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3. Bargaining power, ownership and control of international joint ventures in Taiwan

Author

Yang, Min Li

Subjects
658.11440951249, HF Commerce, HB Economic Theory
Abstract

This thesis provides an empirical analysis of international joint venture activities in Taiwan. The primary purpose is to examine control and its antecedents in terms of ownership, bargaining power, resources contribution, and motivation for forming international joint ventures. Primary data collected by a mail questionnaire is analysed along five core dimensions of international joint venture activities. First, the mechanism, focus, and extent of parent control is identified and tested in a number of sample characteristics. These empirical results also reveal that most joint ventures in Taiwan have higher autonomy and have more autonomy on the appointment of key function managers. Parent firms seek to focus their control over specific activities of the joint ventures rather than attempting to control the entire range of joint venture activities. Second, the results of equity shares held by the host country parents and foreign parents show that both parents have minority shareholding in the joint ventures. A higher ownership by the parents in joint ventures indicates that they have a higher percentage of board members. Third, the relative importance of a set of bargaining power is identified with hypothesis testing of the relationship between control and bargaining power. There is little evidence that the relationship between bargaining power and control is not closely associated. Fourth, the relative importance of resource contribution by parents is identified and hypotheses are tested on the relationship between control and resource contribution factors. The results are strongly supported that the relationships between resource contributions in terms of physical, invisible, financial, human, and organizational ability of parents and their control has significant and positive associations. Fifth, the relative importance of a set of motives for international joint venture formation is identified and hypotheses are tested on the relationship between control and motivation factors in terms of technological acquisition, knowledge learning, risk sharing, competitive strategy consideration, resource complementarily, market expansion. The findings reveal a limited number of significant correlations between motivation factors and control.

Published
2006

5. Electromechanical Dynamics Model of Ultrasonic Transducer in Ultrasonic Machining Based on Equivalent Circuit Approach

Author

Jian-Guo Zhang, Zhi-Li Long, Wen-Ju Ma, Guang-Hao Hu, and Yang-Min Li

Subjects
impedance model, equivalent circuit, ultrasonic transducer, rotary ultrasonic machining (RUM), Chemical technology, TP1-1185
Abstract

Ultrasonic transducer is a piezoelectric actuator that converts AC electrical energy into ultrasonic mechanical vibration to accelerate the material removal rate of workpiece in rotary ultrasonic machining (RUM). In this study, an impedance model of the ultrasonic transducer is established by the electromechanical equivalent approach. The impedance model not only facilitates the structure design of the ultrasonic transducer, but also predicts the effects of different mechanical structural dimensions on the impedance characteristics of the ultrasonic transducer. Moreover, the effects of extension length of the machining tool and the tightening torque of the clamping nut on the impedance characteristics of the ultrasonic transducer are investigated. Finally, through experimental analysis, the impedance transfer function with external force is established to analyze the dynamic characteristics of machining process.

Published
2019
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7. KAT2A Promotes Hepatitis B Virus Transcription and Replication Through Epigenetic Regulation of cccDNA Minichromosome

Author

Qin, Yi-Ping, primary, Yu, Hai-Bo, additional, Yuan, Si-Yu, additional, Yang, Zhen, additional, Ren, Fang, additional, Wang, Qing, additional, Li, Fan, additional, Ren, Ji-Hua, additional, Cheng, Sheng-Tao, additional, Zhou, Yu-Jiao, additional, He, Xin, additional, Zhou, Hong-Zhong, additional, Zhang, Yuan, additional, Tan, Ming, additional, Yang, Min-Li, additional, Zhang, Da-Peng, additional, Wen, Xu, additional, Dong, Mei-Ling, additional, Zhang, Hui, additional, Liu, Jing, additional, Li, Zhi-Hong, additional, Chen, Yao, additional, Huang, Ai-Long, additional, Chen, Wei-Xian, additional, and Chen, Juan, additional

Published
2022
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9. Geological controls over coal-bed methane well production in southern Qinshui basin

Author

Mengxi Li, Lin Li, Hui-hu Liu, Yang-min Li, and Shuxun Sang

Subjects
Petroleum engineering, Coalbed methane, business.industry, Anticline, Earth and Planetary Sciences(all), Qinshui basin, General Medicine, Structural basin, complex mixtures, coal-bed methane well, Methane, chemistry.chemical_compound, Permeability (earth sciences), chemistry, Reservoir pressure, Coal, Syncline, business, Petrology, gas production, Geology, geological control
Abstract

Southern Qinshui basin is the only area where coal-bed methane (CBM) in anthracitic reservoir is developed in large scale, making the research on development geology an urgent task. The results of tracking geological research on developing engineering of coal-bed methane show that 1) geological structure, tectonic stress field, and coal reservoir pressure control regional changes in productivity; 2) high productivity wells in research area distribute in the secondary anticline core synclinorium while low productivity wells mainly distribute in secondary anticline core of anticlinorium or normal fault zone; 3) primary reservoir pressure has a remarkable effect on coal-bed methane well production; and 4) tectonic stress fields determine development of folds and closure of fractures and control gas content and permeability of coal. The coal reservoir structure is the basic factor affecting productivity of coal-bed methane wells while gas content and permeability are direct geological factors controlling coalbed methane well production. In addition, factors of desorption, diffusion, and seepage network related to reservoir structure determine the development difficulty.

Published
2009

11. Anti-inflammatory effects of potato extract on a rat model of cigarette smoke–induced chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Author

Xu, Gui Hua, primary, Shen, Jie, additional, Sun, Peng, additional, Yang, Min Li, additional, Zhao, Peng Wei, additional, Niu, Yan, additional, Lu, Jing Kun, additional, Wang, Zhi Qiang, additional, Gao, Chao, additional, Han, Xue, additional, Liu, Lei Lei, additional, Liu, Chen Chen, additional, and Cong, Zhang Yue, additional

Published
2015
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12. Bargaining power, ownership and control of international joint ventures in Taiwan

Author

Yang, Min Li and Yang, Min Li

Abstract

This thesis provides an empirical analysis of international joint venture activities in Taiwan. The primary purpose is to examine control and its antecedents in terms of ownership, bargaining power, resources contribution, and motivation for forming international joint ventures. Primary data collected by a mail questionnaire is analysed along five core dimensions of international joint venture activities. First, the mechanism, focus, and extent of parent control is identified and tested in a number of sample characteristics. These empirical results also reveal that most joint ventures in Taiwan have higher autonomy and have more autonomy on the appointment of key function managers. Parent firms seek to focus their control over specific activities of the joint ventures rather than attempting to control the entire range of joint venture activities. Second, the results of equity shares held by the host country parents and foreign parents show that both parents have minority shareholding in the joint ventures. A higher ownership by the parents in joint ventures indicates that they have a higher percentage of board members. Third, the relative importance of a set of bargaining power is identified with hypothesis testing of the relationship between control and bargaining power. There is little evidence that the relationship between bargaining power and control is not closely associated. Fourth, the relative importance of resource contribution by parents is identified and hypotheses are tested on the relationship between control and resource contribution factors. The results are strongly supported that the relationships between resource contributions in terms of physical, invisible, financial, human, and organizational ability of parents and their control has significant and positive associations. Fifth, the relative importance of a set of motives for international joint venture formation is identified and hypotheses are tested on the relationship between control and motiv

13. Bargaining power, ownership and control of international joint ventures in Taiwan

Author

Yang, Min Li and Yang, Min Li

Abstract

This thesis provides an empirical analysis of international joint venture activities in Taiwan. The primary purpose is to examine control and its antecedents in terms of ownership, bargaining power, resources contribution, and motivation for forming international joint ventures. Primary data collected by a mail questionnaire is analysed along five core dimensions of international joint venture activities. First, the mechanism, focus, and extent of parent control is identified and tested in a number of sample characteristics. These empirical results also reveal that most joint ventures in Taiwan have higher autonomy and have more autonomy on the appointment of key function managers. Parent firms seek to focus their control over specific activities of the joint ventures rather than attempting to control the entire range of joint venture activities. Second, the results of equity shares held by the host country parents and foreign parents show that both parents have minority shareholding in the joint ventures. A higher ownership by the parents in joint ventures indicates that they have a higher percentage of board members. Third, the relative importance of a set of bargaining power is identified with hypothesis testing of the relationship between control and bargaining power. There is little evidence that the relationship between bargaining power and control is not closely associated. Fourth, the relative importance of resource contribution by parents is identified and hypotheses are tested on the relationship between control and resource contribution factors. The results are strongly supported that the relationships between resource contributions in terms of physical, invisible, financial, human, and organizational ability of parents and their control has significant and positive associations. Fifth, the relative importance of a set of motives for international joint venture formation is identified and hypotheses are tested on the relationship between control and motiv

14. Bargaining power, ownership and control of international joint ventures in Taiwan

Author

Yang, Min Li and Yang, Min Li

Abstract

This thesis provides an empirical analysis of international joint venture activities in Taiwan. The primary purpose is to examine control and its antecedents in terms of ownership, bargaining power, resources contribution, and motivation for forming international joint ventures. Primary data collected by a mail questionnaire is analysed along five core dimensions of international joint venture activities. First, the mechanism, focus, and extent of parent control is identified and tested in a number of sample characteristics. These empirical results also reveal that most joint ventures in Taiwan have higher autonomy and have more autonomy on the appointment of key function managers. Parent firms seek to focus their control over specific activities of the joint ventures rather than attempting to control the entire range of joint venture activities. Second, the results of equity shares held by the host country parents and foreign parents show that both parents have minority shareholding in the joint ventures. A higher ownership by the parents in joint ventures indicates that they have a higher percentage of board members. Third, the relative importance of a set of bargaining power is identified with hypothesis testing of the relationship between control and bargaining power. There is little evidence that the relationship between bargaining power and control is not closely associated. Fourth, the relative importance of resource contribution by parents is identified and hypotheses are tested on the relationship between control and resource contribution factors. The results are strongly supported that the relationships between resource contributions in terms of physical, invisible, financial, human, and organizational ability of parents and their control has significant and positive associations. Fifth, the relative importance of a set of motives for international joint venture formation is identified and hypotheses are tested on the relationship between control and motiv

15. Bargaining power, ownership and control of international joint ventures in Taiwan

Author

Yang, Min Li and Yang, Min Li

Abstract

This thesis provides an empirical analysis of international joint venture activities in Taiwan. The primary purpose is to examine control and its antecedents in terms of ownership, bargaining power, resources contribution, and motivation for forming international joint ventures. Primary data collected by a mail questionnaire is analysed along five core dimensions of international joint venture activities. First, the mechanism, focus, and extent of parent control is identified and tested in a number of sample characteristics. These empirical results also reveal that most joint ventures in Taiwan have higher autonomy and have more autonomy on the appointment of key function managers. Parent firms seek to focus their control over specific activities of the joint ventures rather than attempting to control the entire range of joint venture activities. Second, the results of equity shares held by the host country parents and foreign parents show that both parents have minority shareholding in the joint ventures. A higher ownership by the parents in joint ventures indicates that they have a higher percentage of board members. Third, the relative importance of a set of bargaining power is identified with hypothesis testing of the relationship between control and bargaining power. There is little evidence that the relationship between bargaining power and control is not closely associated. Fourth, the relative importance of resource contribution by parents is identified and hypotheses are tested on the relationship between control and resource contribution factors. The results are strongly supported that the relationships between resource contributions in terms of physical, invisible, financial, human, and organizational ability of parents and their control has significant and positive associations. Fifth, the relative importance of a set of motives for international joint venture formation is identified and hypotheses are tested on the relationship between control and motiv

16. Bargaining power, ownership and control of international joint ventures in Taiwan

Author

Yang, Min Li and Yang, Min Li

Abstract

This thesis provides an empirical analysis of international joint venture activities in Taiwan. The primary purpose is to examine control and its antecedents in terms of ownership, bargaining power, resources contribution, and motivation for forming international joint ventures. Primary data collected by a mail questionnaire is analysed along five core dimensions of international joint venture activities. First, the mechanism, focus, and extent of parent control is identified and tested in a number of sample characteristics. These empirical results also reveal that most joint ventures in Taiwan have higher autonomy and have more autonomy on the appointment of key function managers. Parent firms seek to focus their control over specific activities of the joint ventures rather than attempting to control the entire range of joint venture activities. Second, the results of equity shares held by the host country parents and foreign parents show that both parents have minority shareholding in the joint ventures. A higher ownership by the parents in joint ventures indicates that they have a higher percentage of board members. Third, the relative importance of a set of bargaining power is identified with hypothesis testing of the relationship between control and bargaining power. There is little evidence that the relationship between bargaining power and control is not closely associated. Fourth, the relative importance of resource contribution by parents is identified and hypotheses are tested on the relationship between control and resource contribution factors. The results are strongly supported that the relationships between resource contributions in terms of physical, invisible, financial, human, and organizational ability of parents and their control has significant and positive associations. Fifth, the relative importance of a set of motives for international joint venture formation is identified and hypotheses are tested on the relationship between control and motiv

17. Bargaining power, ownership and control of international joint ventures in Taiwan

Author

Yang, Min Li and Yang, Min Li

Abstract

This thesis provides an empirical analysis of international joint venture activities in Taiwan. The primary purpose is to examine control and its antecedents in terms of ownership, bargaining power, resources contribution, and motivation for forming international joint ventures. Primary data collected by a mail questionnaire is analysed along five core dimensions of international joint venture activities. First, the mechanism, focus, and extent of parent control is identified and tested in a number of sample characteristics. These empirical results also reveal that most joint ventures in Taiwan have higher autonomy and have more autonomy on the appointment of key function managers. Parent firms seek to focus their control over specific activities of the joint ventures rather than attempting to control the entire range of joint venture activities. Second, the results of equity shares held by the host country parents and foreign parents show that both parents have minority shareholding in the joint ventures. A higher ownership by the parents in joint ventures indicates that they have a higher percentage of board members. Third, the relative importance of a set of bargaining power is identified with hypothesis testing of the relationship between control and bargaining power. There is little evidence that the relationship between bargaining power and control is not closely associated. Fourth, the relative importance of resource contribution by parents is identified and hypotheses are tested on the relationship between control and resource contribution factors. The results are strongly supported that the relationships between resource contributions in terms of physical, invisible, financial, human, and organizational ability of parents and their control has significant and positive associations. Fifth, the relative importance of a set of motives for international joint venture formation is identified and hypotheses are tested on the relationship between control and motiv

18. Psychological status of patients with skeletal Class III malocclusion undergoing bimaxillary surgery: A comparative study.

Author

Wang BL and Yang ML

Subjects
Humans, Female, Male, Young Adult, Adult, Malocclusion, Angle Class III surgery, Malocclusion, Angle Class III psychology, Self Concept, Orthognathic Surgical Procedures psychology, Anxiety psychology, Anxiety etiology
Abstract

Skeletal Class III malocclusion can significantly impact psychological well-being. Although bimaxillary surgery is a well-established corrective intervention, its psychological effects are not fully understood. This study aims to investigate changes in self-esteem, sensitivity to criticism, and social appearance anxiety following surgery to inform targeted nursing interventions for psychological adaptation. This comparative study included 205 participants: 150 patients with skeletal Class III malocclusion who underwent bimaxillary surgery, and a control group of 55 individuals without malocclusion. The malocclusion group had a mean age of 21.99 ± 2.28 years (96 males, 109 females). The control group consisted of department interns with Class I occlusion, normal overjet and overbite, and typical facial appearance, with a mean age of 21.61 ± 2.40 years (26 males, 29 females). Psychological assessments, validated for reliability, measured self-esteem, sensitivity to criticism, and social appearance anxiety before and after surgery. Statistical analyses, including independent sample t tests and one-way ANOVA, were performed to compare outcomes between the groups, with a significance level set at P < .05. Preoperative assessments revealed that patients with skeletal Class III malocclusion had significantly lower self-esteem and higher sensitivity to criticism and social appearance anxiety compared to the control group (P < .05). Postoperatively, there were modest improvements in self-esteem and significant reductions in sensitivity to criticism and social appearance anxiety, though levels of social appearance anxiety remained higher than those in the control group (P < .05). No significant differences in self-esteem and sensitivity to criticism were observed between the surgical and control groups postoperatively (P > .05). Within-group comparisons showed significant improvements in all measures after surgery (P < .05). Bimaxillary surgery positively affects the psychological well-being of patients with skeletal Class III malocclusion, enhancing self-esteem and reducing sensitivity to criticism and social appearance anxiety. However, some psychological concerns persist, indicating a need for targeted nursing interventions to further support these patients' psychological well-being., Competing Interests: The authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose., (Copyright © 2024 the Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.)

Published
2024
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19. [Extremely low frequency electromagnetic field induces apoptosis of osteosarcoma cells via oxidative stress].

Author

Yang ML and Ye ZM

Subjects
Acetylcysteine, Cell Line, Tumor, Cell Proliferation, Humans, Imidazoles, Phosphorylation, Pyridines, Reactive Oxygen Species metabolism, p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases metabolism, Apoptosis, Electromagnetic Fields, Osteosarcoma pathology, Oxidative Stress
Abstract

Objective: To investigate the effects of extremely low frequency electromagnetic field (ELF-EMF) on human osteosarcoma cells and its mechanisms., Methods: Human osteosarcoma MG-63 cells were exposed to 50 Hz,1 mT ELF-EMF for 1, 2 and 3 h in vitro, with or without pretreatment by reactive oxygen species (ROS) inhibitor N acetylcysteine (NAC) or p38MAPK inhibitor SB203580. The proliferation of MG-63 cells was determined by MTT method; the apoptosis rate and ROS level in MG-63 cells were detected by flow cytometry. The expression of p38MAPK in MG-63 cells was determined by Western blotting., Results: ELF-EMF decreased the viability of MG-63 cells, inhibited cell growth, induced cell apoptosis and increased the level of ROS significantly. The apoptosis rate declined significantly after treatment with ROS inhibitor NAC or p38MAPK inhibitor SB203580. After exposure to ELF-EMF, p38MAPK in MG-63 cells was activated, and the phosphorylation level was also inhibited after treatment with NAC., Conclusion: ELF-EMF can induce the apoptosis of MG-63 cells. Increased ROS and p38MAPK activation may be involved in the mechanism.

Published
2015
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