9,192 results
Search Results
2. Education for Planetary Health: a call for papers.
- Author
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Brown A
- Subjects
- Global Health
- Abstract
Competing Interests: I declare no competing interests.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Approaches to Defining Healthy Diets: A Background Paper for the International Expert Consultation on Sustainable Healthy Diets.
- Author
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Kumanyika S, Afshin A, Arimond M, Lawrence M, McNaughton SA, and Nishida C
- Subjects
- Diet, Healthy methods, Food Supply methods, Humans, Diet, Healthy standards, Food Supply standards, Global Health standards, Nutrition Policy, Sustainable Development
- Abstract
Background: Healthy diets promote optimal growth and development and prevent malnutrition in all its forms, including undernutrition, obesity, and diet-related noncommunicable diseases (NCDs)., Objective: This background paper for the International Expert Consultation on Sustainable Healthy Diets characterizes healthy diets and their implications for food system sustainability., Methods: Three complementary approaches to defining healthy diets are compared: World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines or recommendations developed between 1996 and 2019; 2017 Global Burden of Disease (GBD) risk factor study estimates of diet-related risk-outcome associations; and analyses associating indices of whole dietary patterns with health outcomes in population studies and clinical trials., Results: World Health Organization dietary recommendations are global reference points for preventing undernutrition and reducing NCD risks; they emphasize increasing intakes of fruits, vegetables (excepting starchy root vegetables), legumes, nuts, and whole grains; limiting energy intake from free sugars and total fats; consuming unsaturated rather than saturated or trans fats; and limiting salt intake. Global Burden of Disease findings align well with WHO recommendations but include some additional risk factors such as high consumption of processed meat; this approach quantifies contributions of diet-related risks to the NCD burden. Evidence on whole dietary patterns supports WHO and GBD findings and raises concerns about potential adverse health effects of foods with high levels of industrial processing., Conclusions: Implied shifts toward plant foods and away from animal foods (excepting fish and seafood), and for changes in food production systems have direct relevance to the sustainability agenda.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Challenges and opportunities for sarcoma care and research in Latin America: a position paper from the LACOG sarcoma group
- Author
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Roberto Carmagnani Pestana, Bruna Bianca Lopes David, Veridiana Pires de Camargo, Rodrigo Ramella Munhoz, Celso Abdon Lopes de Mello, María Lucila González Donna, Juan Carlos Haro Varas, Maycos L. Zapata, Cicero Luiz Cunha Martins, Matias Chacon, Rafael Schmerling, and Reynaldo Jesus-Garcia
- Subjects
Sarcoma ,Global health ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
Summary: As a developing region, Latin America faces unique cancer control and prevention challenges, which are intensified when considering rare cancers, including sarcomas. Sarcomas are a group of malignancies that arise in the connective tissues of the body—such as muscle, fat, nerves, blood vessels, and bones—accounting for a diverse range of tumours that, although rare, require specialized attention. Sarcoma care and research in Latin America require a comprehensive approach that includes deeper epidemiologic knowledge, diagnostic capacity building, access to innovative treatments, increased patient advocacy, and strengthening of clinical research capacity. This article will review current challenges and opportunities for treating patients with sarcoma in Latin America and outline a pathway toward improvement for regional collaborative groups.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Public health approach to hearing across the life course: a call-for-papers.
- Author
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Chadha S, Cieza A, and Reyes K
- Subjects
- Humans, World Health Organization, Biomedical Research organization & administration, Global Health, Hearing Loss prevention & control, Hearing Loss therapy, Public Health Practice
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Cultural Competence and Global Health: Perspectives for Medical Education - Position paper of the GMA Committee on Cultural Competence and Global Health.
- Author
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Mews C, Schuster S, Vajda C, Lindtner-Rudolph H, Schmidt LE, Bösner S, Güzelsoy L, Kressing F, Hallal H, Peters T, Gestmann M, Hempel L, Grützmann T, Sievers E, and Knipper M
- Subjects
- Austria, Clinical Competence, Curriculum, Education, Medical, Undergraduate, Germany, Switzerland, Cultural Competency, Education, Medical, Global Health
- Abstract
Introduction: Routine medical care in Germany, Austria and Switzerland is being increasingly impacted by the cultural and linguistic diversity of an ever more complex world. Both at home and as part of international student exchanges, medical students are confronted with different ways of thinking and acting in relation to health and disease. Despite an increasing number of courses on cultural competence and global health at German-speaking medical schools, systematic approaches are lacking on how to integrate this topic into medical curricula. Methodological approach: This paper is based on a structured consensus-building process by a multidisciplinary committee composed of faculty and students. In a first step, a qualitative online survey was carried out in order to establish an inventory of definitions and concepts. After the second step, in which a literature search was conducted and definitions of global health and transcultural and intercultural competence were clarified, recommendations were formulated regarding content, teaching and institutional infrastructure. Based on small-group work and large-group discussions, different perspectives and critical issues were compiled using multiple feedback loops that served to ensure quality. Results: An inventory on the national and international level showed that great heterogeneity exists in regard to definitions, teaching strategies, teaching formats and faculty qualification. Definitions and central aspects considered essential to medical education were thus established for the use of the terms "cultural competence" and "global health". Recommendations are given for implementation, ranging from practical realization to qualification of teaching staff and education research. Outlook: High-quality healthcare as a goal calls for the systematic internationalization of undergraduate medical education. In addition to offering specific courses on cultural competence and global health, synergies would be created through the integration of cultural competence and global health content into the curricula of already existing subject areas. The NKLM (the national competence-based catalogue of learning objectives for undergraduate medical education) would serve as a basis for this.
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Chiropractic in Global Health and wellbeing: a white paper describing the public health agenda of the World Federation of Chiropractic.
- Author
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Maiers M, Agaoglu M, Brown R, Cassirer C, DaSilva K, Lystad RP, Mohammad S, and Wong JJ
- Subjects
- Chiropractic standards, Health Personnel psychology, Health Promotion standards, Humans, World Health Organization, Chiropractic organization & administration, Global Health standards, Health Promotion organization & administration, Public Health standards
- Abstract
The World Federation of Chiropractic supports the involvement of chiropractors in public health initiatives, particularly as it relates to musculoskeletal health. Three topics within public health have been identified that call for a renewed professional focus. These include healthy ageing; opioid misuse; and women's, children's, and adolescents' health. The World Federation of Chiropractic aims to enable chiropractors to proactively participate in health promotion and prevention activities in these areas, through information dissemination and coordinated partnerships. Importantly, this work will align the chiropractic profession with the priorities of the World Health Organization. Successful engagement will support the role of chiropractors as valued partners within the broader healthcare system and contribute to the health and wellbeing of the communities they serve., Competing Interests: All authors are volunteer members of the World Federation of Chiropractic (WFC) Public Health Committee at the time of press. CC serves as committee chair; MM is liaison to the WFC Council; RB is Secretary-General to the WFC.Not applicable.RB is a paid consultant to the World Federation of Chiropractic, serving as Secretary General. All other authors declare no competing interests.Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Student Reflection Papers on a Global Clinical Experience: A Qualitative Study.
- Author
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Margolis CZ, Rohrbaugh RM, Tsang L, Fleischer J, Graham MJ, Kellett A, and Hafler JP
- Subjects
- Clinical Competence, Humans, Learning, Qualitative Research, Curriculum, Global Health, Students, Medical
- Abstract
Background: Many of the 70,000 graduating US medical students [per year] have reported participating in a global health activity at some stage of medical school. This case study design provided a method for understanding the student's experience that included student's learning about culture, health disparities, exposure and reaction to a range of diseases actually encountered. The broad diversity of themes among students indicated that the GCE provided a flexible, personalized experience. We need to understand the student's experience in order to help design appropriate curricular experiences [and valid student assessment]., Objective: Our research aim was to analyze medical student reflection papers to understand how they viewed their Global Clinical Experience (GCE)., Methods: A qualitative case study design was used to analyze student reflection papers. All 28 students who participated in a GCE from 2008-2010 and in 2014-2015 and submitted a reflection paper on completion of the GCE were eligible to participate in the study. One student did not submit a reflection paper and was not included in the study., Findings: All 27 papers were coded by paragraph for reflection and for themes. System of Care/Range of Care was mentioned most often, Aids to Adjustment Process was mentioned least. The theme, "Diseases," referred to any mention of a disease in the reflection papers, and 44 diseases were mentioned in the papers. The analysis for depth of reflection yielded the following data: Observation, 81/248 paragraphs; Observation and Interpretation, 130/248 paragraphs; and Observation, Interpretation, and Suggestions for change, 36/248 paragraphs; 9 reflection papers contained 27 separate accounts of a transformational experience., Conclusions: This study provided a method for understanding the student's experience that included student's learning about culture, health disparities, and exposure and reaction to a range of diseases actually encountered. The broad diversity of themes among students indicated that the GCE provided a flexible, personalized experience. How we might design a curriculum to facilitate transformational learning experiences needs further research., (Copyright © 2017 Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. The Besrour Papers: Seeking evidence for family medicine.
- Author
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Ponka D
- Subjects
- Humans, Evidence-Based Medicine, Family Practice methods, Global Health, Primary Health Care methods
- Abstract
not available.
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. Family medicine around the world: overview by region: The Besrour Papers: a series on the state of family medicine in the world.
- Author
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Arya N, Gibson C, Ponka D, Haq C, Hansel S, Dahlman B, and Rouleau K
- Subjects
- Family Practice organization & administration, Health Priorities, Health Services Needs and Demand, Humans, Primary Health Care organization & administration, Family Practice education, Global Health trends, Physicians, Family education
- Abstract
Objective: To demonstrate how family medicine has been recognized and integrated into primary health care systems in contrasting contexts around the world and to provide an overview of how family physicians are trained and certified., Composition of the Committee: Since 2012, the College of Family Physicians of Canada has hosted the Besrour Conferences to reflect on its role in advancing the discipline of family medicine globally. The Besrour Papers Working Group, which was struck at the 2013 conference, was tasked with developing a series of papers to highlight the key issues, lessons learned, and outcomes emerging from the various activities of the Besrour collaboration. The working group comprised members of various academic departments of family medicine in Canada and abroad who attended the conferences., Methods: An initial search was conducted in PubMed using a family medicine hedge of MeSH terms, text words, and family medicine journals, combined with text words and terms representing low- and middle-income countries and the concept of family medicine training programs. A second search was completed using only family medicine terms in the CAB Direct and World Bank databases. Subsequent PubMed searches were conducted to identify articles about specific conditions or services based on suggestions from the authors of the articles selected from the second search. Additional articles were identified through reference lists of key articles and through Google searches. We then attempted to verify and augment the information through colleagues and partners., Report: The scope of family medicine and the nature of family medicine training vary considerably worldwide. Challenges include limited capacity, incomplete understanding of roles, and variability of standards and recognition. Opportunities for advancement might include technology, collaboration, changes in pedagogy, flexible training methods, and system-wide support., (Copyright© the College of Family Physicians of Canada.)
- Published
- 2017
11. Approaching a global definition of family medicine: The Besrour Papers: a series on the state of family medicine in the world.
- Author
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Gibson C, Arya N, Ponka D, Rouleau K, and Woollard R
- Subjects
- Health Services Needs and Demand, Humans, Social Responsibility, Family Practice, Global Health
- Abstract
Objective: To find a common global definition of family medicine ., Composition of the Committee: Since 2012, the College of Family Physicians of Canada has hosted the Besrour Conferences to reflect on its role in advancing the discipline of family medicine globally. The Besrour Papers Working Group, which was struck at the 2013 conference, was tasked with developing a series of papers to highlight the key issues, lessons learned, and outcomes emerging from the various activities of the Besrour collaboration. The working group comprised members of various academic departments of family medicine in Canada and abroad who attended the conferences., Methods: Searching both definition of family medicine and history of family medicine yields a variety of defining features. Visiting family medicine training programs worldwide highlights this discrepancy., Report: It is not an easy task to define family medicine -one of its key attributes is its adaptability to a local context, but this makes aggregation of data challenging. There is a lack of clarity regarding whether family medicine is the same discipline globally and what the core features are that define it. Unifying components of the definition have always included comprehensive care at all life stages and the management of the common illnesses of a particular community. The emerging global emphasis on competency and social accountability demonstrates commitment to the principle that family doctors provide health care for all in the context of the community. Although the competencies are not universal, the fact that family physicians fill in primary care "gaps" and tailor learning strategies to community priorities is a unifying distinction. We argue for a focus on the core competencies that bind us as a discipline., Conclusion: Family medicine can be practised in various forms. The unifying elements are the socially accountable responsiveness to local need, the adaptation of existing health infrastructure, and the ongoing development of the skills required to succeed in that role-always grounded in relationships of care. In this way, family medicine will continue to evolve to suit the health needs of communities and health systems., (Copyright© the College of Family Physicians of Canada.)
- Published
- 2016
12. Current perspectives on Coronavirus 2019 (COVID‐19) and cardiovascular disease: A white paper by the JAHA editors
- Author
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Gupta, Ajay K, Jneid, Hani, Addison, Daniel, Ardehali, Hossein, Boehme, Amelia K, Borgaonkar, Sanket, Boulestreau, Romain, Clerkin, Kevin, Delarche, Nicolas, DeVon, Holli A, Grumbach, Isabella M, Gutierrez, Jose, Jones, Daniel A, Kapil, Vikas, Maniero, Carmela, Mentias, Amgad, Miller, Pamela S, Ng, Sher May, Parekh, Jai D, Sanchez, Reynaldo H, Sawicki, Konrad Teodor, Riele, Anneline SJM te, Remme, Carol Ann, and London, Barry
- Subjects
Cardiovascular ,Infectious Diseases ,Emerging Infectious Diseases ,Infection ,Good Health and Well Being ,Betacoronavirus ,COVID-19 ,Cardiovascular Diseases ,Comorbidity ,Coronavirus Infections ,Global Health ,Humans ,Incidence ,Pandemics ,Pneumonia ,Viral ,SARS-CoV-2 ,cardiovascular disease ,cardiovascular risk factors ,coronavirus disease 2019 ,management ,treatment ,COVID‐19 ,SARS‐CoV‐2 ,Cardiorespiratory Medicine and Haematology - Abstract
Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has infected more than 3.0 million people worldwide and killed more than 200,000 as of April 27, 2020. In this White Paper, we address the cardiovascular co-morbidities of COVID-19 infection; the diagnosis and treatment of standard cardiovascular conditions during the pandemic; and the diagnosis and treatment of the cardiovascular consequences of COVID-19 infection. In addition, we will also address various issues related to the safety of healthcare workers and the ethical issues related to patient care in this pandemic.
- Published
- 2020
13. Current Perspectives on Coronavirus Disease 2019 and Cardiovascular Disease: A White Paper by the JAHA Editors.
- Author
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Gupta, Ajay K, Jneid, Hani, Addison, Daniel, Ardehali, Hossein, Boehme, Amelia K, Borgaonkar, Sanket, Boulestreau, Romain, Clerkin, Kevin, Delarche, Nicolas, DeVon, Holli A, Grumbach, Isabella M, Gutierrez, Jose, Jones, Daniel A, Kapil, Vikas, Maniero, Carmela, Mentias, Amgad, Miller, Pamela S, Ng, Sher May, Parekh, Jai D, Sanchez, Reynaldo H, Sawicki, Konrad Teodor, Te Riele, Anneline SJM, Remme, Carol Ann, and London, Barry
- Subjects
Humans ,Pneumonia ,Viral ,Coronavirus Infections ,Cardiovascular Diseases ,Incidence ,Comorbidity ,Pandemics ,Global Health ,Betacoronavirus ,COVID-19 ,SARS-CoV-2 ,COVID‐19 ,SARS‐CoV‐2 ,cardiovascular disease ,cardiovascular risk factors ,coronavirus disease 2019 ,management ,treatment ,Pneumonia ,Viral ,Cardiorespiratory Medicine and Haematology - Abstract
Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has infected more than 3.0 million people worldwide and killed more than 200,000 as of April 27, 2020. In this White Paper, we address the cardiovascular co-morbidities of COVID-19 infection; the diagnosis and treatment of standard cardiovascular conditions during the pandemic; and the diagnosis and treatment of the cardiovascular consequences of COVID-19 infection. In addition, we will also address various issues related to the safety of healthcare workers and the ethical issues related to patient care in this pandemic.
- Published
- 2020
14. What makes an eLife paper in epidemiology and global health?
- Author
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Jit M, Franco E, and Jha P
- Subjects
- Animals, Humans, Communicable Disease Control methods, Communicable Diseases epidemiology, Editorial Policies, Global Health, Publishing
- Abstract
The best papers provide evidence that can be used to make changes that improve the health and lives of people around the world.
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. Developing the evidentiary basis for family medicine in the global context: The Besrour Papers: a series on the state of family medicine in the world.
- Author
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Ponka D, Rouleau K, Arya N, Redwood-Campbell L, Woollard R, Siedlecki B, and Dunikowski L
- Subjects
- Canada, Congresses as Topic, Health Priorities, Humans, International Cooperation, Family Practice education, Global Health trends, Physicians, Family education
- Abstract
Objective: To provide an overview of the main methodologic challenges to finding definitive evidence of the positive effects of family medicine and family medicine training on a global scale., Composition of the Committee: In 2012, 2013, and 2014, the College of Family Physicians of Canada hosted the Besrour Conferences to reflect on its role in advancing the discipline of family medicine globally. The Besrour Papers Working Group, which was struck at the 2013 conference, was tasked with developing a series of papers to highlight the key issues, lessons learned, and outcomes emerging from the various activities of the Besrour collaboration. The working group comprised members of various academic departments of family medicine in Canada and abroad who attended the conferences., Methods: We performed a scoping review to determine the methodologic obstacles to understanding the positive effects of family medicine globally., Report: The main obstacle to evaluating family medicine globally is that one of its core dimensions and assets is its local adaptability. Family medicine takes on very different roles in different health systems, making aggregation of data difficult. In many countries family medicine competes with other disciplines rather than performing a gatekeeping role. Further, most research that has been conducted thus far comes from industrialized contexts, and patient continuity and its benefits might not be achievable in the short term in developing countries when clinical demands are great. We must find frameworks to permit strengthening the evidentiary basis of the discipline across different contexts without sacrificing its beneficial adaptability., Conclusion: We believe that developing family medicine and its attributes is one of the keys to achieving global health. These attributes—including its comprehensiveness, adaptability, and attention to both local and patient needs—are key to advancing global health priorities, but make common evaluative frameworks for the discipline a challenge. The spread of family medicine over the past decades is indirect evidence of its utility, but we need to generate more evidence. We present some of the initial challenges to a broader and more rigorous evaluative framework.
- Published
- 2015
16. Health and sustainable development: a call for papers.
- Author
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Horton R and Mullan Z
- Subjects
- Humans, Research, Conservation of Natural Resources, Global Health, Social Planning
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. Blue marble health: a call for papers.
- Author
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Hotez PJ and Peiperl L
- Subjects
- Communicable Diseases economics, Communicable Diseases epidemiology, Health Policy, Humans, Neglected Diseases economics, Neglected Diseases epidemiology, Socioeconomic Factors, Communicable Disease Control economics, Global Health, Neglected Diseases prevention & control, Periodicals as Topic
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) Vaccination Position Paper – July 2013.
- Subjects
- Age Factors, Child, Preschool, Cost-Benefit Analysis, Haemophilus Infections diagnosis, Haemophilus Infections drug therapy, Haemophilus Infections epidemiology, Haemophilus Vaccines adverse effects, Haemophilus Vaccines economics, Humans, Immunization Schedule, Infant, World Health Organization, Global Health, Haemophilus Infections prevention & control, Haemophilus Vaccines therapeutic use, Haemophilus influenzae type b immunology, Mass Vaccination economics
- Published
- 2013
19. World Health Organization 2006 child growth standards and 2007 growth reference charts: A discussion paper by the committee on Nutrition of the European Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition.
- Author
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Turck D, Michaelsen KF, Shamir R, Braegger C, Campoy C, Colomb V, Decsi T, Domellöf M, Fewtrell M, Kolacek S, Mihatsch W, Moreno LA, and van Goudoever J
- Subjects
- Breast Feeding, Child, Child, Preschool, Europe, Humans, Infant, Reference Standards, Body Height, Global Health, Growth, Nutritional Status, World Health Organization
- Abstract
Growth charts are essential for evaluating children's health including their nutrition; however, the evaluation of child growth trajectories and consequently the decision to intervene are highly dependent on the growth charts used. The aim of this discussion paper of the European Society for Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition Committee on Nutrition is to provide information on the background and rationale of the World Health Organization (WHO) 2006 child growth standards and WHO 2007 growth reference charts, describe their development, outline their main innovative aspects, discuss potential limitations, and make recommendations. WHO 2006 child growth standards (0-5 years) are based on prospectively collected data describing the growth of healthy infants who were breast-fed according to WHO recommendations, showing a pattern of linear growth, which is remarkably consistent between different countries and ethnic groups. WHO 2007 growth reference charts (5-19 years) are based mainly on a re-analysis of National Centre for Health Statistics data from 1977, without information on feeding. European Society for Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition Committee on Nutrition recommends that WHO child growth standards should be used to monitor growth in all children in the age range 0 to 2 years in Europe, whether breast- or formula-fed, and that they should be considered to be used in the age range 2 to 5 years. Implementation of the WHO child growth standards should be preceded by evaluation of the implication of their use on national healthcare policies. Health professionals should be guided on their use and interpretation and an adequate communication strategy should be available locally to ensure that parents receive clear and consistent advice. The decision on whether to implement the WHO growth references (5-19 years) should be made by national bodies because the growth pattern during the 5- to 19-year period differs between populations.
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. BRICS and global health: a call for papers.
- Author
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Zurn P, Romisch-Diouf MA, Acharya S, Barber SL, Menabde N, Migliorini L, Molina J, and O'Leary MJ
- Subjects
- Brazil, China, Cooperative Behavior, Delivery of Health Care, Health Status Disparities, India, Periodicals as Topic, Russia, South Africa, Global Health, Publishing, Writing
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. Influenza in the 21st century: a call for papers.
- Author
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Nguyen T, Rashford A, and Penn CR
- Subjects
- Humans, Influenza Vaccines administration & dosage, Influenza, Human prevention & control, Global Health, Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype, Influenza, Human epidemiology
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. Commentary on the World Kidney Committee's position paper on hypertension and kidney disease.
- Author
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Moser M
- Subjects
- Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Antihypertensive Agents therapeutic use, Attitude of Health Personnel, Female, Humans, Hypertension diagnosis, Hypertension epidemiology, Male, Physician's Role, Societies, Medical organization & administration, Global Health, Health Education organization & administration, Hypertension drug therapy, Kidney Failure, Chronic prevention & control
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. International planning of organization for medical care. From Health Care for the Community: Selected Papers of Dr. John B. Grant, 1963.
- Author
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Seipp C
- Subjects
- Humans, Delivery of Health Care organization & administration, Global Health, Health Planning, International Cooperation
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. Reaching the targets for TB control: call for papers.
- Author
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Blanc L and Martinez L
- Subjects
- Humans, Organizational Objectives, World Health Organization, Communicable Disease Control organization & administration, Global Health, Internationality, Tuberculosis prevention & control
- Published
- 2006
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. Position paper on primary care.
- Author
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Kaufman A
- Subjects
- Humans, Global Health, Primary Health Care standards
- Published
- 2004
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. Developing family practice to respond to global health challenges: The Besrour Papers: a series on the state of family medicine in the world.
- Author
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Arya, Neil, Dahlman, Bruce, Gibson, Christine, Ponka, David, Haq, Cynthia, Rouleau, Katherine, and Hansel, Stephanie
- Subjects
Africa South of the Sahara ,Capacity Building ,Cuba ,Delivery of Health Care ,Integrated ,Family Practice ,Global Health ,Health Services Accessibility ,Humans ,Poverty ,Primary Health Care - Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To assess family medicines role in developing strong, coordinated, community-based, integrated health care systems in low-resource settings globally. COMPOSITION OF THE COMMITTEE: A subgroup of the Besrour Centre of the College of Family Physicians of Canada developed connections with selected international colleagues with expertise in international family medicine practice, health systems and capacity building, and teaching to map family medicine globally and give a birds eye view of family medicine internationally. METHODS: Following a background literature review, the authors collectively reflected on their substantial international experience to attempt to describe best practices for various contexts. REPORT: With the failure of vertical, disease-oriented models to provide sustained improvements in health outcomes, the need to develop integrated primary care involving the most appropriate health professionals for differing contexts is becoming apparent worldwide. Health system planning is required to develop policies on health professional training to achieve this. Advocating and offering appropriate incentives for, and coordination of, local opportunities within the health system also becomes paramount. The adaptability and generalist nature of family medicine allows it to respond to the unique needs of a given population. Family physicians with adequate financial and physical resources can function most effectively as members of interdisciplinary teams, thus providing valuable, comprehensive health services in any area of the world.
- Published
- 2017
27. Poverty reduction strategy papers.
- Author
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Verheul E and Rowson M
- Subjects
- Humans, Developing Countries economics, Global Health, International Cooperation, Poverty
- Published
- 2001
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. Global Programme for Vaccines and Immunization (GPV). The WHO position paper on Haemophilus influenzae type b conjugate vaccines.
- Subjects
- Child, Preschool, Humans, Infant, Meningitis, Haemophilus epidemiology, Meningitis, Haemophilus prevention & control, Pneumonia, Bacterial epidemiology, Pneumonia, Bacterial prevention & control, World Health Organization, Global Health, Haemophilus influenzae type b physiology, Immunization Programs organization & administration, Influenza Vaccines therapeutic use
- Published
- 1998
29. Dogma and innovation in the global control of tuberculosis: discussion paper.
- Author
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Grange JM and Stanford JL
- Subjects
- Anti-Bacterial Agents therapeutic use, Attitude to Health, BCG Vaccine therapeutic use, Diffusion of Innovation, Humans, Immunity, Innate, Technology, Pharmaceutical, Global Health, Tuberculosis prevention & control
- Published
- 1994
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. Update on bone health: the International Menopause Society White Paper 2021
- Author
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Steven R. Goldstein and T. J. de Villiers
- Subjects
Gerontology ,Population ageing ,business.industry ,Osteoporosis ,Obstetrics and Gynecology ,General Medicine ,medicine.disease ,Bone health ,Menopause ,White paper ,Bone Density ,Intervention (counseling) ,Sarcopenia ,medicine ,Global health ,Humans ,business ,Aged - Abstract
Osteoporosis and associated fractures present a major challenge in improving global health outcomes. Key clinical aspects are the definition of osteoporosis and associated fractures, fracture risk prediction, stratification of risk of fracture, intervention thresholds and the most appropriate intervention based on integration of aforementioned. Correct understanding and application of these concepts are essential to stem the increasing tide of fragility fractures associated with an aging population. The role of muscle strength and function, sarcopenia, and the newly emerging concept of osteosarcopenia in maintaining bone health are discussed in detail.
- Published
- 2021
31. The management of surgical patients in the emergency setting during COVID-19 pandemic: the WSES position paper
- Author
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Ari Leppanemi, Belinda De Simone, Leonardo Pagani, Edoardo Picetti, Emmanouil Pikoulis, Fausto Catena, Salomone Di Saverio, Elie Chouillard, Gian Luca Baiocchi, A. B. Peitzmann, Federico Coccolini, Luca Ansaloni, Yoram Kluger, Gustavo Pereira Fraga, Walter L. Biffl, Massimo Sartelli, Massimo Valentino, Ernest E. Moore, Fikri M. Abu-Zidan, and Ciro Paolillo
- Subjects
Infectious Disease Transmission, Patient-to-Professional ,Isolation (health care) ,Non operative management ,MEDLINE ,lcsh:Surgery ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,Global Health ,Open surgery ,Perioperative Care ,03 medical and health sciences ,Postoperative care ,0302 clinical medicine ,COVID-19 Testing ,Personal protective equipment ,Health care ,Medicine ,Humans ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Pandemics ,Infection Control ,Pandemic ,business.industry ,SARS-CoV-2 ,Follow-up ,lcsh:Medical emergencies. Critical care. Intensive care. First aid ,COVID-19 ,Emergency department ,lcsh:RD1-811 ,lcsh:RC86-88.9 ,medicine.disease ,Trauma surgery ,Mass-casualty incident ,Surgical Procedures, Operative ,2019-nCoV ,Emergency Medicine ,Emergency surgery ,Laparoscopy ,Screening ,Position paper ,Surgery ,Medical emergency ,Emergencies ,business ,Research Article - Abstract
Background Since the COVID-19 pandemic has occurred, nations showed their unpreparedness to deal with a mass casualty incident of this proportion and severity, which resulted in a tremendous number of deaths even among healthcare workers. The World Society of Emergency Surgery conceived this position paper with the purpose of providing evidence-based recommendations for the management of emergency surgical patients under COVID-19 pandemic for the safety of the patient and healthcare workers. Method A systematic review was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols (PRISMA-P) through the MEDLINE (PubMed), Embase and SCOPUS databases. Synthesis of evidence, statements and recommendations were developed in accordance with the GRADE methodology. Results Given the limitation of the evidence, the current document represents an effort to join selected high-quality articles and experts’ opinion. Conclusions The aim of this position paper is to provide an exhaustive guidelines to perform emergency surgery in a safe and protected environment for surgical patients and for healthcare workers under COVID-19 and to offer the best management of COVID-19 patients needing for an emergency surgical treatment. We recommend screening for COVID-19 infection at the emergency department all acute surgical patients who are waiting for hospital admission and urgent surgery. The screening work-up provides a RT-PCR nasopharyngeal swab test and a baseline (non-contrast) chest CT or a chest X-ray or a lungs US, depending on skills and availability. If the COVID-19 screening is not completed we recommend keeping the patient in isolation until RT-PCR swab test result is not available, and to manage him/she such as an overt COVID patient. The management of COVID-19 surgical patients is multidisciplinary. If an immediate surgical procedure is mandatory, whether laparoscopic or via open approach, we recommend doing every effort to protect the operating room staff for the safety of the patient.
- Published
- 2021
32. Global cancer statistics 2022: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries.
- Author
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Bray F, Laversanne M, Sung H, Ferlay J, Siegel RL, Soerjomataram I, and Jemal A
- Subjects
- Humans, Male, Female, Incidence, Adult, Middle Aged, Aged, Child, Adolescent, Child, Preschool, Infant, Young Adult, Sex Distribution, Infant, Newborn, Aged, 80 and over, Neoplasms epidemiology, Neoplasms mortality, Global Health statistics & numerical data
- Abstract
This article presents global cancer statistics by world region for the year 2022 based on updated estimates from the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC). There were close to 20 million new cases of cancer in the year 2022 (including nonmelanoma skin cancers [NMSCs]) alongside 9.7 million deaths from cancer (including NMSC). The estimates suggest that approximately one in five men or women develop cancer in a lifetime, whereas around one in nine men and one in 12 women die from it. Lung cancer was the most frequently diagnosed cancer in 2022, responsible for almost 2.5 million new cases, or one in eight cancers worldwide (12.4% of all cancers globally), followed by cancers of the female breast (11.6%), colorectum (9.6%), prostate (7.3%), and stomach (4.9%). Lung cancer was also the leading cause of cancer death, with an estimated 1.8 million deaths (18.7%), followed by colorectal (9.3%), liver (7.8%), female breast (6.9%), and stomach (6.8%) cancers. Breast cancer and lung cancer were the most frequent cancers in women and men, respectively (both cases and deaths). Incidence rates (including NMSC) varied from four-fold to five-fold across world regions, from over 500 in Australia/New Zealand (507.9 per 100,000) to under 100 in Western Africa (97.1 per 100,000) among men, and from over 400 in Australia/New Zealand (410.5 per 100,000) to close to 100 in South-Central Asia (103.3 per 100,000) among women. The authors examine the geographic variability across 20 world regions for the 10 leading cancer types, discussing recent trends, the underlying determinants, and the prospects for global cancer prevention and control. With demographics-based predictions indicating that the number of new cases of cancer will reach 35 million by 2050, investments in prevention, including the targeting of key risk factors for cancer (including smoking, overweight and obesity, and infection), could avert millions of future cancer diagnoses and save many lives worldwide, bringing huge economic as well as societal dividends to countries over the forthcoming decades., (© 2024 The Authors. CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Cancer Society.)
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- 2024
- Full Text
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33. Reducing antibiotic prescribing and addressing the global problem of antibiotic resistance by targeted hygiene in the home and everyday life settings: A position paper
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Charles P. Gerba, Sumanth Gandra, Sabiha Y. Essack, Sally F. Bloomfield, Patrice Courvalin, Jean-Yves Maillard, Elizabeth Scott, and Joseph R. Rubino
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Sanitation ,Epidemiology ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Context (language use) ,Global Health ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Nursing ,Hygiene ,Drug Resistance, Bacterial ,Health care ,Global health ,Humans ,Medicine ,Infection control ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Everyday life ,Prescription Drug Overuse ,media_common ,0303 health sciences ,030306 microbiology ,business.industry ,Health Policy ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Bacterial Infections ,Anti-Bacterial Agents ,Infectious Diseases ,Position paper ,business - Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) continues to threaten global health. Although global and national AMR action plans are in place, infection prevention and control is primarily discussed in the context of healthcare facilities with home and everyday life settings barely addressed.\ud \ud As seen with the recent global SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, everyday hygiene measures can play an important role in containing the threat from infectious microorganisms.\ud \ud This position paper has been developed following a meeting of global experts in London, 2019. It presents evidence that home and community settings are important for infection transmission and also the acquisition and spread of AMR. It also demonstrates that the targeted hygiene approach offers a framework for maximizing protection against colonization and infections, thereby reducing antibiotic prescribing and minimizing selection pressure for the development of antibiotic resistance. If combined with the provision of clean water and sanitation, targeted hygiene can reduce the circulation of resistant bacteria in homes and communities, regardless of a country's Human Development Index (overall social and economic development). Achieving a reduction of AMR strains in healthcare settings requires a mirrored reduction in the community.\ud \ud The authors call upon national and international policy makers, health agencies and healthcare professionals to further recognize the importance of targeted hygiene in the home and everyday life settings for preventing and controlling infection, in a unified quest to tackle AMR.
- Published
- 2020
34. Make science evolve into a One Health approach to improve health and security: a white paper
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Osterhaus, Albert D M E, Vanlangendonck, Chris, Barbeschi, Maurizio, Bruschke, Christianne J M, Christensen, Renee, Daszak, Peter, de Groot, Frouke, Doherty, Peter, Drury, Patrick, Gmacz, Sabri, Hamilton, Keith, Hart, John, Katz, Rebecca, Longuet, Christophe, McLeay, Jesse, Morelli, Gaetano, Schlundt, Joergen, Smith, Trevor, Suri, Sameera, Umali, Khristeen, van Aken, Jan, Wagenaar, Jaap A, Bedrijfsvoering, LS GZ Landbouwhuisdieren, Klinische infectiologie en microb. lab., dI&I I&I-4, Bedrijfsvoering, LS GZ Landbouwhuisdieren, Klinische infectiologie en microb. lab., and dI&I I&I-4
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,medicine.medical_specialty ,040301 veterinary sciences ,Ecology (disciplines) ,030106 microbiology ,education ,MEDLINE ,Review ,0403 veterinary science ,03 medical and health sciences ,White paper ,Political science ,Global health ,medicine ,health care economics and organizations ,lcsh:Environmental sciences ,lcsh:GE1-350 ,Government ,business.industry ,Public health ,lcsh:Public aspects of medicine ,lcsh:RA1-1270 ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,Public relations ,Food safety ,One Health ,business - Abstract
The World One Health Congresses are biennial gatherings of approximately 1500 professionals from relevant international organisations, OIE, FAO, WHO, World Bank, leading scientific experts and researchers in the field of One Health, animal production and trade, food safety, animal health, human health and environmentology/ecology, government representatives in public health, human health, food safety, environmental health and global health security. The Congress is organized by the One Health Platform.This white paper summarizes highlights of the 5th International One Health Congress in Saskatoon, Canada, June 2018 and serves as a roadmap for the future, detailing several concrete action points to be carried out in the run-up to the 6th World One Health Congress in Edinburgh, Scotland, June 2020.
- Published
- 2020
35. Is my paper relevant for an international audience?
- Author
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Fernando Fernandez-Llimos
- Subjects
internationality ,global health ,writing ,publishing ,biomedical research ,research design ,peer review research ,quality control ,editorial policies ,periodicals as topic ,Therapeutics. Pharmacology ,RM1-950 ,Pharmacy and materia medica ,RS1-441 - Abstract
This is the first question one should consider before submitting a paper to an international journal. The answer is simple: If researchers or practitioners from another country can learn something from your paper that can influence a practice or a research they are involved in, then your paper is relevant for an international audience. There are many elements that can influence in this cross-border transferability. One could think that having a big “n”, or performing complex statistical calculations, or using complicated study designs makes the paper more attractive to colleagues from other countries. These elements can help, but they are not sufficient. On the other hand, one could think that a study performed in a small hospital in a given country will never be of interest for these foreign colleagues. That is not necessarily correct. Let’s burst some myths.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. Opinion Paper : Importance of global communication to combat global pandemics: Lessons from the HIV Online Provider Education programme: Special Collection: UNAIDS Targets for 2030
- Author
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Airewele, Efeose A., Sunpath, Henry, Moosa, Mahomed-Yunus S., and Gandhi, Rajesh T.
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HIV ,AIDS ,COVID-19 ,COVID ,pandemic ,communication ,collaboration ,global health ,public health - Abstract
In many ways, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic mirrors the challenges, lessons and opportunities of the HIV pandemic. In this article, we argue that global pandemics such as COVID-19 and HIV require a global response. We highlight the HIV Online Provider Education (HOPE) programme as an example of the importance of global communication when combating a pandemic. From both the COVID-19 and HIV pandemics, we have learned that to optimise health worldwide, it is necessary to have effective and efficient means of swiftly sharing experiences, expertise, best practices and guidelines. To prepare for the next public health emergency, clinicians and researchers must put in place and promote effective programmes for global communication.
- Published
- 2023
37. White paper on challenges and opportunities for TB elimination with focus on COVID & Post-COVID era developed through scientific roundtable resolutions at NATCON 2020
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V.K. Arora, Salil Bhargav, Sanjay Rajpal, Manoj Jain, and K.K. Chopra
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Post-Covid ,National Health Programs ,Elimination ,Developing country ,Scientific literature ,Global Health ,Session (web analytics) ,Covid ,03 medical and health sciences ,White paper ,Opportunities ,Correspondence ,Humans ,Medicine ,Challenges ,Epidemics ,Virtual platform ,Tuberculosis, Pulmonary ,0303 health sciences ,Government ,SARS-CoV-2 ,030306 microbiology ,business.industry ,COVID-19 ,Congresses as Topic ,Public relations ,Infectious Diseases ,TB ,business - Abstract
A group of TB experts with vast clinical and epidemiological experience were drawn from a pool of doctors, epidemiologists and scientists participating in NATCON 2020 Conference in a closed-door session to discuss, highlight, and prioritize key resolutions that are most pertinent at present to eliminate TB from India and other developing countries in the Covid and post-COVID era. These Scientific experts were non-industry persons who met on 17th December, 2020 and used the prevailing scientific literature along with 2019 Joint Monitoring Mission document as a starting point of the discussion on this specific topic to build an agreement upon the resolutions. After the meeting on the virtual platform, all the attending doctors gave a set of recommendations on rebuilding TB Elimination programme in the Covid and Post-Covid era. Focused scientific roundtable discussion on rebuilding TB Elimination Post-Covid. Develop actionable recommendations for the scientific community and the government leadership to consider in moving forward. To prioritize the recommendations in the categories of Build-Prevent-Detect-Treat., Highlights • A group of TB experts met during the annual NATCON on 17th December. • The attending doctors gave a set of recommendations on rebuilding TB Elimination programme in the Covid and Post-Covid era. • Resources and notification system used in COVID can be used for active education and surveillance of current cases of TB on treatment & their contacts. • The Governments and private foundations must fast tract and prioritize the development of a TB vaccine by 2022 as an end game for TB disease. • An unequivocal policy of diagnosis, treatment and screening of LTBI in “high risk” groups to be developed for the country. • Clinical trials of re-vaccination of Mantoux negative adult population.
- Published
- 2021
38. Is my paper relevant for an international audience?
- Author
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FERNANDEZ-LLIMOS, Fernando
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AUTHORSHIP ,HOSPITAL pharmacies ,INTERNATIONAL relations ,MEDICAL research ,PROFESSIONAL peer review ,PUBLISHING ,QUALITY control ,RESEARCH evaluation ,SERIAL publications ,WORLD health - Abstract
This is the first question one should consider before submitting a paper to an international journal. The answer is simple: If researchers or practitioners from another country can learn something from your paper that can influence a practice or a research they are involved in, then your paper is relevant for an international audience. There are many elements that can influence in this cross-border transferability. One could think that having a big "n", or performing complex statistical calculations, or using complicated study designs makes the paper more attractive to colleagues from other countries. These elements can help, but they are not sufficient. On the other hand, one could think that a study performed in a small hospital in a given country will never be of interest for these foreign colleagues. That is not necessarily correct. Let's burst some myths. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
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39. Current perspectives on coronavirus disease 2019 and cardiovascular disease: a white paper by the JAHA editors
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Jose Gutierrez, Daniel Addison, Hossein Ardehali, Holli A. DeVon, Carmela Maniero, Reynaldo Sanchez, Hani Jneid, Ajay Gupta, Vikas Kapil, Pamela S. Miller, Nicolas Delarche, Carol Ann Remme, Jai D. Parekh, Amgad Mentias, Anneline S.J.M. te Riele, Romain Boulestreau, Sher May Ng, Konrad T Sawicki, Barry London, Sanket Borgaonkar, Amelia K. Boehme, Kevin J. Clerkin, Isabella M. Grumbach, and Daniel A. Jones
- Subjects
cardiovascular risk factors ,Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems ,Epidemiology ,White Paper ,Disease ,Comorbidity ,Cardiorespiratory Medicine and Haematology ,Global Health ,ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME ,THERAPY ,SARS‐CoV‐2 ,White paper ,RESPIRATORY SYNDROME ,Risk Factors ,cardiovascular disease ,Health care ,Pandemic ,Global health ,Viral ,1102 Cardiorespiratory Medicine and Haematology ,treatment ,Incidence (epidemiology) ,Incidence ,INVASIVE STRATEGY ,C-REACTIVE PROTEIN ,Cardiovascular Diseases ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,Coronavirus Infections ,Life Sciences & Biomedicine ,management ,medicine.medical_specialty ,ACUTE MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION ,Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ,Pneumonia, Viral ,AMERICAN-COLLEGE ,EXTRACORPOREAL MEMBRANE-OXYGENATION ,coronavirus disease 2019 ,Betacoronavirus ,COVID‐19 ,medicine ,Humans ,ASSOCIATION TASK-FORCE ,Intensive care medicine ,Pandemics ,Science & Technology ,business.industry ,SARS-CoV-2 ,COVID-19 ,Pneumonia ,medicine.disease ,White Papers ,Cardiovascular System & Cardiology ,business - Abstract
Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID‐19) has infected more than 3.0 million people worldwide and killed more than 200,000 as of April 27, 2020. In this White Paper, we address the cardiovascular co‐morbidities of COVID‐19 infection; the diagnosis and treatment of standard cardiovascular conditions during the pandemic; and the diagnosis and treatment of the cardiovascular consequences of COVID‐19 infection. In addition, we will also address various issues related to the safety of healthcare workers and the ethical issues related to patient care in this pandemic.
- Published
- 2020
40. Chiropractic in Global Health and wellbeing: a white paper describing the public health agenda of the World Federation of Chiropractic
- Author
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Sarkaw Mohammad, Christopher Cassirer, Kendrah DaSilva, Richard Brown, Michele Maiers, Reidar P. Lystad, Mustafa Hulisi Ağaoğlu, and Jessica J. Wong
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,lcsh:Diseases of the musculoskeletal system ,Health Personnel ,Information Dissemination ,Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation ,Health Promotion ,Opioid ,Global Health ,World Health Organization ,children’s health ,World health ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,White paper ,Nursing ,women’s health ,Global health ,medicine ,Musculoskeletal health ,Humans ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Public health ,business.industry ,lcsh:Chiropractic ,Chiropractic ,Ageing ,Health promotion ,Complementary and alternative medicine ,lcsh:RZ201-275 ,Commentary ,Chiropractics ,lcsh:RC925-935 ,business ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
The World Federation of Chiropractic supports the involvement of chiropractors in public health initiatives, particularly as it relates to musculoskeletal health. Three topics within public health have been identified that call for a renewed professional focus. These include healthy ageing; opioid misuse; and women’s, children’s, and adolescents’ health. The World Federation of Chiropractic aims to enable chiropractors to proactively participate in health promotion and prevention activities in these areas, through information dissemination and coordinated partnerships. Importantly, this work will align the chiropractic profession with the priorities of the World Health Organization. Successful engagement will support the role of chiropractors as valued partners within the broader healthcare system and contribute to the health and wellbeing of the communities they serve.
- Published
- 2018
41. Student Reflection Papers on a Global Clinical Experience: A Qualitative Study
- Author
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Mark J. Graham, Carmi Z. Margolis, Jennifer Fleischer, Janet P. Hafler, Robert M. Rohrbaugh, Anne Kellett, and Luisa Tsang
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Students, Medical ,international health ,020205 medical informatics ,Student engagement ,02 engineering and technology ,Infectious and parasitic diseases ,RC109-216 ,Global Health ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,Humans ,Learning ,Medicine ,medical student education ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Curriculum ,global health education ,Medical education ,business.industry ,International health ,General Medicine ,Health equity ,Transformative learning ,reflection papers ,Transformational leadership ,Clinical Competence ,Paragraph ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 ,business ,qualitative research ,Qualitative research - Abstract
Background Many of the 70,000 graduating US medical students [per year] have reported participating in a global health activity at some stage of medical school. This case study design provided a method for understanding the student's experience that included student’s learning about culture, health disparities, exposure and reaction to a range of diseases actually encountered. The broad diversity of themes among students indicated that the GCE provided a flexible, personalized experience. We need to understand the student’s experience in order to help design appropriate curricular experiences [and valid student assessment]. Objective Our research aim was to analyze medical student reflection papers to understand how they viewed their Global Clinical Experience (GCE). Methods A qualitative case study design was used to analyze student reflection papers. All 28 students who participated in a GCE from 2008-2010 and in 2014-2015 and submitted a reflection paper on completion of the GCE were eligible to participate in the study. One student did not submit a reflection paper and was not included in the study. Findings All 27 papers were coded by paragraph for reflection and for themes. System of Care/Range of Care was mentioned most often, Aids to Adjustment Process was mentioned least. The theme, “Diseases,” referred to any mention of a disease in the reflection papers, and 44 diseases were mentioned in the papers. The analysis for depth of reflection yielded the following data: Observation, 81/248 paragraphs; Observation and Interpretation, 130/248 paragraphs; and Observation, Interpretation, and Suggestions for change, 36/248 paragraphs; 9 reflection papers contained 27 separate accounts of a transformational experience. Conclusions This study provided a method for understanding the student's experience that included student’s learning about culture, health disparities, and exposure and reaction to a range of diseases actually encountered. The broad diversity of themes among students indicated that the GCE provided a flexible, personalized experience. How we might design a curriculum to facilitate transformational learning experiences needs further research.
- Published
- 2017
42. White Paper: Open Digital Health – accelerating transparent and scalable health promotion and treatment
- Author
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Dominika Kwasnicka, Jan Keller, Olga Perski, Sebastian Potthoff, Gill A. ten Hoor, Ben Ainsworth, Rik Crutzen, Simone Dohle, Anne van Dongen, Matti Heino, Julia F. Henrich, Liam Knox, Laura M. König, Wendy Maltinsky, Claire McCallum, Judith Nalukwago, Efrat Neter, Johanna Nurmi, Manuel Spitschan, Samantha B. Van Beurden, L. Nynke Van der Laan, Kathrin Wunsch, Jasper J. J. Levink, Robbert Sanderman, Academic Disciplines of the Faculty of Social Sciences, Doctoral Programme in Social Sciences, Research Group of Nelli Hankonen, Center for Population, Health and Society, Social Psychology, Section Applied Social Psychology, RS: FPN WSP II, Health promotion, RS: CAPHRI - R6 - Promoting Health & Personalised Care, Psychology, Health & Technology, TechMed Centre, Language, Communication and Cognition, Clinical Psychology and Experimental Psychopathology, and Health Psychology Research (HPR)
- Subjects
SMART ,treatment ,BEHAVIOR-CHANGE ,UT-Hybrid-D ,COVID-19 ,healthcare ,Health Promotion ,APPS ,Global Health ,3142 Public health care science, environmental and occupational health ,B800 ,B900 ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Clinical Psychology ,mHealth ,open science ,technology ,Humans ,Open Digital Health ,100 Philosophie und Psychologie::150 Psychologie::150 Psychologie ,Pandemics ,ddc:800 ,Literature & rhetoric ,INTERVENTIONS - Abstract
In this White Paper, we outline recommendations from the perspective of health psychology and behavioural science, addressing three research gaps: (1) What methods in the health psychology research toolkit can be best used for developing and evaluating digital health tools? (2) What are the most feasible strategies to reuse digital health tools across populations and settings? (3) What are the main advantages and challenges of sharing (openly publishing) data, code, intervention content and design features of digital health tools? We provide actionable suggestions for researchers joining the continuously growing Open Digital Health movement, poised to revolutionise health psychology research and practice in the coming years. This White Paper is positioned in the current context of the COVID-19 pandemic, exploring how digital health tools have rapidly gained popularity in 2020-2022, when world-wide health promotion and treatment efforts rapidly shifted from face-to-face to remote delivery. This statement is written by the Directors of the not-for-profit Open Digital Health initiative (n = 6), Experts attending the European Health Psychology Society Synergy Expert Meeting (n = 17), and the initiative consultant, following a two-day meeting (19-20th August 2021).
- Published
- 2022
43. Is the Global Food Supply Chain during the COVID-19 Pandemic Resilient? A Review Paper
- Author
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Anthony Pius Bassey, Yasir A. Nasereldin, Yueqing Ji, Mustapha Muhammad Nasiru, Robert Brenya, Ibrahim Elnour Ibrahim, and Fawze Alnadari
- Subjects
business.industry ,digestive, oral, and skin physiology ,05 social sciences ,Distribution (economics) ,Chain (unit) ,Agriculture ,0502 economics and business ,Development economics ,Pandemic ,Food processing ,Global health ,050211 marketing ,Closure (psychology) ,business ,Resilience (network) ,050203 business & management - Abstract
The Coronavirus outbreak has brought a global health emergency with a newfound domestic and international trade disruption such as restrictions on imports and exports of major food commodities, loss of lives, closure of various essential institutions, and the likes. With the spread of COVID-19 around the world, the food and agricultural sector have experienced a negative downturn with an immense labor loss, inadequate distribution of food inputs around the world. Thus, the question arises that to what extent can the food supply chain remain resilient to the effects of the pandemic? And, what are the immediate and lasting resolutions? Importantly, the resilience of the food supply chain is critical to mankind’s survival. In this paper, we highlighted the main challenges faced by the resilience of the global food supply chain. We also present policies and suggestions that focus on mitigating the impact of the pandemic on food production and distribution systems.
- Published
- 2021
44. From presentation to paper: Gender disparities in oncological research
- Author
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Daniela Kolarevic Ivankovic, Rob H.A. Verhoeven, Suthinee Ithimakin, Jorge Barriuso, Antonio Calles, Ivana Bozovic-Spasojevic, Charlotte I. Stroes, Martijn G H van Oijen, Carlos Gomez-Roca, Andrew Furness, Wan-Ling Tan, Willemieke P M Dijksterhuis, H. Laarhoven, Sjoukje F. Oosting, Guided Treatment in Optimal Selected Cancer Patients (GUTS), Graduate School, AGEM - Re-generation and cancer of the digestive system, APH - Methodology, APH - Quality of Care, CCA - Cancer Treatment and Quality of Life, and Oncology
- Subjects
Gender Equity ,Male ,Cancer Research ,medicine.medical_specialty ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Sexism ,Congresses as topic ,Medical Oncology ,GLOBAL HEALTH ,03 medical and health sciences ,Presentation ,0302 clinical medicine ,Global health ,Humans ,sex ,Medicine ,Societies, Medical ,Gender disparity ,media_common ,Clinical Oncology ,Academic career ,research ,MEDICINE ,business.industry ,Research ,WOMEN ,GAP ,SCIENCE ,Congresses as Topic ,medical oncology ,Scholarly Communication ,BIAS ,Oncology ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Family medicine ,Sex ,Female ,INEQUALITY ,business ,Cancer Epidemiology - Abstract
Gender disparities in scientific publications have been identified in oncological research. Oral research presentations at major conferences enhance visibility of presenters. The share of women presenting at such podia is unknown. We aim to identify gender‐based differences in contributions to presentations at two major oncological conferences. Abstracts presented at plenary sessions of the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) Annual Meetings and European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) Congresses were collected. Trend analyses were used to analyze female contribution over time. The association between presenter's sex, study outcome (positive/negative) and journals' impact factors (IFs) of subsequently published papers was assessed using Chi‐square and Mann–Whitney U tests. Of 166 consecutive abstracts presented at ASCO in 2011–2018 (n = 34) and ESMO in 2008–2018 (n = 132), 21% had female presenters, all originating from Northern America (n = 17) or Europe (n = 18). The distribution of presenter's sex was similar over time (p = 0.70). Of 2,425 contributing authors to these presented abstracts, 28% were women. The proportion of female abstract authors increased over time (p, What's new? Presenting one's research at a conference is a great way to get your name and ideas heard within the professional community. In this study, the authors investigated how often women served as presenters at plenary sessions of ASCO Annual Meetings and ESMO Congresses. Looking through 166 abstracts over a period of 8 years, they found that 21% had female presenters, while 28% of study authors were female. Lack of visibility for female researchers at conferences can slow their career progress, and greater representation should be encouraged.
- Published
- 2020
45. Foldscope: Origami-Based Paper Microscope.
- Author
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Cybulski, James S., Clements, James, and Prakash, Manu
- Subjects
- *
ORIGAMI , *PAPER , *MANUFACTURED products , *LARGE scale systems , *FLUORESCENCE microscopy , *COST effectiveness - Abstract
Here we describe an ultra-low-cost origami-based approach for large-scale manufacturing of microscopes, specifically demonstrating brightfield, darkfield, and fluorescence microscopes. Merging principles of optical design with origami enables high-volume fabrication of microscopes from 2D media. Flexure mechanisms created via folding enable a flat compact design. Structural loops in folded paper provide kinematic constraints as a means for passive self-alignment. This light, rugged instrument can survive harsh field conditions while providing a diversity of imaging capabilities, thus serving wide-ranging applications for cost-effective, portable microscopes in science and education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. Paper-Based Analytical Methods for Smartphone Sensing with Functional Nanoparticles: Bridges from Smart Surfaces to Global Health
- Author
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Emine Guler Celik, Suna Timur, and Eda Aydindogan
- Subjects
Paper ,Smart phone ,business.industry ,Chemistry ,Surface Properties ,010401 analytical chemistry ,Lab scale ,02 engineering and technology ,Paper based ,Biosensing Techniques ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Global Health ,01 natural sciences ,Smart surfaces ,0104 chemical sciences ,Analytical Chemistry ,Knowledge flow ,Embedded system ,Humans ,Nanoparticles ,Smartphone ,0210 nano-technology ,business ,Sensing system - Abstract
In this Feature, the most recent developments as well as “pros and cons” in smartphone sensing, which have been developed using various functional nanoparticles in paper-based sensing systems, will be discussed. Additionally, smart phone sensing and POC combination as a potential tool that opens a gate for knowledge flow “from lab scale data to public use” will be evaluated.
- Published
- 2018
47. European Heart Rhythm Association (EHRA) position paper on arrhythmia management and device therapies in endocrine disorders, endorsed by Asia Pacific Heart Rhythm Society (APHRS) and Latin American Heart Rhythm Society (LAHRS)
- Author
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Marc A. Vos, Bulent Gorenek, Thorsten Lewalter, He Huang, Rajiv Mahajan, Elena Sciaraffia, Guilherme Fenelon, Carina Blomström-Lundqvist, Gulmira Kudaiberdieva, Shu Zhang, Juan David Ramirez, Oswaldo Gutiérrez, Laurent Fauchier, Abdel Fuenmayor, Francisco Marín, Tatjana S. Potpara, Maria Grazia Bongiorni, Giuseppe Boriani, Aldo Rinaldi, Gheorge Andrei Dan, Jens Cosedis Nielsen, and Gregory Y.H. Lip
- Subjects
Adrenal insufficiency ,Arrhythmias ,Atrial fibrillation ,Cardiac implantable electronic device ,Catheter ablation ,Diabetes ,EHRA position paper ,Endocrine disorders ,Growth hormone dysfunction ,Hyperaldosteronism ,Hyperthyroidism ,Hypothyroidism ,Implantable cardioverter-defibrillator ,Oral anticoagulation ,Pacemaker ,Parathyroid disease ,Pheochromocytoma ,Stroke ,Thyroid disorders ,Ventricular arrhythmias ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,Physiology (medical) ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Comorbidity ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,Ventricular tachycardia ,Global Health ,0302 clinical medicine ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Evidence-Based Medicine ,Cardiogenic shock ,Prognosis ,cardiovascular system ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Consensus ,Endocrine System Diseases ,Risk Assessment ,03 medical and health sciences ,medicine ,Humans ,cardiovascular diseases ,Intensive care medicine ,business.industry ,Arrhythmias, Cardiac ,Evidence-based medicine ,medicine.disease ,Patient Care Management ,Ventricular fibrillation ,business - Abstract
Endocrine disorders are associated with various tachyarrhythmias, including atrial fibrillation (AF), ventricular tachycardia (VT), ventricular fibrillation (VF), and bradyarrhythmias. Along with underlying arrhythmia substrate, electrolyte disturbances, glucose, and hormone levels, accompanying endocrine disorders contribute to development of arrhythmia. Arrhythmias may be life-threatening, facilitate cardiogenic shock development and increase mortality. The knowledge on the incidence of tachy- and bradyarrhythmias, clinical and prognostic significance as well as their management is limited; it is represented in observational studies and mostly in case reports on management of challenging cases. It should be also emphasized, that the topic is not covered in detail in current guidelines. Therefore, cardiologists and multidisciplinary teams participating in care of such patients do need the evidence-based, or in case of limited evidence expert-opinion based recommendations, how to treat arrhythmias using contemporary approaches, prevent their complications and recurrence in patients with endocrine disorders. In recognizing this close relationship between endocrine disorders and arrhythmias, the European Heart Rhythm Association (EHRA) convened a Task Force, with representation from Asia-Pacific Heart Rhythm Society (APHRS) and Sociedad Latinoamericana de Estimulación Cardíaca y Electrofisiología (SOLAECE), with the remit of comprehensively reviewing the available evidence and publishing a joint consensus document on endocrine disorders and cardiac arrhythmias, and providing up-to-date consensus recommendations for use in clinical practice.
- Published
- 2018
48. Establishing position papers by the WSES
- Author
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Fausto Catena, Luca Ansaloni, Gustavo Pereira Fraga, Jeffry L. Kashuk, Massimo Sartelli, Miklosh Bala, Ari Leppäniemi, Michael Sugrue, Walter L. Biffl, Andrew B. Peitzman, Yoram Kluger, Federico Coccolini, Ernest E. Moore, and Salomone Di Saverio
- Subjects
Working group ,lcsh:Surgery ,Review ,030230 surgery ,Global Health ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Emergency surgery ,Medical ,Credibility ,Medical consensus ,Medicine ,Humans ,Position paper ,Emergency Treatment ,Evidence-Based Medicine ,General Surgery ,Publishing ,Societies, Medical ,business.industry ,lcsh:Medical emergencies. Critical care. Intensive care. First aid ,lcsh:RD1-811 ,lcsh:RC86-88.9 ,Evidence-based medicine ,Public relations ,Expert group ,3. Good health ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Emergency Medicine ,Position (finance) ,Surgery ,Societies ,business - Abstract
A position paper (PP) should establish a unified voice in areas where controversy occurs based upon multiple practices and/or therapeutic choices. Typically, a position paper should elucidate the knowledge gap, followed by an evidence-based review of options, leading to an “endorsed position.” A position paper should represent more than the opinion or consensus of the authors but should present current opinions and practices supported by the World Society of Emergency Surgery (WSES). Accordingly, position papers should require the approval of an expert group of WSES and in parallel be presented at an annual meeting prior to submission for publication. It is important that a unified approach for drafting of position papers be established and endorsed by WSES in order to establish credibility and prevent misunderstandings during a smooth transition to publication. The purpose of this article is to suggest a uniform process for the development of WSES guidelines.
- Published
- 2018
49. Challenges and Opportunities Faced by Biofield Practitioners in Global Health and Medicine: A White Paper
- Author
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Rauni Prittinen King and Erminia Guarneri
- Subjects
Licensure ,Medical education ,medicine.medical_specialty ,education ,business.industry ,Alternative medicine ,Core competency ,General Medicine ,Original Articles ,Interprofessional education ,030205 complementary & alternative medicine ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,White paper ,practitioner ,Energy medicine ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Family medicine ,Health care ,Global health ,medicine ,energy medicine ,business ,profession ,Biofield - Abstract
Biofield therapies (BTs) are increasingly employed in contemporary healthcare. In this white paper, we review specific challenges faced by biofield practitioners resulting from a lack of (1) a common scientific definition of BT; (2) common educational standards for BT training (including core competencies for clinical care); (3) collaborative team care education in complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) and in integrative health and medicine (IHM); (4) a focused agenda in BT research; and (5) standardized devices and scientifically validated mechanisms in biofield research. We present a description of BT and discuss its current status and challenges as an integrative healthcare discipline. To address the challenges cited and to enhance collaboration across disciplines, we propose (1) standardized biofield education that leads to professional licensure and (2) interprofessional education (IPE) competencies in BT training required for licensed healthcare practitioners and encouraged for other practitioners using these therapies. Lastly, we discuss opportunities for growth and a potential strategic agenda to achieve these goals. The Academy of Integrative Health and Medicine (AIHM) provides a unique forum to facilitate development of this emerging discipline, to facilitate IPE, and to further increase the availability of BT to patients.
- Published
- 2015
50. (In)Visible Disease:Motions and Emotions Engendered by Papers and Diagnostics of People Accessing Healthcare in Burkina Faso
- Author
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Pia Juul Bjertrup
- Subjects
Medicine (General) ,Referral ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Context (language use) ,Disease ,GN1-890 ,Faculty of Social Sciences ,Documents ,access to healthcare ,R5-920 ,Health care ,diagnostics ,Global health ,medicine ,burkina faso ,Sociology ,Diagnostics ,media_common ,Disappointment ,business.industry ,Burkino Faso ,visibility ,Ambiguity ,Access to healthcare ,Public relations ,Layperson ,Anthropology ,Visibility ,medicine.symptom ,business ,documents - Abstract
Within the last decade, challenges of diagnosis have emerged on the global health agenda, accompanied by an expansion in the use of point-of-care and rapid detection devices in low-resource contexts where laboratory facilities are scarce. Few studies have explored how these changes are shaping people’s diagnostic journeys and their modes of accessing such technologies. In this paper I show how sick people and their families in a peri-urban area in Burkina Faso attempt to access diagnostic technologies and make themselves visible to the healthcare system through papers. In this context, I show how referral papers and diagnostic papers take on significance for people as they attempt to access care and diagnostic technologies and ‘carry’ knowledge between different levels of the healthcare system. The use of papers is often an uncertain undertaking, as they remain unintelligible to the sick and the layperson. I highlight how the form of the papers makes a crucial difference to the ways that sick people are able to use them. Papers and diagnostic technologies present both opportunities and challenges, and simultaneously engender hope, uncertainty, disappointment, and despair for the sick seeking a cure. Uncertainties, especially financial ones, arise with the possibility of new referrals and diagnostic tests, and along the way many give up or are immobilised when faced with diagnostic ambiguity.
- Published
- 2021
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