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4. A comparative study on the tax and fee reduction policies for sustainable development: Empirical analysis from the world’s three major economies in tackling COVID-19

Author

Ma Yujuan, Yang Guangli, and Li Bo

Subjects
tax reduction and fee reduction, economic growth rate, employment rate, tax system reform, COVID-19, Environmental sciences, GE1-350
Abstract

The global COVID-19 epidemic in 2020 has caused a significant drop in many countries’ employment rates and economies. Numerous countries have implemented a number of tax and fee reduction policies in response to the COVID-19 epidemic. This essay analyzes the tax and fee policies and results of the three largest economies in the world—China, the United States, and Japan—in response to COVID-19 between 2020 and 2021. We will first compare the effects of tax and fee reduction policies horizontally across China, the US, and Japan. The second step is to compare the effects of tax and fee reduction policies. According to the study, China, the United States and Japan have each implemented separate tax and fee policies in response to COVID-19. The United States primarily provides corporate income tax, personal income tax relief, and increased social welfare and subsidies that reduce the tax burden of enterprises, stimulate the vitality of enterprises, increase the disposable income of residents, stimulate consumption, and thus promote economic growth; Japan primarily provides income tax, consumption tax and business tax relief to reduce the cost of consumption for residents, increase corporate profits and cash flow, restore economic growth and stabilize employment. China primarily provides tax relief for VAT, corporate income tax and social security funds. It indirectly lowers the selling price of products, reduces the operating costs of enterprises, increases personal disposable income, stimulates consumption, promotes the growth of business performance and plays a certain role in curbing inflation. Based on the empirical analysis of the impact of different tax and fee reduction policies on the economy and employment in China, the United States and Japan, it is of some relevance for other countries. Therefore, in response to COVID-19 or major emergencies, each country can formulate targeted tax and fee reduction measures based on its own national conditions to support economic growth and stable employment.

Published
2022
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5. Redirecting raltitrexed from cancer cell thymidylate synthase to Mycobacterium tuberculosis phosphopantetheinyl transferase

Author

Singh, Amrita, primary, Ottavi, Samantha, additional, Krieger, Inna, additional, Planck, Kyle, additional, Perkowski, Andrew, additional, Kaneko, Takushi, additional, Davis, Andrew M., additional, Suh, Christine, additional, Zhang, David, additional, Goullieux, Laurent, additional, Alex, Alexander, additional, Roubert, Christine, additional, Gardner, Mark, additional, Preston, Marian, additional, Smith, Dave M., additional, Ling, Yan, additional, Roberts, Julia, additional, Cautain, Bastien, additional, Upton, Anna, additional, Cooper, Christopher B., additional, Serbina, Natalya, additional, Tanvir, Zaid, additional, Mosior, John, additional, Ouerfelli, Ouathek, additional, Yang, Guangli, additional, Gold, Ben S., additional, Rhee, Kyu Y., additional, Sacchettini, James C., additional, Fotouhi, Nader, additional, Aubé, Jeffrey, additional, and Nathan, Carl, additional

Published
2024
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14. Reducing social security contribution rate on the financial performance of state-owned and non-state-owned manufacturing industries in the post-epidemic era.

Author

Zhang, Liangchen and Yang, Guangli

Subjects
*FINANCIAL performance, *SOCIAL security, *SMALL business, *PENSION trusts, *INSURANCE premiums
Abstract

Social insurance is an essential component of a contemporary social security system since it protects people's fundamental well-being, but it also incurs a heavy cost for businesses. If social security costs are excessively high, business profitability will suffer, and innovation will be discouraged. The most affected companies would be those in labor-intensive industries and medium-sized enterprises. Chinese businesses have suffered severe losses as a result of the COVID-19 outbreak. Given the circumstance, China enacted additional tax cuts and preferential social insurance premium plans. This article suggests a lower ratio of contribution as a strategy to cut the cost of social insurance premiums for businesses, given the growth of the social security fund in recent years and the proportion of participants to recipients in pension funds. It would be possible to increase firm profitability and lessen the impact of COVID-19 on industries by minimizing this operation burden. In order to compare the financial performance of state-owned manufacturers (SOMs) to that of their non-state-owned peers, who have a lower ratio of contribution, this study uses a multiple regression model. The ratio of contributions was inversely correlated with an enterprise's financial performance. In other words, financial performance will improve as the ratio of contribution lowers; nevertheless, this effect is more pronounced in SOMs. The final section of this study proposed optimized approaches for social insurance premiums reform. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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18. Dual Fluorescence Isogenic Synthetic Lethal Kinase Screen and High-Content Secondary Screening for MUC16/CA125 Selective Agents

Author

Rao, Thapi Dharma., primary, Xu, Mengyao, additional, Eng, Stephanie, additional, Yang, Guangli, additional, Manson, Robin, additional, Rosales, Nestor, additional, Kumar, Raj, additional, Veillard, Irva E., additional, Zhou, Qin, additional, Iasonos, Alexia, additional, Ouerfelli, Ouathek, additional, Djaballah, Hakim, additional, Spriggs, David R., additional, and Yeku, Oladapo O., additional

Published
2022
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19. Immunization with a combination of recombinant Brucella abortus proteins induces T helper immune response and confers protection against wild‐type challenge in BALB/c mice

Author

Li, Zhiqiang, primary, Wang, Shuli, additional, Wei, Shujuan, additional, Yang, Guangli, additional, Zhang, Chunmei, additional, Xi, Li, additional, Zhang, Jinliang, additional, Cui, Yanyan, additional, Hao, Junfang, additional, Zhang, Huan, additional, and Zhang, Hui, additional

Published
2022
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27. Characterization of Phosphopantetheinyl Hydrolase from Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Author

Pandey, Shilpika, primary, Singh, Amrita, additional, Yang, Guangli, additional, d’Andrea, Felipe B., additional, Jiang, Xiuju, additional, Hartman, Travis E., additional, Mosior, John W., additional, Bourland, Ronnie, additional, Gold, Ben, additional, Roberts, Julia, additional, Geiger, Annie, additional, Tang, Su, additional, Rhee, Kyu, additional, Ouerfelli, Ouathek, additional, Sacchettini, James C., additional, Nathan, Carl F., additional, and Burns-Huang, Kristin, additional

Published
2021
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29. Comparison of: (2S,4R)-4-[¹⁸F]Fluoroglutamine, [¹¹C]Methionine, and 2-Deoxy-2-[¹⁸F]Fluoro-D-Glucose and Two Small-Animal PET/CT Systems Imaging Rat Gliomas

Author

Miner, Maxwell W. G., Liljenbäck, Heidi, Virta, Jenni, Helin, Semi, Eskola, Olli, Elo, Petri, Teuho, Jarmo, Seppälä, Kerttu, Oikonen, Vesa, Yang, Guangli, Kindler-Röhrborn, Andrea, Minn, Heikki, Li, Xiang-Guo, and Roivainen, Anne

Subjects
Medizin
Abstract

Purpose: The three positron emission tomography (PET) imaging compounds: (2S,4R)-4-[¹⁸F]Fluoroglutamine ([¹⁸F]FGln), L-[methyl-¹¹C]Methionine ([¹¹C]Met), and 2-deoxy-2-[¹⁸F]fluoro-D-glucose ([¹⁸F]FDG) were investigated to contrast their ability to image orthotopic BT4C gliomas in BDIX rats. Two separate small animal imaging systems were compared for their tumor detection potential. Dynamic acquisition of [¹⁸F]FGln was evaluated with multiple pharmacokinetic models for future quantitative comparison. Procedures: Up to four imaging studies were performed on each orthotopically grafted BT4C glioma-bearing BDIX rat subject (n = 16) on four consecutive days. First, a DOTAREM® contrast enhanced MRI followed by attenuation correction CT and dynamic PET imaging with each radiopharmaceutical (20 min [¹¹C]Met, 60 min [¹⁸F]FDG, and 60 min [¹⁸F]FGln with either the Molecubes PET/CT (n = 5) or Inveon PET/CT cameras (n = 11). Ex vivo brain autoradiography was completed for each radiopharmaceutical and [¹⁸F]FGln pharmacokinetics were studied by injecting 40 MBq into healthy BDIX rats (n = 10) and collecting blood samples between 5 and 60 min. Erythrocyte uptake, plasma protein binding and plasma parent-fraction were combined to estimate the total blood bioavailability of [¹⁸F]FGln over time. The corrected PET-image blood data was then applied to multiple pharmacokinetic models. Results: Average BT4C tumor-to-healthy brain tissue uptake ratios (TBR) for PET images reached maxima of: [¹⁸F]FGln TBR: 1.99 ± 0.19 (n = 13), [¹⁸F]FDG TBR: 1.41 ± 0.11 (n = 6), and [¹¹C]Met TBR: 1.08 ± 0.08, (n = 12) for the dynamic PET images. Pharmacokinetic modeling in dynamic [¹⁸F]FGln studies suggested both reversible and irreversible uptake play a similar role. Imaging with Inveon and Molecubes yielded similar end-result ratios with insignificant differences (p > 0.25). Conclusions: In orthotopic BT4C gliomas, [¹⁸F]FGln may offer improved imaging versus [¹¹C]Met and [¹⁸F]FDG. No significant difference in normalized end-result data was found between the Inveon and Molecubes camera systems. Kinetic modelling of [¹⁸F]FGln uptake suggests that both reversible and irreversible uptake play an important role in BDIX rat pharmacokinetics. CA extern

Published
2021

30. CSF1/CSF1R Signaling Inhibitor Pexidartinib (PLX3397) Reprograms Tumor-Associated Macrophages and Stimulates T-cell Infiltration in the Sarcoma Microenvironment

Author

Fujiwara, Tomohiro, primary, Yakoub, Mohamed A., additional, Chandler, Andrew, additional, Christ, Alexander B., additional, Yang, Guangli, additional, Ouerfelli, Ouathek, additional, Rajasekhar, Vinagolu K., additional, Yoshida, Aki, additional, Kondo, Hiroya, additional, Hata, Toshiaki, additional, Tazawa, Hiroshi, additional, Dogan, Yildirim, additional, Moore, Malcolm A.S., additional, Fujiwara, Toshiyoshi, additional, Ozaki, Toshifumi, additional, Purdue, Ed, additional, and Healey, John H., additional

Published
2021
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32. Identification of the Genetic Basis for the Large-tailed Phenotypic Trait in Han Sheep Through Integrated mRNA and miRNA Analysis of Tail Fat Tissue Samples

Author

Wang Qiankun, Li Xiangyu, Yang Guangli, Zhang Shuhong, Li Ming, Wang Guan, Gao Fengyi, Li Zhiqiang, Yan Yongfeng, and Zhang Huan

Subjects
Messenger RNA, Text mining, business.industry, microRNA, Adipose tissue, Identification (biology), Phenotypic trait, Computational biology, Biology, business
Abstract

Background: While evolution has led certain breeds of sheep to exhibit large tails composed of fatty tissue, the genetic basis for this fatty large-tailed phenotypic trait remains to be defined in breeds of Han sheep. Here, we employed a high-throughput sequencing approach to identify mRNAs and microRNAs (miRNAs) that were differentially expressed in tail fat tissue samples from large-tailed Han (LTH) and small-tailed Han (STH) sheep in order to identify key genetic determinants of the large-tailed phenotype.Results: In total, we identified 521 mRNAs (237 upregulated, 284 downregulated) and 14 miRNAs (6 upregulated, 8 downregulated) that were differentially expressed between these two sheep breeds. Predictive analytical database tools were subsequently utilized to identify 2,409 putative targets of these differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs), including 65 which were among the list of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) identified in the present study. By specifically focusing on predicted DEM/DEG pairs with appropriate regulatory directionality, we identified DIRF, HSD17B12, LPL, APOBR, INSIGI, THRSP, ACSL5, FAAH, ACSS2, APOA1, ACLY, and ACSM3 through mRNA analyses and ACSL4, FTO, FGF8, IGF2, GNPDA2, LIPG, PRKAA2, ELOVL7, SOAT2, and SIRT1 through miRNA analyses as candidate genes which may regulate fat deposition and fatty acid metabolism in the adipose tissue from the tails of Han sheep. Conclusion: Together, our data provide insight into the potential genetic basis for the large-tailed phenotype of LTH sheep, suggesting that it may be attributable to specific DEMs and DEGs that regulate one another and thereby control lipid metabolism. These data provide a basis for future research regarding the role of these genes in ovine tail fat deposition, and offer preliminary perspectives on the molecular mechanisms governing the fatty large-tailed phenotype in LTH sheep.

Published
2020

33. Targeting eIF4A-Dependent Translation of KRAS Signaling Molecules

Author

Singh, Kamini, primary, Lin, Jianan, additional, Lecomte, Nicolas, additional, Mohan, Prathibha, additional, Gokce, Askan, additional, Sanghvi, Viraj R., additional, Jiang, Man, additional, Grbovic-Huezo, Olivera, additional, Burčul, Antonija, additional, Stark, Stefan G., additional, Romesser, Paul B., additional, Chang, Qing, additional, Melchor, Jerry P., additional, Beyer, Rachel K., additional, Duggan, Mark, additional, Fukase, Yoshiyuki, additional, Yang, Guangli, additional, Ouerfelli, Ouathek, additional, Viale, Agnes, additional, de Stanchina, Elisa, additional, Stamford, Andrew W., additional, Meinke, Peter T., additional, Rätsch, Gunnar, additional, Leach, Steven D., additional, Ouyang, Zhengqing, additional, and Wendel, Hans-Guido, additional

Published
2021
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36. Design and analysis of an R-shaped dual-band planar inverted-F antenna for vehicular applications

Author

Ali, Mohammod, Yang, Guangli, Hwang, Huan-Sheng, and Sittironnarit, Tuangsit

Subjects
Antennas (Electronics) -- Research, Business, Electronics, Electronics and electrical industries, Transportation industry
Abstract

A dual-band R-shaped planar inverted-F antenna is proposed for vehicular application. Utilization of this unique geometry dual-frequency operation is achieved with a single feed. The proposed antenna operates in the 225- and 450-MHz bands. Input impedance and return loss data as function of various antenna parameters are presented, which show that parameters can be adjusted in order to obtain optimum tuning. Radiation pattern data for the antenna mounted on the roof of two types of vehicles are given. The pattern in the low-frequency band is essentially omnidirectional while that in the high-frequency band is directional and normal to the antenna surface. With proper scaling, this antenna may be suitable for dual-band GSM 900/1800-MHz phone applications. Index Terms--Antenna, dual band, planar inverted-F antenna (PIFA), vehicular.

Published
2004

37. Anomeric effects of sulfones

Author

Chen, Guangwu, Franck, Richard W., Yang, Guangli, and Blumenstein, Michael

Subjects
Substitution reactions -- Analysis, Hydrogen, Sulfones, Chemical research -- Analysis
Abstract

The anomeric effect of the sulfone group in tetrahydropyrans has been determined. The value is >2 kcal [mol.sup.1], which is larger than the A-value of a methyl group but less than the A-value of the sulfone in a tetrahydropyran. Hence, in an unsubstituted tetrabydropyranyl sulfone, the equatorial conformer predominates, whereas in a properly substituted methyltetrahydropyranyl sulfone, an axial sulfone is preferred over an axial methyl group. Key words: sulfone, tetrahydropyran, anomeric effect.

Published
2002

42. A Small-Molecule Pan-Id Antagonist Inhibits Pathologic Ocular Neovascularization

Author

Wojnarowicz, Paulina M., primary, Lima e Silva, Raquel, additional, Ohnaka, Masayuki, additional, Lee, Sang Bae, additional, Chin, Yvette, additional, Kulukian, Anita, additional, Chang, Sung-Hee, additional, Desai, Bina, additional, Garcia Escolano, Marta, additional, Shah, Riddhi, additional, Garcia-Cao, Marta, additional, Xu, Sijia, additional, Kadam, Rashmi, additional, Goldgur, Yehuda, additional, Miller, Meredith A., additional, Ouerfelli, Ouathek, additional, Yang, Guangli, additional, Arakawa, Tsutomu, additional, Albanese, Steven K., additional, Garland, William A., additional, Stoller, Glenn, additional, Chaudhary, Jaideep, additional, Norton, Larry, additional, Soni, Rajesh Kumar, additional, Philip, John, additional, Hendrickson, Ronald C., additional, Iavarone, Antonio, additional, Dannenberg, Andrew J., additional, Chodera, John D., additional, Pavletich, Nikola, additional, Lasorella, Anna, additional, Campochiaro, Peter A., additional, and Benezra, Robert, additional

Published
2019
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43. Comparison of: (2 S ,4 R)-4-[18F]Fluoroglutamine, [11C]Methionine, and 2-Deoxy-2-[18F]Fluoro- D -Glucose and Two Small-Animal PET/CT Systems Imaging Rat Gliomas.

Author

Miner, Maxwell W. G., Liljenbäck, Heidi, Virta, Jenni, Helin, Semi, Eskola, Olli, Elo, Petri, Teuho, Jarmo, Seppälä, Kerttu, Oikonen, Vesa, Yang, Guangli, Kindler-Röhrborn, Andrea, Minn, Heikki, Li, Xiang-Guo, and Roivainen, Anne

Subjects
COMPUTED tomography, IMAGING systems, POSITRON emission tomography computed tomography, AUTORADIOGRAPHY, CONTRAST-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging, GLIOMAS, METHIONINE
Abstract

Purpose: The three positron emission tomography (PET) imaging compounds: (2 S ,4 R)-4-[18F]Fluoroglutamine ([18F]FGln), L -[methyl-11C]Methionine ([11C]Met), and 2-deoxy-2-[18F]fluoro- D -glucose ([18F]FDG) were investigated to contrast their ability to image orthotopic BT4C gliomas in BDIX rats. Two separate small animal imaging systems were compared for their tumor detection potential. Dynamic acquisition of [18F]FGln was evaluated with multiple pharmacokinetic models for future quantitative comparison. Procedures: Up to four imaging studies were performed on each orthotopically grafted BT4C glioma-bearing BDIX rat subject (n = 16) on four consecutive days. First, a DOTAREM® contrast enhanced MRI followed by attenuation correction CT and dynamic PET imaging with each radiopharmaceutical (20 min [11C]Met, 60 min [18F]FDG, and 60 min [18F]FGln with either the Molecubes PET/CT (n = 5) or Inveon PET/CT cameras (n = 11). Ex vivo brain autoradiography was completed for each radiopharmaceutical and [18F]FGln pharmacokinetics were studied by injecting 40 MBq into healthy BDIX rats (n = 10) and collecting blood samples between 5 and 60 min. Erythrocyte uptake, plasma protein binding and plasma parent-fraction were combined to estimate the total blood bioavailability of [18F]FGln over time. The corrected PET-image blood data was then applied to multiple pharmacokinetic models. Results: Average BT4C tumor-to-healthy brain tissue uptake ratios (TBR) for PET images reached maxima of: [18F]FGln TBR: 1.99 ± 0.19 (n = 13), [18F]FDG TBR: 1.41 ± 0.11 (n = 6), and [11C]Met TBR: 1.08 ± 0.08, (n = 12) for the dynamic PET images. Pharmacokinetic modeling in dynamic [18F]FGln studies suggested both reversible and irreversible uptake play a similar role. Imaging with Inveon and Molecubes yielded similar end-result ratios with insignificant differences (p > 0.25). Conclusions: In orthotopic BT4C gliomas, [18F]FGln may offer improved imaging versus [11C]Met and [18F]FDG. No significant difference in normalized end-result data was found between the Inveon and Molecubes camera systems. Kinetic modelling of [18F]FGln uptake suggests that both reversible and irreversible uptake play an important role in BDIX rat pharmacokinetics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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45. The Polycomb Repressor Complex 1 Drives Double-Negative Prostate Cancer Metastasis by Coordinating Stemness and Immune Suppression

Author

Su, Wenjing, primary, Han, Hyun Ho, additional, Wang, Yan, additional, Zhang, Boyu, additional, Zhou, Bing, additional, Cheng, Yuanming, additional, Rumandla, Alekya, additional, Gurrapu, Sreeharsha, additional, Chakraborty, Goutam, additional, Su, Jie, additional, Yang, Guangli, additional, Liang, Xin, additional, Wang, Guocan, additional, Rosen, Neal, additional, Scher, Howard I., additional, Ouerfelli, Ouathek, additional, and Giancotti, Filippo G., additional

Published
2019
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