3 results on '"Hutton, Craig W."'
Search Results
2. Collective influence of household and community capitals on agricultural employment as a measure of rural poverty in the Mahanadi Delta, India
- Author
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Berchoux, Tristan, Watmough, Gary R., Amoako Johnson, Fiifi, Hutton, Craig W., Atkinson, Peter M., Centre International de Hautes Etudes Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - Institut Agronomique Méditerranéen de Montpellier (CIHEAM-IAMM), and Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes (CIHEAM)
- Subjects
Rural Population ,CAPITAL NATUREL ,CAPITAL HUMAIN ,Economics ,RURAL EMPLOYMENT ,Geography, Planning and Development ,Leasehold estate ,AGRICULTURAL HOUSEHOLD ,RURAL DEVELOPMENT ,PAUVRETE ,[SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences ,DEVELOPPEMENT RURAL ,Rural economics ,NATURAL CAPITAL ,Development economics ,Family Characteristics ,Ecology ,Agriculture ,General Medicine ,Livelihood ,Community resources ,TRAVAIL AGRICOLE ,Agrarian society ,HUMAN CAPITAL ,Natural capital ,RURAL COMMUNITIES ,Research Article ,Employment ,LIVING STANDARDS ,India ,DEVELOPPEMENT SOCIOECONOMIQUE ,Humans ,Environmental Chemistry ,INDE ,CAPITAL SOCIAL ,Developing Countries ,Poverty ,Sustainable development ,SUBSISTENCE ECONOMICS ,business.industry ,ECONOMIE DE SUBSISTANCE ,[SDV.SA.AEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Agriculture, economy and politics ,Rural livelihoods ,AGRICULTURAL INCOME ,REVENU AGRICOLE ,MENAGE AGRICOLE ,EMPLOI RURAL ,SOCIAL CAPITAL ,NIVEAU DE VIE ,Socioeconomic Factors ,Rural poverty ,SOCIOECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ,COMMUNAUTE RURALE ,Business ,Agricultural labour ,Livelihood capitals - Abstract
The main determinants of agricultural employment are related to households’ access to private assets and the influence of inherited social–economic stratification and power relationships. However, despite the recommendations of rural studies which have shown the importance of multilevel approaches to rural poverty, very few studies have explored quantitatively the effects of common-pool resources and household livelihood capitals on agricultural employment. Understanding the influence of access to both common-pool resources and private assets on rural livelihoods can enrich our understanding of the drivers of rural poverty in agrarian societies, which is central to achieving sustainable development pathways. Based on a participatory assessment conducted in rural communities in India, this paper differentiates two levels of livelihood capitals (household capitals and community capitals) and quantifies them using national census data and remotely sensed satellite sensor data. We characterise the effects of these two levels of livelihood capitals on precarious agricultural employment by using multilevel logistic regression. Our study brings a new perspective on livelihood studies and rural economics by demonstrating that common-pool resources and private assets do not have the same effect on agricultural livelihoods. It identifies that a lack of access to human, financial and social capitals at the household level increases the levels of precarious agricultural employment, such as daily-wage agricultural labour. Households located in communities with greater access to collective natural capital are less likely to be agricultural labourers. The statistical models also show that proximity to rural centres and access to financial infrastructures increase the likelihood of being a landless agricultural labourer. These findings suggest that investment in rural infrastructure might increase livelihood vulnerability, if not accompanied by an improvement in the provisioning of complementary rural services, such as access to rural finance, and by the implementation of agricultural tenancy laws to protect smallholders’ productive assets. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s13280-019-01150-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
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3. The Development of a Framework for the Integrated Assessment of SDG Trade-Offs in the Sundarban Biosphere Reserve.
- Author
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Marcinko, Charlotte L. J., Nicholls, Robert J., Daw, Tim M., Hazra, Sugata, Hutton, Craig W., Hill, Chris T., Clarke, Derek, Harfoot, Andy, Basu, Oindrila, Das, Isha, Giri, Sandip, Pal, Sudipa, Mondal, Partho P., Kemp, G. Paul, and Day, John W.
- Subjects
BIOSPHERE reserves ,MANGROVE forests ,SUSTAINABLE development ,AQUACULTURE ,MEGALOPOLIS - Abstract
The United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and their corresponding targets are significantly interconnected, with many interactions, synergies, and trade-offs between individual goals across multiple temporal and spatial scales. This paper proposes a framework for the Integrated Assessment Modelling (IAM) of a complex deltaic socio-ecological system in order to analyze such SDG interactions. We focused on the Sundarban Biosphere Reserve (SBR), India, within the Ganges-Brahmaputra-Meghna Delta. It is densely populated with 4.4 million people (2011), high levels of poverty, and a strong dependence on rural livelihoods. It is adjacent to the growing megacity of Kolkata. The area also includes the Indian portion of the world's largest mangrove forest––the Sundarbans––hosting the iconic Bengal Tiger. Like all deltaic systems, this area is subject to multiple drivers of environmental change operating across scales. The IAM framework is designed to investigate socio-environmental change under a range of explorative and/or normative scenarios and explore associated policy impacts, considering a broad range of subthematic SDG indicators. The following elements were explicitly considered: (1) agriculture; (2) aquaculture; (3) mangroves; (4) fisheries; and (5) multidimensional poverty. Key questions that can be addressed include the implications of changing monsoon patterns, trade-offs between agriculture and aquaculture, or the future of the Sundarbans' mangroves under sea-level rise and different management strategies. The novel, high-resolution analysis of SDG interactions allowed by the IAM will provide stakeholders and policy makers the opportunity to prioritize and explore the SDG targets that are most relevant to the SBR and provide a foundation for further integrated analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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