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Copyright of Retos: Nuevas Perspectivas de Educación Física, Deporte y Recreación is the property of Federacion Espanola de Asociaciones de Docentes de Educacion Fisica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Sportis: Scientific Journal of School Sport, Physical Education & Psychomotricity is the property of Sportis: Scientific Journal of School Sport, Physical Education & Psychomotricity and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Retos: Nuevas Perspectivas de Educación Física, Deporte y Recreación is the property of Federacion Espanola de Asociaciones de Docentes de Educacion Fisica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo principal determinar la relación entre la potencia y el somatotipo de los miembros inferiores y superiores en jugadores de balonmano. Para ello, se emplearon el protocolo ISAK de antropometría nivel 1 y el encoder lineal (T-Force) para evaluar la potencia a través de la media propulsiva del tren superior MPTS y del tren inferior MPTI. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 15 deportistas varones pertenecientes a la selección Boyacá, categoría Sub-21, con una edad de 19,4 ± 0,91 años, un peso 64,21 ± 8,63 kg, una estatura de 1,64 ± 0,5 m y un índice de masa corporal de 23,71 ±1,69. Los resultados revelaron un somatotipo con valores en la Endomorfia de 5,96 ± 1,04, Mesomorfia de 3,55 ± 0,98 y Ectomorfia de 2,20 ± 0,83. Respecto a la potencia media propulsiva, se obtuvieron 256,67 ± 9,86 watts para el tren superior y 639,60 ± 147,46 watts para el tren inferior. Se utilizó la correlación de Pearson y se evidenció una correlación débil entre MPTS y la Endomorfia (0,16), moderada con la Mesomorfia (0,49) y moderada negativa con la Ectomorfia (-0,38); mientras que la MPTI y la endomorfia (0,25) generaron una correlación débil, moderada con la Mesomorfia (0,49) y moderada negativa Ectomorfia (-0,34). Se concluyó que la relación entre el somatotipo y la potencia media propulsiva de ambos trenes tiende a ser moderada y baja.

El objetivo de esta investigación es determinar las características antropométricas, composición corporal y somatotipo de los deportistas de paratenis de mesa con discapacidad física de la región de Ñuble (Chile). Se realizó una investigación de estudio de casos, con enfoque cuantitativo, no experimental y de corte transversal con una muestra de 4 deportistas pertenecientes al programa promesas Chile con un promedio de edad de 17.5±4.8 años. Se obtuvieron datos antropométricos relacionados a la composición corporal por medio del protocolo ISAK, el somatotipo y somatocarta mediante el método Heath-Carter y se obtuvo el Indice de Cintura Cadera (ICC). Los principales resultados de esta investigación indican que tres deportistas (75%) presentan malnutrición por exceso según el IMC, mientras que un deportista se encuentra en categoría normopeso. Respecto al ICC, dos paratletas varones clasifican en muy bajo riesgo de sufrir enfermedades metabólicas y cardiovasculares, uno en bajo riesgo y la deportista mujer en alto riesgo. Dos paratletas arrojaron un somatotipo endomesomorfo, mientras que los dos restantes tienen un somatotipo mesoendomorfo. En cuanto al porcentaje de grasa, dos de ellos no superan el 20%, ubicándose en la categoría de óptimo y ligero sobrepeso respectivamente, mientras que los otros dos están alrededor del 30% quedando en categoría de obeso. La evaluación antropométrica revela preocupantes niveles de sobrepeso. Además, se observa una prevalencia de perfiles somatotípicos endomórficos y mesomórficos. Es esencial implementar programas de entrenamiento y educación nutricional para mejorar su salud y rendimiento deportivo. Palabras clave: Composición corporal, perfil antropométrico, somatotipo, para tenis de mesa. Abstract. The objective of this research is to determine the anthropometric characteristics, body composition and somatotype of para table tennis athletes with physical disabilities in the Ñuble region (Chile). A case study research was conducted, with a quantitative, non-experimental and cross-sectional approach with a sample of 4 athletes belonging to the promesas Chile program with an average age of 17.5±4.8 years. Anthropometric data related to body composition were obtained by means of the ISAK protocol, somatotype and somatocarta by means of the Heath-Carter method and the Hip-Waist Index (HWI) was obtained. The main results of this research indicate that three athletes (75%) present excess malnutrition according to BMI, while one athlete is in the normal weight category. Regarding the ICC, two male para-athletes are classified in very low risk of suffering metabolic and cardiovascular diseases, one in low risk and the female athlete in high risk. Two para-athletes showed an endomesomorph somatotype, while the remaining two have a mesoendomorph somatotype. As for the percentage of fat, two of them do not exceed 20%, placing them in the optimal and slightly overweight category respectively, while the other two are around 30%, placing them in the obese category. The anthropometric evaluation reveals worrying levels of overweight. In addition, a prevalence of endomorphic and mesomorphic somatotype profiles is observed. It is essential to implement training and nutritional education programs to improve their health and sports performance. Keywords: Body composition, anthropometric profile, somatotype, para table tennis.

Copyright of Revista Iberoamericana de Ciencias de la Actividad Física y el Deporte is the property of Revista Iberoamericana de Ciencias de la Actividad Física y el Deporte and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Este estudo analisoua relação entre indicadores de risco à saúde e as componentes do somatótipo consoante os níveis de atividade física em crianças. Trata-se de uma pesquisa epidemiológica de base escolar, composta por 168 crianças (6 a11 anos) de ambos os sexos. Informações demográficas foram obtidas. Avaliações antropométricas (estatura; massa corporal; pregas de adiposidade subcutânea; perímetros do braço contraído, cintura, quadril e panturrilha), pressão arterial sistólica e diastólica, e atividade física (ativo; inativo) foram mensuradas. O somatótipo, razão cintura-quadril e razão cintura-estatura foram calculados. Análise de comparação, correlação e regressão linear múltipla foram realizadas, considerando intervalo de confiança de 95%. Meninos apresentaram maior número de passos, razão cintura-quadril e cintura-estatura. Crianças ativas eram mais velhas, possuíam maior perímetro de cintura, quadril e pressão arterial sistólica. No grupo fisicamente ativo, o sexo esteve associado diretamente ao perímetro de cintura e razãocintura-estatura, enquanto a idade associou-se com a perímetro de quadril e pressão arterial diastólica. Nas crianças inativas, todas as variáveis preditoras (exceto para a variável sexo em relação ao perímetro de quadril) mostraram-se significativas parao perímetro da cintura e quadril, explicando, conjuntamente, ~83% e 85% da expressão destas variáveis, respectivamente. A relação entre indicadores de risco à saúde e as componentes do somatótipo foi maior em crianças inativas. Independentemente do nível de atividade física, a endomorfia mostrou relação significativa com os componentes de saúde, com maior efeito no grupo inativo, tendo em vista a associação com a composição corporal dos sujeitos.

This study aims to assess the nutritional status of Aymara and non-Aymara children in Arica, comparing anthropometric measurements of boys and girls aged 4-10 to inform interventions for child health and development. We conducted a non-experimental, quantitative, cross-sectional study in Arica, Chile. The sample included 458 children, with equal representation of Aymara and non-Aymara children from diverse socioeconomic backgrounds. Trained research assistants collected anthropometric data using standardized techniques. IBM SPSS statistical software was used for data analysis, including Student's t-test and the Levene test. Both Aymara and non-Aymara children showed high prevalence of overweight and obesity. Boys had a meso-endomorph somatotype, while girls had an endomorph somatotype. Among 8-year-olds, non-Aymara children had a slightly higher mean body weight (35.87, SD 4.50) compared to Aymara children (32.27, SD 4.31), but the difference was not statistically significant (p>0.05). However, 10-year-old Aymara girls had a significantly higher mean body mass index (22.34, SD 4.21) than non-Aymara girls (20.10, SD 3.58) (p=0.05). Regarding body fat percentage, 10-yearold non-Aymara girls had a slightly higher mean (31.01, SD 5.64) than Aymara girls (26.12, SD 5.63), but the difference was not statistically significant (p>0.05). The study found high levels of overweight and obesity in children from northern Chile, increasing with age for both Aymara and non-Aymara groups. The somatotype patterns were consistent across both groups. Although the differences between Aymara and non-Aymara children were not statistically significant, the Aymara group showed slightly higher levels of overweight and obesity. Further research with a larger sample size is needed to confirm these results and identify potential trends. Efforts should focus on promoting healthy nutrition and physical activity to address the growing problem of overweight and obesity in this region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Retos: Nuevas Perspectivas de Educación Física, Deporte y Recreación is the property of Federacion Espanola de Asociaciones de Docentes de Educacion Fisica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Iberoamericana de Ciencias de la Actividad Física y el Deporte is the property of Revista Iberoamericana de Ciencias de la Actividad Física y el Deporte and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Anthropometric characteristics, including body size, shape, and composition, can have a significant impact on sports performance due to their influence on various physiological and biomechanical factors. However, limited research has been conducted on the anthropometric characteristics of highly trained throwing para-athletes. The purpose of this study was to describe the anthropometric characteristics, handgrip strength, and upper limb bilateral asymmetries of highly trained Chilean shot put para-throwers. Five male Chilean shot put para-athletes (average age of 38.8 ± 7.7 years) were assessed for their anthropometric characteristics, including skinfold thickness at six anatomical sites, girth at five sites, and bone breadth at two sites. Handgrip strength and bilateral asymmetries were also measured. The body mass and height of the athletes were found to be 90.5 ± 5.1 kg and 179.1 ± 8.9 cm, respectively. The athletes were found to have an endo-mesomorph somatotype (4.4-6.9-1.0) with high levels of fat mass (25.7 ± 2.8 %) and skeletal muscle mass (39.1 ± 3.7 %). The handgrip strength of the athletes was found to be 66.4 ± 6.7 kg with a bilateral asymmetry of 6.5 ± 6.2 %, with the dominant hand showing greater strength. The results indicate that the shot put para-athletes have a somatotype characterized by increased muscularity and body fat, along with a considerable stature. Although handgrip strength was found to be high, the athletes showed bilateral asymmetry, which requires further investigation to determine the cause and implications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Ciencias de la Actividad Física UCM is the property of Ediciones Universidad Catolica del Maule and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The objective of this meta-analysis is to synthesise available research that has evaluated the anthropometric, morphological and somatotype characteristics of water polo players. Studies were identified through electronic databases and manually searched volumes of pertinent journals. It has been determined that a substantial share of the mesomorphic component characterises both male and female water polo players. The somatotype of the junior male section belongs to the balanced mesomorph, while the junior female section belongs to the endomesomorph somatotype. The research of anthropometric characteristics has yielded an average body height and weight of male and female water polo players. It has been determined that the average water polo player has undergone certain changes in terms of some anthropometric characteristics resulting from the secular trend and the morphological adaptation. Higher numerical values in terms of some skeletal dimensionality, voluminosity and body height and mass have proven to be significant indicators of athletic achievement of water polo players. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of PODIUM- Revista de Ciencia y Tecnologia en la Cultura Física is the property of Universidad de Pinar del Rio and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Retos: Nuevas Perspectivas de Educación Física, Deporte y Recreación is the property of Federacion Espanola de Asociaciones de Docentes de Educacion Fisica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Iberoamericana de Ciencias de la Actividad Física y el Deporte is the property of Revista Iberoamericana de Ciencias de la Actividad Física y el Deporte and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

El somatotipo es la clasificación de la figura humana de acuerdo a tres elementos secuenciales: endomorfia o adiposidad relativa, mesomorfia o desarrollo músculo esquelético relativo y ectomorfia o linealidad relativa. Los objetivos específicos de este estudio fueron establecer datos de referencia para el somatotipo de la selección y por posiciones de juego en jugadoras cubanas de béisbol, y comparar las características del somatotipo entre posiciones de juego, con una población internacional. Se evaluaron 21 atletas, a través de la técnica del somatotipo antropométrico de Heath-Carter; todas fueron miembros de la selección nacional que participaron en la primera Copa del Caribe y en el clasificatorio panamericano 2022. La edad de las atletas fue la cronológica y deportiva promedio de 26,8 y 12,4 años, respectivamente. Las jugadoras se dividieron en cuatro grupos: lanzadoras, jardineras, jugadoras de cuadro y primera base + receptoras, y sus somatotipos promedios fueron 4,5-5; 5-2,2; 4,3-4; 7-1,4; 4,5-4; 5-1,5; 4,2-5 Y 5-1,7. El somatotipo no fue significativamente diferente entre jugadoras de diferentes posiciones (p ≤ 0,05). Las lanzadoras fueron las más homogéneas entre las posiciones. De las trece categorías del somatotipo descritas, las jugadoras cubanas mostraron seis. La categoría dominante fue la de somatotipo mesoendomórfico y el somatotipo antropométrico de la jugadora cubana fue similar al de la jugadora internacional.

El objetivo de este estudio fue analizary comparar la composición corporal y el somatotipo de atletas ciegos de fútbol 5 de alto rendimiento de diferentes posiciones de juego. Participaron de esta investigación 63 atletas (28,0±5,8años) de diferentes equipos masculinos defútbol5 de alto rendimiento. Los atletas fueron sometidos a una evaluación antropométrica a fin de para obtener las medidas: espesor de pliegues cutáneos, perímetros corporales, diámetros óseos, estatura y masa corporal total. A partir de estas medidas fueron calculados los siguientes parámetros: porcentaje de grasa corporal y porcentaje de masa magra, Σ de 9 pliegues cutáneos, índice de masa corporal y somatotipo. Los jugadores Alas presentaron valores inferiores en porcentaje de grasa (%G=17,4%) en comparación con los atletas Cierre (23,1%) y Pivot (21,5%), ambos con diferencia significativa (p

The present research corresponds to a cross-sectional descriptive study in the anthropometric field, which allows coaches to develop standards to identify talent and optimize training in the discipline of beach volleyball. Its objective was to define the anthropometric profile and body composition of the Mexican Olympic beach volleyball teams in both sexes. The participants were couples one and two of Mexico in both sexes (defined by FIVB ranking), 4 women and 4 men with average age of 30.25±6.85 and 27.25±7.36 years. The technique used was Heath-Carter´s somatotype method and the anthropometric profile restricted ISAK protocol. Among the findings resulting from the research, unification can be observed in the male morphological characteristics (triceps skinfold, front thigh skinfold, calf skinfold, circumference of relaxed and contracted arm, waist, hip, femur diameter and BMI), as for the somatotype, both sexes of Mexican couples are positioned in mesomorphs-balanced. In relation to other studies consulted, balance in somatotype and muscular development is observed with high performance teams. Weight and height, as well as age, are important variables for the selection of talent and future optimal performance in world and professional volleyball. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Retos: Nuevas Perspectivas de Educación Física, Deporte y Recreación is the property of Federacion Espanola de Asociaciones de Docentes de Educacion Fisica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Somatotype characters have been defined for many diseases. However, there is insufficient information on the somatotype characters of chronic kidney patients. The first aim of our study was to define the specific somatotype in patients diagnosed with CKD. The second aim was to investigate the relationship between somatotype characters and physical activity and depression in CKD patients. A total of 88 (52.7 %) patients diagnosed with CKD between January and December 2021 at the Department of Nephrology, Inonu University Hospital (Malatya, Turkey) and 79 (47.3 %) healthy volunteers were included in the study. Somatotype analysis was performed using the Heath-Carter method. Physical activity was assessed with the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) and depressive symptoms with the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). Analysis revealed that patients had greater medial calf girth (p = 0.036), higher triceps (p = 0.007) and suprailiac (p = 0.042) skinfold thicknesses and higher body mass index (p = 0.007) compared to controls. Patients also had significantly higher endomorphy (patients: 6.57±1.35 vs. controls: 6.04±1.3; effect size (ES): 0.40, p=0.010) and significantly higher mesomorphy (patients: 7.44±2 vs. controls: 6.85±2.3; ES: 0.27, p=0.039) as well as significantly lower ectomorphy (patients: 0.71±0.69 vs. controls: 1.10±0.93; ES: 0.47, p=0.006). Significant positive correlations were also observed between mesomorphy and IPAQ (rho = 0.219, p = 0.04), endomorphy and BDI (rho = 0.423, p < 0.001) and mesomorphy and BDI (rho = 0.392, p > 0.001). Significant negative correlations were observed between ectomorph and BDI (rho = -0.325, p = 0.002). We observed that the dominant somatotype was endomorphic mesomorph in patients with CKD. In addition, the fact that CKD patients with ectomorphic body structure have lower depressive symptoms could have an impact on their well-being. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Cuadernos de Psicología del Deporte is the property of Cuadernos de Psicologia del Deporte and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Body composition, somatotype and nutritional status are essential tools for monitoring the performance of high-performance athlete. The objective of the present study was to verify the body composition, the dominant somatotype and nutritional status of high-performance taekwondo athletes of the Mexican TKD team. The anthropometric profile, somatotype and nutritional status were determined in sixteen Mexican TKD athletes [8 men, mean age 21.5 yrs. (19.8-23.0 95% CI); 8 women, mean age 21.9 yrs. (19.2-24.4 95% CI)]. An independent-samples t-test was used to compare the means between both genders (Men vs. Women). The height (p = 0.001), the anterior thigh (p = 0.006) and calf (p = 0.049) folds, the flexed arm circumference (p = 0.047), the humerus (p = 0.011) and femur (p = 0.012) diameters, the fat free mass (p = 0.020) and arm total area (p = 0.049) and arm muscle area (p = 0.001) were significantly different between men and women. The percentage of body fat and arm fat area were not significant between both genders. A normal caloric reserve, but a slightly high percentage of body fat was observed for both genders. In addition, normal and high protein reserves were identified for men and women, respectively. An ecto-mesomorphic somatotype was highlighted in both men (2.1-3.2-4.2) and in the group (2.4-3.1-3.8), but ectomorphic-mesomorphic (2.8-3.2-3.4) to women. The somatotype of the Mexican TKD athlete predominated by a greater relative linearity followed by a musculoskeletal magnitude and a lower relative adiposity. The findings of this study provide morphological evidence to monitor the physical and nutritional performance of the high-performance TKD athlete. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Revista Iberoamericana de Ciencias de la Actividad Física y el Deporte is the property of Revista Iberoamericana de Ciencias de la Actividad Física y el Deporte and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objetivo: Analizar las características antropométricas de futbolistas profesionales del club deportivo Ñublense divididos de acuerdo a la posición que ocupan en el campo de juego. Método: Participaron ciento cincuenta y ocho (n=158) jugadores profesionales de Futbol divididos en Arqueros (AR) Defensas (DEF) Volantes (VOL) y Delanteros (DEL), todos pertenecientes al Club Deportivo Ñublense de la ciudad de Chillan, Chile. Se realizó una valoración de la composición corporal utilizando el fraccionamiento en 5 componentes, somatotipo, índice de masa corporal, suma de seis pliegues cutáneos y la relación músculo-óseo, siguiendo el protocolo de la International Society for the Advancements of Kinanthropometry (ISAK). Resultados: En cuanto a la composición corporal se obtuvieron valores porcentuales de Masa Adiposa=21.7%, Masa Muscular=48.9%, Masa Residual=12.4%, Masa Osea=11.4% y Masa Piel=5.2%. En relación al somatotipo se obtuvo una clasificación mesomorfico balanceado con valores medios 2.5-5.4-2.1. Conclusión: Los jugadores profesionales del club de futbol Ñublense de acuerdo a la posición que ocupan en el terreno de juego, presentan un somatotipo similar al de otros futbolistas nacionales e internacionales, donde predomina el componente mesomórfico balanceado. Sin embargo, se observa una elevación de los porcentajes de masa adiposa (MA) y una menor talla, en comparación a futbolistas internacionales, lo que pueden determinar claras diferencias en el rendimiento respecto a las posiciones de juego en situaciones competitivas. Abstract. Objective: Analyze the anthropometric characteristics of Chilean professional soccer players divided according to the position they occupy in the field of play. Method: One hundred and fifty-eight (n = 158) professional soccer players divided into Archers (AR) Defenses (DEF) Volantes (VOL) and Forwards (FOR), with average Age values (24.2 ±4.76 years, body mass 75.0±7.28 kg and height 175.7±6.32 cm.), All belonging to the Ñublense Sports Club of the city of Chillan, Chile. An assessment of the body composition was made using the 5 component fractionation, somatotype, body mass index, sum of six skinfolds and the muscle-bone relationship, following the protocol of the International Society for the Advancements of Kinanthropometry. Results: Regarding body composition, mean values of Adipose Mass = 21.7%, Muscular Mass = 48.9%, Residual Mass = 12.4%, Bone Mass = 11.4% and Skin Mass = 5.2% were obtained. In relation to the somatotype, a balanced mesomorphic classification was obtained with mean values 2.5 - 5.4 - 2.1. Conclusion: According to the position they occupy on the pitch, the professional players of the Ñublense soccer club present a somatotype similar to that of other national and international soccer players, where the balanced mesomorphic component predominates. However, there is an increase in the percentages of adipose mass (AM) and a smaller stature, compared to international soccer players, which can determine clear differences in performance with respect to playing positions in competitive situations.

O Rugby é um esporte intermitente com elevada demanda das capacidades de potência, força e velocidade. Estas exigências específicas demonstram a importância de se respeitar as demandas funcionais e características físicas entre os atletas backs e forwards. Os objetivos do estudo foram 1) descrever as características de desempenho físico, de estrutura e composição corporal de atletas juvenis de Rugby e, 2) comparar os atletas de acordo com suas posições táticas. Participaram oito atletas (16 a 18 anos) de Guarapuava-Paraná-Brasil, agrupados de acordo com as posições de jogo, quatro na posição de forwards e quatro na posição de backs. Os atletas foram submetidos a medidas antropométricas para estimativa do percentual de gordura, somatotipo e testes motores para determinação de parâmetros fisiológicos. A análise foi realizada por meio do teste de Shapiro-Wilk e Teste U de Mann-Whitney. Os resultados revelaram diferenças significativas para massa corporal e percentual de gordura dos forwards em relação aos backs (88,5±15,7kg e 67,2±10,1kg; 22,5±5,3% e 16,4±1,0%, respectivamente). Enquanto o perfil físico dos atletas demonstrou predominância da massa muscular (endomesomorfo), não foram verificadas diferenças entre as posições para as variáveis fisiológicas. Concluímos que os atletas do presente estudo apresentam características semelhantes entre as posições táticas descritas em outros estudos, contudo demonstram desvantagens marcantes no teor de gordura que poderá interferir em um melhor desempenho motor.

Introducción. El estudio de variables antropométricas y genéticas son fundamentales como determinantes del rendimiento deportivo. Objetivo. El objetivo del estudio fue determinar el somatotipo y la frecuencia de genotipo y alelo de 𝜶-actinina 3 (ACTN3) R577X y enzima convertidora de angiotensina (ECA) I/D polimorfismo de jugadores de tenis de mesa chilenos. Método. Se estudiaron 24 tenimesistas varones (edad 22,1 ± 5,4) del ranking nacional de Chile. La obtención de ACTN3 y ECA se recogió por muestra la saliva y se analizaron mediante reacción cadena de la polimerasa convencional. La estructura corporal se caracterizó a través del método del somatotipo propuesto por Carter. A partir de estadísticas descriptiva, se analizaron los valores medios de somatotipo, frecuencia de clasificación y ubicación de somato carta, además, de valores de frecuencia de genotipo y alelo de ACTN3 R/X y ECA I/D polimorfismo de acuerdo con número de aparición y porcentaje.Resultados. Se evidenció un predominio de clasificación mesoendomórfica y endomesomórfica, una mayor frecuencia fenotípica XX con predominio de alelo X para el gen ACTN3 y mayor frecuencia DI con predominio de alelo D para ECA. Conclusión. El somatotipo de tenimesistas chilenos tiene una orientación hacia mesoendomorfía y un predominio XX y alelo X del gen ACTN3 y, predominio del genotipo DI y alelo D del gen ECA, estas características podrían ofrecer una ventaja genética en cuanto a niveles de fuerza y potencia muscular, posiblemente facilitando la práctica y el éxito competitivo en estos tenimesistas chilenos. Abstract. Introduction. The study of anthropometric and genetic variables are essential as determinants of sports performance. Objective. The objective of the study was to determine the somatotype and the frequency of genotype and allele of 𝜶-actinin 3 (ACTN3) R577X and angiotensin converting enzyme (RCT) I / D polymorphism of Chilean table tennis players. Method. 24 male table tennis players (age 22.1 x 5.4) of Chile's national rankings were studied. Obtaining ACTN3 and ACE was collected by sample of saliva and analyzed by polymerase chain in real time. The body structure was characterized through the somatotype method proposed by Carter. From descriptive statistics, the mean values of somatotype, frequency of classification and location of somato letter were analyzed, in addition, of genotype frequency values and allele of ACTN3 R/X and ECA I/D polymorphism according to number of occurrence and percentage. Results. It demonstrated a predominance of mesoendomorphy and endomorphy classification, a higher phenotypic frequency XX with predominance of allele X for the ACTN3 gene and higher frequency of DI allele with predomina D for ACE. Conclusion. The somatotype of Chilean tenimestists has an orientation towards mesoendomorphy and a predominance of the genotype XX and allele X of the ACTN3 gene and, predominance of the DI genotype and allele D of the ACE gene, these characteristics could offer a genetic advantage in terms of strength levels and muscle potency, possibly facilitating practice and competitive success in these Chilean tenimists.

The primary aim of this study was to determine the morphology of elite canoe slalom paddlers and to identity if morphology differences existed between kayak and canoe paddlers. The survey included a total of 74 canoe slalom paddlers who competed in the 2018 European Championship. These competitors were assessed using a battery of anthropometric dimensions according to standardized anthropometric techniques and bioimpedance analysis using the multifrequency octopolar device Tanita MC-980. Elite slalom male competitors can be characterized to having average body height (~180 cm), average weight (~75 kg), with ectomorphic mesomorph somatotype (1.3 - 5.5 - 2.7), well developed trunk and arm muscles (biceps girth: 35.4 ± 1.8), low hypertrophy of legs and low body fat (8 ± 3.2 %). In addition, there are no significant differences between canoe (C1) and kayak (K1) paddlers. For female competitors we can conclude, there has been little change in anthropometric values through the decades. However, C1 competitors are younger, more mesomorphic and less ectomorphic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introducción: El entrenamiento físico en la formación militar tiene por objetivo desarrollar la preparación física y psicológica frente a condiciones ambientales adversas. Objetivo: Determinar los cambios en la composición corporal y el somatotipo, producto del periodo de entrenamiento físico básico, en la formación militar de cuatro semanas de duración en soldados conscriptos. Método: Se evaluaron 28 varones (edad: 18,9 ± 0,9 años; estatura: 1,75 ± 0,1 m; masa corporal: 67 ± 8,7 kg; índice de masa corporal: 22,5 ± 2,4 y 70,88±26,57 de ∑6 pliegues) que ingresaron al periodo de formación militar en la Fuerza Aérea de Chile, Base Quintero. Se entregó un consentimiento informado previo a la realización del estudio y se siguieron las indicaciones establecidas en la declaración de Helsinki. Los participantes fueron sometidos a un plan de entrenamiento físico con una duración de 4 semanas, en las instalaciones del centro militar. Resultados: Con posterioridad al entrenamiento físico, hubo una disminución significativa de la masa adiposa (p < 0,01), con un aumento de la masa muscular (p < 0,01). No se observaron diferencias significativas en los componentes del somatotipo (Pre: 3,29 - 4,78 - 2,59 vs. Post: 2,73 - 4,72 - 2,73; p = 0,24). Conclusiones: Se concluye que el entrenamiento físico en militares, durante un periodo corto de cuatro semanas, provoca cambios rápidos y significativos en la composición corporal de los soldados; cambios que no alcanzaron a observarse en el somatotipo.

Introduction: The objective of physical training in military training is to develop physical and psychological preparation in adverse environmental conditions. Objective: Determine the changes in body composition and somatotype product of basic physical training in military training for four weeks in conscript soldiers. Methods: 28 men were evaluated (age: 18.9 ± 0.9 years; height: 1.75 ± 0.1 m; weight: 67 ± 8.7 kg; BMI: 22.5 ± 2.4 and ∑6 folds 70.88 ± 26.57) who entered the period of military training in the Chilean Air Force, Quintero headquarters. Informed consent was given before the study; the indications established in the Declaration of Helsinki were followed.The participants were incorporated into a physical training plan for 4 weeks. The program was carried out in the facilities of a military center. Results: After physical training there was a significant decrease in adipose mass (p

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El presente estudio caracterizó el perfil dermatoglífico y somatotipo de 12 atletas universitarios, pertenecientes a la selección de atletismo de la universidad Santo Tomás, sede Bogotá. Se identificaron las características dermatoglíficas, acorde al protocolo de Cummins & Midlo (1942) para obtener los tipos de diseños de las impresiones digitales (A= 0,3; ± 0,7; L= 6,9 ± 2,6 y W= 2,8 ± 2,9) y a su vez la suma de la cantidad total de líneas ( SCTL= 170,6 ± 95,1) y por último, el índice delta (D10= 12,4 ± 3,3). Para el somatotipo, se tuvo en cuenta el protocolo de Heath & Carter (1990). Endomorfia en (2,5 ± 0,9); Mesomorfia (5,3 ± 0,9) y Ectomorfia (3,1 ± 1). El perfil dermatoglífico de cada uno de los deportistas, evidenció la presencia del somatotipo ectomorfo sobre los otros. Esto determinó la importancia de esta técnica como herramienta genética en la optimización de estrategias y orientaciones deportivas. La necesidad de seguir con estos procesos investigativos es fundamental para la academia, los procesos deportivos, los deportistas y al deporte Colombiano, universitario y profesional.

El presente documento tiene como objetivo describir el perfil dermatoglífico y las características morfofuncionales a nivel internacional en el voleibol. Para esto, se realizó una revisión sistemática a partir de una búsqueda avanzada en cuatro bases de datos de MeSH: PubMed, BVS, SPORTDiscus y Science Direct. En la revisión inicial se encontraron 14 artículos, de los cuales se descartaron 5 por duplicidad y deficiencias en el proceso de referenciación. De los 9 artículos restantes solo 7 cumplieron con los criterios exigidos. Los artículos están clasificados en nivel de evidencia 2+ y recomendación C. Se registra la presencia constante de presillas (huella digital ligada a la fuerza explosiva) y verticilos (huella digital ligada a la coordinación). Además de esto, los jugadores deben estar muy bien entrenados para tener un mejor rendimiento. Sus músculos deben ser fuertes, elásticos, explosivos, bien coordinados y capaces de resistir intensos periodos de esfuerzo físico.

Introducción: Los buceadores como premisa deben presentar una excelente condición física, por desarrollarse bajo situaciones adversas de altas presiones (condiciones hiperbáricas) y grandes profundidades. Objetivo: Determinar los valores del perfil cineantropométrico de los buzos de la provincia de Matanzas, el somatotipo y secundariamente, comprender el desarrollo físico y constitucional. Métodos: La investigación es aplicada y descriptiva, de carácter transversal. De naturaleza cuantitativa. Los métodos seleccionados para cumplir con los objetivos propuestos en la investigación son los del nivel teórico (analítico - sintético, Inductivo - deductivo y el histórico- lógico) y a nivel empírico, la medición, que se utilizó para la determinación del somatotipo por el método antropométrico de Heath-Carter. Resultados: Lla muestra investigada presenta una edad de 40,29 años, 172,37 cm de estatura y un peso corporal de 83,47 kg, como valores promedios. El somatotipo predominante es el mesomorfo-endomórfico (representado por el 72 % de la muestra) por tener un predominio en la distribución músculo esquelético, seguido de la adiposidad relativa. De manera general, los análisis del índice de dispersión y de dispersión morfogenética media informan sobre la homogeneidad manifiesta en el grupo. Conclusiones: Los principales factores de riesgo sobre la base de los componentes primarios del somatotipo están asociados a la capa endomorfia, que pueden precipitar la muerte de los practicantes de la actividad subacuática investigada. Luego de ser identificados los factores de riesgo, se definieron las estrategias nutricionales que se derivaron de los componentes endomorfia y mesomorfia del somatotipo.

The aim of the study was to determine the anthropometric characteristics and body composition in young Chilean elite tennis players aged 14 to 16 years. It was a descriptive crosssectional study. A non-probability convenience sampling of 84 tennis players (58 males 15.5 ± 0.76 years old and 26 females, 15.3 ± 0.8 years old) was selected. Anthropometric variables of weight, height, sitting height, skin folds (biceps, triceps, subscapular, supraspinal, abdominal, anterior thigh and medial leg), perimeters (flexed arm, middle thigh and leg) and diameters (humerus and femur) were evaluated. Anthropometric analysis and calculations were performed to determine the body composition and somatotype of the participanting subjects. The results for males were, body weight 64.3 ± 7.94 kg, height 1.74 ± 0.08 m, percentage of fat 16.6 ± 4.1%, balanced mesomorph component. The females had a body weight of 49.8 ± 6.9 kg, height of 1.65 ± 0.03 m, percentage of fat 19.3 ± 4.8%, balanced ectomorph component. In general, both groups showed similar anthropometric and body composition characteristics as compared to other groups of young tennis players, with the exception of the somatotype in the case of the females. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Until recently, determining the anthropometric and body composition profile of athletes has been a fundamental tool for predicting sports performance and biomechanical behavior. For this study, 15 players form the Mexican Men's Volleyball Team, aged 26.4±4.73, were evaluated prior to the beginning of the XIV 2019 Pan- American Volleyball Cup, using the ISAK protocol. As well as the Carter & Heath equation to determine the anthropometric profile and somatotype, the percentage and Kg of fat, with the Durnin & Womersley equation, the De Rose and Gimares muscle mass, and bone tissue with the Rocha equation. The average weight was 85.45 kg (± 8.39), height 192.71 cm (±7.15); somatotype: endomorphic (2.3 ± 0.8), mesomorphic (4.0 ± 1.4), and ectomorphic (3.6 ± 1.5). The overage % GC was (3.6 ± 1.5). kg GC (11.2 ± 4.0), de % MM (43.8 ± 2.3) kg MM (37.3 ± 2.7), % TO (19.3 ± 1.8), kg TO (16.4 ± 1.2). It is concluded that the Mexican Men's Volleyball Team is within the competitive ranges of a larger international teams, in addition, and as international reference values, the Selection presents two somatotypes profile, endo-mesomorphic for defensive players and ecto-mesomorphic for offensive players, technically benefiting their performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Introduction: Introduction: the anthropometric characteristics of international stand-up paddle (SUP) boarders are relevant aspects when it comes to their performance. However, very little research has been carried out within this sport, almost none regarding the body composition and anthropometric characteristics of SUP practitioners. Therefore, the aim of this research will be to describe the anthropometric profile of international SUP boarders. Material and methods: a cross-sectional design in thirty-one international SUP boarders (34.2 ± 12.4 years). Height, body mass, 8 skinfolds, 2 bone diameters, and 5 perimeters were measured, and corrected perimeters were calculated by the same two level-2 internationally certified anthropometrists. Anthropometric measurements were taken following the International Society of Advancement of Kinanthropometry (ISAK) protocol. Body fat mass (FM) was calculated using Carter, Faulkner, Yuhasz, and Withers equations, whereas muscle mass (MM) was estimated using the Lee 2000 equation. Somatotype was calculated by applying the Heath and Carter equation. Bioimpedance (BIA) measurements were also recorded. Results: international SUP athletes had a body mass of 74.6 (6.6) kg, a body fat percentage of 7.6 % (2.1 %) (Carter), 11.3 % (3.5 %) (Faulkner), 7.6 % (2.1 %) (Yuhasz), and 9.0 % (3.6 %) (Whiters), and skinfold sums of 48.2 (20.6) mm for 6, and 57.8 (22.2) mm for 8 skinfolds. Muscle mass was 47.3 % (2.6 %) and somatotype was ecto-mesomorphic with values of 1.9 (0.9) for endomorphy, 5.4 (1.0) for mesomorphy, and 2.4 (0.9) for ectomorphy. BIA results for FM were 11.7 % (4.4 %), and for MM were 50.0 % (2.9 %). Conclusion: these results suggest that a low body fat percentage and high muscle mass are representative characteristics of international stand-up paddlers, as well as a balanced mesomorphic somatotype. According to these, a low skindfold sum and high arm muscle mass may represent key factors for performance in this sport because of their relation to acceleration and stroke force. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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El objetivo del presente trabajo fue caracterizar el somatotipo en una muestra de futbolistas universitarias de una institución del norte de México, de acuerdo a su posición en el terreno de juego y compararlo contra el somatotipo de un equipo homólogo latinoamericano. Participaron 19 jugadoras de futbol soccer pertenecientes al equipo representativo de una Universidad del norte de México en la temporada competitiva. Las jugadoras fueron clasificadas por su posición en el campo, en tres categorías: defensas, medias y delanteras. Se determinó el somatotipo a partir de 10 variables antropométricas de acuerdo al método Heath & Carter y se comparó con un referente de jugadoras universitarias campeonas en su país pertenecientes a la Pontificia Universidad de Valparaíso (PUCV). La categoría general de las jugadoras universitarias fue endomorfo – mesomorfico con un somatotipo 4.3-3.6-2.0, y con una distancia somatotipica (SAD) entre grupos mayor a una unidad del referente homologo. Las jugadoras evaluadas presentaron un somatotipo similar por posición de juego con un SAD menor a 1, las defensas y medias fueron endomorfo-mesomorfico, mientras que las delanteras endomorfo-mesomorfo. En el grupo evaluado no existieron diferencias significativas por posición de juego, por lo que se hubiera esperado diferencias por las exigencias dentro del terreno de juego. El componente de adiposidad relativa resultó dominante en la muestra evaluada respecto al referente utilizado en el presente estudio, lo que podría ser un factor que influya en el rendimiento deportivo. Abstract: The aim of the present study was to characterize the somatotype of a sample of university female soccer players from an institution in the north of Mexico according to their position on the field, and to compare them against the somatotype of a similar team from Latin America. A total of 19 soccer players from the university representative team participated in the study, developed during the competitive season. The players were classified in three categories based on their position on the field: defenses, midfielders, and forwards. Anthropometric somatotypes were determined using 10 variables according to the Heath & Carter method, and they were compared with those of athletes from the Pontifical University of Valparaíso (PUCV), who are champions in their country. The overall category of the players evaluated was mesomorphic endomorph with a 4.3-3.6-2.0 somatotype, with a difference bigger than 1 unit in the somatotype distance (SAD) with the PUCV reference team. The evaluated players have a similar somatotype according to their position, where SAD does not show bigger difference than 1. Defenses and midfielders presented mesomorphic-endomorph, whereas forwards mesomorph-endomorph somatotype. In the evaluated group, there were no significant differences by position on the field, which is unexpected considering the different requirements of the game per position. The relative adiposity component proved to be dominant in the players from our sample compared to the reference team, which could be a factor that influences sport performance.

The aim of the study was to describe the anthropometric characteristics and somatotype of the Chilean selected rowers. Twenty one 21 athletes (6 women and 15 men) with an average age of 18.66 ± 2.58 years for women and 22.06 ± 4.71 years for men were evaluated. The study was conducted prior to the Pan American qualification in Lima 2019. At the time of the evaluations, the athletes were concentrated in the Olympic Training Center (CEO) located in Curauma in the Valparaíso region of Chile. The anthropometric evaluations were carried out based on the restricted profile of 25 variables proposed by Kerr and Ross that allowed the fractionation of the body mass into 5 components (tissue: skin, residual, bone, adipose and muscle). The wingspan, the iliospinal height and the folds of the biceps and supracrestide were also measured; all measurements were based on the protocol of marking and evaluation proposed by ISAK. Carter and Heath method was used to calculate the somatotype, describing the components of endomorphy, mesomorphy and ectomorphy respectively. The results showed a percentage of fat in men of19.34 ± 1.59 % and in women of 27.08 ± 3.6 % (p = 0.003), the muscle mass of men was 52.69 ± 1.78 % and in women of 45.68 ± 4.19 % (p = 0.003), a balanced mesomorphic somatotype was observed in both men (1.7-5.3-2.2) and women (2.5-3, 7-2.7). It is concluded that the Chilean rowing selected have a high development of muscle mass and a low percentage of fat mass, in addition to a balanced mesomorphic somatotype. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The anthropometric and somatotype evaluation is an essential tool in the selection and control of high-performance athletes. The aim of this study was to describe the somatotype and body composition of male elite race walkers (20 k modality), and its relationship with athletic performance. Twenty-four race walkers participated in this study. The sample was divided into two groups: the race walkers with the best performance (upper 25 percentile; n=7) and the second group (n=17) that corresponds to the rest of the participants. Weight (kg), height (cm), seven skinfolds, two diameters and five perimeters were measured. Body fat percentage (BF%) were estimated with the Yuhasz formula, and the somatotype was used applying the Heath-Carter method. The best performing athletes were taller (178.3 ± 4.4 cm vs. 173.7 ± 5.6 cm, p <0.05) and showed a greater ectomorphic component (p<0.05) than the rest of the participants. The somatotype of the best performance athletes was 2.2-2.8-4.1 against the 2.5-3.8-2.9 of the lowest performing athletes. The average time (hours, minute, seconds) of execution of the race in athletes of better performances was 1:22:40, in comparison with the athletes of lower performances with 1:32:41 (p<0.02). The ectomorphic component and height are morphological characteristics that can determine athletic performance of race walkers. It is suggested to consider these factors in the selection of the race walkers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Comparative researches of athletes' anthropometric characteristics are undoubtedly of great importance in modern sport. But few researches deal with that issue, and the subject in question is examined on Kosovo athletes. The present research is conducted on a sample of 381 top athletes, divided into three groups, namely: 130 basketball, 133 handball, and 118 football players. The respondents were measured by their height, weight, breadth, girth and skin folds, whereas the following were indirectly calculated - body composition, somatotype components, and BMI index - aiming to establish their common morphologic characteristics and analyze the specific, i.e. the probable differences depending on the sport. Breadth and girth values were evaluated by ANCOVA and height and weight were used as co-variance factors. The other variables were evaluated by metric ANOVA. The research results indicate that football players are shorter and of less body weight compared to basketball and handball players. BMI of football players is statistically significantly lower compared to the handball players, whereas there is no difference in BMI between the football and basketball players. Handball players are shorter compared to the basketball players, and their BMI index is greater to the basketball and football players. Football players have greater relative transversal dimensions and girth, and lower values of all skin folds, and a lower percentage of fat component compared to the handball players. In football players dominates as a whole mesomorphic component, and their somatotype category is a balanced mesomorphy; with the handball players a mesomorphic type is obtained; whereas the basketball players have an ectomesomorphic body type. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]