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In this paper, an adaptive synthesis using the particle swarm optimization (PSO) for implementations of resonator-coupled filters is proposed. The coupling matrix of in-band filtering response is achieved and optimized by the PSO-based synthesis. Meanwhile, the stopband coupling matrix of the filter is predicted based on the combination of extra resonant nodes representing stopband spurious and parasitic effect of input/output ports. In addition, an enhanced accurate prediction of filter performance is calculated by the proposed approach, considering the practical fabrication tolerance on filter design. To verify principles mentioned earlier, various resonator-coupled filters are implemented. The calculation, EM-simulation, and measurement of filters show good agreements in both passband and stopband. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In space communication environments, most studies in delay tolerant networks (DTNs) adopt experimental approaches and they have shown that the utilization efficiency of link bandwidth can be affected by changing packet sizes at the bundle layer and the convergence layer. However, the lack of theoretical work makes it difficult to find the optimal packet sizes in general scenarios. In this paper, we focus on this important issue by performing a theoretical analysis to solve the packet size optimization problems in both one-hop and multihop DTNs. As our analysis is based on the widely used DTN architecture with Bundle Protocol (BP) and Licklider Transmission Protocol (LTP), the theoretical results can be applied to any DTN scenario using this architecture. We formulate packet size optimization problems in DTNs as nonconvex optimization problems. Furthermore, a goodput enhancement algorithm (GEA) is also proposed to find the optimal packet sizes in order to maximize goodput in DTNs. We conduct numerical analysis as well as simulations to validate our theoretical analysis and study the factors that determine the optimal packet sizes for BP and LTP. Numerical results show that GEA achieves significant performance improvement compared with schemes where packet size optimization on BP and LTP is not jointly considered. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]