Ondrejko, Z., Koromi, Z., Botos, B., Pourmoghadas, M., Salehi, A., Massoumi, G., Soleimani, A., Sarrafzadegan, N., Roohafza, H., Azarm, M., Mirmohammadsadeghi, A., Rajabi, D., Rahmani, Y., Siabani, S., Najafi, F., Hamzeh, B., Karim, H., Siabani, H., Saleh, N., Charehjoo, H., Zamzam, L., Al-Temimi, G., Al-Yassin, A., Mohammad, A., Ridha, A., Al-Saedi, G., Atabi, N., Sabbar, O., Mahmood, S., Dakhil, Z., Yaseen, I. 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F., Mekhaldi, S., Shuka, N., Pavli, E., Tafaj, E., Gishto, T., Dibra, A., Duka, A., Gjana, A., Kristo, A., Knuti, G., Demiraj, A., Dado, E., Hasimi, E., Simoni, L., Siqeca, M., Sisakian, H., Hayrapetyan, H., Markosyan, S., Galustyan, L., Arustamyan, N., Kzhdryan, H., Pepoyan, S., Zirkik, A., Von Lewinski, D., Paetzold, S., Kienzl, I., Matyas, K., Neunteufl, T., Nikfardjam, M., Neuhold, U., Mihalcz, A., Glaser, F., Steinwender, C., Reiter, C., Grund, M., Hrncic, D., Hoppe, U., Hammerer, M., Hinterbuchner, L., Hengstenberg, C., Delle Karth, G., Lang, I., Winkler, W., Hasun, M., Kastner, J., Havel, C., Derntl, M., Oberegger, G., Hajos, J., Adlbrecht, C., Publig, T., Leitgeb, M. -C., Wilfing, R., Jirak, P., Ho, C. -Y., Puskas, L., Schrutka, L., Spinar, J., Parenica, J., Hlinomaz, O., Fendrychova, V., Semenka, J., Sikora, J., Sitar, J., Groch, L., Rezek, M., Novak, M., Kramarikova, P., Stasek, J., Dusek, J., Zdrahal, P., Polasek, R., Karasek, J., Seiner, J., Sukova, N., Varvarovsky, I., Lazarak, T., Novotny, V., Matejka, J., Rokyta, R., Volovar, S., Belohlavek, J., Siranec, M., Kamenik, M., Kralik, R., Ravkilde, J., Jensen, S. 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P., Papadopoulos, C., Tzikas, S., Vogiatzis, I., Datsios, A., Galitsianos, I., Koutsampasopoulos, K., Grigoriadis, S., Douras, A., Baka, N., Spathis, S., Kyrlidis, T., Hatzinikolaou, H., Kiss, R. G., Nowotta, F., Toth, K., Szabo, S., Lakatos, C., Jambrik, Z., Ruzsa, J., Ruzsa, Z., Rona, S., Toth, J., Vargane Kosik, A., Toth, K. S. B., Nagy, G. G., Ondrejko, Z., Koromi, Z., Botos, B., Pourmoghadas, M., Salehi, A., Massoumi, G., Soleimani, A., Sarrafzadegan, N., Roohafza, H., Azarm, M., Mirmohammadsadeghi, A., Rajabi, D., Rahmani, Y., Siabani, S., Najafi, F., Hamzeh, B., Karim, H., Siabani, H., Saleh, N., Charehjoo, H., Zamzam, L., Al-Temimi, G., Al-Yassin, A., Mohammad, A., Ridha, A., Al-Saedi, G., Atabi, N., Sabbar, O., Mahmood, S., Dakhil, Z., Yaseen, I. 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Z., Jonczyk, M., Jankowski, L., Klecha, A., Michalowska, J., Brzezinski, M., Kozmik, T., Kowalczyk, T., Adamczuk, J., Maliszewski, M., Kuziemka, P., Plaza, P., Jaros, A., Pawelec, A., Sledz, J., Bartus, S., Zmuda, W., Bogusz, M., Wisnicki, M., Szastak, G., Adamczyk, M., Suska, M., Czunko, P., Opolski, G., Kochman, J., Tomaniak, M., Miernik, S., Paczwa, K., Witkowski, A., Opolski, M. P., Staruch, A. D., Kalarus, Z., Honisz, G., Mencel, G., Swierad, M., Podolecki, T., Marques, J., Azevedo, P., Pereira, M. A., Gaspar, A., Monteiro, S., Goncalves, F., Leite, L., Manuel Lopes Dos Santos, W., Amado, J., Pereira, D., Silva, B., Caires, G., Neto, M., Rodrigues, R., Correia, A., Freitas, D., Lourenco, A., Ferreira, F., Sousa, F., Portugues, J., Calvo, L., Almeida, F., Alves, M., Silva, A., Caria, R., Seixo, F., Militaru, C., Ionica, E., Istratoaie, O., Florescu, M., Lipnitckaia, E., Osipova, O., Konstantinov, S., Bukatov, V., Vinokur, T., Egorova, E., Nefedova, E., Levashov, S., Gorbunova, A., Redkina, M., Karaulovskaya, N., Bijieva, F., Babich, N., Smirnova, O., Filyanin, R., Eseva, S., Kutluev, A., Chlopenova, A., Shtanko, A., Kuppar, E., Shaekhmurzina, E., Ibragimova, M., Mullahmetova, M., Chepisova, M., Kuzminykh, M., Betkaraeva, M., Namitokov, A., Khasanov, N., Baleeva, L., Galeeva, Z., Magamedkerimova, F., Ivantsov, E., Tavlueva, E., Kochergina, A., Sedykh, D., Kosmachova, E., Skibitskiy, V., Porodenko, N., Litovka, K., Ulbasheva, E., Niculina, S., Petrova, M., Harkov, E., Tsybulskaya, N., Lobanova, A., Chernova, A., Kuskaeva, A., Kuskaev, A., Ruda, M., Zateyshchikov, D., Gilarov, M., Konstantinova, E., Koroleva, O., Averkova, A., Zhukova, N., Kalimullin, D., Borovkova, N., Tokareva, A., Buyanova, M., Khaisheva, L., Pirozhenko, A., Novikova, T., Yakovlev, A., Tyurina, T., Lapshin, K., Moroshkina, N., Kiseleva, M., Fedorova, S., Krylova, L., Duplyakov, D., Semenova, Y., Rusina, A., Ryabov, V., Syrkina, A., Demianov, S., Reitblat, O., Artemchuk, A., Efremova, E., Makeeva, E., Menzorov, M., Shutov, A., Klimova, N., Shevchenko, I., Elistratova, O., Kostyuckova, O., Islamov, R., Budyak, V., Ponomareva, E., Ullah Jan, U., Alshehri, A. M., Sedky, E., Alsihati, Z., Mimish, L., Selem, A., Malik, A., Majeed, O., Altnji, I., Alshehri, M., Aref, A., Alhabib, K., Aldosary, M., Tayel, S., Abd Alrahman, M., Asfina, K. N., Abdin Hussein, G., Butt, M., Markovic Nikolic, N., Obradovic, S., Djenic, N., Brajovic, M., Davidovic, A., Romanovic, R., Novakovic, V., Dekleva, M., Spasic, M., Dzudovic, B., Jovic, Z., Cvijanovic, D., Veljkovic, S., Ivanov, I., Cankovic, M., Jarakovic, M., Kovacevic, M., Trajkovic, M., Mitov, V., Jovic, A., Hudec, M., Gombasky, M., Sumbal, J., Bohm, A., Baranova, E., Kovar, F., Samos, M., Podoba, J., Kurray, P., Obona, T., Remenarikova, A., Kollarik, B., Verebova, D., Kardosova, G., Alusik, D., Macakova, J., Kozlej, M., Bayes-Genis, A., Sionis, A., Garcia Garcia, C., Duran Cambra, A., Labata Salvador, C., Rueda Sobella, F., Sans Rosello, J., Vila Perales, M., Oliveras Vila, T., Ferrer Massot, M., Baneras, J., Lekuona, I., Zugazabeitia, G., Fernandez-Ortiz, A., Viana Tejedor, A., Ferrera, C., Alvarez, V., DIaz-Castro, O., Agra-Bermejo, R. M., Gonzalez-Cambeiro, C., Gonzalez-Babarro, E., Domingo-Del Valle, J., Royuela, N., Burgos, V., Canteli, A., Castrillo, C., Cobo, M., Ruiz, M., Abu-Assi, E., and Garcia Acuna, J.

Subjects
Registrie, medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.medical_treatment, Cardiology, Myocardial Reperfusion, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, 03 medical and health sciences, Hospital, 0302 clinical medicine, Reperfusion therapy, Percutaneous Coronary Intervention, Internal medicine, Fibrinolysis, medicine, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Myocardial infarction, Registries, Prospective Studies, Prospective cohort study, Observational studies, observational studies, reperfusion therapy, business.industry, Mortality rate, Primary percutaneous coronary intervention, ST-elevation myocardial infarction, Europe, Hospitals, Treatment Outcome, ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction, Percutaneous coronary intervention, medicine.disease, primary percutaneous coronary intervention, Observational studie, 3. Good health, Prospective Studie, Cohort, Conventional PCI, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, Human
Abstract

Aims The aim of this study was to determine the contemporary use of reperfusion therapy in the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) member and affiliated countries and adherence to ESC clinical practice guidelines in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Methods and results Prospective cohort (EURObservational Research Programme STEMI Registry) of hospitalized STEMI patients with symptom onset Conclusions The use of reperfusion therapy for STEMI in the ESC member and affiliated countries was high. Primary PCI was the most frequently used treatment and associated total in-hospital mortality was below 5%. However, there was geographic variation in the use of primary PCI, which was associated with differences in in-hospital mortality.

Published
2021

49. Wirksamkeit von Einlagen bei Erwachsenen mit Plattfuß: eine systematische Übersichtsarbeit

Author

Herchenröder, Minettchen, Wilfing, Denise, and Steinhäuser, Jost

Subjects
ddc: 610, Medicine and health
Abstract

Hintergrund: In Deutschland bekommen etwa 8% der Bevölkerung orthopädische Einlagen verordnet. Eine der häufigsten Indikationen ist die Behandlung von Plattfüßen. Einlagen sind das meist verordnete Hilfsmittel. Die Leistungsausgaben betragen derzeit 466,6 Millionen Euro [zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL]

Published
2021
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50. Musikalische Autonomie und das Gesamtkunstwerk: Eduard Hanslick und Richard Wagner im Dialog mit der Idealistischen Musikästhetik.

Author

Wilfing, Alexander

Abstract

Copyright of Open Library of Humanities is the property of Open Library of Humanities and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Published
2023
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