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Widespread utilization of plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs) would incur more uncertainties, and thus challenge the traditional planning strategies for distribution systems. In this paper, a scenario-based comprehensive expansion planning (SCEP) approach for distribution systems is presented to cope with future uncertainties. This approach can not only take into account the initial investment and operation costs but also consider the expected adaptation cost to other future scenarios, and in this way the flexibility of an initial planning scheme can be achieved. Future scenarios are identified in line with three uncertainties, namely the conventional load levels, penetration levels of PEVs and whether or not with successful implementation of a coordinated charging strategy. The charging profile for dump charging mode has been determined straightforwardly, while that for coordinated charging mode is obtained by solving the proposed day-ahead dispatching model (DDM). Furthermore, a priority-based real time dispatching strategy (PRTDS) is proposed to obtain direct charging instructions for PEVs, and thus to demonstrate the rationality of utilizing the charging profile acquired from DDM in distribution system expansion planning (DSEP). Finally, the performance of the proposed methodology is demonstrated by numerical studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A flood of alarm messages in an automatic digital substation makes the monitoring task a significant challenge for the operators in a remote control center, especially under fault scenarios. An online intelligent alarm-processing system is developed based on the architecture of the digital substation. First, real-time alarms are classified according to the IEC 61850 standard in order to provide synthesized and organized alarms for the alarm-processing procedure in the next step. Then, a new and systematic alarm-processing approach for digital substations is developed. Two modules (i.e., the generation of candidate hypotheses and the truth evaluation for the hypotheses) are included in the developed approach, and these two modules are operating in parallel in online implementation. This approach could not only determine the fault/disturbance cause but also the missing or false alarms as well as the causes of the false alarms. According to actual application requirements, an online intelligent alarm-processing system is developed and applied in the Xingguo substation—the first digital substation in Jiangxi Province, China. Finally, an actual alarm-processing scenario serves to demonstrate the presented alarm-processing method as well as the developed software system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]