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[Display omitted] • Bio-based lentinan (LNT) and ammonium phytate (APA) were introduced onto cotton fabric. • The flame retardancy of cotton fabric was significantly enhanced by the presence of APA and LNT. • The LNT outer layer improved the thermostability, durability, and breaking force of the APA-treated cotton fabric. As the most widely used natural fabric, cotton fabric is highly flammable with serious fire hazard concerns. The use of biomass materials to impart flame resistance to fabrics is always a hot topic of interest. In this work, a novel durable flame retardant cotton fabric (Cotton-APA/LNT) was fabricated by successively covalent bonding ammonium phytate (APA) and lentinan (LNT). The Cotton-APA/LNT fabric sample had a highly limiting oxygen index (LOI) value of 51.5 % and was self-extinguished in the vertical burning test (VBT) at 18.0 % weight gain. The peak heat release rate and total heat release values were decreased by 91.5 % and 46.0 %, respectively compared with those of the control cotton. Besides, after 50 laundering cycles (LCs), the fabric was still self-extinguished in the VBT with an LOI value of 34.2 %. APA fully strengthened the role of acid source by the presence of LNT. The constructed LNT outer layer showed comprehensive improvements in thermostability, flame retardancy, smoke suppression, durability, and breaking force. Specifically, the Cotton-APA/LNT sample had a higher LOI value (↑4.3 %), lower total heat release (↓23.8 %), lower total smoke production (↓29.1 %), higher thermostability (↑27 °C under air), better char formation ability (↑2.0 % under air), higher durability (self-extinguished in the VBT after 50 LCs), and higher breaking force (↑32.5 % in the warp direction and ↑33.9 % in the weft direction) compared with those of Cotton-APA sample. This work has proposed an advanced approach for fabricating eco-friendly durable fire-safety cotton fabrics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Novel bio-based nano-flame retardant with core–shell structure (PA-Fe-HBT) are prepared. • PA-Fe-HBT improved the flame retardancy, UV resistance and recyclability of PLA. • The corresponding mechanisms are proposed. Polylactic acid (PLA) is one of the solutions to the white pollution and energy crisis. However, the using performance (such as flame retardant, weather resistance and mechanical properties) and recycling performance limit its wide application. In this work, a bio-based additive (PA-Fe-HBT) with core–shell structure is synthesized by tannins microspheres and phytic acid (PA). By the presence of 3 wt% PA-Fe-HBT, the limited oxygen index is increased to 25.5%, and the sample can pass UL-94 V-0 grade. At the same time, the mechanical properties of the composites remain good. Besides, the ultraviolet aging resistance and ultraviolet protection ability of the composite are significantly improved. The ultraviolet (UV) transmittance of PLA/3%PA-Fe-HBT sample shows a decrease of 99.97% compared with control PLA. More importantly, the chemical recycling of composites is promoted by PA-Fe-HBT in the absence of external heating. After a simple purification, 88% purity of lactic acid is obtained. It is believed that this work proposes an ingenious design strategy to prepare PLA/PA-Fe-HBT composites with flame-retardancy, UV resistance and chemical recycling performances. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An integrated multi-functional additive was fabricated by successively grafting melamine (MEL) and phytic acid (PhA) on multiwalled carbon-nanotubes (MWNCTs), and was then applied in PA6 to improve the flame retardancy and light aging resistance of the composite. The limit oxygen index of PA6 composite containing 7 wt% PhA-MEL-MWCNTs was increased to 26.4 from 21.0. The smoke and CO release were significantly reduced by 48% and 88% respectively, and the severe melt dripping of PA6 in burning was eliminated. It is proved that PhA-MEL-MWCNTs can absorb ultraviolet (UV) radiation, and hence significantly reduces the mechanical property loss of the PA6 composite after UV aging. The tensile strength of the aged PA6/7 wt%PhA-MEL-MWCNTs composite sample only decreased by 18.1%, which was significantly lower than the loss rate of the control aged PA6 sample (62.5%). This protocol provides a new opportunity for fabricating long-life flame retardant polyamide composites. [Display omitted] • PhA-MEL-MWCNTs was fabricated by grafting melamine and phytic acid on MWCNTs. • PhA-MEL-MWCNTs improved flame retardancy and light aging resistance of PA6. • The melt dripping of PA6 was eliminated by 7% PhA-MEL-MWCNTs. • The mechanical loss of PA6 after UV aging was reduced by PhA-MEL-MWCNTs. • The potential danger of PA6 in dairy usage was reduced. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]