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To address the most significant environmental challenges, the quest for high-performance gas sensing materials is crucial. Among numerous two-dimensional materials, this study investigates the gas-sensitive capabilities of monolayer As, Sb, and Bi materials. To compare the gas detection abilities of these three materials, we employ first-principles calculations to comprehensively study the adsorption behavior of NO and NO2 gas molecules on the material surfaces. The results indicate that monolayer Bi material exhibits reasonable adsorption distances, substantial adsorption energies, and significant charge transfer for both NO and NO2 gases. Therefore, among the materials studied, it demonstrates the best gas detection capability. Furthermore, monolayer As and Sb materials exhibit remarkably high capacities for adsorbing NO and NO2 gas molecules, firmly interacting with the gas molecules. Gas adsorption induces changes in the material's work function, suggesting the potential application of these two materials as catalysts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Alternating therapeutic plasma exchange with double plasma molecular adsorption system can rapidly remove bilirubin and ammonia and supplement the essential substance from the blood, which could be used as an effective treatment for fulminant hepatic failure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two mesoporous biochars AC-1 and AC-2 with similar chemical properties but different mesopore size distributions were prepared to study the effect of HNO modification on the lead(II) adsorption. AC-2 possesses higher mesopore volume and broader pore diameter than AC-1, while their surface area and micropore volume are similar. Adsorption experiments showed that AC-2 had far better removal efficiency, indicating the important role of mesopores played in the adsorption. HNO modification enhanced the adsorption capacity of lead AC-1 and AC-2 by 15 and 27 mg g, respectively. In particular, the removal rate of lead for AC-1 was improved from 46 to 99 % by HNO treatment at a low initial lead concentration of 10 mg L. Results of Boehm's titration demonstrated that the amounts of oxygenic acid groups of AC-1 and AC-2 increased to 2.456 and 2.705 mmol g after HNO treatment, respectively. Analyses of FTIR spectrum revealed that AC-2 was more likely to graft oxygen-containing acidic functional groups than AC-1, indicating that higher mesoporosity takes advantage of grafting more oxygenic functional groups, thus forming more active adsorption sites. The above results indicate that mesoporous biochars with wider pore width are more favorable to be introduced with oxygenic groups for enhanced lead removal efficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]