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Stephanorhynchus White, 1846 is a eugnomine weevil genus endemic to New Zealand, with 18 nominal taxa described within the genus. Examination of the type specimens of these taxa with greater understanding of related genera has led to the distinction of four well-defined genera from the species ascribed to the genus. These are the monotypic genus Pittosporobiusgen. nov., with type species P. crassus (Broun, 1880) comb. nov.; Moanusgen. nov., with type species M. lawsoni (Sharp, 1876) comb. nov., and including M. brevipennis (Pascoe, 1876) comb. nov. (= Stephanorhynchus griseipictus Broun, 1886 syn. nov.), M. nigrosparsus (Broun, 1893) comb. nov. (= Stephanorhynchus pygmaeus Broun, 1903 - syn. nov.) and M. tumulus Mazur and Brown sp. nov. (type locality Mt Dick, Otago Lakes, South Island, New Zealand); Glabrorhynchusgen. nov., with type species G. costifer (Broun, 1893) comb. nov., and including G. insolitus (Broun, 1893) comb. nov., G. purus (Pascoe, 1876) comb. nov., and G. halli (Broun, 1914) comb. nov. A reduced concept of Stephanorhynchus White, 1846 contains now four species: S. curvipes White, 1846, S. tuberosus Broun, 1881, S. attelaboides (Fabricius, 1775), S. aper Sharp, 1886. All species within the complex have been redescribed, with details provided of their external morphology and terminal structure and supported by drawings and colour photographs. Keys to genera and species are also provided as well as distribution maps and information about host plants and biology. The systematic position of these genera within the Eugnomini and their similarity with the genus Callistomorphus Perroud, 1865 from New Caledonia are discussed.Article registered number New taxa Glabrorhynchus gen. nov. Moanus gen. nov. Moanus tumulus sp. nov.Pittosporobius gen. nov. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The spider fauna of most African regions is severely understudied, there is a need for revision of old data and publishing new records. The previous list of jumping spiders (Salticidae) of Uganda contained merely 25 species. The presented survey, which is based on material from several museum collections, provides new faunistic and taxonomic information. The data already available in the literature are critically reviewed and an updated checklist of jumping spiders from Uganda is published. Two new genera are established: Phintellosa gen. nov. with type species Maevia comosissima Simon, 1886 and Ruwenzorek gen. nov. with type species Ruwenzorek evansi gen. et sp. nov. Thirty-three species are newly described: Asemonea wagneri sp. nov. (♂), Dendryphantes ruwenzori sp. nov. (♂♀), Dendryphantes sasa sp. nov. (♀), Enoplomischus pulcher sp. nov. (♂♀), Evarcha degeni sp. nov. (♂), Finger minor sp. nov. (♂♀), Hermosa yurai sp. nov. (♂♀), Hermotimus cornutus sp. nov. (♂♀), Hyllus formosus sp. nov. (♀), Icius entebbensis sp. nov. (♂), Icius hortensis sp. nov. (♂), Longarenus mpanga sp. nov. (♀), Massagris budongo sp. nov. (♂♀), Mexcala inopinata sp. nov. (♂♀), Myrmarachne corusca sp. nov. (♀), Phintella bella sp. nov. (♂♀), Phintella jucunda sp. nov. (♀), Phintella nilotica sp. nov. (♂), Plexippoides dentatus sp. nov. (♂), Rhene amabilis sp. nov. (♂♀), Rhene eximia sp. nov. (♂♀), Rhene hexagon sp. nov. (♂♀), Rhene sororis sp. nov. (♀), Rhene ugandensis sp. nov. (♀), Ruwenzorek evansi gen. et sp. nov. (♀), Thiratoscirtus africanus sp. nov. (♂♀), Thiratoscirtus bwindi sp. nov. (♀), Thiratoscirtus magnus sp. nov. (♀), Thiratoscirtus spinifer sp. nov. (♂), Thyene masindi sp. nov. (♂♀), Thyene perfecta sp. nov. (♂), Tusitala ugandensis sp. nov. (♀) and Vicirionessa ignota sp. nov. (♀). Five specific names are synonymized: Enoplomischus spinosus Wesołowska, 2005 with Enoplomischus ghesquierei Giltay, 1931, Evarcha elegans Wesołowska & Russell-Smith, 2000 [removed from synonymy of Evarcha werneri (Simon, 1906)] with Hyllus dotatus (Peckham & Peckham, 1903), Myrmarachne mussungue Wanless, 1978 with Myrmarachne evidens Roewer, 1965, Plexippus fibulatus Dawidowicz & Wesołowska, 2016 with Schenkelia modesta Lessert, 1927 and Vicirionessa prenanti (Berland & Millot, 1941) with Vicirionessa fuscimana (Simon, 1903). Two new combinations are proposed: Phintella chopardi (Berland & Millot, 1941) comb. nov. ex Cosmophasis and Phintellosa comosissima (Simon, 1886) gen. et comb. nov. ex Maevia. The as yet unknown females of nine species are described for the first time: Alfenus calamistratus Simon, 1902, Baryphas scintillans Berland & Millot, 1941, Dendryphantes elgonensis Wesołowska & Dawidowicz, 2014, Depreissia myrmex Lessert, 1942, Mikrus ugandensis Wesołowska, 2001, Phintella brevis Wesołowska & Russell-Smith, 2022, Phintellosa comosissima (Simon, 1886), Thiratoscirtus patagonicus Simon, 1886 and Thyene verdieri (Berland & Millot, 1941). The resulting list of salticids from Uganda now contains 141 species, of which 116 are recorded in this country for the first time. There is little overlap in the species list of Uganda and that of the neighbouring countries, not exceeding 40%.

The species of the hoverfly genus Paramixogaster Brunetti, 1923 from the Oriental Region are revised. The resulting number of valid species is 15, of which the following four are described as new: P. halmaherensis Reemer, sp. nov., P. jubata Reemer, sp. nov., P. kodaiana Sankararaman & Reemer, sp. nov., and P. sulawesiana Reemer, sp. nov. Three new synonymies are established: Paramicrodon decipiens de Meijere, 1917, syn. nov. is a junior synonym of Microdon vespiformis de Meijere, 1908; Paramixogaster wegneri Keiser, 1964, syn. nov. is a junior synonym of Ceratophya indica Doleschall, 1857; Microdon subpetiolatus Thompson, 2020, syn. nov. is a junior synonym of Microdon contractus Brunetti, 1923. Paramixogaster huoi Reemer, nom. nov. is introduced as a replacement name for P. trifasciatus Huo & Zhao, 2022, which is a primary homonym of P. trifasciatus Ssymank & Reemer, 2016. Neotypes are designated for Paramixogaster icariiformis Pendlebury, 1927 and Myxogaster variegata Sack, 1922, and a lectotype is designated for Microdon vespiformis de Meijere, 1908. An identification key to the species and diagnoses for all species are provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The East Palaearctic species of the adeliine genus Paradelius De Saeger, 1942 are reviewed. The genus Sculptomyriola Belokobylskij, 1988 is synonymised with Paradelius and treated as its subgenus. The following species are transferred to subgenus Paradelius (Sculptomyriola): P. (Sc.) extremiorientalis (Belokobylskij, 1988), comb. nov. ; P. (Sc.) ghilarovi (Belokobylskij, 1988), comb. nov. ; P. (Sc.) neotropicalis Shimbori & Shaw, 2019; P. (Sc.) nigrus Whitfield, 1988; P. (Sc.) rubrus Whitfield, 1988; P. (Sc.) sinevi (Belokobylskij, 1998), comb. nov. A new species Paradelius (Sculptomyriola) koreanus sp. nov. from Korean Peninsula is described. The genus Sinadelius He & Chen, 2000 is synonymised with Paradelius De Saeger and also treated as its subgenus. The species Sinadelius guangxiensis He & Chen, 2000 and S. nigricans He & Chen, 2000 are transferred to Paradelius (Sinadelius) (comb. nov.). A key for determination of the World known Paradelius species from three its subgenera, Paradelius s.str., Sculptomyriola Belokobylskij and Sinadelius He & Chen, and illustrated redescriptions of the type of genus and its Asian species are provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Stephanorhynchus White, 1846 is a eugnomine weevil genus endemic to New Zealand, with 18 nominal taxa described within the genus. Examination of the type specimens of these taxa with greater understanding of related genera has led to the distinction of four well-defined genera from the species ascribed to the genus. These are the monotypic genus Pittosporobius gen. nov., with type species P. crassus (Broun, 1880) comb. nov.; Moanus gen. nov., with type species M. lawsoni (Sharp, 1876) comb. nov., and including M. brevipennis (Pascoe, 1876) comb. nov. (= Stephanorhynchus griseipictus Broun, 1886 syn. nov.), M. nigrosparsus (Broun, 1893) comb. nov. (= Stephanorhynchus pygmaeus Broun, 1903 - syn. nov.) and M. tumulus Mazur and Brown sp. nov. (type locality Mt Dick, Otago Lakes, South Island, New Zealand); Glabrorhynchus gen. nov., with type species G. costifer (Broun, 1893) comb. nov., and including G. insolitus (Broun, 1893) comb. nov., G. purus (Pascoe, 1876) comb. nov., and G. halli (Broun, 1914) comb. nov. A reduced concept of Stephanorhynchus White, 1846 contains now four species: S. curvipes White, 1846, S. tuberosus Broun, 1881, S. attelaboides (Fabricius, 1775), S. aper Sharp, 1886. All species within the complex have been redescribed, with details provided of their external morphology and terminal structure and supported by drawings and colour photographs. Keys to genera and species are also provided as well as distribution maps and information about host plants and biology. The systematic position of these genera within the Eugnomini and their similarity with the genus Callistomorphus Perroud, 1865 from New Caledonia are discussed.Article registered number https://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:567ABFD8-97A4-4F7E-9916-5E268DA632B3 New taxa Glabrorhynchus gen. nov. https://zoobank.org/nov.lsid:zoobank.org:act:F99EFE65-8843-450B-9F0B-6D72A136F507 Moanus gen. nov. https://zoobank.org/nov.lsid:zoobank.org:act:A54AC2A0-754F-47A9-A1A4-509285509808 Moanus tumulus sp. nov.https://zoobank.org/lsid:zoobank.org:act:B2B8E2A8-39ED-4824-BB0B-BBB990AF29CE Pittosporobius gen. nov.https://zoobank.org/lsid:zoobank.org:act:F71E94D9-71E6-466D-9B11-96659D7D1664

Plants of the lycophyte genus Phlegmariurus contain the chemical compound Huperzine A, the effective medicinal component treating Alzheimer's disease, thus with huge economic value. To protect the natural resources, plants of the whole genus are listed as the National Key Protected Wild plants in China. In this paper, we revised the taxonomy of Phlegmariurus distributed in China based on morphological, ecological, and geographical evidence. We recognized 21 species from China, and organized them into four sections. Sect. Fargesiani X. C. Zhang & R. H. Jiang is newly established, and the other three sections were revised based on previous studies, i.e., Sect. Hamiltoniani C. Y. Yang, emend. X. C. Zhang & R. H. Jiang; Sect. Phlegmariurus; and Sect. Squarrosurus (Herter) X. C. Zhang & R. H. Jiang, comb. & stat. nov. We reduced the following taxon names to synonymies of various species of Phlegmariurus: Huperzia medogensis, Phlegmariurus austrosinicus, P. changii, P. nylamensis, P. cancellatus var. minor, P. qiongzhongensis, and P. shangsiensis.

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Neoscytalidium dimidiatum, a plant- and human-associated fungus, has emerged as a substantial global ecological and agricultural threat aggravated by global warming. It inflicts various diseases, including canker, blight, dieback, leaf spot, root rot, and fruit rot, across a wide spectrum of fruit trees, field crops, shrubs, and arboreal species, with a host range spanning 46 plant families, 84 genera, and 126 species, primarily affecting eudicot angiosperms. Six genera are asymptomatic hosts. Neoscytalidium dimidiatum exhibits worldwide distribution, with the highest prevalence observed in Asia and North America, notably in Iran, Turkey, and California. Rising disease prevalence and severity, aggravated by climate change, particularly impact tropical arid places across 37 countries spanning all 7 continents. This comprehensive review encapsulates recent advancements in the understanding of N. dimidiatum, encompassing alterations in its taxonomic classification, host range, symptoms, geographic distribution, epidemiology, virulence, and strategies for effective management. This study also concentrates on comprehending the taxonomic relationships and intraspecific variations within N. dimidiatum, with a particular emphasis on N. oculus and N. hylocereum, proposing to consider these two species as synonymous with N. dimidiatum. Furthermore, this review identifies prospective research directions aimed at augmenting our fundamental understanding of host—N. dimidiatum interaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Plants of the lycophyte genus Phlegmariurus contain the chemical compound Huperzine A, the effective medicinal component treating Alzheimer’s disease, thus with huge economic value. To protect the natural resources, plants of the whole genus are listed as the National Key Protected Wild plants in China. In this paper, we revised the taxonomy of Phlegmariurus distributed in China based on morphological, ecological, and geographical evidence. We recognized 21 species from China, and organized them into four sections. Sect. Fargesiani X. C. Zhang ＆ R. H. Jiang is newly established, and the other three sections were revised based on previous studies, i.e., Sect. Hamiltoniani C. Y. Yang, emend. X. C. Zhang ＆ R. H. Jiang; Sect. Phlegmariurus; and Sect. Squarrosurus（Herter） X. C. Zhang ＆ R. H. Jiang, comb. ＆ stat. nov. We reduced the following taxon names to synonymies of various species of Phlegmariurus: Huperzia medogensis, Phlegmariurus austrosinicus, P. changii, P. nylamensis, P. cancellatus var. minor, P. qiongzhongensis, and P. shangsiensis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The soldier fly subfamily Beridinae in the family Stratiomyidae contains approximately 280 known species, these being distributed across nearly all biogeographical regions with the exception of the polar regions. On the Korean Peninsula, the species diversity of this subfamily has been poorly examined to date, as is reflected in the National species list of Korea by the National Institute of Biological Resources.In this paper, the soldier fly genus Beris Latreille is reported for the first time from Korea, based on observations of the following three species: B. fuscipes Meigen, 1820, B. hildebrandtae Pleske, 1930 and B. hirotui Ôuchi, 1943. Additionally, the authors propose two nomenclatural acts: 1) B. angustifacies Nagatomi and Tanaka, 1972 syn. nov. = B. hildebrandtae Pleske, 1930; 2) B. liaoningana Cui, Li and Yang, 2010 syn. nov. = B. hildebrandtae Pleske, 1930. The authors also provide an identification key, descriptions, photographs and distributional notes on these Korean species.

Simple Summary: Planaphrodes is a genus of Aprhodinae distributed in the Palaearctic region from Portugal to Japan. This paper reconstructs phylogenetic relationships among species of Planaphrodes based on morphological characteristics for the first time, elucidates the phylogenetic status of the genus and describes two new species found in China. A morphology-based phylogeny of the Holarctic leafhopper genus Planaphrodes Hamilton is reconstructed for the first time based on 39 discrete male adult morphological characters. The results support the monophyly of Planaphrodes, with the included species forming two monophyletic lineages defined mainly by the number and location of aedeagus processes. The position of Planaphrodes in the Aphrodini was resolved as follows: (Stroggylocephalus + (Anoscopus + (Planaphrodes + Aphrodes))). The fauna of Planaphrodes from China, Japan and Korea are reviewed and six species are recognized, including two new species: P. bifasciatus (Linnaeus), P. sahlbergii (Signoret), P. nigricans (Matsumura), P. laevus (Rey), P. baoxingensis sp. nov. (China: Sichuan) and P. faciems sp. nov. (China: Hubei). Acocephalus alboguttatus Kato, 1933 syn. nov. and Aphrodes daiwenicus Kuoh, 1981 syn. nov. are considered junior synonyms of Planaphrodes sahlbergii (Signoret, 1879). Planaphrodes bella Choe, 1981 is a junior synonym of Planaphrodes nigricans (Matsumura, 1912). A checklist and key to species of Planaphrodes are provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Neotropical Trosia s. l., which includes Edebessa Walker, Endobrachys C. Felder & R. Felder, Thoscora Schaus and Trosia Hübner s. strict., is reviewed, represented by 44 species, 12 of which are newly described here: Edebessa corinneae sp. n. (Brazil), E. moinieri sp. n. (Brazil), E. onorei sp. n. (Ecuador), Endobrachys cratoplastis sp. n. (Brazil), E. placidula sp. n. (Brazil), E. pulchelulla sp. n. (Brazil), Thoscora chrysogastra sp. n. (Brazil), T. xanthogastra sp. n. (Brazil), Trosia chaconi sp. n. (Costa Rica), T. inornata sp. n. (Brazil), T. semirufula sp. n. (Ecuador), and T. virginalis sp. n. (Mexico). One genus: Eochroma Clench, syn. n. (=Endobrachys C. Felder & R. Felder), and 7 species names: Trosia caramia Dyar, syn. n. (=Endobrachys revocans C. Felder & R. Felder); Trosia ochracea Hopp, syn. n. (=Megalopyge acca Schaus), Podalia darca Dyar, syn. n. (=Thoscora brugea Schaus), Podalia xinga Dognin syn. n. (=Chrysopyga pellucida Möschler), Trosia pulla Forbes, syn. n. (=Isochroma fallax C. Felder & R. Felder), Trosia amala Dyar, syn. n., and Sciathos nigropunctigera Fletcher, syn. n. (=Sciathos semirufa Druce), are regarded as new junior subjective synonyms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Critical examinations of specimens, with literature reviews, have shown that Rubus davidianus is conspecific with R. lambertianus. Therefore, we treat R. davidianus as a new synonym within Rubus. We propose a new name, Rubus loirensis Ti R. Huang nom. nov. to replace the later homonym of R. pycnanthus Genev. Additionally, lectotypification of three names, R. davidianus Kuntze, R. malifolius Focke and R. viburnifolius Franch., are designated here after examination of previous works. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Neoscytalidium dimidiatum, a plant- and human-associated fungus, has emerged as a substantial global ecological and agricultural threat aggravated by global warming. It inflicts various diseases, including canker, blight, dieback, leaf spot, root rot, and fruit rot, across a wide spectrum of fruit trees, field crops, shrubs, and arboreal species, with a host range spanning 46 plant families, 84 genera, and 126 species, primarily affecting eudicot angiosperms. Six genera are asymptomatic hosts. Neoscytalidium dimidiatum exhibits worldwide distribution, with the highest prevalence observed in Asia and North America, notably in Iran, Turkey, and California. Rising disease prevalence and severity, aggravated by climate change, particularly impact tropical arid places across 37 countries spanning all 7 continents. This comprehensive review encapsulates recent advancements in the understanding of N. dimidiatum, encompassing alterations in its taxonomic classification, host range, symptoms, geographic distribution, epidemiology, virulence, and strategies for effective management. This study also concentrates on comprehending the taxonomic relationships and intraspecific variations within N. dimidiatum, with a particular emphasis on N. oculus and N. hylocereum, proposing to consider these two species as synonymous with N. dimidiatum. Furthermore, this review identifies prospective research directions aimed at augmenting our fundamental understanding of host—N. dimidiatum interaction.

During a taxonomic revision of Selaginella from the Himalaya which is a part of the ongoing “Flora of Pan-Himalaya” project, we studied the taxonomy of Selaginella monospora and its closely related species. We found that S. microclada once treated as a synonym of S. monospora should be accepted as a distinct species. In contrast, S. trichophylla, S. monospora var. ciliolata, S. medogensis, and S. effusa var. dulongjiangensis are reduced to synonymy of S. monospora based on molecular phylogenetic analyses and morphological characters. Selaginella monospora is characterized by denticulate to ciliolate leaves and strongly dimorphic sporophylls vs. denticulate leaves and slightly dimorphic sporophylls in S. microclada. A lectotypification of S. medogensis was also made in the present study.

This paper is primarily based on collections in Tanzania and Ghana in 1990-1991 and 1991-1994, respectively. In all, 46 species of Chimarra were collected, 31 of them new species. All these species are illustrated or re-illustrated and described in the paper. Additionally, five species from Africa from collections in Illinois and Minnesota, four of them new, are included. This provided the incentive to review the species of Chimarra from the African subregion and assign the majority of them to species groups and subgroups. In the process, several species were synonymized. In all 147 valid species are recognized, of which 51 are treated in this paper. Two major species groups are recognized for Africa, the marginata Group and the georgensis Group. The former is based on the type species for the genus; this is the first formal characterization of this group, as distinct from other species groups in the subgenus. Mainland African species in the marginata Group mostly fall into four large species-diverse subgroups, but a number of smaller subgroups are also recognized. Membership in these subgroups is specified for the majority of African species and characters defining the subgroups informally discussed. The georgensis Group includes a single Asian species and nine previously described African species. They are assigned to two subgroups, one newly recognized in this paper. Several additional species were considered unassigned to subgroup within the georgensis Group. The majority of the new species described in this paper belong to the georgensis Group. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

New taxonomic and nomenclatural data are provided for Chinese species of Sarcophaga Meigen, 1824. Eight new synonyms are proposed: two at the genus level, Magnicauda Wei, 2005 syn. nov. = Sarcophaga Meigen, 1824 and Leigongshanophaga Lehrer & Wei, 2010 syn. nov. = Sarcophaga Meigen, 1824, two at the subgenus level, Magnicauda Wei, 2005 syn. nov. = Pterosarcophaga Ye, 1981 and Leigongshanophaga Lehrer & Wei, 2010 syn. nov. = Cornexcisia Fan & Kano, 2000, and four at the species level, Sarcophaga catoptosa Wei & Yang, 2007 syn. nov. = Sarcophaga suthep Pape & Bänziger, 2003, Pierretia daozhenensis Wei, 2005 syn. nov. = Sarcophaga sichotealini (Rohdendorf, 1938), Pierretia autochthona Wei & Yang, 2007 syn. nov. = Sarcophaga (Liosarcophaga) kanoi Park, 1962, and Parasarcophaga simultaneousa Wei & Yang, 2007 syn. nov. = Sarcophaga huangshanensis (Fan, 1964). Sarcophaga (Liosarcophaga) aegyptica Salem, 1935 is considered a senior synonym of Sarcophaga (Liosarcophaga) parkeri (Rohdendorf, 1937). Correct original spellings are established, by First Reviser action, for the genus-group names Magnicauda Wei, 2005 and Pterosarcophaga Ye, 1981 and for the species-group name Magnicauda linjiangensis Wei, 2005. Chinese material of Sarcophaga (Bellieriomima) genuforceps, S. (Robineauella) huangshanensis (holotype and paratype), S. (Liosarcophaga) kanoi, and S. (L.) aegyptica is photographed for the first time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The jumping spider genus Cytaea is an iconic member of the Australo-Pacific region. The genus as recognized today is reportedly not monophyletic, most of the forty-two species described here in the 19th century lacking modern diagnoses and adequate illustrations. The genus clearly needs a throughout revision. To avoid future synonyms, species redescriptions based on integrative taxonomy are necessary. Several species of the genus Cytaea are studied here in terms of species taxonomy. Cytaea alburna Keyserling 1882, the type species, is re-described. We propose Cytaea severa (Thorell, 1881) and Cytaea barbatissima (Keyserling, 1881) are as junior synonyms of the new combination for Ascyltus asper (Karsch, 1878), Cytaea asper (Karsch, 1878) comb nov. as we find to belong to the genus as well. The integrative approach was used based on diagnostic morphological characters (presented as images and drawings), DNA barcodes and a barcode gap analysis which tested the species distinctness. Genitalic structures are redefined and discussed in terms of function. The conclusion for the 4 species were based on 22 specimens, 14 DNA barcodes, publication supplemented with 46 digital micrographs and 7 drawings.http://LSIDurn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:001FB3A0-074E-4290-B2D8-AD246D629E93

The genus Ecpyrrhorrhoe Hübner, 1825 is revised. Most type materials were examined, and a preliminary phylogeny is presented based on a combined dataset of COI, 16S rRNA, 28S rRNA and EF-1α gene regions. The tree topology and morphological characters suggest that Paliga Moore, 1886 is a new synonym of Ecpyrrhorrhoe, and Yezobotys Munroe & Mutuura, 1969 is restored as a valid genus. According to the morphological evidence and tree topology, 17 species are recorded, including five new species described from China: E. allochroa Zhang & Xiang, sp. nov., E. rosisquama Xiang & Zhang, sp. nov., E. exigistria Zhang & Xiang, sp. nov., E. brevis Zhang & Xiang, sp. nov. and E. longispinalis Zhang & Xiang, sp. nov. Seven new combinations are created, E. damastesalis (Walker, 1859), comb. nov., E. minnehaha (Pryer, 1877), comb. nov., E. obliquata (Moore, 1888), comb. nov., E. rufipicta (Butler, 1880), comb. nov., E. fimbriata (Moore, 1886), comb. nov., E. machoeralis (Walker, 1859), comb. nov., and E. rubellalis (Snellen, 1890), comb. nov., as well as eight new synonyms, namely Leucocraspeda auratalis Warren, 1895, syn. nov., Pionea schenklingi Strand, 1918, syn. nov., Paliga rubicundalis Warren, 1896, syn. nov., E. angustivalvaris Gao, Zhang & Wang, 2013, syn. nov., Pyrausta pygmaealis South, 1901, syn. nov., E. multispinalis Gao, Zhang &Wang, 2013, syn. nov., E. aduncis Gao, Zhang & Wang, 2013, syn. nov., and E. ruidispinalis Zhang, Li & Wang, 2004, syn. nov. All adults and their genital structures are illustrated and an identification key based on adult external morphology and genitalia is provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The South American Thinodromus signatus species group is distributed primarily in the Andes of Chile and Argentina, there ubiquitous and almost hegemonistic members of the Carpelimus group of genera. The species live on stream- and riverbanks, often in moss or among gravel. Formerly most species were included in the genus-group taxon Paracarpalimus SCHEERPELTZ, 1937, and one was described in its own subgenus Stenoderophloeus SCHEERPELTZ, 1972, syn.n., both are here treated under Thinodromus KRAATZ, 1857. Identities of all the so far named species are clarified, 25 valid species are recognized, eight of these are described here as new: Thinodromus franzi sp.n. (Chile: Aysén), Th. janinae sp.n. (Chile: Bíobío), Th. kadari sp.n. (Chile: Chiloe), Th. newtonorum sp.n. (Chile: Osorno), Th. saizi sp.n. (Chile: Malleco), Th. struyvei sp.n. (Chile: Curicó), Th. tegens sp.n. (Chile: Malleco) and Th. toroi sp.n. (Argentina: Neuquén). Although not recognized as a member of the species group, Th. guttula (BERNHAUER, 1922) is also treated here. The following new synonymies are proposed: Thinodromus andicola (FAIRMAIRE & GERMAIN, 1861) = Tr. cameroni BERNHAUER, 1926, syn.n., Tr. acuticollis BERNHAUER, 1927, syn.n., = Tr. acuticollis var. walkeri BERNHAUER, 1933, syn.n., = Trogophloeus sulcifrons COIFFAIT & SÁIZ, 1968, syn.n., = Trogophloeus atacamensis COIFFAIT & SÁIZ, 1968, syn.n., = T. quadripennis SCHEERPELTZ, 1972, syn.n., = Tr. bolsonensis SCHEERPELTZ, 1972, syn.n., = Tr. brunnipennis SCHEERPELTZ, 1972, syn.n.; Th. germaini (COIFFAIT & SÁIZ, 1968) = Tr. nigronitidus SCHEERPELTZ, 1972, syn.n.; Th. guttula (BERNHAUER, 1922) = Tr. binotatus BERNHAUER, 1922, syn.n., = Tr. catamarcanus BERNHAUER, 1925, syn.n.; Th. impressipennis (FAIRMAIRE & GERMAIN, 1861) = Tr. iniquipennis SCHEERPELTZ, 1972, syn.n.; Th. nitidifrons (Fauvel, 1867) = Tr. ocultus coiFFait & Sáiz, 1968, syn.n.; Th. schwabei (BERNHAUER, 1939) = Tr. guttifer SCHEERPELTZ, 1972, syn.n.; Th. signatus (ERICHSON, 1834) = Tr. nitidiventris FAIRMAIRE & GERMAIN, 1861, syn.n. Lectotypes are designated for Homalotrichus fuscus Solier, 1849, Trogophloeus andicola FAIRMAIRE & GERMAIN, 1861, Tr. angulicollis Fauvel, 1867, Tr. araucanus Fauvel, 1867, Tr. binotatus BERNHAUER, 1922, Tr. championi BERNHAUER, 1912, Tr. grandipennis BERNHAUER, 1934, Tr. guttula BERNHAUER, 1922, Tr. impressipennis FAIRMAIRE & GERMAIN, 1861, Tr. mersus FAIRMAIRE & GERMAIN, 1861, Tr. nitidifrons FAUVEL, 1867, Tr. nitidiventris FAIRMAIRE & GERMAIN, 1861, Tr. schwabei BERNHAUER, 1939, Tr. signatus erichSon, 1834, Tr. acuticollis var. walkeri Bernhauer, 1933 and neotypes for Trogophloeus asperatus COIFFAIT & SÁIZ, 1968 (Chile: Araucanía), Tr. fulgidus coiFFait & Sáiz, 1968 (Chile: Santiago), Tr. GERMAINI COIFFAIT & SÁIZ, 1968 (Chile: Cachapoal), Tr. ocultus COIFFAIT & SÁIZ, 1968 (Chile: Valparaiso), Tr. sulcifrons COIFFAIT & SÁIZ, 1968 (Chile: Magallanes) and Homalotrichus obscurus Solier, 1849 (Chile: Santiago). Valid species are illustrated by line drawings of the male terminalia and genitalia plus colour habitus photographs. A key is provided for all the treated taxa. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A morphology-based phylogeny of the Holarctic leafhopper genus Planaphrodes Hamilton is reconstructed for the first time based on 39 discrete male adult morphological characters. The results support the monophyly of Planaphrodes, with the included species forming two monophyletic lineages defined mainly by the number and location of aedeagus processes. The position of Planaphrodes in the Aphrodini was resolved as follows: (Stroggylocephalus + (Anoscopus + (Planaphrodes + Aphrodes))). The fauna of Planaphrodes from China, Japan and Korea are reviewed and six species are recognized, including two new species: P. bifasciatus (Linnaeus), P. sahlbergii (Signoret), P. nigricans (Matsumura), P. laevus (Rey), P. baoxingensis sp. nov. (China: Sichuan) and P. faciems sp. nov. (China: Hubei). Acocephalus alboguttatus Kato, 1933 syn. nov. and Aphrodes daiwenicus Kuoh, 1981 syn. nov. are considered junior synonyms of Planaphrodes sahlbergii (Signoret, 1879). Planaphrodes bella Choe, 1981 is a junior synonym of Planaphrodes nigricans (Matsumura, 1912). A checklist and key to species of Planaphrodes are provided.

The jumping spider genus Cytaea is an iconic member of the Australo-Pacific region. The genus as recognized today is reportedly not monophyletic, most of the forty-two species described here in the 19th century lacking modern diagnoses and adequate illustrations. The genus clearly needs a throughout revision. To avoid future synonyms, species redescriptions based on integrative taxonomy are necessary. Several species of the genus Cytaea are studied here in terms of species taxonomy. Cytaea alburna Keyserling 1882, the type species, is re-described. We propose Cytaea severa (Thorell, 1881) and Cytaea barbatissima (Keyserling, 1881) are as junior synonyms of the new combination for Ascyltus asper (Karsch, 1878), Cytaea asper (Karsch, 1878) comb nov. as we find to belong to the genus as well. The integrative approach was used based on diagnostic morphological characters (presented as images and drawings), DNA barcodes and a barcode gap analysis which tested the species distinctness. Genitalic structures are redefined and discussed in terms of function. The conclusion for the 4 species were based on 22 specimens, 14 DNA barcodes, publication supplemented with 46 digital micrographs and 7 drawings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Here, we present a review of the conifer-feeding aphids of India, Bhutan and Nepal, which includes 30 species. Three new species, viz., Cinara (Cinara) bhutanica sp. nov., associated with Pinus wallichiana in Eastern Himalaya (Bhutan), Cinara (Cupressobium) asishghoshi sp. nov., which infest Juniperus squamata and Cinara (Cupressobium) himalayaensis sp. nov., which are associated with Taxus baccata in Northwest Himalaya (India) respectively, are described and illustrated. A hitherto unknown oviparous female of Cinara lachnirostris Hille Ris Lambers is also described and illustrated. Cinara (Cinara) takahashii nom. nov. is proposed here as a replacement name for Cinara (Cinara) orientalis (Takahashi, 1925), which is a junior secondary homonym of Cinara (Schizolachnus) orientalis (Takahashi, 1924). Cinara indica Verma syn. nov. is proposed as new junior synonym of Cinara confinis (Koch). Cinara maculipes and Cinara takahashii nom nov. from Bhutan and C. tenuipes from Nepal are reported for the first time. Taxonomical and biological information about the presented species are given along with their distribution. A key to identifying the conifer-feeding aphids of India, Bhutan and Nepal is also provided. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:F4A3C8D8-3E11-450E-9EC5-90C7F8409B46

Rigorous species delimitation is a challenge in biology and systematics in particular. In insects, male genitalia traditionally, and the barcoding region of the CO1 gene recently, are the main markers to identify species, even though a standalone use of CO1 for that is often criticized. In our systematic revision of the mycophagous and in other ways peculiar oxyporine rove beetles of Russia, the legacy alpha-taxonomy could not be improved by traditional investigation of genitalia as they are unusually character-poor in this group. Using phylogenetic inference and ancestral state reconstruction, we demonstrate that CO1 and endophallus are useful markers for species delimitation in Oxyporus. We also show that many morphological traits previously used for species delimitation in Oxyporus are in fact highly variable and thus inconsistent. We hypothesize that in Oxyporus diversification of the endophallic structures is driven by intense intra- and inter-species interactions of multiple individuals co-occurring in narrow spaces inside fungal bodies during mating. Our results encourage broader use of both markers, especially easy-to-generate dna barcodes, for the desired alpha-taxonomical work in Oxyporinae globally. The revision revealed 10 species of Oxyporus in the fauna of the Russian Federation; eliminated erroneous species records; established two new synonyms, Oxyporus (Oxyporus) basicornis Cameron, 1930 = O. (O.) aequicollis Bernhauer, 1935, syn.nov. = O. (O.) parvus Lee et al., 2020, syn. nov.; and raised the hypothesis that O. (O.) aokii Dvořák, 1956, O. (O.) basiventris Jarrige, 1948 and O. (O.) kobayashii Hayashi, 2015 are conspecific with O. (O.) maxillosus Fabricius, 1793. Lectotypes are designated for O. (O.) basicornis Cameron, 1930, O. (O.) germanus Sharp, 1889, O. (O.) niger Sharp, 1889, and O. (O.) triangulus Sharp, 1889. Comprehensive taxonomic treatment and an identification key are provided for all species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sesuvium is a genus of 14 to 17 species of succulent plants, both annual and perennial, widely distributed in tropical and subtropical regions. The genus Sesuvium has not yet been studied in detail in the Southern Cone (Argentina, Southern Brazil, Chile, Paraguay and Uruguay), which has led to a misidentification of numerous specimens as S. portulacastrum. As part of the ongoing floristic, taxonomic and ecologic studies in Argentina, we revise the genus Sesuvium for the Southern Cone. This study is based on field investigation, examination of herbarium specimens, and revision of literature. The taxonomic treatments, maps of distribution, detailed descriptions, photographs, an illustration, a dichotomous key and a comparative table to differentiate the species of the genus Sesuvium occurring in the Southern Cone are presented. Finally, ecological, morphological, and taxonomic aspects of the species are discussed. The new combination of S. americanum (≡ Trianthema americanum Gillies ex Arn.; = S. verrucosum Raf.) is proposed. Lectotypes for three names are here designated (S. revolutifolium Vahl ex Willd.; S. revolutifolium Lam., and S. parviflorum DC.). Four species should be accepted for the Southern Cone: S. americanum, S. humifusum, S. mezianum and S. sessile. Furthermore, S. portulacastrum is excluded from the flora of the Southern Cone. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An annotated list of twenty species of rarely collected and little known bees of the genus Sphecodes Latreille, 1804 (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Halictidae) from the Himalayas is given. Sphecodes bluethgeni sp. nov. is described from Bhutan. Three species are newly recorded from the Himalayas: S. binghami Blüthgen, 1924, S. kershawi Perkins, 1921 and S. laticeps Meyer, 1920. Based on type specimens, new synonymies have been proposed for Sphecodes cameronii (Bingham, 1897) = S. armeniacus Warncke, 1992 syn. nov.; S. gibbus (Linnaeus, 1758) = S. indicus Bingham, 1898 syn. nov.; and S. invidus (Cameron, 1897) = S. nigrobasalis Meyer, 1922 syn. nov. A lectotype is designated for Sphecodes sikkimensis Blüthgen, 1927. Illustrated keys to males and females of all species known from the Himalayas and an updated checklist of the 26 Himalayan species of Sphecodes are provided. Additionally, one new species from neighboring Uttar Pradesh (India), Sphecodes uttaricus sp. nov., is here described as new and included due to its close relationship to the Himalayan S. sikkimensis Blüthgen, 1927.

Abstract Within the subgenus Dichotomius (Selenocopris) Burmeister 1846, D. nisus (Olivier, 1789) and D. superbus (Felsche, 1901) had been historically arranged in the “Nisus” section by Luederwaldt, however, according to the revised classification of the subgenus, the two species now belong to different species groups. In this paper, the taxonomic history concerning the species once included by Luederwaldt in the “Nisus” section is revised and discussed. The following new synonyms are proposed: Pinotus taunayi (Luederwaldt, 1931) as a subjective synonym of D. geminatus (Arrow, 1913), and Pinotus taunayi pilosus (Luederwaldt, 1931) as a subjective synonym of D. nisus. Lectotypes are designated for D. nisus and Pinotus garbei. Redescriptions, diagnoses and updated distribution data are provided for D. nisus and D. superbus. The diagnostic characters of the male genitalia of these species are described and illustrated for the first time.

A revision of the genus Angulaphthona Bechyné, 1960 is provided, with a description of Angulaphthona confusa sp. n. from the Democratic Republic of Congo, and A. rossii sp. n. from Sierra Leone. The following synonymies are proposed: Angulaphthona latipennis (Pic, 1921) = A. latipennis zambeziensis (Bechyné, 1959) syn. n. and Angulaphthona pelengensis Bechyné, 1960 = A. exalta Bechyné, 1960 syn. n. The precedence of the name pelengensis is discussed. Angulaphthona violaceomicans (Chen, 1936) comb. n. (transferred from Aphthona) from Sri Lanka is established, and some hypotheses to explain the presence of the genus outside Africa are put forward. A key to the seven known species is supplied, with microphotographs of diagnostic characters, including male and female genitalia.

Here, we present a review of the conifer-feeding aphids of India, Bhutan and Nepal, which includes 30 species. Three new species, viz., Cinara (Cinara) bhutanicasp. nov., associated with Pinus wallichiana in Eastern Himalaya (Bhutan), Cinara (Cupressobium) asishghoshisp. nov., which infest Juniperus squamata and Cinara (Cupressobium) himalayaensissp. nov., which are associated with Taxus baccata in Northwest Himalaya (India) respectively, are described and illustrated. A hitherto unknown oviparous female of Cinara lachnirostris Hille Ris Lambers is also described and illustrated. Cinara (Cinara) takahashiinom. nov. is proposed here as a replacement name for Cinara (Cinara) orientalis (Takahashi, 1925), which is a junior secondary homonym of Cinara (Schizolachnus) orientalis (Takahashi, 1924). Cinara indica Verma syn. nov. is proposed as new junior synonym of Cinara confinis (Koch). Cinara maculipes and Cinara takahashii nom nov. from Bhutan and C. tenuipes from Nepal are reported for the first time. Taxonomical and biological information about the presented species are given along with their distribution. A key to identifying the conifer-feeding aphids of India, Bhutan and Nepal is also provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An annotated check list of 14 valid species of Liosarcophaga Enderlein, 1928 (Pandelleisca Rohdendorf, 1937), distributed in the Palaearctic and Oriental zoogeographical regions, is presented. Five new combinations are proposed: L. (P.) baudeti (Lehrer, 1998) n. comb.; L. (P.) brachiata (Sugiyama, 1990) n. comb.; L. (P.) gresiventris (Salem, 1946) n. comb.; L. (P.) quinqueramosa (Sugiyama, 1990) n. comb.; L. (P.) popovi (Trofimov, 1948) n. comb. & rev. stat. is resurrected from junior synonymy with L. (P.) similis (Pandellé, 1896). Two new synonymies are proposed: Pandelleisca theodori Lehrer, 1998 n. syn. = Liosarcophaga (Pandelleisca) popovi (Trofimov, 1948); Sarcophaga (Pandelleisca) mersinensis Pekbey, 2020 n. syn. = Liosarcophaga (Pandelleisca) popovi (Trofimov, 1948). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An annotated list of 105 genera and 343 species, including 315 species from People's Republic of China (267 species from Palaearctic and 127 from Oriental parts), 63 species from Taiwan and 34 species from Tibet is presented. 9 new combinations of species names are published: Cylindrothecum brachygonitum (Fan & Ge, 1992), comb. nov.; C.curticlaws (Zhang & Liu, 1998), comb. nov.; Miltogrammidium fidusum (Wei & Yang, 2007), comb. nov.; M. indigenum (Wei & Yang, 2007), comb. nov.; M. leigongshanum (Wei & Yang, 2007), comb. nov.; Asceloctella (s. str.) australis (Johnston & Tiegs, 1921), comb. nov.; Sarcorohdendorfia pudongensis (Fan, Chen & Lu, 2003), comb. nov.; S. shenzhenfensis (Fan, 2002), comb. nov and Fanzidea kurahashii (Shinonaga & Tumrasvin, 1979), comb. nov. 17 new synonyms are established: Kozlovea lopesi Nandi, 1976 = Kozlovea yangiana Lehrer, 2010, syn. nov.; K. tshernovi Rohdendorf, 1937 = Kozlovea nyatria Lehrer, 2010, syn. nov.; Leucomyia alba (Schiner, 1868) = Leucomyia tarima Lehrer, 2008, syn. nov.; Harpagophalla kempi (Senior-White, 1924) = Harpagophalla samudera Lehrer, 2008, syn. nov.; H. kempi (Senior-White, 1924) = Harpagophalla papuasia Lehrer, 2008, syn. nov.; H. kempi (Senior-White, 1924) = Harpagophalla nandiana Lehrer, 2008, syn. nov.; Thyrsocnema (Pseudothyrsocnema) ugamskii Rohdendorf, 1937 = Asiopierretia amuriella Lehrer, 2009, syn. nov.; T. (P.) ugamskii Rohdendorf, 1937 = Asiopierretia henania Lehrer, 2011, syn. nov.; Myorhina villeneuvei (Böttcher, 1912) = Myorhina altainula Lehrer, 2009, syn. nov.; Pseudothyrsocnema caudagalli (Böttcher, 1912) = Pierretia autochtona Wei et Yang, 2007, syn. nov.; Fengia ostindicae (Senior-White, 1924) = Fengia shanga Lehrer, 2008, syn. nov.; Liosarcophaga (Jantiella) javana (Macquart, 1851) = Jantiella bentenia Lehrer, 2008, syn. nov.; Robineauella (s. str.) nigribasicosta (Ye, 1982) = Sarcophaga (Robineauella) picibasicosta Pape, 1996, syn. nov.; Sarcorohdendorfia antilope (Böttcher, 1913) = Tricholioproctia wumengia Lehrer et Wei, 2011, syn. nov.; S. inextricata (Walker, 1860) = Tricholioproctia sulawesiella Lehrer et Wei, 2011, syn. nov.; Seniorwhitea princeps (Wiedemann, 1830) = Seniorwhitea fuhsia Lehrer, 2008, syn. nov. and Phallosphaera gravelyi (Senior-White, 1924) = Phallosphaera yelangiops Lehrer et Wei, 2011, syn. nov. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The phytophagous hoverfly genus Merodon Meigen, 1803 (Diptera, Syrphidae), which comprises more than 160 species distributed in Palaearctic and Afrotropical regions, can be differentiated into multiple groups of species that harbor high levels of hidden diversity. In this work, the serrulatus species group of Merodon is revised, providing an illustrated key to species, a detailed discussion on the taxonomic characters and a morphological diagnosis, including also the first data about the preimaginal morphology of this species group. The study includes characteristics of the 13 species of the M. serrulatus group, along with the available distributional data. Moreover, descriptions are provided for seven new species, namely M. defectus Vujić, Likov & Radenković sp. nov., M. disjunctus Vujić, Likov & Radenković sp. nov., M. medium Vujić, Likov & Radenković sp. nov., M. nigrocapillatus Vujić, Likov & Radenković sp. nov., M. nigropunctum Vujić, Likov & Radenković sp. nov., M. opacus Vujić, Likov & Radenković sp. nov., and M. trianguloculus Vujić, Likov & Radenković sp. nov. In addition, the taxa M. serrulatus (Wiedemann in Meigen, 1822), M. bequaerti Hurkmans, 1993, M. hirsutus Sack, 1913, M. kawamurae Matsumura, 1916, M. sacki (Paramonov, 1936) and M. sophron Hurkmans, 1993 are redefined and redescribed. Following a detailed study of the type material sourced from different entomological collections, the status of all avail-able taxa related to M. serrulatus is revised and a new synonymy is proposed: M. tener Sack, 1913 syn. nov. (junior synonym of M. serrulatus). The identity of M. trizonus (Szilády, 1940) could not be assessed as the type specimens are lost. Thus, the name M. trizonus is considered as nomen dubium. The monophyly and composition of this species group are assessed through Maximum Parsimony and Maximum Likelihood analyses of the mitochondrial COI and nuclear 28S rRNA gene sequences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The species of the Neotropical hoverfly genus Peradon Reemer, 2013 are revised, based on morphological characters with aid of mitochondrial DNA barcodes. The resulting number of valid species is increased to 31, of which the following seven are described as new: P. ballux Reemer, sp. nov., P. brevis Reemer, sp. nov., P. costaricensis Reemer, sp. nov., P. notialus Reemer, sp. nov., P. palpator Reemer, sp. nov., P. pompiloides Reemer, sp. nov., and P. surinamensis Reemer, sp. nov. Two new synonymies are established: Microdon langi Curran, 1925, syn. nov. and Microdon flavomarginatum Curran, 1925, syn. nov. are both junior synonyms of Mulio bidens Fabricius, 1805. A neotype is designated for Microdon diaphanus Sack, 1921. This neotype, which has been reared from an ant nest, also represents the first case of a larval record for this genus. In some species, most notably in P. bidens (Fabricius) and P. normalis (Curran), discrete and distinct colour morphs are recognized, with strongly differing colouration of wings and abdomen. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Species of the genus Frankliniella are almost all originally from the New World. Although eleven species in this genus have been listed from China before, only seven species here are recognised. The records of F. pallida and F. tritici from China are rejected as inadequately supported, F. hainanensis is a new synonym of F. schultzei, and F. zizaniophila is now considered a member of the genus Iridothrips. An identification key for the seven species is provided here, two of them are widespread across the Palearctic (F. intonsa and F. tenuicornis), one is presumably Oriental (F. lilivora), and four are introduced from the Americas (F. occidentalis, F. schultzei, F. cephalica and F. williamsi). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The flea beetle genus Lankaphthona Medvedev, 2001 is redescribed and a new species L. yunnantarsella sp. nov. Ruan, Konstantinov & Prathapan is described. Longitarsella Medvedev, 2009, syn. nov. and Philotarsa Medvedev, 2009, syn. nov. are newly synonymized with Lankaphthona. Philotarsa laosica Medvedev, 2009, syn. nov. is synonymized with Lankaphthona phuketensis (Gruev, 1989). The following new combinations are proposed: Lankaphthona binotata (Baly, 1876), comb. nov.; Lankaphthona costata (Medvedev, 2016), comb. nov.; Lankaphthona cyanipennis (Medvedev, 2017), comb. nov.; Lankaphthona nigronotata (Jacoby, 1896), comb. nov.; Lankaphthona notatipennis (Medvedev, 2009), comb. nov.; and Lankaphthona phuketensis (Gruev, 1989), comb. nov., status restored. A highly specialized spoon-shaped 'appendage' is discovered on the first abdominal ventrite of males of Lankaphthona binotata. Aedeagus of the same species has aberrant sheath-shaped phallobase encircling the median lobe. Morphology and possible function of these structures are discussed. Menispermaceae are newly reported as the host plants of the genus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This catalogue includes all valid family-group (six subtribes), genus-group (55 genera, 33 subgenera), and species-group names (1009 species and subspecies) of Sepidiini darkling beetles (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae: Pimeliinae), and their available synonyms. For each name, the author, year, and page number of the description are provided, with additional information (e.g., type species for genus-group names, author of synonymies for invalid taxa, notes) depending on the taxon rank. Verified distributional records (loci typici and data acquired from revisionary publications) for all the species are gathered. Distribution of the subtribes is illustrated and discussed. Several new nomenclatural acts are included. The generic names Phanerotomea Koch, 1958 [= Ocnodes Fåhraeus, 1870] and Parmularia Koch, 1955 [= Psammodes Kirby, 1819] are new synonyms (valid names in square brackets). The following new combinations are proposed: Ocnodes acuductus acuductus (Ancey, 1883), O. acuductus ufipanus (Koch, 1952), O. adamantinus (Koch, 1952), O. argenteofasciatus (Koch, 1953), O. arnoldi arnoldi (Koch, 1952), O. arnoldi sabianus (Koch, 1952), O. barbosai (Koch, 1952), O. basilewskyi (Koch, 1952), O. bellmarleyi (Koch, 1952), O. benguelensis (Koch, 1952), O. bertolonii (Guérin-Méneville, 1844), O. blandus (Koch, 1952), O. brevicornis (Haag-Rutenberg, 1875), O. brunnescens brunnescens (Haag-Rutenberg, 1871), O. brunnescens molestus (Haag-Rutenberg, 1875), O. buccinator (Koch, 1952), O. bushmanicus (Koch, 1952), O. carbonarius (Gerstaecker, 1854), O. cardiopterus (Fairmaire, 1888), O. cataractus (Koch, 1952), O. cinerarius (Koch, 1952), O. complanatus (Koch, 1952), O. confertus (Koch, 1952), O. congruens (Péringuey, 1899), O. cordiventris (Haag-Rutenberg, 1871), O. crocodilinus (Koch, 1952), O. dimorphus (Koch, 1952), O. distinctus (Haag-Rutenberg, 1871), O. dolosus (Péringuey, 1899), O. dorsocostatus (Gebien, 1910), O. dubiosus (Péringuey, 1899), O. ejectus (Koch, 1952), O. epronoticus (Koch, 1952), O. erichsoni (Haag-Rutenberg, 1871), O. ferreirae ferreirae (Koch, 1952), O. ferreirae zulu (Koch, 1952), O. fettingi (Haag-Rutenberg, 1875), O. fistucans (Koch, 1952), O. fraternus (Haag-Rutenberg, 1875), O. freyi (Koch, 1952), O. freudei (Koch, 1952), O. fulgidus (Koch, 1952), O. funestus (Haag-Rutenberg, 1871), O. gemmeulus (Koch, 1952), O. gibberosulus (Péringuey, 1908), O. gibbus (Haag-Rutenberg, 1879), O. globosus (Haag-Rutenberg, 1871), O. granisterna (Koch, 1952), O. granulosicollis (Haag-Rutenberg, 1871), O. gridellii (Koch, 1960), O. guerini guerini (Haag-Rutenberg, 1871), O. guerini lawrencii (Koch, 1954), O. guerini mancus (Koch 1954), O. haemorrhoidalis haemorrhoidalis (Koch, 1952), O. haemorrhoidalis salubris (Koch, 1952), O. heydeni (Haag-Rutenberg, 1871), O. humeralis (Haag-Rutenberg, 1871), O. humerangula (Koch, 1952), O. imbricatus (Koch, 1952), O. imitator imitator (Péringuey, 1899), O. imitator invadens (Koch, 1952), O. inflatus (Koch, 1952), O. janssensi (Koch, 1952), O. javeti (Haag-Rutenberg, 1871), O. junodi (Péringuey, 1899), O. kulzeri (Koch, 1952), O. lacustris (Koch, 1952), O. laevigatus (Olivier, 1795), O. lanceolatus (Koch, 1953), O. licitus (Peringey, 1899), O. luctuosus (Haag-Rutenberg, 1871), O. luxurosus (Koch, 1952), O. maputoensis (Koch, 1952), O. marginicollis (Koch, 1952), O. martinsi (Koch, 1952), O. melleus (Koch, 1952), O. mendicus estermanni (Koch, 1952), O. mendicus mendicus (Péringuey, 1899), O. miles (Péringuey, 1908), O. mimeticus (Koch, 1952), O. misolampoides (Fairmaire, 1888), O. mixtus (Haag-Rutenberg, 1871), O. monacha (Koch, 1952), O. montanus (Koch, 1952), O. mozambicus (Koch, 1952), O. muliebris curtus (Koch, 1952), O. muliebris muliebris (Koch, 1952), O. muliebris silvestris (Koch, 1952), O. nervosus (Haag-Rutenberg, 1871), O. notatum (Thunberg, 1787), O. notaticollis (Koch, 1952), O. odorans (Koch, 1952), O. opacus (Solier, 1843), O. osbecki (Billberg, 1815), O. overlaeti (Koch, 1952), O. ovulus (Haag-Rutenberg, 1871), O. pachysoma ornata (Koch, 1952), O. pachysoma pachysoma (Péringuey, 1892), O. papillosus (Koch, 1952), O. pedator (Fairmaire, 1888), O. perlucidus (Koch, 1952), O. planus (Koch, 1952), O. pretorianus (Koch, 1952), O. procursus (Péringuey, 1899), O. protectus (Koch, 1952), O. punctatissimus (Koch, 1952), O. puncticollis (Koch, 1952), O. punctipennis planisculptus (Koch, 1952), O. punctipennis punctipennis (Harold, 1878), O. punctipleura (Koch, 1952), O. rhodesianus (Koch, 1952), O. roriferus (Koch, 1952), O. rufipes (Harold, 1878), O. saltuarius (Koch, 1952), O. scabricollis (Gerstaecker, 1854), O. scopulipes (Koch, 1952), O. scrobicollis griqua (Koch, 1952), O. scrobicollis simulans (Koch, 1952), O. semirasus (Koch, 1952), O. semiscabrum (Haag-Rutenberg, 1871), O. sericicollis (Koch, 1952), O. similis (Péringuey, 1899), O. sjoestedti (Gebien, 1910), O. spatulipes (Koch, 1952), O. specularis (Péringuey, 1899), O. spinigerus (Koch, 1952), O. stevensoni (Koch, 1952), O. tarsocnoides (Koch, 1952), O. temulentus (Koch, 1952), O. tenebrosus melanarius (Haag-Rutenberg, 1871), O. tenebrosus tenebrosus (Erichson, 1843), O. tibialis (Haag-Rutenberg, 1871), O. torosus (Koch, 1952), O. transversicollis (Haag-Rutenberg, 1879), O. tumidus (Haag-Rutenberg, 1871), O. umvumanus (Koch, 1952), O. vagus (Péringuey, 1899), O. vaticinus (Péringuey, 1899), O. verecundus (Péringuey, 1899), O. vetustus (Koch, 1952), O. vexator (Péringuey, 1899), O. virago (Koch, 1952), O. warmeloi (Koch, 1953), O. zanzibaricus (Haag-Rutenberg, 1875), Psammophanes antinorii (Gridelli, 1939), and P. mirei (Pierre, 1979). The type species [placed in square brackets] of the following genus-group taxa are designated for the first time, Ocnodes Fåhraeus, 1870 [Ocnodes scrobicollis Fåhraeus, 1870], Psammodophysis Péringuey, 1899 [Psammodophysis probes Péringuey, 1899], and Trachynotidus Péringuey, 1899 [Psammodes thoreyi Haag-Rutenberg, 1871]. A lectotype is designated for Histrionotus omercooperi Koch, 1955 in order to fix its taxonomic status. Ulamus Kamiński is introduced here as a replacement name for Echinotus Marwick, 1935 [Type species. Avicula echinata Smith, 1817] (Mollusca: Pteriidae) to avoid homonymy with Echinotus Solier, 1843 (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An updated checklist of Croatian flesh flies is presented based on the literature, on material collected from 2004 to 2017, and on specimens in museum collections. The checklist comprises 22 genera and 148 species (two left unnamed), 105 of which are represented by new Croatian records. Twenty-five species are recorded from Croatia with certainty for the first time: Amobia pelopei (Rondani, 1859), Apodacra seriemaculata Macquart, 1854, Craticulina tabaniformis (Fabricius, 1805), Macronychia striginervis (Zetterstedt, 1838), Metopia campestris (Fallén, 1810), Miltogramma brevipila Villeneuve, 1911, Miltogramma iberica Villeneuve, 1912, Miltogramma oestracea (Fallén, 1820), Miltogramma punctata Meigen, 1824, Oebalia cylindrica (Fallén, 1810), Phylloteles pictipennis Loew, 1844, Senotainia conica (Fallén, 1810), Taxigramma hilarella (Zetterstedt, 1844), Taxigramma stictica (Meigen, 1830), Agria monachae (Kramer, 1908), Nyctia lugubris (Macquart, 1843), Blaesoxipha (Blaesoxipha) aurulenta Rohdendorf, 1937, Blaesoxipha (Blaesoxipha) batilligera Séguy, 1941, Blaesoxipha (Blaesoxipha) plumicornis (Zetterstedt, 1859), Sarcophaga (Helicophagella) okaliana (Lehrer, 1975), Sarcophaga (Heteronychia) amita Rondani, 1860, Sarcophaga (Heteronychia) ancilla Rondani, 1865, Sarcophaga (Heteronychia) pseudobenaci (Baranov, 1942), Sarcophaga (Myorhina) lunigera Böttcher, 1914 and Sarcophaga (Stackelbergeola) mehadiensis Böttcher, 1912. Taxigramma hilarella, Nyctia lugubris, Agria monachae, Blaesoxipha (Blaesoxipha) aurulenta and Sarcophaga (Heteronychia) amita are recorded from Southeast Europe with certainty for the first time. The species Sarcophaga (Sarcophaga) hennigi Lehrer, 1978 is omitted from the list, as previous records from Croatia are shown to be based on an erroneous synonymy with Sarcophaga novaki Baranov, 1941 (= Sarcophaga (Sarcophaga) croatica Baranov, 1941). Blaesoxipha (Blaesoxipha) rufipes (Macquart, 1839) could not be confirmed from Croatia and is not included in the checklist. Three new synonymies are proposed: Golania Lehrer, 2000 = Thyrsocnema Enderlein, 1928, syn. nov., Parasarcophaga (Liosarcophaga) kovatschevitchi Strukan, 1970 = Sarcophaga (Liosarcophaga) marshalli Parker, 1923, syn. nov., and Sarcophaga subvicina ssp. novaki Baranov, 1941 = Sarcophaga (Sarcophaga) croatica Baranov, 1941, syn. nov. As part of an effort to update the European distributions of all Croatian species, the following new national and regional records are also provided: Miltogramma brevipila, Miltogramma taeniata Meigen, 1824 and Sarcophaga (Heteronychia) pandellei (Rohdendorf, 1937) new to Greece; Sarcophaga (Liosarcophaga) harpax Pandellé, 1896 and Sarcophaga (Sarcophaga) croatica new to Italy (respectively mainland and mainland and Sicily); Miltogramma iberica new to Bulgaria and Sardinia; Pterella convergens (Pandellé, 1895) new to mainland Italy and Sicily; Nyctia lugubris new to mainland Italy and Sardinia; Blaesoxipha (Blaesoxipha) litoralis (Villeneuve, 1911) new to Sardinia and thus confirmed for Italy; Apodacra seriemaculata, Macronychia striginervis, Protomiltogramma fasciata (Meigen, 1824) and Blaesoxipha (Blaesoxipha) ungulata (Pandellé, 1896) new to Sardinia and Sicily; Macronychia dolini Verves & Khrokalo, 2006, Macronychia polyodon (Meigen, 1824), Metopia argyrocephala (Meigen, 1824), Senotainia albifrons (Rondani, 1859), Taxigramma multipunctata (Rondani, 1859), Taxigramma stictica, Blaesoxipha (Blaesoxipha) unicolor (Villeneuve, 1912) and Sarcophaga (Helicophagella) agnata Rondani, 1860 new to Sardinia; Metopodia pilicornis (Pandellé, 1895), Miltogramma oestracea, Miltogramma rutilans Meigen, 1824, Nyctia halterata (Panzer, 1798), Blaesoxipha (Blaesoxipha) lapidosa Pape, 1994 and Blaesoxipha (Blaesoxipha) plumicornis new to Sicily. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A checklist of the sparid fishes of the world is presented. The checklist contains 166 valid species, 260 synonyms, including 26 that are here recognized as new, and 19 unplaced nominal species. Seven nominal species recorded as sparid in the Eschmeyer's Catalog of Fishes are here recognized to belong to different families and among them three nominal species predate well established fish names and are here declared nomina oblita. A list of unavailable names is also included. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

During the taxonomic revision of the genus Glaucium, G. contortuplicatum var. hirsutum is described as a new variety. This taxon differs from the type variety by having dense and appressed trichomes all along ovary (or junior silique). Leaf epidermis micro-characters of these two taxa are also compared. G. leiocarpum and G. elegans var. integerrima are reduced to synonymy of G. flavum and G. elegans var. elegans, respectively. Additionally, morphological characters and geographical distribution of the taxa studied in the world and in Iran are presented.

Cheiracanthium rupestre Herman, 1879, and Xysticus albomaculatus Kulczyński, 1891, both originally described from Hungary, are among the most rarely reported species of their genera in Europe. Here we report that both of these species have very close relationships to similarly uncommon species originally described from France at about the same time. The specimens currently considered as Cheiracanthium rupestre turn out to be very closely related to, but distinct from, Cheiracanthium striolatum Simon, 1878. However, the original description of C. rupestre does not match these specimens nor any other known species of Cheiracanthium. We therefore consider C. rupestre a nomen dubium and suggest that all previous records of this species after the original description actually refer to Cheiracanthium macedonicum Drensky, 1921. Xysticus albomaculatus, on the other hand, turns out to be a junior synonym of Bassaniana baudueri (Simon, 1877) syn. nov., expanding the range of this species considerably to the East and at the same time confirming that it is a genuine European species, rather than a recent immigrant from North America as previously suspected.