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Coherence is intrinsically related to projective measurement. When the fixed projective measurement involves higher-rank projectors, the coherence resource is referred to as block coherence, which comes from the superposition of orthogonal subspaces. Here, we establish a set of quantitative relations for the interconversion between block coherence and multipartite entanglement under the framework of the block-incoherent operations. It is found that the converted multipartite entanglement is upper bounded by the initial block coherence of single-party system. Moreover, the generated multipartite entanglement can be transferred to its subsystems and restored to block coherence of the initial single-party system by means of local block-incoherent operations and classical communication. In addition, when only the coarse-grained quantum operations are accessible for the ancillary subsystems, we further demonstrate that a lossless resource interconversion is still realizable, and give a concrete example in three four-level systems. Our results provide a versatile approach to utilize different quantum resources in a cyclic fashion.

In this work, the diversity of microbial consortium coming from a shale gas well was initially analyzed by 16 S full length sequencing, and the primary bacteria are Arciella (53.37 %), Shewanella (43.61%), and Desulfovibrio (1.95 %). These bacteria can produce large amounts of H 2 S using sulfate as electron acceptor. Subsequently, microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC) behavior and MIC inhibition mechanism of norfloxacin and clindamycin hydrochloride are studied. The bacteria in anaerobic microbial consortium (AMC) significantly accelerate steel corrosion, but norfloxacin and clindamycin hydrochloride both can effectively inhibit MIC at a low concentration (40 mg/L) with inhibition efficiencies of 85.2 % and 82.7 %, respectively. [Display omitted] • A good method to solve the potential risks of obsolete antibiotics is proposed based on the strategy of resource conversion. • The primary bacteria are Arciella (53.37 %), Shewanella (43.90 %), and Desulfovibrio (1.95 %) in a shale gas produced water. • Desulfovibrio is not the chief bacterial in this environment. • The bacteria in anaerobic microbial consortium (AMC) significantly accelerate steel corrosion. • Norfloxacin and clindamycin hydrochloride both can effectively inhibit MIC caused by AMC at a low concentration (40 mg/L). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Improvements in networking technologies have provided users with useful information services. Such information services may bring convenience and efficiency, but might be accompanied by vulnerabilities to a variety of attacks. Therefore, a variety of research to enhance the security of the systems and get the services at the same time has been carried out. Especially, research on intrusion-tolerant systems (ITSs) has been conducted in order to survive against every intrusion, rather than to detect and prevent them. In this paper, an ITS based on effective resource conversion (ERC) is presented to achieve the goal of intrusion-tolerance. Instead of using the fixed number of virtual machines (VMs) to process requests and recover as in conventional approaches, the ITS based on ERC can transform the assigned resources depending on the system status. This scheme is proved to maintain a certain level of quality of service (QoS) and quality of security service (QoSS) in threatening environments. The performance of ERC is compared with previous studies on ITS by CSIM 20, and it is verified that the proposed scheme is more effective in retaining a specific level of QoS and QoSS.

[Display omitted] • A novel macrocycle-confinement pyrolysis strategy was proposed. • MoN 2 @NPC catalyst was first applied in heterogeneous removal systems for H 2 S. • Synergistic effect between MoN 2 and NPC promoted efficient desulfurization. • The durable removal and conversion of H 2 S can be maintained for >100 h. • The desulfurization product was proved as S 8. The efficient removal of H 2 S is significant to the chemical industry and environmental protection. In this study, a macrocycle-confinement pyrolysis strategy was explored to synthesize a confined MoN 2 @N-rich porous carbon (MoN 2 @NPC) catalyst using β-cyclodextrin encapsulating phosphomolybdic acid (PMo 12 ⊂ β-CD) as a Mo precursor to improve the desulfurization activity of carbonaceous catalysts for the efficient conversion of H 2 S to sulfur. The decomposition of PMo 12 ⊂ β-CD not only generated well distributed MoN 2 sites, but also enriched pore structures due to the pore-forming ability of β-CD. MoN 2 @NPC possessed a high breakthrough capacity of 173.9 mg/g at room temperature and excellent durability (>100 h) at 200 °C toward continuous H 2 S selective oxidation. Furthermore, MoN 2 @NPC showed a remarkable superiority to common catalysts (PC, NPC, and MoN 2 -NPC), revealing the effectiveness of the macrocycle-confinement pyrolysis strategy for strengthening desulfurization activity. The excellent desulfurization ability of MoN 2 @NPC was attributed to the synergetic effect of uniform MoN 2 sites and N species (pyridinic N and pyrrolic N). Additionally, the formed water film and activated O 2 on MoN 2 @NPC further induced H 2 S dissociation and oxidation. This work provides a key insight into the behavior of H 2 S oxidative removal over NPC-based catalysts and offers a promising route to construct non-precious catalysts with high desulfurization activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tetrabromobisphenol A epoxy resin (TBBPA-ER) is the most important nonmetallic composition of waste printed circuit boards (PCBs). Currently, the TBBPA-ER waste is mainly sent to incineration or landfills. The great obstacle of the recovery of the TBBPA-ER waste is the low value-added products obtained by existing technologies. In this study, a novel resource conversion strategy was developed to produce high-purity phenolic chemicals from the TBBPA-ER waste by subcritical water-CuO (SubCW-CuO) process. The high selectivity of the SubCW-CuO process for the recovered products from the TBBPA-ER waste could be attributed to the regulating effect of CuO. The CuO could preferentially trigger the rupture of C-O and C-Ph bonds in the TBBPA-ER chain, resulting in the producing of high-purity phenol (91.47 %) at 300 °C. The reaction between phenol and methyl radical (derived from β-scission of ternary carbon chain groups in the TBBPA-ER waste) resulted in the recovery of high-purity p-cresol (90.30 %) at 350 °C. The optimal conditions of the SubCW-CuO process were solid-liquid ratio of 1:30 g/mL, M(TBBPA-ER):M(CuO) ratio of 10:1 g/g, and 60 min. The conversion ratio of the TBBPA-ER waste could reach 70 % under the optimal conditions. Approximately 3 % of the bromine was transferred into the oil phase products after the SubCW-CuO process at 250 °C, while no organic bromine could be found in the oil phase products at 300 and 350 °C. More than 70 % of the bromine was fixed in the solid residue after the SubCW-CuO process at 300 and 350 °C. The bromine contained in the solid residue mainly existed in the form of CuBr and the Cu species had efficient capture ability for the bromine released from the molecular chain of the TBBPA-ER. It is believed that the SubCW-CuO process developed in this study is a promising alternative technology for the high-efficiency resource conversion of the TBBPA-ER waste. [Display omitted] • We report a novel resource conversion strategy of TBBPA-ER waste by SubCW-CuO. • CuO could catalyze and regulate the conversion reaction of TBBPA-ER waste in SubCW. • High-purity phenol (91.47 %) and p-cresol (90.30 %) could be obtained from TBBPA-ER. • The reaction parameters were optimized and the conversion mechanism was proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]