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Market needs and demands are contingent upon continuous work on finding better, faster, more efficient and more economic systems of goods flow. The intention is to optimize the logistic processes along the supply chain in terms of achieving economic, temporal, spatial and environmental improvements. One of the possible methods to improve the efficiency of supply chains is the introduction of the cross-docking (CD) concept. The essence of the CD concept is reflected in the consolidation of goods flows into the CD terminals with little or no storage of goods. The objective is to achieve optimization of time, space and costs. This paper presents the role of the CD concept in logistics chains, description of the CD terminals, and then the advantages and disadvantages of their application. The primary objective of this paper is to present the role, advantages and disadvantages of implementing the CD concept in logistics chains

Hydrogen-blended natural gas transportation can effectively solve the problem of wind and photovoltaic energy curtailment and reduction of greenhouse gas emission, and realize the low-cost transportation of hydrogen in large scale, so it becomes an important way to achieve the "double carbon" goal. However, the risk of hydrogen embrittlement will be brought by blending hydrogen to the existing natural gas pipeline system and relevant transportation facilities. Therefore, the mechanism of hydrogen embrittlement was analyzed based on the structural composition of hydrogen-blended natural gas transportation system. Meanwhile, investigation was performed for the hydrogen embrittlement of the pipelines, welds, valves, compression devices, storage units and terminals of the hydrogen-blended natural gas transportation system. On this basis, countermeasures for prevention of hydrogen embrittlement were put forward. Then, the prospect and development of hydrogen-blended natural gas transportation system were forecast. Generally, the research results could provide reference for the large-scale and market-oriented development of hydrogen-blended natural gas transportation in China, and the improvement of research and development of pipeline hydrogen transportation technology and equipment, further accelerating the safe development of hydrogen economy.

Copyright of Revista Producao Online is the property of Associacao Brasileira de Engenharia de Producao and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The issues of energy development management of Germany at the present stage, in the near and long term are analyzed. The sources of fuel resources typical for the country's economy are considered taking into account many criteria. Considerable attention was paid to logistical issues, the construction of terminals for receiving reduced natural gas, which will make it possible to receive it from producers from many regions of the world. It is noted that in the future, as production expands and costs decrease, it is planned to use such terminals to receive hydrogen, one of the promising types of fuel supplied to the country by sea, which is the essence of the dual logistics model. A model for the development of the German energy sector is proposed. It is shown that in the future the leading role in providing the country with energy will be played by wind and solar power plants, which have economic and environmental advantages.

The article considers the current problem to build terminals for the import of liquefied natural gas (LNG). The paper demonstrates that projects considered in recent years have been hampered due to lack of investment and lack of demand. Due to the aggravation of the conflict in Ukraine and the desire to reduce energy dependence on natural gas supplies from Russia, these projects is necessary for Germany’s economy. We examine the criticism of the projects by environmental public organizations. The article analyzes the unprecedented speed of investment decisions in the energy infrastructure, the newly created framework conditions by the Law on accelerating the construction of LNG terminals. The article discusses that the German federal government assigns them a key role in ensuring the security of gas supplies. On the example of key locations: Brunsbüttel, Wilhelmshaven and Stade, we examine various options potential investors. We hypothesise that in the future, these projects open up Germany the possibility of global natural gas supplies without the use of pipelines and, thus, interaction with new market players. Simultaneously, although LNG volumes from terminals in neighboring European countries are also available to the German natural gas market. This paper proved that in detail the importance for ensuring the reliability of gas supply of planned domestic investments that do not depend solely on commercial benefits. Significant positive impact of gas infrastructure is only found in the context of hydrogen energy in the country.

To reduce carbon emissions, logistics companies take measures to achieve the climate neutrality target to reach "Green Logistics." As one of the valuable measures, gradually replacing present fossil fuel vehicles with electric vehicles for parcel delivery and linehaul transportation is scheduled at the terminals of logistics companies. The charging load of a fully electrified vehicle fleet challenges the terminal power system. The integrated optimization of sizing and energy management strategy is employed to design, model, optimize, and compare capacity expansion plans involving different combinations and various energy elements. These plans include upgrading the grid connection through the addition of a new transformer and incorporating renewable energy sources and/or energy storage sources. The evaluation encompasses both technical and economic considerations. The effects of different prices of electricity and components, energy management strategy, and uncertainty of power generation and load demand on the choice of optimal solutions, corresponding component sizes, and overall cost were compared and analyzed. The economic feasibility of upgrading the grid connection is demonstrated to be superior compared to utilizing energy storage sources. • The terminal electrification of a logistics company with an electric vehicle fleet • A techno-economic assessment of capacity expansion planning for the terminal • Optimal solutions with renewable energy, energy storage, and grid connection • Sensitivity and uncertainty analyses with prices, strategies, generation, and load • Specified electricity tariffs and policy support for electricity costs in Sweden [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The use of autonomous systems at wood processing sites of forest industries can significantly increase safety, productivity and efficiency by reducing the number of monotonous and dangerous tasks conducted by human labor utilizing heavy machinery. However, autonomous machine operation in mill yards is challenging because of the dynamic and complex working environment and partly unstructured processes. The inherent complexity of wood handling and storage tasks requires significant human expertise. Rapid advancements in sensor technologies and machine learning techniques, along with increases in available computational power have enabled progress in automated operation frameworks and algorithms development, which opens the door to the introduction of novel autonomous systems into this environment. With the aim of gaining a better understanding of current issues and facilitating optimal strategies for the deployment of high-level autonomous systems in mill yard environments, this study: (1) utilizes a systematic literature review to map current autonomous technologies and algorithms suitable for adoption by the forest industry in automation of vehicles working in mill yards; (2) summarizes and discusses the potential feasibility of the considered sensors, systems and adoption strategies, and considers implementation challenges for high-level autonomous machinery in mill yard environments; and (3) proposes a system framework that integrates multiple technologies to enable autonomous navigation and material handling in mill yards. The study is the first of its kind as a comprehensive study on autonomous vehicles and machinery in mill yard environments. Our novel framework aids in the identification of follow-up research areas and thus promotes the adoption and use of complex autonomous systems in industrial environments.

Researchers have investigated the impact of the Internet of Things on port performance in order to identify IoT applications and determine any changes that may be needed. Tangier Med Port will be able to compete better than its rivals, significantly improving its efficiency. A real-time tracking and monitoring application can be used to track vessels and containers in the first application. In addition to managing traffic or allocating priority and services to vessels moving through the port jurisdiction, information about vessels and containers can also be utilized to stack containers optimally at the port terminals. Thirdly, the Internet of Things facilitates the transition from manual to automated ports/terminals. Fourth, they can spend less time interacting with customers daily. Furthermore, the increased exchange of data will allow existing processes to be optimized. If all the likely threats can be dealt with, the aforementioned points above may have profound effects on the performance of Tangier Med Port, especially its efficiency in its principal activity, which is container activity. This development should be driven by all stakeholders of Tangier Med Port. When compared to its two main rivals, Algeciras and Valencia, Tanger Med can become the most attractive port if it encourages other parties to follow the development of the Internet of Things. Additionally, Port Tanger Med has a geographical advantage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The economy of Singapore is characterised by a stable political environment, favourable business conditions and very well-developed infrastructure attracting foreign direct investment, being the driving force of the economy. It is highly dependent on export, as well as on the dynamic sectors of transport, business and financial services. Singapore’s natural deep-sea ports and the geographical location at the crossroads of important shipping channels makes its trade a major economic sector, next to production and services. There are currently more than 5,000 maritime companies operating in Singapore, including over 130 international shipping groups, which constitute an important pillar for the international maritime transport hub. This article discusses Singapore’s economic situation by analysing the dynamic GDP growth over the years 1960– 2016 as well as other economic indicators achieved in 2004–2017, including the dynamics of foreign trade. This research covers the port’s ownership and organisational structure, and its terminals have been reviewed in terms of their location, infrastructure and functions by taking into account the new generation terminal of the port of Tuas, currently under development. Over the years, the port has seen a steady increase in revenue from transhipment, which is confirmed by the dynamics of the container volume growth over the years 1972–2017, the transhipment volume over the years 2007–2018 and the number of container ships calling at the port along with their total capacity over the years 2007–2017, as elaborated in the article.

The economy of Singapore is characterised by a stable political environment, favourable business conditions and very well-developed infrastructure attracting foreign direct investment, being the driving force of the economy. It is highly dependent on export, as well as on the dynamic sectors of transport, business and financial services. Singapore's natural deep-sea ports and the geographical location at the crossroads of important shipping channels makes its trade a major economic sector, next to production and services. There are currently more than 5,000 maritime companies operating in Singapore, including over 130 international shipping groups, which constitute an important pillar for the international maritime transport hub. This article discusses Singapore's economic situation by analysing the dynamic GDP growth over the years 1960-2016 as well as other economic indicators achieved in 2004-2017, including the dynamics of foreign trade. This research covers the port's ownership and organisational structure, and its terminals have been reviewed in terms of their location, infrastructure and functions by taking into account the new generation terminal of the port of Tuas, currently under development. Over the years, the port has seen a steady increase in revenue from transhipment, which is confirmed by the dynamics of the container volume growth over the years 1972-2017, the transhipment volume over the years 2007-2018 and the number of container ships calling at the port along with their total capacity over the years 2007-2017, as elaborated in the article. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cilegon is one of the National Activity Centre (PKN) in Banten Province. As PKN, Cilegon generate movement from out of town towards Cilegon, either using AKAP/AKDP buses and urban transportation from the place of origin. Many AKAP/AKDP bus passengers fell in the shadow of the terminal, while the urban transport passengers from the outside get into the city of Cilegon and drop off passengers . The number of outer urban transport operating in Cilegon Cilegon City area adds to congestion in Jalan Sultan and Jalan Ahmad Yani Ageng Tirtayasa , especially at rush hour. Therefor, the Government of Cilegon Municipality then implement the construction of SeruniTerminal, officially put into operation on April 1, 2013. With the expected Seruni terminal buses no longer drop off passengers at the terminal shadow, and urban transport outside the city of Cilegon not get into town. Positivistic approach and methods used in this study is a quantitative method , as well as some analysis used : (1) the analysis of the characteristics of SeruniTerminal, (2) analysis of traffic volume in Seruni Terminal, (3) analysis of urban transport route network in Cilegon, and (4) policy analysis for development of The Seruni Terminal, is expected to answer the research question, namely : " the role of Seruni Terminal in the urban transport system in Cilegon Municipality? "The results obtained from this study is the lack of Seruni Terminal has a role in urban transport systems in Cilegon. To enhance the role, it’s can be done with urban transport route A.01 Cilegon-Anyer and Merak-Cilegon M.01 directed toward Seruni Terminal, and/or the addition of a new trajectory Cilegon-JLS. Therefor, Seruni Terminal is expected to increase the role of the movement in serving urban communities in Cilegon.

The article describes the conditions of modern economic development and needs to improve innovation and investment activities of container carriers require orientation to modern methods of organization and management, the transition to more efficient models, optimizing the use of investment resources and improve the innovation activities of companies.

This paper gives basic information about Liquefied Natural Gas as a greener alternative to other fossil fuels. It focuses on basic properties of LNG, which are fundamental to understanding LNG correctly and then possibly use it as a fuel for ships, trucks, etc. Furthermore, it focuses on essential parts of a process chain of LNG transport, which is liquefaction, transport of LNG itself and regasification. Closer look is given to the usage of far less preferred alternative for transport, which is inland navigation.

In this paper we study terminal embeddings , in which one is given a finite metric ( X , d X ) (or a graph G = ( V , E ) ) and a subset K ⊆ X of its points are designated as terminals . The objective is to embed the metric into a normed space, while approximately preserving all distances among pairs that contain a terminal. We devise such embeddings in various settings, and conclude that even though we have to preserve ≈ | K | ⋅ | X | pairs, the distortion depends only on | K | , rather than on | X | . We also strengthen this notion, and consider embeddings that approximately preserve the distances between all pairs, but provide improved distortion for pairs containing a terminal. Surprisingly, we show that such embeddings exist in many settings, and have optimal distortion bounds both with respect to X × X and with respect to K × X . Moreover, our embeddings have implications to the areas of Approximation and Online Algorithms. In particular, [10] devised an O ˜ ( log ⁡ r ) -approximation algorithm for sparsest-cut instances with r demands. Building on their framework, we provide an O ˜ ( log ⁡ | K | ) - approximation for sparsest-cut instances in which each demand is incident on one of the vertices of K (aka, terminals). Since | K | ≤ r , our bound generalizes that of [10] . [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we present an approach to transmit data from the source to the destination through a minimal path (least-cost path) in a computer network of n nodes. The motivation behind our approach is to address the problem of finding a minimal path between the source and destination. From the work we have studied, we found that a Steiner tree with bounded Steiner vertices offers a good solution. A novel algorithm to construct a Steiner tree with vertices and bounded Steiner vertices is proposed in this paper. The algorithm finds a path from each source to each destination at a minimum cost and minimum number of Steiner vertices. We propose both the sequential and parallel versions. We also conducted a comparative study of sequential and parallel versions based on time complexity, which proved that parallel implementation is more efficient than sequential. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent times, the imminent lack of public IPv4 addresses has attracted the attention of both research community and industry. The cellular industry has decided to combat thisproblem by using IPv6 for all new terminals. However, thesuccess of 3G network deployment will depend on the services offered to end users. Currently, almost all services reside in the public IPv4 address space, making them inaccessible to users in IPv6 networks. Thus, an intermediate translation mechanism is required. Previous studies on network address translation methods have shown that REBEKAH-IP with Port Extension (RPX) supports all types of services that can be offered to IPv6 terminals from the public IPv4 based Internet, and provides excellent scalability. However, this method suffers from an ambiguity problem which may lead to call blocking. In this paper, we present an improvement to RPX scheme in which the side effect is removed and fully scalable system. Wefirstly show the expected number of public IPv4 addressesutilization to the DNS of RPX server. This utilization is computed in terms of the probability of socket open requests from mobile terminals, the probability of call blocking and the estimated number of mobile terminals at the network initialization phase. The mathematical model is also provided as a guideline to determine the range of public IPv4 addresses allocated to an RPX gateway in a cellular network. In addition, the results are presented through a set of simulations. However, we proposed theRPX scheme to use a simple round robin scheduling algorithm is sub-optimal in terms of call blocking probability and further propose to use a priority queue algorithm to improve the scalability. In addition, we present extensive simulation results on the practical scalability of RPX with different traffic compositions to provide a guideline of the expected scalability in large-scale networks such as 3G networks.

Copyright of Ciências Sociais em Perspectiva is the property of Revista Ciencias Sociais em Perspectiva and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The main European ports of the Northern Range facingstrong competition develop various strategies. Rotterdam andLe Havre, fast transit, Antwe1p, logistic activities with storage,Hamburg, hub for central and eastem Europe. These strategieswill be described in the paper.All of them are building new container terminals and usenew tools in technology of communications to increase trafficand to enable shipping lines to achieve their own strategies. Thenew equipments will also b.: analysed.In the last years, the competition is mainly on the links withthe hinterland. Major ports t1y to enlarge their hinterlands bytransshipment, railway con"idors, waterway connections andhighways. The importance of ports and inland intermodalnodes is growing.Nowadays, port competition in the Northern Range is locatednot only in the ports.

In the article not only the problems of multi-modal and inter-modal conveyances in Lithuania and the concept of transit and the transit system stimulating factors are analysed, but also the modelling of transit transport and the flows of the loads are given. The main part of the article comes to the analysis of resent situation of Lithuania. In this part the place of transport sector in the market of transit services is analysed and the transit profit for Lithuanian economy is evaluated. The conclusions and proposals are given at the end of the article.

Copper alloys are widely used in electrical circuits mainly due to their electrical conductivity. In electrical circuits, solder terminals are used to provide multiple electrical connections and swage type turret terminals are preferred owing to their high reliability under dynamic environments where the electrical systems are subjected to higher vibrations and line currents, as in the case of satellite launch vehicles. Owing to high machinability, free-cutting brass is preferred in the manufacture of such small sized terminals, which will be cold worked/swaged to the printed circuit boards. Improper selection of the composition of free-cutting brass can lead to cracking of the terminals, thereby affecting the reliability of the system. This paper describes cracking of turret terminals made of free cutting brass during swaging operation. The crack propagation tendency during cold working of brass turret terminals made from different compositions is studied through optical and scanning electron microscopy. Finally, composition for obtaining crack free terminals during swaging is suggested for applications involving cold swaging. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a methodology able to compare road and rail-road intermodal market areas that takes the network structures, the operation costs and the location of the rail-road terminals into account. A particular way to model rail-road transport on hub-and-spoke networks is outlined and illustrated on the trans-European networks. The market area of an optimal eight hubs network configuration is presented both for the p-hub median and the p-hub centre problem. This is followed by a discussion about the evolution of the market area according to the number and locations of the implemented hubs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the article not only the problems of multi-modal and inter-modal conveyances in Lithuania and the concept of transit and the transit system stimulating factors are analysed, but also the modelling of transit transport and the flows of the loads are given. The main part of the article comes to the analysis of resent situation of Lithuania. In this part the place of transport sector in the market of transit services is analysed and the transit profit for Lithuanian economy is evaluated. The conclusions and proposals are given at the end of the article. First Published Online: 19 Dec 2011

Tolerance is an important element of drug addiction and provides a model for understanding neuronal plasticity. The hypothalamic-neurohypophysial system (HNS) is an established preparation in which to study the actions of alcohol. Acute application of alcohol to the rat neurohypophysis potentiates large-conductance calcium-sensitive potassium channels (BK), contributing to inhibition of hormone secretion. A cultured HNS explant from adult rat was used to explore the molecular mechanisms of BK tolerance after prolonged alcohol exposure. Ethanol tolerance was intrinsic to the HNS and consisted of: (1) decreased BK potentiation by ethanol, complete within 12 min of exposure, and (2) decreased current density, which was not complete until 24 hr after exposure, indicating that the two components of tolerance represent distinct processes. Single-channel properties were not affected by chronic exposure, suggesting that decreased current density resulted from downregulation of functional channels in the membrane. Indeed, we observed decreased immunolabeling against the BK α-subunit on the surface of tolerant terminals. Analysis using confocal microscopy revealed a reduction of BK channel clustering, likely associated with the internalization of the channel. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A framework to analyze compact arrays for multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) is presented. Many handheld devices require very compact arrays. Small spacings between the antennas lead to mutual coupling, which decreases the efficiency of the antennas and therefor the signal-to-noise ratio and leads to correlated signals at the antennas. Both effects are completely taken into account in this framework; thus, it allows for a fair comparison of different antenna arrays for MIMO. It is distinguished between MIMO systems for multiplex transmission or pure beamforming, which have different requirements for the antennas. Different compact array configurations, which exploit spatial, polarization, and pattern diversity, are discussed and compared. For practical purposes, it is also shown how to connect this framework to standard path-based channel models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]