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A 2D axisymmetric mathematical model was developed for an O2 generator and the protective performance of the O2 generator was simulated. The model's rationality was verified by experiments under typical operational conditions. Then, the influ-ences of labor intensity, inlet CO2 volume faction, equivalent diameter of oxygen-generating particles, and pipe diameter at the entrance on the protective performance of the O2 generator were studied by the model. The simulated results show that both labor inten-sity and inlet CO2 volume faction have significant effect on the protective performance of the O2 generator. A higher labor intensity and a higher inlet CO2 volume faction share the same trend, which means a much shorter protective time and a much higher outlet peak temperature. The protective time decreases with increasing equivalent diameter of oxygen-generating particles, exhibiting an approxi-mately negative liner relationship. The protective time for 12 mm particles is 32.15 min shorter than that for 6 mm particles. However, larger particles will lead to a lower outlet peak temperature. Different from the front three factors, pipe diameter at the entrance has limited effect on both the protective time and outlet temperature.