1. The affective gradient hypothesis: an affect-centered account of motivated behavior
- Author
-
Shenhav, Amitai
- Subjects
Biological Psychology ,Psychology ,Mental Health ,Behavioral and Social Science ,Basic Behavioral and Social Science ,cognitive control ,decision-making ,emotion ,goal-directed behavior ,motivation ,self-regulation ,value ,Information and Computing Sciences ,Medical and Health Sciences ,Psychology and Cognitive Sciences ,Experimental Psychology ,Clinical and health psychology ,Cognitive and computational psychology - Abstract
Everyone agrees that feelings and actions are intertwined, but cannot agree how. According to dominant models, actions are directed by estimates of value and these values shape or are shaped by affect. I propose instead that affect is the only form of value that drives actions. Our mind constantly represents potential future states and how they would make us feel. These states collectively form a gradient reflecting feelings we could experience depending on actions we take. Motivated behavior reflects the process of traversing this affective gradient, towards desirable states and away from undesirable ones. This affective gradient hypothesis solves the puzzle of where values and goals come from, and offers a parsimonious account of apparent conflicts between emotion and cognition.
- Published
- 2024