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Aquest estudi va provar quins factors latents existeixen que podrien afectar significativament l’avaluació d’acompliment basada en els ciutadans de l’Oficina de Serveis de Renovació de Veïnats (NRSO), que és una política que facilita la renovació urbana. Dos-cents residents d’àrees urbanes deteriorades (UDA) en els veïnats de Fallah i Yaftabad van ser entrevistatsmitjançant qüestionaris. Per analitzar els resultats dels qüestionaris, primer es va emprar una Anàlisi Factorial Explorador (EFA) per identificar els factors subjacents per a l’avaluació de la política esmentada i, posteriorment, la Regressió Logística Ordinal (OLR) per modelar els factors relacionats amb l’avaluació de l’ acompliment.Els residents que estaven més familiaritzats amb els plans i polítiques van avaluar l’acompliment de l’oficina de renovació de manera més positiva. A més, si les NRSO volen ser avaluades com més efectives en la seva intervenció, necessiten potenciar el factor socioeconòmic dela seva comunitat interactiva. El model OLR va mostrar que el sentit de lloc és un altre factor subjacent significatiu en aquest sentit. No obstant això, la durada de la residència malgrat convergir com a factor en l’EFA no va mostrar cap impacte significatiu segons el model OLR., This study tested which latent factors exist that could significantly impact the citizens-based performance assessment of the Neighborhood Renovation Service Office (NRSO) which is a renovation facilitating policy. Two hundred residents of Urban Deteriorated Areas (UDAs) inFallah & Yaftabad neighborhoods, were interviewed by questionnaires. To analyze the outcomes of the questionnaires, first, an Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) for identifying underlying factors for assessment of the mentioned policy and subsequently Ordinal Logistic Regression(OLR) for modeling the factors concerning performance assessment were employed.The residents who had more familiarity with the plans and policies evaluated the renovation office performance more positively. Also if NRSOs want to be assessed as more effective in their intervention they need to empower their interacting community’s socioeconomic factor.The OLR model showed that the sense of place is another significant underlying factor in this regard. However, residency duration despite converging as a factor in EFA did not show any significant impact based on the OLR model., Este estudio probó qué factores latentes existen que podrían afectar significativamente la evaluación de desempeño basada en los ciudadanos de la Oficina de Servicios de Renovación de Vecindarios (NRSO), que es una política que facilita la renovación urbana. Doscientos residentes de áreas urbanas deterioradas (UDA) en los vecindarios de Fallah y Yaftabad fueronentrevistados mediante cuestionarios. Para analizar los resultados de los cuestionarios, primero se empleó un Análisis Factorial Exploratorio (EFA) para identificar los factores subyacentes para la evaluación de la política mencionada y, posteriormente, la Regresión Logística Ordinal (OLR) para modelar los factores relacionados con la evaluación del desempeño.Los residentes que estaban más familiarizados con los planes y políticas evaluaron el desempeño de la oficina de renovación de manera más positiva. Además, si las NRSO quieren ser evaluadas como más efectivas en su intervención, necesitan potenciar el factor socioeconómico de su comunidad interactiva. El modelo OLR mostró que el sentido de lugar esotro factor subyacente significativo en este sentido. Sin embargo, la duración de la residencia a pesar de converger como factor en la EFA no mostró ningún impacto significativo según el modelo OLR.

The aim of this paper is to discuss the limits of the intersemiotic perspective in favour of intermedial and performative approaches. The concept of intersemiotic translation focuses on the meaning transferred from one sign system to another. Consequently, sign systems are considered largely in regard to the significant power of their semantic, syntactic and structural devices. However, contemporary art and communication often take advantage of the materiality of signs. This quality, along with the problem of mediation, becomes crucial when sign systems are considered as media. That is why intermedial studies offer a more adequate approach to a wide range of modern communicative strategies. The problem should be examined on base of some examples from concrete poetry: a paradigmatic intermedial art form which exposes the materiality of language in two medial shapes – as the written medium and as the oral medium, suggested by the written form, performed live or recorded and processed by means of studio techniques. The latter is strongly connected to the aesthetics of the performative which has been a new principle of modern art, according to Erika Fischer-Lichte. Its aim is not to generate and convey meanings, but to create phenomena to be received as they are. The scrutiny of such phenomena goes far beyond semiotic analysis, taking medial and performative aspects into consideration.

Various forms of street art, such as murals, anamorphic painting or urban interventions, become an important component of urban space. The paper examines examples of selected works of urban art in the context of space and its reception. These unexpected “events” entertain and educate. They become, on the one hand, a tourist attraction, and on the other hand, a major voice in the debate on the public nature of visual urban sphere. Although ephemeral and inconspicuous, usually reluctantly accepted by architects and urban planners, they successfully urge viewers to reflect on space and its existing functions.

In this article I will analyze three satirical stories written by Edgar A. Poe, Ambrose Bierce and Mark Twain. The common denominator of them is the presence of dogs and their eccentric subject matter and controversial narrative strategies have for many decades been treated as a major offense against the standards of literary taste. A closer analysis of such thoughtprovoking and critically underrated tales as “Toby Dammit,” “Oil of Dog” or “A Dog’s Tale” makes it evident that their powerful effect is possible thanks to transgression and subversion of generic expectations and aesthetic norms as well as social, political and religious issues that dominated the public discourse in the nineteenth-century United States. Furthermore, what might be perceived as a temporary rebellion or a mere irregularity in the literary oeuvre of three unquestionably canonical nineteenth-century writers is, in fact, a conscious, if risky, attempt on the part of Poe, Twain and Bierce to offer meaningful diagnoses of a society whose values and behaviours appear to be even more disgusting and irrational than the bizarre and often highly disturbing plotlines and extreme experiences in the fictitious worlds they created. Udostępnienie publikacji Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego finansowane w ramach projektu „Doskonałość naukowa kluczem do doskonałości kształcenia”. Projekt realizowany jest ze środków Europejskiego Funduszu Społecznego w ramach Programu Operacyjnego Wiedza Edukacja Rozwój; nr umowy: POWER.03.05.00-00-Z092/17-00.