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The Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1996 enshrines the right of all citizens to an environment that is not detrimental to their health and well-being. Furthermore, the Constitution places an obligation on the South African government to protect this right through reasonable legislative and other measures. Climate change threatens the environmental right which everyone is entitled to and South Africa has been experiencing the effects caused by changes in the climatic conditions. Therefore, one of the actions adopted by South Africa, to protect the environment as stipulated in Section 24(b) of the Constitution, was the National Climate Change Response White Paper, 2011 (NCCR-WP). The Department of Environment, Forestry and Fisheries (DEFF), formerly known as the Department of Environmental Affairs (DEA) is the facilitating department whose role is to ensure the successful implementation of the NCCR-WP. A qualitative research approach in terms of a document analysis was used to acquire rich and detailed information for the research. The article examines the state of climate change in South Africa, the role of the NCCR-WP as one of South Africa's climate change responses including the two primary objectives of the NCCR-WP, namely: climate change mitigation and climate change adaptation and the mitigation strategies outlined in the NCCR-WP. It discusses the DEFF's implementation of the NCCRWP as well as the factors that negatively influence the implementation of the NCCR-WP. The article also provides recommendations that may improve the overall implementation of the NCCR-WP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Digital de Derecho Administrativo is the property of Universidad Externado de Colombia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The paper discusses ecological grief as a particular affective phenomenon. First, it offers an overview of several philosophical accounts of grief, acknowledging the heterogeneity and complexity of the experience that responds to particular personal points of importance, concern and one's identity; the loss triggering grief represents a blow to these. I then argue that ecological grief is equally varied and personal: responding to what the grieving person understands as a loss severe enough to present intelligibly a degradation of her life and the world, to their meaningfulness or even sustainability. More specifically, both personal and ecological grief may manifest in an eroded sense of the future as a space in which one would invest oneself with plans, projects, ideas, desires, and endeavours. On the other hand, personal grief is, in some cases, conceptualised as having embedded the inherent possibility to come to closure or "move on" (e.g., by marrying again), while with ecological grief, the intelligibility of overcoming (replacing) the loss may be, depending on its scale, severely limited. I argue that this erosion of the future need not take the shape of paralysing sadness but rather of a disruption of taking some options of projecting oneself into the future seriously or as real. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Foro Revista de Derecho is the property of Universidad Andina Simon Bolivar, Sede Ecuador and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Zbornik Radova Pravnog Fakulteta u Nisu is the property of Law Faculty in Nis and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This research explores the penal protections embedded within the legal framework for waste management, with a specific focus on the management of electrical and electronic waste (e-waste). The article aims to describe the legal and factual facts of acts constituting environmental crimes and their compatibility with the provisions of the Framework Law on Waste Management No. 16 of 2020 in Jordan. In addition to explaining the guidelines for the environmentally sound management of e-waste equipment from information technology. The paper also identifies the problems faced by Jordanian legislators in implementing the strategy for the sound management of electrical and electronic equipment wastes through a special system for the management of electrical and electronic wastes. Provisions on penal liability for damages should be added with the status of judicial officer of the Ministry of Environment to ensure that the law is enforced in a manner conducive to the rule of environmental law, and adding urgency to environmental issues, particularly those related to hazardous wastes, and dealing with them quickly. It aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of penal protection in waste management, with particular emphasis on electrical and electronic waste. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mining and quarrying were important economic activities in Europe in past centuries, but during the 20th century, raw materials became vital to societal development. Mining has been subject to fluctuations related to wars, economic crises, and advances in environmental rights. A series of events led some European countries, such as Spain, to assume a leading position in the market for certain raw materials, such as tungsten. However, most of Europe's mines have been abandoned. This paper considers several postindustrial heritage sites that can used to illustrate how metal and stone were extracted in past centuries. Such sites have become a tourist attraction in the context of heritage in some countries. This area in western Spain, which contains ancestral quarries that helped build the architectural heritage of UNESCO World Heritage Cities and artisanal mines that contributed to building the economy of an extremely poor population, has a story to tell. All these mines and quarries can be used to explain the cultural heritage of the area as part of a postindustrial heritage landscape. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper looks at the nature of international law politics within the Nigerian state and the challenges Nigeria faces in implementing it successfully. Neorealism theory, which relies on secondary data gathered from documentation through published and unpublished books, journals, articles, and other publications on human rights and maritime/environmental treaties, was used as the intellectual framework and adopted the qualitative synthesis of the scientific method. It was also discovered that the majority of international treaties are less enforceable due to the National Assembly's inability or negligence in domesticating the laws to which Nigeria is a party. The conclusions drawn from these observations lead to the following recommendations, which are listed in no particular order. The 2004 Treaties Act comes first. should be changed right away to make consultation with the appropriate National Assembly committees a prerequisite for making treaties. In the same vein, training and capacity building for the bureaucracy and other pertinent agencies are necessary to guarantee the efficient execution of the numerous international legal instruments to which Nigeria is a party. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ongoing colonization of the environment and natural resources has negatively impacted environmental heritage rights in many parts of the world, particularly Indigenous environmental rights and their relationships with the environment. For many Indigenous communities, the history of colonialism became a history of dispossession for Indigenous peoples, their land, water, traditional knowledge, and practices. This paper addresses the ongoing environmental heritage conflict between the Cree First Nation communities' traditional environmental heritage practices and developmental energy projects in Saskatchewan, Canada. Drawing from a relational research framework, we (Cree First Nation Knowledge Keeper and settler scholar of color) shared our learning reflections from Cree First Nation communities on how energy projects (particularly pipeline leaks) have negatively impacted Indigenous land, water, and traditional heritage and practices. In this paper, we focus our learnings from the Cree First Nation communities on the following questions: Why and how do developmental projects neglect Indigenous heritage rights, particularly environmental heritage rights? What can be or should be done about it? What are our responsibilities as researchers and educators? In this study, we learned about traditional-knowledge-based consultation and solutions to the ongoing challenges of incorporating Indigenous interests into environmental heritage to foster Indigenous environmental heritage rights. We also highlight how Indigenous perspectives on their environmental heritage rights are interconnected with Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) from our learning reflections, particularly Goal 3, Good Health and Wellbeing, Goal 10, Reduced Inequalities, Goal 13, Climate Action, Goal 15, Life on Land, and Goal 16, Peace, Justice, and Strong Institutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cases of marine environmental pollution (MEP), such as condensate leakage in the Sanchi case, not only directly infringe on private personal health and property rights, but also cause serious damage to the marine ecological environment. This paper analyzes dozens of MEP cases and summarizes the typical rights, interests, and remedies under Chinese law. Traditional tort liability legislation remedies the problem of infringement of private interests by environmental torts through compensation and punitive damages but it cannot reverse the damage to the marine ecological environment. Traditional civil legislation is built on the basis of rights and interests regarding damages and relief. MEP infringes on a wide range of citizens' environmental rights and should be addressed by the environmental public interest litigation (EPIL), which is an important way to protect citizens' environmental rights. This paper analyzes the legal interests, relief measures, and limitations of the existing EPIL legislation that is applicable to MEP cases under Chinese law, so as to make corresponding legislative suggestions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is a common problem faced by countries in the process of industrialization and urbanization that citizens oppose the construction of negative externality facilities near their residence. Environmental right is one of the basic rights enjoyed by citizens and also an important part of human rights, allowing citizens to participate in their own environmental use decisions and defend their own environmental rights and interests against infringement. This paper focuses on the basic environmental rights of citizens, essentially defines the NIMBY movement as a movement for justice in which citizens advocate for equal environmental rights and interests, and analyzes the movement's rationale or the fundamental environmental rights of citizens. Disregard for citizens' substantive and procedural environmental rights and interests is linked to NIMBY movements. At the same time, compared with the traditional campaign-styled governance paradigm, the sustainable development governance emphasizes joint negotiation and multiple interactions, which can better maximize the environmental benefits of the whole governance cycle. Therefore, this paper discussed the governance path of NIMBY from two dimensions: determining the boundaries of citizens' substantive environmental rights and interests for enhancing their sense of identity and protecting citizens' procedural environmental rights and interests by laying more emphasis on the sustainable governance of NIMBY movements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Green criminology provides a significant opportunity for interdisciplinary engagement to address the many environmental problems of the twenty-first century that are too complex to be solved through a single disciplinary lens. Hall (2014) has called for increased collaboration between green criminologists and legal scholars while also acknowledging that this form of interdisciplinarity is more challenging than for more traditional forms of criminology. This paper adopts Hall's call as a starting point for a critical exploration of two areas that offer ground for collaboration: positioning analyses of environmental harm within wider regulatory frameworks and considering the ways human and non-human victims interact with 'the mechanisms of justice' to exercise 'environmental rights' (Hall 2014: 105). We examine these areas drawing on the case of wildlife trafficking in Vietnam. We argue that 'multispecies justice' presents a useful framework to progress green criminology-law collaborations in the Vietnamese and other contexts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper summarizes the new progress in building China's national carbon market since 2020, and analyzes the connotation of China's carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals ("dual carbon" goals) and its significance to socio-economic development in China. Through case analysis, this paper expounds the role of China's recent carbon trading activities in promoting the transition toward green and low-carbon socio-economic development. On that basis, this paper conceives a top-level design for building the national carbon market that serves the "dual carbon" goals: building and improving the national carbon market that fundamentally serves as an emission reduction tool, developing the institutions and systems of the national carbon market with a focus on emission cap, creating a multilevel and diversified carbon trading scheme centered on the national carbon market, exploring a mechanism that takes carbon emission reduction as the core and promotes the synergistic effect of the carbon market with other environmental rights trading markets, and pursuing the healthy and orderly development of carbon finance that aims to serve carbon emission reduction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Environmental problem is an international problem that transcends national boundaries and develops into regional and global environmental pollution and ecological problems. Facing the increasing environmental pollution, the international community has successively formulated many relevant environmental pollution prevention laws, but the world situation is complicated after all, environmental problems still emerge endlessly, and the protection of environmental rights has become the consensus of the international community. Environmental right is an integral part of human rights, and protecting environmental right is the concrete expression and proper meaning of protecting human rights. Using international criminal law to protect environmental rights will play a positive role in global environmental protection. As with the development of computer technology, the research of machine learning has gradually transferred to the field of social science, especially the judicial field. While sentencing is a crucial part of environmental crime, this paper studies the sentencing of environmental rights cases from the perspective of international criminal law and uses Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) to determine the sentencing of environmental rights cases. Through the experiment on the Integrated Database (IDB) dataset, the results show that the introduction of CNN improves the effect of the sentencing term prediction model and the fine prediction model significantly. The CNN-based model scored 91.6542 in the sentencing term prediction model and 90.8890 in the fine prediction model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Public procurement, the process by which public authorities purchase work, goods or services, makes up a substantial part of the economies of the European Union Member States. This transforms the public procurement strategies and actions into a potentially strong instrument for governments to achieve economic, social, and environmental goals. But all these instruments depend substantially on the manner the public procurement system is managed, conducted and monitored. This paper analyses the European and national legislative framework in support of green public procurement and the possibilities foreseen public procurement legislation that allow public officials to „green” their purchases. As green public procurement is a voluntary instrument, the approach on environmental objectives varies within the Member States. Up to this moment, Romania has not adopted a National Action Plan for Green Procurement, making our country one of the last 4 European states that does not have one. The findings show that Romania has not effectively explored the possibility to approach environmental objectives through procurement regulation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The duty to consult and accommodate Indigenous peoples under section 35 of the Constitution Act, 1982 is frequently ful"lled through environmental assessments. However, environmental statutes and the common law do not always properly re#ect the constitutional nature of the duty, nor do they ensure that decisions are environmentally sound. In light of these shortcomings, this paper recommends three reforms: (1) a revision of the federal Impact Assessment Act; (2) the codi"cation of environmental rights; and (3) a change in the standard of review applied to administrative decisions stemming from environmental assessments. !ese adjustments would not subvert the current legal framework. Nonetheless, they have the potential to assist in advancing the related goals of sustainable development and reconciliation between Canada and Indigenous peoples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Security Strategies Journal / Güvenlik Stratejileri Dergisi is the property of Strategic Research Institute and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The "right-to-repair" (RTR) movement calls for government legislation that requires manufacturers to provide repair information, tools, and parts so that consumers can independently repair their own products with more ease. The initiative has gained global traction in recent years. Repair advocates argue that such legislation would break manufacturers' monopoly on the repair market and benefit consumers. They further contend that it would reduce the environmental impact by reducing e-waste and new production. Yet the RTR legislation may also trigger a price response in the product market as manufacturers try to mitigate the profit loss. This paper employs an analytical model to study the pricing, welfare, and environmental implications of RTR. We find that, as the RTR legislation continually lowers the independent repair cost, manufacturers may initially cut the new product price and then raise it. This nonmonotone price adjustment may further induce a nonmonotone change in consumer surplus, social welfare, and the environmental impact. Strikingly, the RTR legislation can potentially lead to a lose–lose–lose outcome that compromises manufacturer profit, reduces consumer surplus, and increases the environmental impact despite repair being made easier and more affordable. This paper was accepted by Charles Corbett, operations management. Funding: Chen Jin gratefully acknowledges the Singapore Ministry of Education Academic Research Fund [Tier 1, Grant R-253-000-144-133]. Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2022.4401. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Environmental law, in the current context of society's evolution, is a highly topical discipline. The study of this discipline is not easy, being made difficult by the great diversity of environmental protection fields and implicitly the legislation. Also, the teaching of this discipline is challenging, requiring the adaptation of classic teaching methods but also the finding of new tools. The present paper, starting from the presentation of some technical aspects of the discipline that produce barriers in the teachinglearning process, presents the author's experience in using (i) the project, as a personalized teaching method and (ii) complementary online information resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This paper aims to set the scene for an emerging conversation on the Rights of Nature as articulated by a philosophy of law called Earth Jurisprudence, which privileges the whole Earth community over the profit-driven structures of the existing legal and economic systems. Design/methodology/approach: The study used a wide range of thought from literature relating to philosophy, humanities, environmental economics, sustainable development, indigenous rights and legal theory to show how Earth Jurisprudence resonates with two recent treaties of Waitangi settlements in Aotearoa New Zealand that recognise the Rights of Nature. Findings: Indigenous philosophies have become highly relevant to sustainable and equitable development. They have provided an increasingly prominent approach in advancing social, economic, environmental and cultural development around the world. In Aotearoa New Zealand, Maori philosophies ground the naming of the Te Urewera National Park and the Whanganui River as legal entities with rights. Practical implications: Recognition of the Rights of Nature in Aotearoa New Zealand necessitates a radical re-thinking by accounting researchers, practitioners and educators towards a more ecocentric view of the environment, given the transformation of environmental law and our responsibilities towards sustainable development. Originality/value: This relates to the application of Earth Jurisprudence legal theory as an alternative approach towards thinking about integrated reporting and sustainable development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The "Path to the Digital Decade" features the digital transformation goals that the member states of the European Union must reach by 2030. It also highlights the need to align the digital strategy with the 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) by use of relevant indicators for assessing progress in each single SDG. The Digital Economy and Society Index (DESI), published in 2022, demonstrates how new advances in the digitalisation process have filled several gaps in digital skills and infrastructures; while the DESI Country Profiles witness the lower levels of digital performance of insular territories, compared to the states' mainland. This paper explores the way digitalisation progress might improve islands' sustainability performance and equity concerns in the EU. Relevant achievements are assessed by the proposed Index of Islands' Potential Equity (IB>E), i.e. a composite index, combining an Islands' Sustainability Index (IIS) for grasping socio-economic and environmental aspects; and an Islands' Digitalisation Index (IDI), for identifying the level of public/private digital transformation. The results obtained through the liPE index demonstrate how powerful the strategies of island governments in digitalisation progress can prove in achieving SDGs and rendering island contexts less vulnerable and more competitive in the European scenery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The significance of environmental governance is increasing worldwide, and Georgia is no exception. This article uses wide-ranging sources to provide comprehensive qualitative and quantitative data to discuss the most important aspects of environmental policy directions in Georgia. The results of the study show that: (a) it is crucial to increase public awareness about the importance of climate change and environmental protection; (b) introducing environmental and climate-related goals and objectives and green budgeting principles in national priorities is as important as implementing them effectively into practice; and (c) the practice of regulatory impact assessment needs further development in Georgia, especially in the environment and climate-related areas. Finally, the paper concludes that the lack of historical data is the main limitation for the current research, and proposes that scientific and practical work continues in the future to further explore the relationships between the country’s environmental policies and aspects of sustainable development on both an individual and public level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Derecho del Estado is the property of Universidad Externado de Colombia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The region of the Americas is facing unprecedented humanitarian and social challenges as a consequence of the Covid-19 pandemic. As such, the regional institutions need to deliver rapid and effective responses to the region's inhabitants. In this way, the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights (hereinafter IACHR or the Commission) has aimed to deliver a timely answer so that States, the Civil Society, and stakeholders can assure individuals that the treatment of the pandemic incorporates a human rights approach from the Inter-American System's framework. The purpose of this work will be to give a brief takeaway on how the IACHR has responded to those challenges and how it has assessed the differentiated, intersectional, and gender-unequal impacts this health crisis has had on human rights, particularly on economic, social, cultural and environmental rights (hereinafter ESCER). This paper will focus on the rights of people and groups who, because of the special state of vulnerability they are in, have been hit the hardest by the pandemic. It will discuss how the Commission--specially supported by the Office of the Special Rapporteur for Economic, Social, Cultural, and Environmental Rights (REDESCA)--has responded to the challenges and incidents brought on by the Covid-19 pandemic and how it has delivered recommendations to States regarding women, indigenous people, people living in poverty and extreme poverty, people of African descent, LGBTI people, older people, persons with disabilities, and people who are being deprived of liberty. Finally, the article will explore the future steps that need to be taken to increase the protection of human rights in other global crises. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Inciso is the property of Universidad La Gran Colombia, Seccional Armenia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Derecho del Estado is the property of Universidad Externado de Colombia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Knowledge about the discursive strategies employed in environmental communication when addressing social practices is fundamental in order to understand how the public’s active engagement and behavioral change can be brought about, encouraged or discouraged through environmental discourse. This paper purports to investigate the representation and popularization of environmental rights in media texts, with particular focus on TED talks. More specifically, the analysis aims to explore which and how communicative meanings are continuously constructed around environmental issues. The popularization strategies present in a collection of TED talks are investigated, and processes of accommodation and simplification are analyzed with the aim to point out any discrepancies between the nature of rights in legal texts, and their textual realization in non-legal examples. The analysis traces the malleability of terminology related to environmental rights and shows how the selective usage of qualifying words like “sustainability” and “solidarity” can contribute to the fungibility of the concept of “environmental right” itself. The paper also emphasizes the broad social importance assumed by the mismatch between the need for clear legal definitions and the leverage of vague terminology to favor specific policies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Shifting cultivation remains an important land system in many tropical landscapes, but transitions away from shifting cultivation are increasingly common. So far, our knowledge on the social–economic and environmental drivers and consequences of such shifting cultivation transitions is incomplete, focusing on certain transitions, drivers, consequences or regions.Here, we use an archetype approach, validated through systematically identified literature, to describe eight archetypes encompassing the transitions from shifting cultivation to (1) perennial plantation crops, (2) permanent agroforestry, (3) regrown secondary forest, (4) permanent non‐perennial crops, (5) pasture, (6) wood plantation, (7) non‐cultivated non‐forested land and (8) restored secondary forest (ordered in decreasing prevalence).We then discuss social–economic and environmental factors favouring and disfavouring each archetype. This reveals that higher expected land rents, resulting from increased market access, crop price surges, secure land tenure and state interventions, are the main drivers of archetypical transitions to perennial plantation crops, permanent agroforestry, permanent non‐perennial crops and wood plantation. The prioritisation of other activities, both on‐ and off‐farm, favours transitions to regrown secondary forest and non‐cultivated non‐forested land, depending on plot‐level environmental conditions. Active forest restoration is typically implemented through state or NGO interventions.Turning to the consequences of archetypical transitions for biodiversity, the environment and livelihoods, we find that positive environmental outcomes prevail for transitions to permanent agroforestry, regrown secondary forest and restored secondary forest. Negative environmental outcomes dominate for four typically economically profitable transitions to perennial plantation crops, permanent non‐perennial crops, pasture and wood plantation. Non‐income‐related social–economic outcomes are heterogeneous within all archetypes and highly context‐dependent.Our archetype analysis shows that shifting cultivation transitions are diverse in themselves, in their drivers and their consequences. This calls for a critical and contextualised appraisal of the continuation of shifting cultivation, as well as the transition away from it, when designing land system policies that work for people and nature. Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog. Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to discuss the place of environmental right in the system of the 1950 European Convention - a fundamental Council of Europe treaty on protection of human rights. Interestingly, it does not explicitly guarantee the environmental right, it needs to be determined; therefore, if individuals can cite violations of this right in their complaints to the European Court of Human Rights - the authority guarding obedience to the European Convention. Analysis of the Strasbourg decisions implies the environmental right can be applied to highly diverse situations. In practice, complainants cite its infringements in connection with violations of the right to private and family life as incorporated in Article 8 of the European Convention. This does not mean, however, every time a complainant cites Article 8 of the European Convention to accuse a state of breaching their environmental rights, the European Court is going to accept such a charge. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

By using data on self-rated life satisfaction as an empirical indicator of well-being, this paper estimates the valuation of two major air pollutants differentiated by people's age category (stage in the life cycle) and birth cohort. Life satisfaction regressions involving about 59,000 individuals in 10 European countries, 1990-1997, imply that, consistent with epidemiological evidence, both life-cycle and cohort effects exist in the valuation of air quality The age and cohort dependence of the sensitivity to air pollution translates into considerable differences in the valuation of clean air. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

While the regulation of sustainable growth and CO2 emissions has become a transnational legal affair, the legal-theoretical implications of the climate emergency remain relatively under-researched. On the one hand, recent jurisprudence in human rights law has seen an increased sensibility for identifying environmental aspects of human rights, constitutional rights to environmental goods enshrined in half the world's states as well as a new trend towards identifying an autonomous environmental human right. On the other hand, constitutional scholars have articulated detailed accounts of how transnational legal pluralism is to be properly understood and managed as globalization and trade-liberalization create collective action spaces, observably regulated by constitutional principles, such as the rule of law, democracy and human rights. In this paper, I first survey the shortcomings of the principles of environmental law (Section 1) and discuss the nature and possibility of autonomous environmental rights (Section 2). Then, I disentangle competing conceptions of constitutional pluralism (Section 3), and argue for a legal realist conception of transnational law that can better deal with the climate emergency (Section 4). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Participation by multiple actors has been emphasized in managing state forests to meet various demands on forests within a global society. Public participation was also suggested as an approach to sustainable forest management. This paper aims to investigate the legal opportunities of public participation in managing state forests in the case of the Republic of Korea (ROK). Relevant legal and policy documents were selected for content analysis and were analyzed with the levels of participation. Litigation regarding state forest conflicts was analyzed. The ROK legal system includes multiple levels of participation in managing state forests: information sharing, consultation, collaborative decision-making, and implementation. The research results indicate that various stakeholders need legal opportunities to participate in the formation and implementation of policies for the management of state forests. Regulatory enforcement is required for guaranteeing environmental rights--access to information, participation in decision-making, and standing in court. Based on research results, this paper provides us with legal insights on promoting public participation in managing state forests. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, we enjoin the United Nations (UN) to forge a path out of our plight of multiple environmental and social crises. With other analysts, we identify 'overshoot' - the state in which humanity has substantially outpaced Earth's capacity to regenerate its natural systems and to absorb our waste output - as the root cause of the existential threats we face. This dangerous condition demands rethinking our relationship with Earth and embarking on scaling down the human enterprise within policy frameworks of equity and rights. We argue that when the UN first articulated its international unity and prosperity mission, it did so within a 'growth' paradigm that treats Earth and its nonhuman inhabitants as mere resources at humanity's disposal. The 1994 Cairo Conference on Population and Development reinforced this agenda, with its sharp turn away from the earlier emphasis on population concerns and their link to environmental protection. Today, it is clear that the UN's foundational goals of peace, human rights and sustainability flounder within a growthdriven framework of human exceptionalism and nature domination. To correct course and reverse our advanced state of ecological overshoot, we urge the UN to lead in contracting the large-scale variables of the human enterprise - population, economy, technosphere - and to resist co-optation by political, ideological and special interest pressures that would derail this mandate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The reasoning that led us to consult the vision of the Romanian doctrine on the economic and financial instruments for environmental protection is determined by the need to know, through it, the European legal framework in the field. However, in the age of globalisation, the unification of policies, in particular those relating to environmental protection, are becoming indispensable in conditions and realities in which pollution knows no borders. For the Republic of Moldova, the unification of these policies, initially at the European level, is not only a necessity but even a condition that stands in the way of realizing the aspirations of European integration. In these circumstances, the theoretical and practical importance of the proposed research becomes even more obvious every time we remind of the political vector of European integration of our country, the current requirements of aligning the national legislation with the provisions of the European Union directives and of ensuring sustainable development of the country by promoting the green economy. We are convinced that the result of the planned research will show its practical usefulness through the immediate impact on the quality of the regulations in the field of environmental protection, but certainly also the economic one, once it will be based on the model of the Romanian legislation adopted long before on that segment, experienced and connected to all the current needs. Taking into account the fact that the problem of environmental protection within the economic activity, exercised specifically through legal-financial instruments, does not find its reflection in the scientific works in the country, we consider that the research on this subject in comparison becomes quite opportune and welcome, forecasts a positive and immediate impact on the socialeconomic development plan of the country, of the science of law in general, but also environmental law in particular. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A recent development in South African environmental law is the use of plea and sentencing agreements. The main objective of environmental law is to promote the sustainable use of natural resources while preventing pollution and ecological degradation. Grand environmental due diligence processes could achieve sustainable development; the use of criminal sanctions with sentencing agreements could be more effective. This paper answers the question whether the plea and sentencing agreements in reality achieve the objectives of environmental regulation? This study analyses this recent development by looking at selected recent cases in South Africa. The study found that plea and sentence agreements are potentially effective, subject to the effective monitoring of compliance and enforcement against non-compliance with the undertakings made by the accused person. Without institutional strengthening and effective monitoring, the plea and sentence agreement procedure remains ineffective. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Pensamiento Americano is the property of Corporacion Universitaria Americana and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Direito da Cidade is the property of Editora da Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (EdUERJ) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of People & Nature is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article analyses the role of the international judiciary in protecting the environmental rights of future generations to achieve the sustainable development goals pursued by different countries. The problem of the study was the extent to which international jurisdiction contributed to protecting the rights of future generations. The study aimed to demonstrate and determine the content of the intergenerational theory of environmental justice and the extent to which constitution’s guarantee future generations' right to a healthy environment. The research discovered various results and recommendations, but the most significant was that constitutions, international agreements, and international acts should ensure a healthy and sound environment for future generations. International justice confirms environmental justice, contributing to the protection of future generations' environmental rights by appointing a National Council, General Representative, or Environmental Secretary of any designation to represent future generations before the judiciary and alert governments and citizens to environmental issues. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The primary objective of the fact sheets about environmental access to justice is to furnish readily available guidelines for initiating a review process before an autonomous judicial institution or an administrative entity. Judges have always been vital in creating and enforcing effective environmental and justice laws. Judges have had to combine principle with practicality when drafting and applying such regulations, and progress has been slow. Critics have criticized them for not adhering to judicial bounds, especially in political conflicts and economic wealth distribution. With UN Environment Programmed support, judges have led efforts to improve environmental legal competency and knowledge sharing. While legal systems vary, certain concerns and their remedies are worldwide. Despite this restriction, international environmental litigation against businesses is possible when serious environmental degradation affects core human rights and interests. Such victims may utilize environmental violations to strengthen their claims. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article focuses on the shared history of Frankfurt Zoological Garden and Airport, developing an infrastructural perspective on the rise of behavioral thinking in postwar environmental sciences. It shows that technical and logistical environments, such as seaports, airports, train stations, and highways, shaped the way environmental scientists and a broader public conceptualized animal behavior. Similar to ergonomics and human factor engineering in the 1950s and '60s, human-made spaces and interiors became central reference points for developing and testing new ideas on the interaction between animals and "the environment." Further, airports were sites of knowledge transfer between practitioners, including animal traders, care attendants, veterinarians, logistics experts, and scientists. The first part of the article draws on the works of biologist and Frankfurt's Zoo director Bernhard Grzimek, who made excessive use of air cargo to ship wild animals to Frankfurt. The second part traces the emergence of new spaces for animals at Frankfurt Airport in the 1950s--such as the "animal room" in the cargo area. The third part of the article uncovers the hidden networks of animal traders and shipping companies that made Frankfurt Airport a major international hub in animal air cargo. Lastly, the article argues that hands-on experience of animal behavior, such as that conducted in airports like Frankfurt, is part of a broader pattern of environmental knowledge production in in the twentieth century--in close proximity to infrastructure projects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Prior to the Human Rights Act 1998, there were significant expectations that it would promote the development of environmental rights and extend remedies for environmental harm. This has not been the case, but then the expectations were probably always false. The paper points to three reasons why: the retention of a strong model of parliamentary sovereignty; the need to mould human rights principles alongside the common law; the traditional reluctance of the courts to determine questions of utility where questions of resource allocation arise. The paper concludes by reflecting on whether one would hope, in any case, to advance the cause of the environment through the mechanism of the Convention and suggests that there may be reasons to doubt the wisdom of this approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of HORIZONTE: Revista de Estudos de Teologia e Ciências da Religião is the property of HORIZONTE: Revista de Estudos de Teologia e Ciencias da Religiao and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article explores the concept of green criminology in Africa, focusing on the continent's diversity and the various forms of exploitation, conflict, crimes, and harm that have occurred throughout history. The authors aim to increase the visibility of authors who face barriers to publishing their work in international journals and emphasize the importance of cognitive justice, social justice, and eco-justice in opening dialogues and acknowledging different perspectives. The article highlights environmental crimes and harms in Africa, including colonialist extraction, pollution, waste dumping, resource conflicts, and wildlife trafficking. It also discusses the historical context of environmental harm in Africa, linking it to colonialism, neocolonialism, and imperialism. The text emphasizes the need to address racism, colonialism, and patriarchy in environmental justice efforts and highlights the importance of including diverse perspectives in green criminology research. Additionally, the document provides a comprehensive list of references and citations from various sources related to crime, justice, social democracy, and environmental issues in Africa, serving as a valuable resource for library patrons conducting research on these topics. [Extracted from the article]

Copyright of Revista Catalana de Dret Ambiental is the property of Universitat Rovira I Virgili and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)