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1. Transitions in Old Age: The Meanings of Body from the Perspective of Older Adults with Acquired Impairment.

Author

SEDLÁKOVÁ, TATIANA and KAFKOVÁ, MARCELA PETROVÁ

Subjects
AGING, SOCIAL gerontology, MEDICAL care, HEALTH of older people, MENTAL health of older people
Abstract

This paper summarises the knowledge about transition from the third age to what is called the fourth age. The study understands ageing as an embodied process and explores the meanings that are attached to the body in the narratives of older persons who have acquired impairment in later life and are receiving care. Because the onset of impairment and infirmity marks a point of transition, the study considers the bodily aspects of the ageing process as key elements, despite this being highly problematic in current social gerontology. The authors call for a complex approach to understanding the meanings of the body in the transitions into old age and drawing on their own study based on three repeated interviews with ten older adults conducted over the course of one year (8 women, mean age = 83.8 years), they explore the meanings that are attached to the body in the context of receiving care. Their analysis of the personal accounts and narratives of everyday activities from the participants in their study revealed that embodiment in action is the main topic through which participants experienced their everydayness. The meanings of embodiment in action are shaped and reconstructed on three dimensions that capture important processes of embodiment in action: the sensing of the body (the Body as an Organiser of Activities), anticipation of the body (the Body as an Uncertain Companion), and the managing of the body (the Body as Work to Be Done). The findings offer insights into the processes of transitions in old age, in which the emotional, social, and behavioural aspects of embodiment in action, rather than age, play the key role. The study further highlights that the meanings of the body are complex, highly relevant, and should not be overlooked within the organisational practice of social and health care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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2. Repeated interviews with students – critical methodological points for research quality

Abstract

This article presents a reflection on what the qualitative interview method conducted with students can provide to (mathematics) education research in terms of in-depth knowledge and what critical methodological points should be taken into consideration. Repeated interviews with the same students in relation to research quality is considered. The argument is that repeated interviews can provide in- depth knowledge and a grasp of students’ understandings. Critical points to consider when gaining in-depth knowledge are person- dependency, process ethics, connections between repeated interviews as a method and the aim, and the re-interview effect. These are important to discuss and reflect on throughout the research process, as they can function as quality criteria when producing in-depth knowledge in qualitative research with repeated interviews.

Published
2022
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3. Repeated interviews with students – critical methodological points for research quality

Abstract

This article presents a reflection on what the qualitative interview method conducted with students can provide to (mathematics) education research in terms of in-depth knowledge and what critical methodological points should be taken into consideration. Repeated interviews with the same students in relation to research quality is considered. The argument is that repeated interviews can provide in- depth knowledge and a grasp of students’ understandings. Critical points to consider when gaining in-depth knowledge are person- dependency, process ethics, connections between repeated interviews as a method and the aim, and the re-interview effect. These are important to discuss and reflect on throughout the research process, as they can function as quality criteria when producing in-depth knowledge in qualitative research with repeated interviews.

Published
2022
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4. Repeated interviews with students – critical methodological points for research quality

Abstract

This article presents a reflection on what the qualitative interview method conducted with students can provide to (mathematics) education research in terms of in-depth knowledge and what critical methodological points should be taken into consideration. Repeated interviews with the same students in relation to research quality is considered. The argument is that repeated interviews can provide in- depth knowledge and a grasp of students’ understandings. Critical points to consider when gaining in-depth knowledge are person- dependency, process ethics, connections between repeated interviews as a method and the aim, and the re-interview effect. These are important to discuss and reflect on throughout the research process, as they can function as quality criteria when producing in-depth knowledge in qualitative research with repeated interviews.

Published
2022
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5. Repeated interviews with students – critical methodological points for research quality

Abstract

This article presents a reflection on what the qualitative interview method conducted with students can provide to (mathematics) education research in terms of in-depth knowledge and what critical methodological points should be taken into consideration. Repeated interviews with the same students in relation to research quality is considered. The argument is that repeated interviews can provide in- depth knowledge and a grasp of students’ understandings. Critical points to consider when gaining in-depth knowledge are person- dependency, process ethics, connections between repeated interviews as a method and the aim, and the re-interview effect. These are important to discuss and reflect on throughout the research process, as they can function as quality criteria when producing in-depth knowledge in qualitative research with repeated interviews.

Published
2022
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6. Repeated interviews with students – critical methodological points for research quality

Abstract

This article presents a reflection on what the qualitative interview method conducted with students can provide to (mathematics) education research in terms of in-depth knowledge and what critical methodological points should be taken into consideration. Repeated interviews with the same students in relation to research quality is considered. The argument is that repeated interviews can provide in- depth knowledge and a grasp of students’ understandings. Critical points to consider when gaining in-depth knowledge are person- dependency, process ethics, connections between repeated interviews as a method and the aim, and the re-interview effect. These are important to discuss and reflect on throughout the research process, as they can function as quality criteria when producing in-depth knowledge in qualitative research with repeated interviews.

Published
2022
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7. Transitions in Old Age: The Meanings of Body from the Perspective of Older Adults with Acquired Impairment

Author

Marcela Petrová Kafková and Tatiana Sedláková

Subjects
Sociology and Political Science, business.industry, Transition (fiction), Perspective (graphical), Context (language use), fourth age, body, transitions, acquired impairment, repeated interviews, meaning of the body, Developmental psychology, 03 medical and health sciences, Fourth Age, 0302 clinical medicine, Action (philosophy), 030502 gerontology, Embodied cognition, Health care, Narrative, 030212 general & internal medicine, 0305 other medical science, business, Psychology
Abstract

This paper summarises the knowledge about transition from the third age to what is called the fourth age. The study understands ageing as an embodied process and explores the meanings that are attached to the body in the narratives of older persons who have acquired impairment in later life and are receiving care. Because the onset of impairment and infirmity marks a point of transition, the study considers the bodily aspects of the ageing process as key elements, despite this being highly problematic in current social gerontology. The authors call for a complex approach to understanding the meanings of the body in the transitions into old age and drawing on their own study based on three repeated interviews with ten older adults conducted over the course of one year (8 women, mean age = 83.8 years), they explore the meanings that are attached to the body in the context of receiving care. Their analysis of the personal accounts and narratives of everyday activities from the participants in their study revealed that embodiment in action is the main topic through which participants experienced their everydayness. The meanings of embodiment in action are shaped and reconstructed on three dimensions that capture important processes of embodiment in action: the sensing of the body (the Body as an Organiser of Activities), anticipation of the body (the Body as an Uncertain Companion), and the managing of the body (the Body as Work to Be Done). The findings offer insights into the processes of transitions in old age, in which the emotional, social, and behavioural aspects of embodiment in action, rather than age, play the key role. The study further highlights that the meanings of the body are complex, highly relevant, and should not be overlooked within the organisational practice of social and health care.

Published
2021

8. Repeated interviews with students – critical methodological points for research quality

Author

Helena Roos

Subjects
Matematik, research quality, Qualitative interviews, Didactics, methodology, Didaktik, Mathematics education, Education, ComputingMilieux_COMPUTERSANDEDUCATION, repeated interviews, Research quality, Reflection (computer graphics), Mathematics
Abstract

This article presents a reflection on what the qualitative interview method conducted with students can provide to (mathematics) education research in terms of in-depth knowledge and what critical methodological points should be taken into consideration. Repeated interviews with the same students in relation to research quality is considered. The argument is that repeated interviews can provide in- depth knowledge and a grasp of students’ understandings. Critical points to consider when gaining in-depth knowledge are person- dependency, process ethics, connections between repeated interviews as a method and the aim, and the re-interview effect. These are important to discuss and reflect on throughout the research process, as they can function as quality criteria when producing in-depth knowledge in qualitative research with repeated interviews. Bibliografiskt granskad

Published
2021

9. Adherence to the Revised NICHD Protocol recommendations for conducting repeated supportive interviews is associated with the likelihood that children will allege abuse

Author

Uri Blasbalg, Yael Karni-Visel, Michael E. Lamb, Irit Hershkowitz, Blasbalg, U [0000-0002-4779-371X], Lamb, ME [0000-0002-6792-3526], Karni-Visel, Y [0000-0001-5754-1957], and Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository

Subjects
Child abuse, child investigative interviewing, Childhood development, reluctance, support, Sociology and Political Science, Social Psychology, Interview, Human development (humanity), Structural equation modeling, revised NICHD protocol, repeated interviews, Interpersonal interaction, Psychology, Law, Clinical psychology
Abstract

Because intensely reluctant children often fail to report being abused even when they are supportively interviewed, the Revised NICHD (National Institute of Child Health and Human Development) Protocol (RP) guides interviewers to delay discussion of sensitive topics and build rapport before scheduling a follow-up interview in which children might feel more comfortable. We sought to determine whether adherence to these recommendations was associated with the children’s propensity to make allegations. Repeated forensic interviews were conducted with 202 Israeli children aged 3-14 who did not make allegations in the first interview, but of whom 104 made allegations during the second interview. The interviews were coded to identify interviewers’ provision of support and types of substantive questions (invitations vs. closed-ended), as well as children’s signs of reluctance, responsiveness, and informativeness. Interviewer behavior was represented with a latent variable reflecting the interviewers’ expression of support, use of invitations, and the avoidance of closed-ended questions. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) showed that adherence to the suggested interviewing model was positively associated with children being more likely to allege abuse (total effect: β = .29). This association was mediated by children’s enhanced cooperativeness in the second interview (indirect effect: β = .16). These findings suggest that repeated interviews can be useful despite the additional financial costs.

Published
2020
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10. Repeated Interviews and Children's Memory: It's More Than Just How Many.

Author

Goodman, Gail S. and Quas, Jodi A.

Subjects
*MEMORY in children, *CHILD witnesses, *CHILD psychology, *INTERVIEWING, *MEMORY testing, *PSYCHOLOGY
Abstract

A crucial issue in the study of eyewitness memory concerns effects of repeated interviews on children's memory accuracy. There is growing belief that exposure to repeated interviews causes increased errors. In some situations, it may. Yet, several studies reveal increased accuracy with repeated interviewing, even when the interviews include misleading questions. We review repeated-interview research in relation to event veracity, interviewer bias, and delay. We conclude that when and how children are interviewed is at least as important for their accuracy as is how many times they are interviewed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2008
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11. When children are the least vulnerable to false memories: a true report or a case of autosuggestion?

Author

Marko Jelicic, Henry Otgaar, Nathalie Brackmann, Melanie Sauerland, Section Forensic Psychology, Criminal Law and Criminology, RS: FPN CPS IV, Clinical Psychological Science, RS: FdR Strafrecht en Criminologie, and RS: FdR Institute MICS

Subjects
forensic science, ACCURACY, TESTIMONY, AGE-DIFFERENCES, Poison control, False memory, REPEATED INTERVIEWS, children's testimony, SUGGESTIBILITY, Suicide prevention, 050105 experimental psychology, Pathology and Forensic Medicine, memory, SEXUAL-ABUSE, Genetics, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Legal case, expert witnesses, 05 social sciences, Suggestibility, eyewitness memory, ADULTS, DEVELOPMENTAL REVERSALS, Eyewitness memory, Sexual abuse, developmental reversal, IMMEDIATE, false memory, Psychology, Social psychology, 050104 developmental & child psychology, Autosuggestion
Abstract

In this case report, a legal case revolving around the reliability of statements given by a 6-year-old girl is described. She claimed to have witnessed her mother being murdered by her father. Two psychological experts provided diametrically opposed opinions about the reliability of her statements. One expert, a clinician, opined that the girl's statements were based on autosuggestion whereas the other expert, a memory researcher, stated that autosuggestion was unlikely to have played a role. This case and the analysis of the experts' opinions illustrate what may happen when experts in court are unaware of the recent literature on (false) memory. That is, recent studies show that autosuggestion is less likely to occur in young children than in older children and adults. The current case stresses the importance and implications of relying on memory experts in cases concerning the reliability of eyewitness statements.

Published
2016

12. When children are the least vulnerable to false memories: a true report or a case of autosuggestion?

Author

Brackmann, N. and Brackmann, N.

Abstract

In this case report, a legal case revolving around the reliability of statements given by a 6-year-old girl is described. She claimed to have witnessed her mother being murdered by her father. Two psychological experts provided diametrically opposed opinions about the reliability of her statements. One expert, a clinician, opined that the girl's statements were based on autosuggestion whereas the other expert, a memory researcher, stated that autosuggestion was unlikely to have played a role. This case and the analysis of the experts' opinions illustrate what may happen when experts in court are unaware of the recent literature on (false) memory. That is, recent studies show that autosuggestion is less likely to occur in young children than in older children and adults. The current case stresses the importance and implications of relying on memory experts in cases concerning the reliability of eyewitness statements.

Published
2016

13. Children's reporting patterns after witnessing homicidal violence - the effect of repeated experience and repeated interviews

Abstract

For both legal and clinical purposes, it is of importance to study children's memories and reports of stressful events. The present study investigated the reporting patterns of 83 children who had witnessed homicidal violence, which is considered to be a highly stressful experience. More specifically, we explored the possible effects of prior violence exposure and of repeated questioning on the amount of details reported. Results showed that the majority of children provided detailed reports about the homicidal violence they had witnessed, including details concerning what happened before, during, and after the violent act. The children provided detailed and vivid testimonies from their experiences, whether they witnessed the event for the first time or had prior experience of witnessing severe violence against the victim by the perpetrator. Children with no prior experience of repeated violence who underwent repeated interviews provided more details than those interviewed once. The present data indicate that children are competent witnesses when questioned in legal contexts after having been exposed to extremely stressful events. These findings have implications for research related to children's memories and reporting of traumatic experiences, as well as practical implications for future treatment and evaluation of children's testimonies., AuthorCount:3

Published
2014
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14. Children's reporting patterns after witnessing homicidal violence : the effect of repeated experience and repeated interviews

Abstract

For both legal and clinical purposes, it is of importance to study children's memories and reports of stressful events. The present study investigated the reporting patterns of 83 children who had witnessed homicidal violence, which is considered to be a highly stressful experience. More specifically, we explored the possible effects of prior violence exposure and of repeated questioning on the amount of details reported. Results showed that the majority of children provided detailed reports about the homicidal violence they had witnessed, including details concerning what happened before, during, and after the violent act. The children provided detailed and vivid testimonies from their experiences, whether they witnessed the event for the first time or had prior experience of witnessing severe violence against the victim by the perpetrator. Children with no prior experience of repeated violence who underwent repeated interviews provided more details than those interviewed once. The present data indicate that children are competent witnesses when questioned in legal contexts after having been exposed to extremely stressful events. These findings have implications for research related to children's memories and reporting of traumatic experiences, as well as practical implications for future treatment and evaluation of children's testimonies.

Published
2014
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15. Children's reporting patterns after witnessing homicidal violence – the effect of repeated experience and repeated interviews.

Abstract

For both legal and clinical purposes, it is of importance to study children's memories and reports of stressful events. The present study investigated the reporting patterns of 83 children who had witnessed homicidal violence, which is considered to be a highly stressful experience. More specifically, we explored the possible effects of prior violence exposure and of repeated questioning on the amount of details reported. Results showed that the majority of children provided detailed reports about the homicidal violence they had witnessed, including details concerning what happened before, during, and after the violent act. The children provided detailed and vivid testimonies from their experiences, whether they witnessed the event for the first time or had prior experience of witnessing severe violence against the victim by the perpetrator. Children with no prior experience of repeated violence who underwent repeated interviews provided more details than those interviewed once. The present data indicate that children are competent witnesses when questioned in legal contexts after having been exposed to extremely stressful events. These findings have implications for research related to children's memories and reporting of traumatic experiences, as well as practical implications for future treatment and evaluation of children's testimonies.

Published
2014
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