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BackgroundIn late December 2019, a pneumonia caused by SARS-CoV-2 was first reported in Wuhan and spread worldwide rapidly. Currently, no specific medicine is available to treat infection with COVID-19. ObjectiveThe aims of this study were to summarize the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 175 patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection who were hospitalized in Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University from January 1 to January 31, 2020, and to establish a tool to identify potential critical patients with COVID-19 and help clinical physicians prevent progression of this disease. MethodsIn this retrospective study, clinical characteristics of 175 confirmed COVID-19 cases were collected and analyzed. Univariate analysis and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression were used to select variables. Multivariate analysis was applied to identify independent risk factors in COVID-19 progression. We established a nomogram to evaluate the probability of progression of the condition of a patient with COVID-19 to severe within three weeks of disease onset. The nomogram was verified using calibration curves and receiver operating characteristic curves. ResultsA total of 18 variables were considered to be risk factors after the univariate regression analysis of the laboratory parameters (P

Fiber sheath interaction protein 1 (FSIP1) plays a crucial role in cancer development and occurrence, but its influence on gastric cancer is still unclear. In this study, differential mRNA analysis was performed by TCGA database for the Limma analysis algorithm, and the gene ontology, the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes, and the gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) were used for bioinformatics functional enrichment analysis. A gastric cancer cell model with FSIP1 mRNA knockdown was constructed by RNA interference. Cell counting kit-8 and transwell migration/invasion assay were performed to verify the cell function, and western blotting was employed to confirm the expression of target genes. The GSEA analysis revealed that FSIP1 was associated with epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). The high expression group also had a significant positive correlation with the markers of fibroblast in tumor microenvironment (TME). Western blotting showed that FSIP1 was generally upregulated in gastric cancer cell lines. FSIP1 mRNA knockdown cell lines inhibited gastric cells proliferation, migration, and metastasis in vitro, and the protein levels of EMT-related markers N-cadherin and vimentin were reduced. Our work proved that FSIP1 promoted EMT by regulating fibroblasts in the TME, thereby promoting the carcinogenic activity of cancer cells in proliferation, invasion, and migration. FSIP1 may take a role of the occurrence and could be a potential therapeutic target and offer a new insight into the underlying mechanism of gastric cancer.

Public transportation is a vital means to alleviate urban congestion. Despite substantial investments in public transit infrastructure in China, the development of urban public transportation has been unsatisfactory, with many city residents still favoring car travel. The extensive use of personal vehicles occupies limited road resources, thus exacerbating traffic congestion and environmental pollution. The built environment extensively influences residents' travel choices. Existing studies often describe the characteristics of the built environment from the perspective of the origin, destination, and public transit stops, lacking attention to the out-of-vehicle segments before and after using public transit; moreover, they mainly focus on the built environment faced by transit riders, without fully considering the alternative transit chains for car travelers. Accordingly, this study adopts a trip chain perspective. Combining resident travel surveys and streetscape data from the main urban area of Wuhan, and simulating travel paths using Baidu Maps, this study uses a random forest model to comprehensively analyze the impact of the built environment at the origin, destination, and out-of-vehicle segments on the choice between public transit and private vehicle. The results indicate the following: (1) The performance of the random forest model is superior to that of the traditional Logistic model, and it can reveal the nonlinear relationship between the built environment and travel behavior. At the same time, considering the out-of-vehicle environment also better understands the competitive environment between public transit and private vehicle, thereby improving the model's predictive ability. (2) the built environment is the main factor influencing the preference for public transit, and the out-of-vehicle environment's influence on travelers is no less than that of the built environment at the origin and destination. The preference for transit and built environment factors exhibit a nonlinear relationship, with some factors having different impacts at the origin and destination. Specifically, the population density, intersection density, and transit stop density at the origin and destination have very similar effects on the preference for transit, while the land use mix and job density differ. The proportion of roads and fences in the out-of-vehicle environment show a clear threshold effect, while the proportion of sidewalks and visible green index exhibit a saturation effect. (3) The mechanisms by which the built environment influences the choice of public transit and private vehicle can be summarized into three categories: elastic adjustment, limited support, and direct drive. These findings reveal the effective range of built environment factors in enhancing the attractiveness of transit, providing more rational and precise targeting for policy-making. This study addresses the issue of insufficient detail in the built environment in current research, incorporating the out-of-vehicle environment and alternative modes of travel into the analysis framework of transit preference, providing more intervenable built environment factors to enhance the attractiveness of transit, and offering insights for integrating nonlinear impact relationships into urban planning practice.

The standardized workflow of computer-aided static guided implant surgery includes preoperative examination, data acquisition, guide design, guide fabrication and surgery. Errors may occur at each step, leading to irreversible cumulative effects and thus impacting the accuracy of implant placement. However, clinicians tend to focus on factors causing errors in surgical operations, ignoring the possibility of irreversible errors in nonstandard guided surgery. Based on the clinical practice of domestic experts and research progress at home and abroad, this paper summarizes the sources of errors in guided implant surgery from the perspectives of preoperative inspection, data collection, guide designing and manufacturing and describes strategies to resolve errors so as to gain expert consensus. Consensus recommendation: 1. Preoperative considerations: the appropriate implant guide type should be selected according to the patient's oral condition before surgery, and a retaining screw-assisted support guide should be selected if necessary. 2. Data acquisition should be standardized as much as possible, including beam CT and extraoral scanning. CBCT performed with the patient’s head fixed and with a small field of view is recommended. For patients with metal prostheses inside the mouth, a registration marker guide should be used, and the ambient temperature and light of the external oral scanner should be reasonably controlled. 3. Optimization of computer-aided design: it is recommended to select a handle-guided planting system and a closed metal sleeve and to register images by overlapping markers. Properly designing the retaining screws, extending the support structure of the guide plate and increasing the length of the guide section are methods to feasibly reduce the incidence of surgical errors. 4. Improving computer-aided production: it is also crucial to set the best printing parameters according to different printing technologies and to choose the most appropriate postprocessing procedures.

Background In recent years, the incidence of Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia in children has continued to rise, with a corresponding increase in the number of severe Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia, attracting widespread attention from clinical physicians. Understanding the risk factors associated with severe Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia with the aim to determine the severity of the condition in affected children, prevent the occurrence of severe cases, and reduce sequelae has been a focal point in research. Although numerous studies have been conducted on the risk factors of severe Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia, variations in time and geographical regions of the studies necessitate a systematic review and analysis for a comprehensive understanding. Objective To systematically review the risk factors for severe Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia. Methods CNKI, Wanfang Data, VIP, CBM, Duxiu, Yiigle, Cochrane Library, PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Science Direct, and BioMed Central were searched for studies related to risk factors of severe Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia in children from inception to August 2023. Two investigators independently screened literature, extracted data, and assessed the bias risk of included studies. Meta-analysis was performed using Stata 14.0 and RevMan 5.4 software. Results A total of 22 retrospective case-control studies involving 4 531 childre were included. Meta-analysis showed that C-reactive protein (CRP) (OR=1.92, 95%CI=1.72-2.15, P

Abstract Background There are emerging clinical evidence for umbilical cord blood mononuclear cells (UCBMNCs) intervention to improve preterm complications. The first critical step in cell therapy is to obtain high-quality cells. This retrospective study aimed to investigate the quantity and quality of UCBMNCs from very preterm infants (VPIs) for the purpose of autologous cell therapy in prevention and treatment of preterm complications. Methods Very preterm infants (VPIs) born in Guangdong Women and Children Hospital from January 1, 2017, to December 8, 2022, from whom cord blood was successfully collected and separated for public or private banking, were enrolled. The UCBMNCs characters from route cord blood tests performed in cord blood bank, impact of perinatal factors on UCBMNCs, the relationship between UCBMNCs characteristics and preterm outcomes, and the correlation of UCBMNCs characteristics and peripheral blood cells in VPIs were analyzed. Results Totally, 89 VPIs underwent UCB collection and processing successfully. The median cell number post processing was 2.6 × 108. To infuse a dose of 5 × 107 cells/kg, only 3.4% of infants required a volume of more than 20 mL/kg, which exceeded the maximum safe volume limit for VPIs. However, when infusing 10 × 107 cells/kg, 25.8% of infants required a volume of more than 20 ml/kg volume. Antenatal glucocorticoids use and preeclampsia was associated with lower original UCBMNCs concentration. Both CD34+ hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) frequency and colony forming unit - granulocyte and macrophage (CFU-GM) number correlated negatively with gestational age (GA). UCBMNCs characters had no significant effect on preterm outcomes, whereas a significant positive correlation was observed between UCBMNCs concentration and total white blood cell, neutrophil, lymphocyte and PLT counts in peripheral blood. Conclusion UCBMNCs collected from VPIs was feasible for autologous cell therapy in improving preterm complications. Setting the infusion dose of 5 × 107 cells/kg guaranteed a safe infusion volume in more than 95% of the targeted infants. UCBMNCs characters did not affect preterm complications; however, the effect of UCBMNCs concentration on peripheral blood classification count should be considered when evaluating the immunomodulation of UCBMNCs transfusion.

Contamination of spoilage and pathogenic microorganisms in food substrates can negatively influence food quality and threaten food safety. The application of physicochemical antimicrobial strategies can effectively inhibit the growth and reproduction of harmful microorganisms, but may also cause irreversible negative effects on food quality. Some antagonistic yeasts alone or combined with antimicrobial agents can effectively control harmful microorganisms. This review systematically and comprehensively summarizes the existing literature on the antimicrobial effects and mechanisms of yeasts and their derivatives from the above two aspects. The sources, species and mechanism of action of antagonistic yeasts as well as their antimicrobial effects when combined with other antimicrobial technologies are discussed. Additionally, the advantages and limitations of yeast as a natural drug carrier combined with various chemical antimicrobial agents are analyzed. This review aims to provide a scientific reference for developing new yeast-based antimicrobial agents, which will be helpful in improving food quality and ensuring food microbial safety.

The surface of metal materials will be contaminated by marine organisms when serving in the marine environment, which seriously affects the service life of the materials, and must be cleaned regularly. The Hydroides fouling on the surface of 30Cr3 high-strength steel was taken as the object to be cleaned; the cleaning quality at different laser fluences was studied; the desorption behavior and the characteristics of spectral and acoustic signals during laser cleaning were analyzed; and the removal mechanism of Hydroides fouling on the surface of high-strength steel was summarized. The results show that the cleaning effect of nanosecond pulsed laser on Hydroides fouling increases with the increase of laser fluence, and the laser fluence of 9.95 J/cm2 can be used to clean the Hydroides fouling with the maximum diameter of 1.62 mm completely with little damage to the substrate. The removal mechanism of Hydroides fouling is the inverse bremsstrahlung mechanism. In the process of cleaning, the surface fouling is partially vaporized and ionized into high-temperature plasma under the action of pulsed laser. The laser energy is absorbed through inverse bremsstrahlung absorption to form shock waves to compress the surface, which leads to cracks on Hydroides fouling. When the surface compressive stress is released, the Hydroides fouling is removed from the surface, and the removal effect increases with the increase of laser fluence.

Hardware security is one of the most researched areas in the field of security. It focuses on discovering and understanding attacks and countermeasures for electronic hardware that provides the "root-of-trust" for modern computing systems upon which the software stack is built. The increasing reliance on electronic devices in our everyday life has also escalated the risks of experiencing security threats on these technologies. Students today are exposed to these devices and thus require a hands-on learning experience to be aware of the threats, solutions, and future research challenges in hardware security. Currently, there are limited opportunities for students to learn and understand hardware security. A significant factor limiting exposure to these topics is the lack of an accessible, low-cost, flexible, and ready-made platform for training students on the innards of a computing system and the spectrum of security issues/solutions at the hardware-level. In this paper, we introduce the motivation and efforts behind a course named "Hands-on Hardware Security." The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering at the University of Florida has been offering this course for the past three years in providing experiential learning of hardware security through a set of well-designed experiments performed on a custom hardware module. We also present, in detail, the idea of a custom-designed, easy-to-understand, flexible hardware module with fundamental building blocks that can emulate a computer system and create a network of connected devices. We refer to the module as "HaHa SEP" (Hardware Hacking Security Education Platform), and it encourages students to learn and exercise "ethical hacking," a critical concept in the hardware security field. It is the first and only known lab course offered online, where students can perform ethical hacking of a computing system using a dedicated hardware module. This paper also provides a brief introduction to the experiments performed using this module, highlighting their significance in the field of Hardware Security. Finally, it concludes with a compilation of course evaluation survey results discussing the success of this course in engaging students' interest in the subject matter and determining the accomplishment of maintaining a balance between their expectation and the effort required towards the course.

Objective To study the resistance of Helicobacter pylori(Hp) isolated from Peking University People's Hospital to commonly used antibiotics, in order to provide basis for clinical rational drug use. Methods The drug susceptibility test data of Hp strains isolated from gastric mucosal biopsy specimens of outpatients in the Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University People's Hospital from May 2011 to December 2021 were retrospectively collected. The drug resistance rate and dual/multiple drug resistance of Hp to amoxicillin, metronidazole, clarithromycin, levofloxacin and tetracycline were statistically analyzed. Results A total of 120 Hp strains isolated from 402 gastric mucosa specimens (120 patients) and cultured positive were included, with a culture positive rate of 29.85%. The resistance rates of Hp to metronidazole (75.0%) and clarithromycin (72.5%) were relatively high, while the resistance rates to levofloxacin (45.8%), amoxicillin (12.5%) and tetracycline (4.2%) were relatively low. The drug resistance of Hp to clarithromycin and amoxicillin was not significantly affected by the age of the patients. The drug resistance rate to metronidazole and levofloxacin increased with the age of the patients, and the drug resistance rate to tetracycline decreased with the age of the patients. The resistance rate of female patients to levofloxacin was higher than that of male patients (56.7% vs. 32.1%, P=0.007). Over time, the resistance rate of Hp to clarithromycin increased gradually, the resistance rate to levofloxacin increased first and then decreased, the resistance rate to metronidazole fluctuated and was high overall, and the resistance rate to amoxicillin and tetracycline was not significantly affected by time and was relatively low overall. No Hp strains resistant to all five kinds of antibiotics were found. Dual drug resistance rate was 25.0%, with the simultaneous resistance of metronidazole and clarithromycin being the most common (20.0%); multiple drug resistance rate was 44.2%, with the simultaneous resistance of metronidazole + clarithromycin + levofloxacin being the most common (32.5%). Conclusions The resistance rate of Hp strains isolated from Peking University People's Hospital to metronidazole, clarithromycin and levofloxacin is high, and multiple drug resistance is serious. When carrying out empirical Hp root therapy in clinic, the drug regimen should be reasonably selected, and drug sensitivity test should be conducted when necessary, so as to guide the formulation of treatment regimen.