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Industrial process heat decarbonization through electrification could contribute significantly to climate change mitigation efforts. In the US industry, thermal processes accounted for more than two-thirds of the total final energy demand in 2021. Cross-cutting electrification technologies like industrial heat pumps are suitable for the process heat supply to several industrial unit operations in a sustainable way while also improving overall energy efficiency. This study employs a bottom-up approach to investigate the techno-enviro-economic potentials of deploying high-temperature and steam-generating heat pumps in US textile, pulp and paper, and automotive sectors in different timeframes. The results show that the annual technical potential energy and CO2 savings by electrifying heat supply are 310 PJ (or 36% of the projected energy demand) and 28 MtCO2 (or 71% of the projected CO2 emissions) in 2050 respectively, however, these incur additional costs in each sector (ranging between 5 and 18 $/GJ). The required heating capacity of industrial heat pumps is estimated at 15 GW, which translates roughly into a market of over 6000 heat pump units and an investment volume of $7 billion in the studied processes. Although there may be individual cost-effective opportunities for electrifying heat supply in specific industrial sites, the overall costs are estimated to be high in the three industrial sectors due to the large disparity between electricity and natural gas prices and low heat source temperatures. To overcome the identified techno-economic barriers, comprehensive action plans for different stakeholders are also given. This study provides novel insights that should inform policymakers’ and executives’ decisions about the electrification of the current and future US industrial heat supply in relevant industrial sectors.

The growing cost of traditional stabilizing agents and the need for the economical utilization of industrial and agricultural wastes for beneficial engineering purposes has prompted an investigation into the stabilizing potential of Rice Husk Ash in subgrde soil. These Large Quantities of Waste Materials Rice Husk Ash e.g. create negative impact on the environment causing air pollution, water pollution, affecting the local eco system and hence safe disposal of this waste material is required. Utilizing these waste materials as alternative materials for the construction is no doubt a best solution. Aashish Gautam | Pratiksha Malviya "Review Paper on Study on Properties of Black Cotton Soil using Rice Husk Ash" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-2 | Issue-6 , October 2018, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd18918.pdf

The European Large Geotechnical Institutes Platform (ELGIP) is a group of 14 European research organizations, leading in geotechnical engineering, which aims to promote internationally the profession, its network and its societal relevance. One ELGIP vision is that all transport infrastructure should aim for an optimal geotechnical design. The present paper shows the relationship between the pressing challenges on European transport infrastructures and the crucial role that geotechnical engineering plays in solving them, emphasising the need for improved knowledge and understanding of ground properties in transport infrastructure.

This paper presents an extended briefing of the recently published UK-Robotics and autonomous systems (RAS) network Whie Paper in RAS for resilient infrastructure. It aims at setting out a vision of what RAS systems will be able to deliver in infrastructure, what are the current barriers and challenges to achieve that vision and what can the UK Government do to ensure that the UK remains at the forefront in this field.

There has always been a need for recyclable materials in the construction industry. Taking this fact into consideration anexploration using paper tubes and medium density fiber-board (M.D.F) as construction materials was ventured. In order tounderstand these materials, a temporary space frame was made. The paper describes in detail the entire process of making thespace frame. Issues related to shape and size of the structure, connection detail and its material, wind forces etc., which occurfrequently during the making of such structures are discussed in depth. At last the strengths, weaknesses, and scope of papertubes as a building construction material in coming future have been discussed.

Soil is basic and important element in Civil Engineering field. Stability of every structure depends on the type and characteristics of foundation which in turn depends on the type of soil. Many problems irrupt if expansive soil, Natural soil is to be used in foundation, because of its shrinkage and swelling properties. There are many methods to make natural soil stable for various constructions. Natural soil is comfortable for road work, compared to other types of soil. There are two ways to enhance the quality of sub grade soil "Replacement of soil" or "Soil stabilization". Soil stabilization can be done chemically or mechanically. Chemical stabilization is carried out by adding different chemicals in suitable proportion, while Mechanical stabilization is achieved by addition of admixtures which helps to improve the properties of soil. Wankhade Ashutosh Purushottam | Pratiksha Malviya "Review Paper on Study on Properties of Black Cotton Soil using Stone Dust and Sisal Fiber" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-2 , February 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd23537.pdf

The Deliverable 6.6 with the title “7 conference papers”, is part of WP6 “Dissemination and Exploitation” of Athena project with a basic aim to knowledge sharing, network development and exposure to an international environment. Three conference attendances were foreseen (e.g. CAA; SPIE; EARSeL) within the project duration whereas more than 30 posters and oral presentations were presented during the project in the conferences such as: SPIE 2016, SPIE 2018, EUROMED 2016, EUROMED 2018, EGU 2016, EGU 2017, EGU 2018, RSCy2016, RSCy 2017, RSCy 2018, etc.

In this paper, we first outline the Thales EC-supported project INVENVORG, which investigates the effects of the environmental factors on non-treated organic materials, namely bone, woolen textile, parchment, paper and wood. The project planning includes an accelerated ageing study (with exposure to elevated temperatures and relative humidities, light and pollutants) and then a natural ageing study in monitored museums environments, followed by the statistical correlation analysis of the material properties after accelerated and natural ageing with the environmental stresses, in order to determine the real life relative contribution of the various environmental parameters to material ageing. After a literature review concerning the exhaustive research on the accelerated ageing of paper, the experimental design pertaining to paper is presented. Accelerated ageing will be used for the production of artificially aged samples that emulate aged paper in a controlled manner. A preliminary ageing experiment will help determine the most suitable conditions, and will provide data that will be correlated to those produced by natural ageing. Virgin and artificially aged samples will then be exposed for 2 years to closely monitored museums environments. Tearing strength, degree of polymerization determined by viscometry, pH and the color coordinates of the CIEL*a*b* colour system will be determined and used for the statistical analysis.

The plain cement concrete has very low tensile strength, restricted pliability, and little protection from breaking. Inward miniaturized scale breaks are innately present in the concrete and its poor rigidity is because of the proliferation of such small cracks, in the long run prompting fragile disappointment of the concrete. The most generally acknowledged solution for this flexural shortcoming of cement is the regular fortification with high quality steel. Regardless of the way that these procedures offer flexibility to people, they however dont grow the trademark unbending nature of solid itself. In like manner the help putting and profitable compaction of RCC is amazingly troublesome if the solid is of low workability especially by virtue of overpowering solid M 25 . In plain concrete and near feeble materials, assistant parts scaled down scale breaks become even before stacking, particularly on account of drying shrinkage or distinctive purposes behind volume change. The width of these breaks on occasion outperforms a few microns, yet their two estimations may be of higher enormity. Whenever stacked, the miniaturized scale airs out proliferate and up, and attributable to the impacts of pressure fixation, extra breaks frame in spots of minor deformities. The auxiliary splits continue gradually. The advancement of such miniaturized micro crack is the primary driver of inelastic twisting in concrete. It has been perceived that the expansion of little, firmly divided and consistently scattered strands to cement would go about as break arrester and would considerably enhance its static and dynamic properties. This sort of cement is known as fibre reinforces concrete. Hitesh Malviya | Pratiksha Malviya "Review Paper on Properties of Properties of Concrete using Steel Fiber Waste" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-3 , April 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd22858.pdf

This study evaluates the effect of treated and untreated jute fiber/eggshell particulate reinforced cement-paper matrix composites for ceiling board application. Treated jute fiber (TJF) was obtained by immersing untreated jute fiber (UJF) into 1.25 M sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution in a shaker water bath maintained at 40 °C for 4 h. Eggshells (ESP) were pulverized and sieved to -75μm. Samples were prepared by varying the fiber volume fraction from 0.5 to 2.5 wt.% in the composites. While other constituents such as the binder (cement) and eggshell were kept constant. An hydraulic press cold compaction molder was utilized in the production of the hybrid composites in a predetermined mix ratio designed based on previous research. The samples produced were cured for 7 and 14 days, then sundried for 36 h. The physical, thermal, mechanical and wear behaviour of the produced composites were evaluated while the surface morphology of the fractured splitting tensile samples were analyzed. The result reveals that TJF/ESP hybrid composites had better performance than UJF/ESP hybrid composites in most of the tests carried out. Increase in the number of curing days was found to also enhance the properties of the composite produced in majority of the test evaluated. The 0.5 wt.% UJF/ESP gave the least performance of all the composites developed. While 2.5 wt. % TJF/ESP showed an optimum properties among the composites tested. When compared with standard, it is concluded that the hybrid composites developed can be suitable for ceiling boards and also find possible application in wall partitioning., Civil engineering; Mechanical engineering; Materials Science; Construction Engineering; Concrete Technology; Materials Application; Materials Characterization; Materials Processing; Materials Safety; Materials Synthesis; Hybrid composites; Untreated jute fiber (UJF); Treated jute fiber (TJF); Eggshell (ESP); thermal; mechanical and wear behaviour

The above referenced paper has been removed from publication. (April 21, 2020) Copyright © 2020 by ASME

Soil is the indispensable element of this nature. It is attached to everyone in one or another way. All the basic amenities of life, whether it is concerned with food, clothes and house, have been fulfilled by the soil .Without the soil it is just next to impossible to think about life on this earth. The word "soil is derived from the Latin word solium which according to Webster's dictionary means the upper layer of the earth that may be dug or plowed specifically, the loose surface material of earth in which plant grows. The term soil in soil engineering is defined as an unconsolidated material, composed of solid particles produced by disintegration of rocks. The voids space between particles may contain air, water or both. The solid particles may contain organic matter. The soil particles maybe separated by such mechanical means as agitation and water. Soil deposits in nature exist in an extremely erratic manner producing thereby an infinite variety of possible combination which will affect the strength of the soil and the procedures to make it purposeful. So is the particular case of black cotton soil with a wide range of challenges associated with the construction at sites with black cotton soil. In case of coarse grained soil, the mineralogical composition of the grain hardly affects the engineering properties of the soils perhaps the grain to grain friction is influenced Is such soils, inter particle forces other than those due to gravity are of no consequence, but the finer particles, the more significant becomes the forces associated with the surface area of the grains. Manish Saxena | Dileep Suravansi | Nitesh Kushwaha "Review Paper on Properties of Black Cotton Soil using Marble Dust with Banana Fiber" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-5 , August 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd29216.pdf

The most generally acknowledged solution for this flexural shortcoming of cement is the regular fortification with high quality steel. Regardless of the way that these procedures offer flexibility to people, they however dont grow the trademark unbending nature of solid itself. In like manner the help putting and profitable compaction of RCC is amazingly troublesome if the solid is of low workability especially by virtue of overpowering solid M 25 . In plain concrete and near feeble materials, assistant parts scaled down scale breaks become even before stacking, particularly on account of drying shrinkage or distinctive purposes behind volume change. The width of these breaks on occasion outperforms a few microns, yet their two estimations may be of higher enormity. Mithilesh Kumar Singh | Nitesh Kushwah "A Review Paper on use of Plastic Bottel Fibres and Foundry Sand as Partial Replacement of Aggregate in Concrete" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-5 , August 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd29312.pdf

Stone Matrix Asphalt SMA is a gap graded mixture, have a better stone to stone contact which gives better strength to the mixture.In this examination work total utilized according to the MORTH determination which was taken from an equivalent part. The examples are made with total with various degree, filler concrete and fastener bitumen 60 70 . Strands are utilized as stabilizer and are utilized to diminish the channel down and to expand the quality and dependability of the SMA Blend. The trial of the SMA Blend tests is done in Marshall Mechanical assembly. Here the correlation of SMA Blend with and without Sisal Fiber was finished. Umashankar Yadav | Nitesh Kushwah "A Review Paper on Stone Matrix Asphalt Mixed Partial Replacement of Coarse Aggregate by Scrap Rubber Witht Sisal Fiber" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-5 , August 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd29311.pdf

Concrete is commonly used construction material due to its ease of availability, mouldability, rigidity and durability. It generally consists of binding material, fine aggregate, coarse aggregate and required quantity of water, where sand is normally used as fine aggregate. Due to rapid growth of construction activity, the available sources of natural sand are getting exhausted. Hence conservation of natural resources is great challenge for civil engineers since construction activities cannot be diminished as it is intimate able. The only way is to search an alternatives material which can fully or partially replaced naturally available material in construction. Stone dust is such an alternative material which can be effectively being used in construction as partial replacement of natural sand. This is a waste product obtained from aggregate crushing plant. Stone dust is well appropriate in terms of strength and economy over normal sand for medium grade concrete. Ankit Dubey | Manawer Ali "Review Paper on Material by Partial Replacement of Fine Aggregate with Stone Dust in Interlocking Paver Block" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-5 , August 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd29218.pdf

Soil adjustment or alteration alludes to the change of the dirt physically or synthetically by utilizing different strategies including mechanical compaction and the utilization of different calcium rich chemicals. The choice of appropriate adjustment strategy relies upon the dirt kind and its condition. Mechanical adjustment is most appropriate for coarse grained soils or totals at ideal or beneath ideal dampness substance. In any case, clayey soils are more viable under compound adjustment. On the off chance that the clayey soil is blended with the particular stabilizer sufficiently only to make it workable, better in surface and similarity notwithstanding the quality and strength, at that point it is alluded to as alteration Indiana DOT, 2002 adjustment is limited to the dirt having AASTHO assignment A 4, A 5, A 6 and A 7 Oklahoma DOT, 2009 . Then again, adjustment alludes to the choice of the stabilizer keeping in mind the end goal to accomplish certain objective quality firmness esteems notwithstanding alteration. Adjustment is fundamental in the event that we are managing development of sub base in asphalts and making working stage for development reason. Sujeet Kumar Tiwari | Nitesh Kushwaha "A Review Paper on Strengthening of Sub Grade Pavement by RBI Grade-81 for Flexible Pavement" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-5 , August 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd29217.pdf

Earthquakes occur when energy stored in elastically strained rocks is suddenly released. This release of energy causes severe ground shaking in the areas near the source of the earthquake and sends wave of elastic energy called seismic waves throughout the earth. When an earthquake occurs, the elastic energy is released and it sends the vibration that travels throughout the earth. These vibrations are also called seismic waves. Multi storey building frames on sloping ground will be coming up in large number in future times. Thus realistic analysis of these building frames on sloping ground is of paramount importance. Due to site conditions, buildings on hill slopes have unequal column heights which results in variation of column stiffness. Akanksha Deshmukh | Pratiksha Malviya "A Review Paper Study on Tall Structure for Hilly and Plane Surface under Seismic & Wind Load Conditions" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-5 , August 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd25287.pdf

The value of concrete in present society cannot be underestimated. We can see concrete structures everywhere, such as buildings, roads, bridges, and dams. There is no escaping the impact concrete makes on your everyday life. Concrete is a composite material which is made up of filler and a binder. Typical concrete is a mixture of fine aggregate sand , coarse aggregate rock , cement, and water. Cement and lime are usually used as binding materials, while the sand binder is mixed as fine aggregates and crushed stones, gravel, broken bricks clinker is employed as coarse aggregates. The concrete having cement, sand and coarse aggregates mix up in an appropriate percentage in addition to water is called cement concrete. In this kind of concrete, cement is used as a binding substance, sand as fine aggregates and gravel, crushed stones as coarse aggregates. Agnimesh Singh Tomar | Pratiksha Malviya "Review Paper on Properties of Concrete of by Partial Replacement of Sand and Cement with Copper Slag and Rice Ask Ash" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-2 , February 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd23538.pdf

The aim of this study is to identify the 100 most cited papers and their characteristics in the field of Construction and Demolition Waste (CDW) management, which were published in the Web of Knowledge database of the Institute for Science Information (ISI) from the period of 2000 until 28 February 2016. Citation analysis is the identification of literatures from peer-reviewed scholarly community, which is the most common approach in identifying major works. To date, this study is the first of its kind to cite studies related to CDW. This study was carried out by utilizing the Web of Science from the ISI for the most cited studies in each of the related journals in the area of CDW from the Journal Citation Report (JCR). The Cited Reference search tool of the ISI Web of Science database was utilized to analyse the chosen journals and the information was collected from the papers as follows: the type of study as well as the methodology, names and the number of authors and journal names and publication year. The findings from this analysis reveal that the number of citations in the 100 selected articles varies from 8 to 108; these articles have been published in 26 peer-reviewed journals under the classification of CDW. The frequency of citations does not represent the quality of the study; nevertheless, this study provides several guidelines in addressing the topics and authors who have contributed significantly to the body of knowledge in the area of CDW management.

Scientific publishing is experiencing unprecedented growth in terms of outputs across all fields. Inevitably this creates pressure throughout the system on a number of entities. One key element is represented by peer-reviewers, whose demand increases at an even higher pace than that of publications, since more than one reviewer per paper is needed and not all papers that get reviewed get published. The relatively recent Publons platform allows for unprecedented insight into the usual ‘blindness’ of the peer-review system. At a time where the world’s top peer-reviewers are announced and celebrated, we have taken a step back in order to attempt a partial mapping of their profiles to identify trends and key dimensions of this community of ‘super-reviewers’. This commentary focuses necessarily on a limited sample due to manual processing of data, which needs to be done within a single day for the type of information we seek. In investigating the numbers of performed reviews vs. academic citations, our analysis suggests that most reviews are carried out by relatively inexperienced academics. For some of these early career academics, peer-reviewing seems to be the only activity they engage with, given the high number of reviews performed (e.g., three manuscripts per day) and the lack of outputs (zero academic papers and citations in some cases). Additionally, the world’s top researchers (i.e., highly-cited researchers) are understandably busy with research activities and therefore far less active in peer-reviewing. Lastly, there seems to be an uneven distribution at a national level between scientific outputs (e.g., publications) and reviews performed. Our analysis contributes to the ongoing global discourse on the health of scientific peer-review, and it raises some important questions for further discussion.