Search

Edible yeast, Lactobacillus plantarum and Mucor were used in traditional fermentation of three food materials wheat dough, pickled Chinese cabbage and Mao-tofu, respectively. The potencies of yeast, lactic acid bacteria and Mucor to promote the degradation of four organophosphorus pesticides (OPPs) including chlorpyrifos, dichlorvos, phorate and trichlorphon were studied, via detection of OPP residues by gas chromatography and calculation of OPPs degradation rate constants by a first-order reaction model. Analysis results showed that about 16.6–31.8, 96.2–99.7 and 79.7–99.5 % of the OPPs were removed from these food materials after fermentation times of 5 h, 42 and 6 days, respectively. Dichlorvos and phorate in all cases were the most labile and stable pesticides, as they gave the highest and lowest degradation rate constants, respectively. Inoculation of yeast, L. plantarum and Mucor resulted in the investigated samples enhanced OPPs rate constants by 82–270, 115–219 and 115–224 %, respectively. The OPPs in wheat dough and Mao-tofu showed 4–12 folds greater rate constants than those OPPs in pickled Chinese cabbage. It is concluded that these microorganisms are able to enhance OPPs dissipation in these fermented food materials, and yeast and Mucor are more potent than L. plantarum to degrade OPPs.

Octahedral composite sandwich panels were manufactured by integrating upper and lower skins with stitched core to overcome the weak interface between the core and skins of the sandwich structures. Quasi-static compression and shear tests were conducted to get stress–strain curves and to reveal the failure mechanisms of the structure. Dual peak stress was observed during the compression tests and each corresponding to the failure of a constituent layer. The compressive and shear strength was dominated by Euler buckling or fracture of the stitching yarns. To obtain a suitable baseline comparison, the mechanical properties were measured for aramid fiber reinforced honeycomb and aluminum honeycomb core panels. The octahedral stitched composite cores exhibited higher specific shear stiffness/strength and out-of-plane compressive strength than conventional sandwich cores, but showed lower compressive stiffness.

Via He’s semi-inverse method, a variational principle is established for coupled nonlinear Schrödinger equations with variable coefficients and high nonlinearity. The result obtained includes the ones known from the open literature as special cases.

In this paper, the variational iteration method is used to solve the Cauchy problem. Some examples are given to elucidate the solution procedure and reliability of the obtained results. The variational iteration algorithm leads to exact solutions in the present study.

Huxley equation is a core mathematical framework for modern biophysically based neural modeling. It is often useful to obtain a generalized solitary solution for fully understanding its physical meanings. There are many methods to solve the equation, but each method can only lead to a special solution. This paper suggests a relatively new method called the Exp-function method for this purpose. The obtained result includes all solutions in open literature as special cases, and the generalized solution with some free parameters might imply some fascinating meanings hidden in Huxley equation.

In this paper, we introduce a random iteration process, and prove that the iteration process converges to a random fixed point of non-self asymptotically nonexpansive random mappings in real uniformly convex separable Banach spaces. The results presented in this paper are new for random mappings.

The exp-function method is used to find exact solutions of the generalized nonlinear heat conduction equations. The results obtained include all the solutions from the open literature as special cases.

Using He’s semi-inverse method, a variational principle for physiological flow is established.