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This article examines the most consequential Constitutional case in American history regarding the right of the press to expose the origins of a war – while it was still being fought. The crisis of the early summer of 1971 was unprecedented. In the past, for the sake of national security, limitations had sometimes been imposed on newspapers and magazines condemning the war that was being fought – most notoriously, in the twentieth century, during the First World War. But the case of the Pentagon Papers was peculiar, because the New York Times, and soon the Washington Post, and then about two dozen other daily newspapers reprinted top secret documents that the press was not authorized to possess. The Supreme Court therefore had to resolve the conflict between the claims of the press under the seemingly unambiguous First Amendment (“Congress shall make no law . . .”) and the warning of the executive branch that the lives of American servicemen in Indochina were at stake because of the most enormous leak of secret government documents ever. The Pentagon Papers represent a revealing episode in the history of journalism, the history of governance and the history of jurisprudence. Cet article examine le cas constitutionnel le plus important de l’histoire américaine concernant le droit de la presse d’exposer les origines d’une guerre – alors qu’elle est encore en cours. La crise du début de l’été 1971 était sans précédent. Par le passé, au nom de la sécurité nationale, des restrictions avaient parfois été imposées aux journaux et aux magazines qui condamnaient la guerre en cours – la plus notoire étant la Première Guerre mondiale au xxe siècle. Mais le cas des dossiers du Pentagone était particulier, car le New York Times, et bientôt le Washington Post, puis une vingtaine d’autres quotidiens, reproduirent des documents top secrets que la presse n’était pas autorisée à posséder. La Cour suprême dut donc résoudre le conflit entre la presse revendiquant le droit au Premier amendement, apparemment sans ambiguïté (« Le Congrès ne fera aucune loi… »), et l’avertissement de l’exécutif selon lequel la vie des soldats américains en Indochine était en jeu en raison de la plus énorme fuite de documents gouvernementaux secrets jamais enregistrée. Les dossiers du Pentagone constituent un épisode révélateur de l’histoire du journalisme, de l’histoire de la gouvernance et de l’histoire de la jurisprudence.

International audience; his article intends to analyse the Moroccan journalistic field since the 1990s using a relational sociology looking at its news businesses and showing their strong dependence on the economic and political fields. This initial analysis of the paper and electronic non-specialised press (and its managers) is based on five main issues. The first recalls the history of the non-partisan press and the trajectories of social and political protest within it since independence, showing how the Moroccan field of power has restricted both the press supply and its potential audiences. The second part describes, on the one hand, the explosion of the supply of information on paper titles since the 1990s, and digital press, especially since 2011, and, on the other hand, the gradual expansion of its audiences, especially in Arabic. The following sections extend the analysis of the contemporary configuration through the restructuring of the very political economy of this small market of non-partisan “press enterprises”. First of all, its structural weaknesses explain the intensity of the political stakes around the official/unofficial modes of financing of the press and the difficulties to find profitable “economic models”. Then, we explain this interpenetration of the economic, political and journalistic fields in the analysis of the professional, political and social trajectories of the main investors of this new press, showing the weight of their political and social capital. Finally, the relative closure of this market is seen even more through the oligopoly of advertising market, largely related to the field of power, which weighs very directly on the working of press companies.; L’article analyse l’espace journalistique marocain depuis les années 1990. Partant d’une sociologie relationnelle des entreprises de presse (papier et électronique), il montre leur forte dépendance à l’égard des champs politique et économique. Cinq entrées sont privilégiées. La première synthétise l’histoire de la presse non partisane et les trajectoires de la contestation sociale et politique en son sein depuis l’indépendance, montrant comment le champ du pouvoir marocain a restreint à la fois l’offre de presse et ses publics potentiels. La deuxième décrit, d’une part, l’explosion de l’offre d’informations sur les supports papiers depuis les années 1990, et électroniques, tout particulièrement depuis 2011, et, d’autre part, l’élargissement progressif de ses publics, notamment en langue arabe. Les volets suivants prolongent l’analyse de la situation contemporaine au prisme de la restructuration de l’économie très politique de ce petit marché des « entreprises de presse » non partisanes. D’abord, ses faiblesses structurelles expliquent l’intensité des enjeux politiques autour des modes de financements officiels/officieux de la presse et les difficultés à trouver des « modèles économiques » rentables. Ensuite, on retrouve cette interpénétration des champs économique, politique et journalistique dans l’analyse des trajectoires professionnelles, politiques et sociales des principaux investisseurs de cette nouvelle presse, montrant le poids de leur capital politique et social. Enfin, la relative fermeture de ce marché se voit encore davantage à travers l’oligopole de la publicité, en grande partie liée au champ du pouvoir, qui pèse très directement sur le fonctionnement des entreprises de presse.

Politics

Society

The international business press has been a powerful and influential voice in modern societies and, as its formative years took place during the Cold War, a closer look at the ideologies that were promoted in this part of the press is of interest. Until the 1970s, Farmand was the only Norwegian business magazine of any size and standing. Trygve J. B. Hoff, Farmand’s editor from 1935, was part of the Mont Pèlerin Society (MPS), a neoliberal intellectual collective established in 1947 with participants such as Friedrich Hayek and Ludwig von Mises. This article is a study of the ideas that Hoff promoted, particularly in Farmand, from the 1940s to the 1970s.

Entre los supervivientes en España del modelo de prensa de distribución gratuita figura la publi­cación especializada Diario Médico, que lleva 25 años divulgando temas médico-sanitarios entre profesionales del Sistema Nacional de Salud. Se acomete un estudio exploratorio-descriptivo para indagar en sus orígenes y situación actual, prestando atención a su labor en papel, a través del pro­ducto impreso, y en Red, a través de diariomedico.com. Se seleccionan como técnicas la entrevista con su subdirector y el análisis de sus productos. El formato mixto define a Diario Médico: mantiene su compromiso por ofrecer información en papel, a pesar de haber reducido la periodicidad de diaria a semanal; reconduce a sus lectores en papel a Orbyt, quiosco de prensa digital del grupo promotor, Unidad Editorial, donde ofrece diariamente unas siete páginas en pdf con información para suscriptores; y está en la Red, con una edición que se abre a la participación del usuario. El tono divulgativo de sus contenidos y su utilidad para la sociedad, unido al creciente interés del público no especializado por la medicina y salud llevan a este medio, a nuestro parecer, a tener un doble público objetivo: la sociedad en general y los profesionales del Sistema en particular One of the survivors in Spain of the free distribution press is the specialized publication Diario Médi­co, which has been disseminating health issues among professionals of the National Health System for 25 years. We did an exploratory-descriptive study about its origins and current situation, paying attention to its labour in paper, through the printed product, and in Red, through diariomedico.com. The techniques are the interview with its deputy director and the analysis of its products. The mixed format defines Diario Médico: it maintains its commitment to offer information on paper, despite ha­ving reduced the periodicity from daily to weekly; leads its paper readers to Orbyt, the digital press kiosk of the promoter group, Unidad Editorial, where it offers seven pages a day in pdf format with information for subscribers, and on the Web, with an edition that opens to the participation of the user. The informative tone of its contents and its usefulness for society, together with the growing interest of the non-specialized public in medicine and health, lead to Diario Médico, in our opinion, to have a double objective public: society in general and professionals of the System in particular SI

International relations

Law justice

International relations

Society

Society

Work

Work

Society

International audience; This article intends to analyse the Moroccan journalistic field since the 1990s using a relational sociology looking at its news businesses and showing their strong dependence on the economic and political fields. This initial analysis of the paper and electronic non-specialised press (and its managers) is based on five main issues. The first issue summarises the history of the nonpartisan press and the social and political protest issues within it since independence. The second shows how the explosive multiplication of the volume of news supplied by the paper press since the 1990s, and by the electronic press (notably since 2011) should not hide the historical features of this universe: very limited coverage, a journalistic world highly dominated by the state media and a partisan press, and very important inequalities (social, linguistic, etc.). The third issue is trying to describe the market where the press companies operate and which occupies a positional continuum located between two poles: the hanout (the shop) and the press group (and the careers of their senior executives). This also explains that the sustainability of publications depends on a balance based on political and economic parameters and certain uncrossable “red lines” (Monarchy, Sahara, and Islam). The fourth issue describes the very direct impact which the advertising and supply and distribution oligopoly, connected to the main powers in place, has on the working of the press companies. Lastly, the Moroccan social space transformations and the unique features of its consumption modes enable us to understand better why the Moroccan press is facing difficulties when trying to increase its audience.

Launching of Kenya Times ltd

[ES] En este artículo se incluyen los resultados de un estudio realizado en la Facultad de Artes y Comunicación de la Universidad Europea de Madrid con los alumnos del Grado de Periodismo y Comunicación Audiovisual. El objetivo del trabajo era comprobar los hábitos de lectura en prensa de los sujetos en cuanto a soportes. De esta forma descodificaron la información contenida en el mismo número de un periódico a través de: iPad, ereaders y papel. Para la lectura de la edición digital se hizo uso del programa Calibre —un gestor y organizador de contenidos electrónicos—. Finalmente se realizó una encuesta para comprobar las preferencias de los estudiantes, así como las ventajas y desventajas que encontraban en los diversos formatos. Por último se estableció una comparativa entre los resultados obtenidos con la encuesta y los incluidos en el Barómetro de hábitos de lectura y compra de libros del año 2012. [EN] In this article are included the results obtained in a study done in the School of Arts and Communication of the Universidad Europea de Madrid, with Journalism and Media Studies students. The aim of this study is to check the subjects’ reading habits in press referring to format. In this way they decoded the information included in the same newspaper number through: iPad, ereaders and paper format. For reading the digital edition the software Calibre –an electronic contents manager– was used. Finally, a survey was conducted to check the students’ preferences, as well as the advantages and disadvantages found. At last, the survey results were compared to the ones included in the Barómetro de hábitos de lectura y compra de libros (2012).

O papel-imprensa se efetua como uma máquina que emite signos furiosamente, que faz ver e faz falar dentro de uma sintaxe dominante, forçando a pensar no jogo das representações e a reencontrar o que já estava dado. Expõe violentamente um tempo de morte marcado pela centralidade do sujeito no pensamento. Neste texto proponho explorar os conceitos de signo, acontecimento e fabulação de Gilles Deleuze para buscar deslocamentos no pensar o papel-imprensa. Ao desdobrar os signos - atualidade, velocidade, objetividade e veracidade - pela superfície do acontecimento emerge uma violência distinta, afirmativa, um esvaziamento das significações já dadas desses signos que abre para um devir-qualquer-coisa do papel. Possibilidades de que o papel-pesquisa encontre forças de vida pela fabulação. The paper-press functions as a machine that furiously emits signs, that imposes seeing and talking within a dominant syntax, forcing one to think of the game of representations and to rediscover what was always already there. It violently expose a time of death marked by the centrality of the subject in thought. In this article I propose to explore the concepts of sign, event and fabulation by Gilles Deleuze to seek the shifts in the thinking of the paper-press. When unfolding such signs - speed, present time, objectivity and truthfulness - a distinct violence emerges through the event's surfaces, affirmative, an emptying out of the already given significations of these signs that allows for an anything-becoming of the paper; possibilities that the paper-research can find life forces by means of fabulation. El papel prensa se efectúa como una máquina que emite signos furiosamente, que hace ver y hace hablar dentro de una sintaxis dominante, forzando a pensar en el juego de las representaciones y a reencontrar lo que ya estaba dado. Expone violentamente un tiempo de muerte marcado por la centralidad del sujeto en el pensamiento. En este artículo propongo explorar los conceptos de signo, suceso y fabulación de Gilles Deleuze para buscar movimientos en el pensar el papel prensa. Al desdoblar los signos - actualidad, velocidad, objetividad y veracidad - por la superficie del suceso emerge una violencia distinta, afirmativa, un vacío de las significaciones ya dadas de esos signos que abre para un devenir-cualquier-cosa del papel. Posibilidades de que el papel-pesquisa encuentre fuerzas de vida por la fabulación.

Submitted by Boris Flegr (boris@uerj.br) on 2021-01-06T23:42:24Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese Jose Renato Lattanzi.pdf: 1981920 bytes, checksum: f5491a9f8d58c68ae3e5ce09d8f5a172 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2021-01-06T23:42:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese Jose Renato Lattanzi.pdf: 1981920 bytes, checksum: f5491a9f8d58c68ae3e5ce09d8f5a172 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-09-10 This research evaluates the Brazilian press of the previous decade to civil-military coup (1955/64) which closed the democratic experience. The objective is to check how the journalism aspect of liberal reacted to the political and social changes of the period, seeking to identify the possible influence of this sector on public opinion. Addressing specifically the print journalism, analysis searches for understanding how the journalistic companies acted politically in favor of economic and ideological interests. Esta pesquisa avalia a imprensa brasileira da década anterior ao golpe civil-militar (1955/64) que encerrou a experiência democrática. O objetivo é verificar como o jornalismo de vertente liberal reagiu às transformações políticas e sociais do período, buscando identificar a possível influência deste setor sobre a opinião pública. Tratando especificamente do jornalismo impresso, a análise buscará entender como as empresas jornalísticas atuaram politicamente em favor de interesses econômicos e ideológicos.

Šiame magistro darbe aptariamas kitataučių vaizdinys Lietuvos masinėse informavimo priemonėse (spaudoje). Spaudos tyrimas paremtas 82 straipsnių, kuriuose kalbama apie kitataučius, analize, jie spausdinti 2004, 2005 metų sausį regioninėse Lietuvos dienraščiuose „Klaipėda“ ir „Šiaulių kraštas“. Tyrime taikyta hermeneutinė, kokybinė ir kiekybinė turinio (content) analizė, paremta pagrįstosios teorijos (grounded theory) atvirojo kodavimo procedūromis. Tiriamuoju laikotarpiu abiejuose dienraščiuose pasirodydavo po vieną ar net kelis straipsnius apie kitataučius per dieną. Tai reiškia, kad tiriamuoju laikotarpiu kitataučių tema žiniasklaidoje (regioniniuose laikraščiuose) yra nuolatinė. „Šiaulių krašte“ straipsnių apie kitataučius daugiau nei trečdaliu daugiau nei „Klaipėdoje“. Lyginant 2004 ir 2005 metų sausio mėnesio straipsnius, pastebėta jų daugėjimo tendencija vėlesniais metais. Kitataučių temoms aprašyti dažniausiai naudojami vidutinio dydžio (0,5-1 puslapio) straipsniai. Didžioji dauguma straipsnių apie kitataučius yra iliustruota 1 ir daugiau nuotraukų. Ir „Šiaulių krašto“, ir „Klaipėdos“ dienraščių 1-ajame puslapyje buvo išspausdinti 22 straipsniai apie kitataučius. Kitataučiai „Klaipėdoje“ ir „Šiaulių krašte“ daugiausiai pristatomi, kalbant apie jų gyvenamąsias vietas (nuo valstybės iki namų erdvės), žmogiškuosius faktorius (tokius kaip charakterio bruožai, išorė), jų socialinius ryšius – vyro ir moters santykius, santykius šeimoje, vestuvių ypatybes. Aptiktos ir... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] In this master degree paper we discuss about foreigners portrait in Lithuanian mass media (newspapers). The research of the mass media discourse of foreigners was based on 82 articles about people from other countries (not Lithuanians), which were found in period 2004, 2005 January, and were taken from two daily newspapers – two big regional newspapers – „Klaipėda“ and „Šiaulių kraštas“. In this research combined approaches of hermeneutic, qualitative and quantitative content analysis, based on procedures of open and axel coding of grounded theory was used. In two Lithuanian periodic newspapers (2004, 2005 January) was published 1 article or more than 1 article about foreigners in a day, it means that foreigners theme in Lithuanian mass media is steady. Also was found, that regional daily newspaper of Šiauliai gives attention to foreigners' theme third more than regional daily newspaper of Klaipėda. Tendency of articles number increasing in period 2004, 2005 January was noticed. Size of the biggest part of articles was 0,5-1 pages, most of articles was illustrating article (had 1 or more photos), and 22 articles were on the first newspapers' page. The biggest part of articles headings and subheadings talk about foreigners' places to live (from country till home spread), their characters, how do they look like, their connections in families, connections between man and woman, wedding ceremonies. Foreigners in two Lithuanian daily newspapers mostly are presented in... [to full text]

Submitted by Boris Flegr (boris@uerj.br) on 2021-01-06T23:55:17Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissert completa Vera Oliveira Dias.pdf: 3389043 bytes, checksum: e5ec12ed9bf128d4fcedb63d87af0f45 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2021-01-06T23:55:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissert completa Vera Oliveira Dias.pdf: 3389043 bytes, checksum: e5ec12ed9bf128d4fcedb63d87af0f45 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-12-18 The present dissertation seeks to analyze, in a comparative form, the interference of the periodicals Opinião Liberal - 1866 to 1870, and A Reforma - 1869 to 1870, in the forming of a public sphere in Rio de Janeiro - Imperial Capital. Context of the profound political instability through which it was passing the Brazilian Empire, considered by the historiography as political crisis, which would flow in a short period into the republican movement. In this phase, we detach the press as an important vehicle in the constitution of the public discussion, in spite the scarce, however active public opinion was also mean of enlightenment and formation of the public reader. T he main subjects in rowing in the political press used to make reference to the limits of the Liberalism at the Empire, the nature of the Moderating Power, the War of Paraguay, the leave of the Zacarias de Góes e Vasconcelos Cabinet, and the rise of the Conservatives. Esta dissertação objetiva analisar, de maneira comparativa, a interferência dos periódicos Opinião Liberal 1866 e 1870 e A Reforma nos anos de 1869 a 1870, na formação de uma esfera pública no Rio de Janeiro Capital Imperial. Contexto de profunda instabilidade política por que passava o Império do Brasil, considerado pela historiografia como de crise política, que desaguaria em curto prazo no movimento republicano. Nesta fase, a imprensa apresentava um importante papel na constituição do debate público, apesar da escassa, porém atuante opinião pública , além da importância da imprensa como meio de esclarecimento e formação do público leitor. Os temas preferenciais em voga na imprensa política faziam referência aos limites do Liberalismo no Império, a natureza do poder Moderador, a Guerra do Paraguai, a saída do Gabinete Zacarias de Góis e Vasconcelos e subida dos Conservadores.

Resumen La crisis económica que se derivó de la Primera Guerra Mundial provocó, entre otros efectos, la caída aguda de los resultados económicos de la prensa española y una amenaza real de colapso generalizado. Reconvertida a grandes empresas, con exponentes como el primer trust periodístico español, creado en 1906, los editores de periódicos plantearon por primera vez un dilema clave para el sistema representativo: si se quería que existiese prensa, el tesoro público debía colaborar mediante subvenciones a la compra de papel. Se puso en marcha, de esta forma, el primer gran rescate de la prensa española, con una aportación millonaria de dinero público a empresas privadas que, en teoría, tendría que devolverse progresivamente. Fue, para Indalecio Prieto, “un gran escándalo”. Abstract The economic crisis derived from World War I produced, among other effects, a sharp drop in the economic performance of the Spanish press and an actual threat of generalized collapse. Reorganized as large companies, with examples such as the first Spanish journalistic trust created in 1906, newspaper publishers posed a central dilemma for the representative system for the first time: if the press were to exist, the public treasury would have to cooperate through subsidies for the purchase of paper. In this way, the first great rescue of the Spanish press was launched, with a millionaire contribution of public funds to private companies that, in theory, would have to be repaid progressively. It was, for Indalecio Prieto, “a big scandal.” Resumo A crise econômica derivada da Primeira Guerra Mundial provocou, entre outros efeitos, a queda aguda dos resultados econômicos da imprensa espanhola e uma ameaça real de colapso generalizado. Reconvertidos a grandes empresas, com expoentes como o primeiro trust jornalístico espanhol, criado em 1906, os editores de jornais propuseram pela primera vez um dilema-chave para o sistema representativo: se se quisesse que existisse imprensa, o tesouro público deveria colaborar mediante subsídios para a compra de papel. Dessa forma, deu-se início ao primeiro grande resgate da imprensa espanhola, com uma contribuição milionária de verba pública a empresas privadas que, em teoria, teria que ser devolvido progressivamente. Foi, para Indalecio Prieto, um “grande escândalo”.

Relatório de Estágio do Mestrado em Património Cultural e Museologia apresentado à Faculdade de Letras Este documento é o resultado do estágio no âmbito do mestrado de Património Cultural e Museologia, vertente Gestão e Programação, realizado no Museu de Leiria de setembro de 2020 a fevereiro de 2021.Para além do apoio às atividades realizadas no Museu ou o auxílio a tarefas de carácter museográfico em exposições como é o caso de Plasticidades: Qualidades dos Corpos e do Espírito, Cidade de Leiria – Tamanho e Desenho e entre outros, a base do presente relatório é, sobretudo, o estudo do ofício tipográfico e da Tipografia Carlos Silva, tendo esta fechado após mais de 100 anos de existência.Para além dos capítulos dedicados à caracterização da entidade de acolhimento e ao estágio desenvolvido, o penúltimo capítulo deste relatório será completamente dedicado à arte da tipografia (técnicas e história tanto em Portugal como em Leiria) e à temática proposta pelo Museu de Leiria, a Tipografia Carlos Silva. O estudo desta última fixou-se através do estudo dos materiais adquiridos pela Câmara Municipal de Leiria, de documentos disponibilizados pelo Arquivo Distrital de Leiria, de documentos académicos disponíveis no Centro de Documentação do Museu e de websites com informação fidedigna. Para finalizar, colocando os conhecimentos adquiridos em prática e tendo em vista a mediação cultural, importantíssima para instituições culturais e para o seu público, especialmente nos tempos atuais, foram elaboradas duas atividades peddy-paper, colocadas no final dos anexos do documento. Estas duas atividades são direcionadas para dois momentos propícios aos momentos atuais, um peddy-paper online e uma aplicação de peddy-paper. É de realçar que todas as informações complementares ao estudo realizado estão sob consulta na parte correspondente aos anexos. This document is the result of the internship made under the Master’s degree in Cultural Heritage and Museology, in the field of management and programming, held at the Leiria’s Museum from September 2020 to February 2021.Besides the support to the activities carried out in the Museum or the assistance to museographic tasks in exhibitions such as Plasticities: Qualities of the Body and Spirit, City of Leiria - Size and Sketch and others, the basis of this report is, above all, the study of the typographic craft and the Carlos Silva Typography, which closed after more than 100 years of existence.In addition of the chapters dedicated to the characterization of the institution and the internship developed, the second last chapter of this report will be completely focused on the art of typography (techniques and history both in Portugal and in Leiria) and in the theme proposed by the Museum of Leiria, the Carlos Silva Typography. The study of the latter was carried out through the study of materials acquired by the City Council of Leiria, through documents provided by the District Archive of Leiria and academic documents available at the Documentation Centre of the Museum and through websites with reliable information. To conclude, putting the acquired knowledge into practice and having in mind cultural mediation, very important for cultural institutions and their public, especially in current times, two peddy-paper activities were elaborated, which are placed at the end of the document's annexes. These two activities are aimed at two moments suitable for current times, an online peddy-paper and a peddy-paper app.It should be noted that all complementary information of the study is available in the part corresponding to the annexes.

Магістерська дисертація: 90 с., 13 рис., 17 табл., 61 першоджерел,1 додаток. Актуальність теми: підвищення якості картону для плоских шарів гофрокартону із макулатури і зниження його собівартості шляхом вдосконалення технологічних процесів виробництва картону. Зв’язок роботи з науковими програмами, планами, темами: магістерська дисертація відповідає Закону України « Про пріоритетні тематичні напрями наукових досліджень і науково-технічних розробок напрями фундаментальних і прикладних наукових досліджень та науково-технічних розробок » № 2623-ІІІ від 11.07.2001 р. та закону про внесення змін до нього № 848-VIІІ від 26.11.2015 р. Відповідає «Стратегічній програмі розвитку целюлозно-паперової промисловості та ринку картонно-паперової продукції до 2020 р.» розробленою асоціацією «Укрпапір». Мета і задачі дослідження: Мета роботи — вдосконалення технологічних процесів виробництва картону для плоских шарів гофрокартону. Для досягнення мети було поставлено наступні задачі: 1) вивчити сучасні технологічні рішення для покращення якості картону для плоских шарів гофрокартону та техніко-економічні показники виробництва; 2) провести реконструкцію технологічного потоку з виробництва картону для плоских шарів гофрокартону; 3) виконати розрахунок та вибір основного технологічного обладнання у відповідності з заданою продуктивністю технологічного потоку; 4) розрахувати тепловий баланс виробництва картону; 5) розробити заходи з охорони праці щодо шкідливих та небезпечних факторів на виробництві картону; 6) розробити стартап–проєкт виробництва картону для плоских шарів гофрокартону; Об’єкт дослідження: технологічні процеси виробництва картону для плоских шарів гофрокартону. Предмет дослідження: технологічний потік з виготовлення картону для плоских шарів гофрокартону. Методи дослідження: теоретичні та математичні методи. Практичне значення одержаних результатів. Наведено інновації для вирішення технологічних проблем виробництва картону для плоских шарів гофрокартону макулатурного. Запропоновані технологічні рішення можуть бути проваджені на діючому виробництві ПрАТ «Рубіжанський картонно-тарний комбінат» та інших підприємствах з виробництва гофрованого картону і гофротари. Master's thesis: 90 pp., 13 figs., 17 tables., 61 primary sources, 1 appendix. The relevance of the topic: improving the quality of cardboard for flat layers of corrugated cardboard from waste paper and reducing its cost by improving the technological processes of cardboard production. Connection of work with scientific programs, plans, themes: master's dissertation complies with the Law of Ukraine "About the priority thematic directions of scientific and applied researches and the technical - scientific developments" № 2623-III from 11.07.2001 and the law against the amendments to it № 848-VIII of November 26, 2015. Corresponds to the “Strategic Program development of the pulp and paper industry and the cardboard and paper market products until 2020 " developed by the Ukrpapir association. Purpose and tasks of the research: The purpose of the work is to improve the technological processes of the cardboard production for the flat layers of the corrugated cardboard. To achieve this goal, the following tasks were set: 1) to study modern technological solutions for improving the quality of cardboard and technical and economic indicators of production; 2) to reconstruct the technological flow of cardboard production for flat layers of corrugated cardboard; 3) calculate thermal balances of cardboard production; 4) perform the calculation and selection of the main process equipment in accordance with the specified productivity of the process flow; 5) to develop measures for labor protection on the harmful and dangerous factors in the production of cardboard; 6) to develop a start-up project for the production of testliner; Object of study: the technological process of the cardboard production for the flat layers of the corrugated cardboard; Subject of research: quality indicators, raw materials, equipment and technological modes of production of corrugated cardboard. Research methods: Theoretical study, by processing available literature sources, properties, equipment and technology of corrugated cardboard production. The practical significance of the obtained results. The innovations are acquired for solving technological problems of the cardboard production for the flat layers of the corrugated cardboard. The proposed technological solution can be implemented in the existing production of PJSC “ Rubizhan Cardboard Packaging Plant” and the other enterprises for the production of the corrugated cardboard and the corrugated packaging.

Магістерська дисертація: 85 с., 8 рис., 25 табл., 19 першоджерел, 1 додаток. Актуальність теми: підвищення рівня і стабільності якості паперу для гофрування шляхом впровадження новітніх досягнень в цій галузі, а також, як результат, зниження собівартості продукту. Мета і задачі дослідження: Мета роботи — розробка проєкту реконструкції технологічного потоку ПрАТ «Рубіжанський картонно–тарний комбінат» з виробництва флютінгу". Для досягнення мети було поставлено наступні задачі: 1) вивчити сучасні технологічні рішення для покращення якості паперу для гофрування та техніко-економічних показників виробництва; 2) виконати реконструкцію технологічного потоку з виробництва паперу для гофрування; 3) розрахувати матеріальний та тепловий баланси виробництва паперу; 4) виконати розрахунок та вибір основного технологічного обладнання у відповідності з заданою продуктивністю технологічного потоку; 5) розробити заходи з охорони праці щодо шкідливих та небезпечних факторів на виробництві туалетного паперу; 6) розробити стартап–проєкт виробництва паперу для гофрування; Об’єкт дослідження: процес виготовлення паперу для гофрування; Предмет дослідження: показники якості, сировина, обладнання та технологічні режими виготовлення паперу для гофрування. Методи дослідження: теоретичне вивчення, шляхом опрацювання доступних літературних джерел, властивостей, обладнання та технології виробництва паперу для гофрування. Практичне значення одержаних результатів. Набуто знання щодо властивостей, обладнання та технології виготовлення паперу для гофрування. Наведено показники якості до сировини, хімікатів та готової продукції, що нормуються відповідно до стандартів та технічних умов [7,8]. Запропоновано зміни в технологічній схемі виробництва паперу для гофрування, наведено та описано удосконалення потоку і схеми виробництва паперу для гофрування. Розраховано матеріальний баланс води та волокна, а також тепловий баланс контактного методу сушіння для виробництва 1 т продукції. У відповідності до річної продуктивності технологічної лінії проведено розрахунок та вибір основного обладнання. Наведено об’ємно-планувальне і конструктивне вирішення будівлі цеху. Розглянуто головні шкідливі фактори, які впливають на безпеку працівників цеху. Наведено основні заходи безпеки у картонноробному цеху. Апробація результатів дисертації: положення дисертаційної роботи доповідалися та обговорювалися на XVІ міжнародній науково-практичній конференції студентів, аспірантів і молодих вчених “Ресурсоенергозберігаючі технології та обладнання” (25-26 листопада 2019 р. м. Київ). MASTER'S THESIS: 85 pp., 8 figs., 25 tables. 19 primary sources, 1 appendix. THE RELEVANCE OF THE TOPIC: improving the level and stability of the quality of corrugated paper by introducing the latest developments in the field, as well as, as a result, reducing the cost of the product. PURPOSE AND TASKS OF THE RESEARCH: The purpose of the work is the development of the project of reconstruction of the technological flow of PJSC "Rubbishing Cardboard and Packing Plant" for the production of fluting ". To achieve this goal, the following tasks were set: 1) To study modern technological solutions for improving the quality of corrugated paper and technical and economic indicators of production; 2) To reconstruct the technological flow for the production of corrugated paper; 3) calculate material and thermal balances of paper production; 4) perform the calculation and selection of the main process equipment in accordance with the specified productivity of the process flow; 5) To develop measures for labor protection on the harmful and dangerous factors in the production of toilet paper; 6) To develop a start-up project for the production of corrugated paper; Object of study: the process of making a caper for corrugation; SUBJECT OF RESEARCH: quality indicators, raw materials, equipment and technological modes of production of corrugated paper. RESEARCH METHODS: Theoretical study, by processing available literature sources, properties, equipment and technology of corrugated paper production. THE PRACTICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF THE RESULTS OBTAINED. Acquired knowledge on the properties, equipment and technology of corrugated paper production. Quality indicators for raw materials, chemicals and finished products, which are normalized in accordance with standards and specifications, are given [7, 8]. Changes in the technological scheme of corrugated paper production are proposed, and the flow improvement and corrugation paper production schemes are described and described. The material balance of water and fiber was calculated, as well as the thermal balance of the contact drying method for the production of 1 ton of production. In accordance with the annual productivity of the technological line, the calculation and selection of the basic equipment was carried out. The three-dimensional planning and design solution of the shop building is given. The main harmful factors that affect the safety of shop workers are considered. The basic safety measures in the cardboard shop are given. TESTING THE RESULTS OF THE DISSERTATION: the provisions of the dissertation were reported and discussed at the XVI International Scientific and Practical Conference of Students, Graduate Students and Young Scientists of “Resource Energy Saving Technologies and Equipment” (November 25-26, 2019, Kyiv).

Convictions of political corruption depend on public communication, since for citizens, to perceive deviant behaviours, these must receive attention. In Spain, this type of behaviour is part of the agendas of citizens, media, and politicians and, to fight against it, accountability is essential. In addition to the judiciary and legislature (in their oversight role), the media and social media help voters, MPs and others to make informed decisions and press for action. However, the interrelationships between different agents, types, and forms of control for accountability are a rather unexplored research topic, especially when considering non-accountable institutions (those that have power, but are not directly accountable to the electorate, such as the monarchy). The debate on the inviolability of the emeritus presents a perfect scenario to describe what formulas and what kind of sanctions (legal, labour, reputational or personal) for accountability have occurred in Spain in the case of a non-accountable institution. This study explores the agendas of media, Parliament, and Twitter (and their inter-influences) during the Geneva papers scandal. We analyzed 189,037 tweets, 1,220 journalistic pieces and 78 parliamentary initiatives related to the former monarch. The main results show that the media, social networks, and Parliament have acted as agents of accountability with Juan Carlos I, as if it were an accountable institution. Online newspapers and Twitter have led the oversight, while the parliamentary initiative has been ineffective and has essentially served as an instrument of partisan communication. Las condenas a la corrupción política dependen de la comunicación pública, ya que para que los ciudadanos perciban los comportamientos desviados, estos deben recibir atención. En España este tipo de comportamientos forman parte de las agendas de votantes, medios y políticos y, para luchar contra ellos, la rendición de cuentas resulta esencial. Además del poder judicial y legislativo (en su función de control), los medios de comunicación y las redes sociales ayudan al resto de entidades a tomar decisiones informadas y a presionar para que se actúe. Sin embargo, las interrelaciones entre los diferentes agentes, tipos y formas de control para la rendición de cuentas son un tema de investigación bastante inexplorado, especialmente al considerar las instituciones no responsables (aquellas que tienen poder, pero que no rinden cuentas directamente ante el electorado, como la monarquía). El debate sobre la inviolabilidad del rey emérito presenta un escenario perfecto para describir qué fórmulas y qué tipo de sanciones (legales, laborales, reputacionales o personales) para la rendición de cuentas se han dado en España en el caso de una institución no responsable. Este estudio explora las agendas de medios de comunicación, Parlamento y Twitter (y sus interinfluencias) durante el escándalo de los papeles de Ginebra. Analizamos 189.037 tweets, 1.220 piezas periodísticas y 78 iniciativas parlamentarias relacionadas con el anterior monarca. Los principales resultados muestran que los medios de comunicación, las redes sociales y el Parlamento han actuado como agentes de rendición de cuentas con Juan Carlos I, como si de una institución responsable se tratara. Los periódicos online y Twitter han liderado la fiscalización, mientras que la iniciativa parlamentaria ha sido poco eficaz y ha servido en esencia como instrumento de comunicación partidista. The findings in this article are part of the research project “The effects of political information on the implicit perceptions and attitudes of citizens and journalists towards corruption” [“Los efectos de la información política sobre las percepciones y actitudes implícitas de la ciudadanía y los/las periodistas ante la corrupción”] (Efippaic), funded by the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation, and Universities (PID2019-105285GB-I00).