Search

Your search keyword '"Walker, Alexander"' showing total 8 results
Start Over Author "Walker, Alexander" Search Limiters Full Text Topic public health
8 results on '"Walker, Alexander"'

1. National identity predicts public health support during a global pandemic.

Author

Van Bavel JJ, Cichocka A, Capraro V, Sjåstad H, Nezlek JB, Pavlović T, Alfano M, Gelfand MJ, Azevedo F, Birtel MD, Cislak A, Lockwood PL, Ross RM, Abts K, Agadullina E, Aruta JJB, Besharati SN, Bor A, Choma BL, Crabtree CD, Cunningham WA, De K, Ejaz W, Elbaek CT, Findor A, Flichtentrei D, Franc R, Gjoneska B, Gruber J, Gualda E, Horiuchi Y, Huynh TLD, Ibanez A, Imran MA, Israelashvili J, Jasko K, Kantorowicz J, Kantorowicz-Reznichenko E, Krouwel A, Laakasuo M, Lamm C, Leygue C, Lin MJ, Mansoor MS, Marie A, Mayiwar L, Mazepus H, McHugh C, Minda JP, Mitkidis P, Olsson A, Otterbring T, Packer DJ, Perry A, Petersen MB, Puthillam A, Riaño-Moreno JC, Rothmund T, Santamaría-García H, Schmid PC, Stoyanov D, Tewari S, Todosijević B, Tsakiris M, Tung HH, Umbreș RG, Vanags E, Vlasceanu M, Vonasch A, Yucel M, Zhang Y, Abad M, Adler E, Akrawi N, Mdarhri HA, Amara H, Amodio DM, Antazo BG, Apps M, Ay FC, Ba MH, Barbosa S, Bastian B, Berg A, Bernal-Zárate MP, Bernstein M, Białek M, Bilancini E, Bogatyreva N, Boncinelli L, Booth JE, Borau S, Buchel O, Cameron CD, Carvalho CF, Celadin T, Cerami C, Chalise HN, Cheng X, Cian L, Cockcroft K, Conway J, Córdoba-Delgado MA, Crespi C, Crouzevialle M, Cutler J, Cypryańska M, Dabrowska J, Daniels MA, Davis VH, Dayley PN, Delouvee S, Denkovski O, Dezecache G, Dhaliwal NA, Diato AB, Di Paolo R, Drosinou M, Dulleck U, Ekmanis J, Ertan AS, Etienne TW, Farhana HH, Farkhari F, Farmer H, Fenwick A, Fidanovski K, Flew T, Fraser S, Frempong RB, Fugelsang JA, Gale J, Garcia-Navarro EB, Garladinne P, Ghajjou O, Gkinopoulos T, Gray K, Griffin SM, Gronfeldt B, Gümren M, Gurung RL, Halperin E, Harris E, Herzon V, Hruška M, Huang G, Hudecek MFC, Isler O, Jangard S, Jørgensen FJ, Kachanoff F, Kahn J, Dangol AK, Keudel O, Koppel L, Koverola M, Kubin E, Kunnari A, Kutiyski Y, Laguna O, Leota J, Lermer E, Levy J, Levy N, Li C, Long EU, Longoni C, Maglić M, McCashin D, Metcalf AL, Mikloušić I, El Mimouni S, Miura A, Molina-Paredes J, Monroy-Fonseca C, Morales-Marente E, Moreau D, Muda R, Myer A, Nash K, Nesh-Nash T, Nitschke JP, Nurse MS, Ohtsubo Y, Oldemburgo de Mello V, O'Madagain C, Onderco M, Palacios-Galvez MS, Palomäki J, Pan Y, Papp Z, Pärnamets P, Paruzel-Czachura M, Pavlović Z, Payán-Gómez C, Perander S, Pitman MM, Prasad R, Pyrkosz-Pacyna J, Rathje S, Raza A, Rêgo GG, Rhee K, Robertson CE, Rodríguez-Pascual I, Saikkonen T, Salvador-Ginez O, Sampaio WM, Santi GC, Santiago-Tovar N, Savage D, Scheffer JA, Schönegger P, Schultner DT, Schutte EM, Scott A, Sharma M, Sharma P, Skali A, Stadelmann D, Stafford CA, Stanojević D, Stefaniak A, Sternisko A, Stoica A, Stoyanova KK, Strickland B, Sundvall J, Thomas JP, Tinghög G, Torgler B, Traast IJ, Tucciarelli R, Tyrala M, Ungson ND, Uysal MS, Van Lange PAM, van Prooijen JW, van Rooy D, Västfjäll D, Verkoeijen P, Vieira JB, von Sikorski C, Walker AC, Watermeyer J, Wetter E, Whillans A, Willardt R, Wohl MJA, Wójcik AD, Wu K, Yamada Y, Yilmaz O, Yogeeswaran K, Ziemer CT, Zwaan RA, and Boggio PS

Subjects
COVID-19 epidemiology, COVID-19 prevention & control, COVID-19 psychology, Cross-Cultural Comparison, Health Behavior, Humans, Leadership, Pandemics prevention & control, Pandemics statistics & numerical data, SARS-CoV-2, Self Report, Social Identification, Pandemics legislation & jurisprudence, Public Health legislation & jurisprudence, Social Conformity
Abstract

Changing collective behaviour and supporting non-pharmaceutical interventions is an important component in mitigating virus transmission during a pandemic. In a large international collaboration (Study 1, N = 49,968 across 67 countries), we investigated self-reported factors associated with public health behaviours (e.g., spatial distancing and stricter hygiene) and endorsed public policy interventions (e.g., closing bars and restaurants) during the early stage of the COVID-19 pandemic (April-May 2020). Respondents who reported identifying more strongly with their nation consistently reported greater engagement in public health behaviours and support for public health policies. Results were similar for representative and non-representative national samples. Study 2 (N = 42 countries) conceptually replicated the central finding using aggregate indices of national identity (obtained using the World Values Survey) and a measure of actual behaviour change during the pandemic (obtained from Google mobility reports). Higher levels of national identification prior to the pandemic predicted lower mobility during the early stage of the pandemic (r = -0.40). We discuss the potential implications of links between national identity, leadership, and public health for managing COVID-19 and future pandemics., (© 2022. The Author(s).)

Published
2022
Full Text
View/download PDF

3. A brief forewarning intervention overcomes negative effects of salient changes in COVID-19 guidance.

Author

Gretton, Jeremy D., Meyers, Ethan A., Walker, Alexander C., Fugelsang, Jonathan A., and Koehler, Derek J.

Subjects
COVID-19, COVID-19 pandemic, MEDICAL scientists, SCIENTIFIC communication, PUBLIC health, MEDICAL masks, CONTACT tracing
Abstract

During the COVID-19 pandemic, public health guidance (e.g., regarding the use of non-medical masks) changed over time. Although many revisions were a result of gains in scientific understanding, we nonetheless hypothesized that making changes in guidance salient would negatively affect evaluations of experts and health-protective intentions. In Study 1 (N = 300), we demonstrate that describing COVID-19 guidance in terms of inconsistency (versus consistency) leads people to perceive scientists and public health authorities less favorably (e.g., as less expert). For participants in Canada (n = 190), though not the U.S. (n = 110), making guidance change salient also reduced intentions to download a contact tracing app. In Study 2 (N = 1399), we show that a brief forewarning intervention mitigates detrimental effects of changes in guidance. In the absence of forewarning, emphasizing inconsistency harmed judgments of public health authorities and reduced health-protective intentions, but forewarning eliminated this effect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
Full Text
View/download PDF

6. Odd Man Out: A Graphical Approach to Meta-analysis.

Author

Walker, Alexander M., Martin-Moreno, José M., and Rodríguez, Fernando

Subjects
*CONFIDENCE intervals, *DRUG dosage, *GRAPH theory, *PUBLIC health, *STATISTICAL sampling, *STATISTICAL hypothesis testing, *META-analysis, *SOCIAL statistics, *MEDICAL care
Abstract

Abstract: The areas of overlap of confidence intervals from several studies can be used to create summary confidence regions. These summary regions lend themselves to graphical display, have readily derivable statistical properties, and can carry information about the influence both of available studies and of hypothetical future investigations. The case of a region covered by at least N-1 out of N confidence intervals is presented in some detail. (Am J Public Health 1988; 78:961-966.) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
1988
Full Text
View/download PDF

7. Prediction and Cross-Validation of Neural Networks Versus Logistic Regression: Using Hepatic Disorders as an Example.

Author

Duh, Mei-Sheng, Walker, Alexander M., Pagano, Marcello, and Kronlund, Kenneth

Subjects
NEURAL circuitry, PUBLIC health, HEALTH policy, MEDICAL care
Abstract

The authors developed and cross-validated prediction models for newty diagnosed cases of liver disorders by using logistic regression and neural networks. Computerized files of health care encounters from the Fallon Community Health Plan were used to identify 1,674 subjects who had had liver-related health services between July 1,1992, and June 30, 1993. A total of 219 subjects were confirmed by review of medical records as incident cases. The 1, 674 subjects were randomly and evenly divided into training and test sets. The training set was used to derive prediction algorithms based solely on the automated data; the test set was used for cross-validation. The area under the Receiver Operating Characteristic curve for a neural network model was significantly larger than that for logistic regression in the training set (p = 0.04). However, the performance was statistically equivalent in the test set (p = 0.45). Despite its superior performance in the training set, the generalizability of the neural network model is limited. Logistic regression may therefore be preferred over neural network on the basis of its established advantages. More generalizable modeling techniques for neural networks may be necessary before they are practical for medical research. Am J Epidemiol 1998; 147: 407–13. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
1998
Full Text
View/download PDF

8. National identity predicts public health support during a global pandemic

Author

Gümren, Mert, Van Bavel, Jay J., Cichocka, Aleksandra, Capraro, Valerio, Sjastad, Hallgeir, Nezlek, John B., Pavlovic, Tomislav, Alfano, Mark, Gelfand, Michele J., Azevedo, Flavio, Birtel, Michele D., Cislak, Aleksandra, Lockwood, Patricia L., Ross, Robert Malcolm, Abts, Koen, Agadullina, Elena, Aruta, John Jamir Benzon, Besharati, Sahba Nomvula, Bor, Alexander, Choma, Becky L., Crabtree, Charles David, Cunningham, William A., De, Koustav, Ejaz, Waqas, Elbaek, Christian T., Findor, Andrej, Flichtentrei, Daniel, Franc, Renata, Gjoneska, Biljana, Gruber, June, Gualda, Estrella, Horiuchi, Yusaku, Huynh, Toan Luu Duc, Ibanez, Augustin, Imran, Mostak Ahamed, Israelashvili, Jacob, Jasko, Katarzyna, Kantorowicz, Jaroslaw, Kantorowicz-Reznichenko, Elena, Krouwel, Andre, Laakasuo, Michael, Lamm, Claus, Leygue, Caroline, Lin, Ming-Jen, Mansoor, Mohammad Sabbir, Marie, Antoine, Mayiwar, Lewend, Mazepus, Honorata, McHugh, Cillian, Minda, John Paul, Mitkidis, Panagiotis, Olsson, Andreas, Otterbring, Tobias, Packer, Dominic J., Perry, Anat, Petersen, Michael Bang, Puthillam, Arathy, Riano-Moreno, Julian C., Rothmund, Tobias, Santamaria-Garcia, Hernando, Schmid, Petra C., Stoyanov, Drozdstoy, Tewari, Shruti, Todosijevic, Bojan, Tsakiris, Manos, Tung, Hans H., Umbres, Radu G., Vanags, Edmunds, Vlasceanu, Madalina, Vonasch, Andrew, Yucel, Meltem, Zhang, Yucheng, Abad, Mohcine, Adler, Eli, Akrawi, Narin, Mdarhri, Hamza Alaoui, Amara, Hanane, Amodio, David M., Antazo, Benedict G., Apps, Matthew, Ay, F. Ceren, Ba, Mouhamadou Hady, Barbosa, Sergio, Bastian, Brock, Berg, Anton, Bernal-Zarate, Maria P., Bernstein, Michael, Bia?ek, Micha?, Bilancini, Ennio, Bogatyreva, Natalia, Boncinelli, Leonardo, Booth, Jonathan E., Borau, Sylvie, Buchel, Ondrej, Cameron, C. Daryl, Carvalho, Chrissie F., Celadin, Tatiana, Cerami, Chiara, Chalise, Hom Nath, Cheng, Xiaojun, Cian, Luca, Cockcroft, Kate, Conway, Jane, Cordoba-Delgado, Mateo Andres, Crespi, Chiara, Crouzevialle, Marie, Cutler, Jo, Cypryanska, Marzena, Dabrowska, Justyna, Daniels, Michael A., Davis, Victoria H., Dayley, Pamala N., Delouvee, Sylvain, Denkovski, Ognjan, Dezecache, Guillaume, Dhaliwal, Nathan A., Diato, Alelie B., Di Paolo, Roberto, Drosinou, Marianna, Dulleck, Uwe, Ekmanis, Janis, Ertan, Arhan S., Etienne, Tom W., Farhana, Hapsa Hossain, Farkhari, Fahima, Farmer, Harry, Fenwick, Ali, Fidanovski, Kristijan, Flew, Terry, Fraser, Shona, Frempong, Raymond Boadi, Fugelsang, Jonathan A., Gale, Jessica, Garcia-Navarro, E. Begona, Garladinne, Prasad, Ghajjou, Oussama, Gkinopoulos, Theofilos, Gray, Kurt, Griffin, Siobhan M., Gronfeldt, Bjarki, Gurung, Ranju Lama, Halperin, Eran, Harris, Elizabeth, Herzon, Volo, Hruska, Matej, Huang, Guanxiong, Hudecek, Matthias F. C., Isler, Ozan, Jangard, Simon, Jorgensen, Frederik J., Kachanoff, Frank, Kahn, John, Dangol, Apsara Katuwal, Keudel, Oleksandra, Koppel, Lina, Koverola, Mika, Kubin, Emily, Kunnari, Anton, Kutiyski, Yordan, Laguna, Oscar, Leota, Josh, Lermer, Eva, Levy, Jonathan, Levy, Neil, Li, Chunyun, Long, Elizabeth U., Longoni, Chiara, Maglic, Marina, McCashin, Darragh, Metcalf, Alexander L., Miklousic, Igor, El Mimouni, Soulaimane, Miura, Asako, Molina-Paredes, Juliana, Monroy-Fonseca, Cesar, Morales-Marente, Elena, Moreau, David, Muda, Rafa?, Myer, Annalisa, Nash, Kyle, Nesh-Nash, Tarik, Nitschke, Jonas P., Nurse, Matthew S., Ohtsubo, Yohsuke, Oldemburgo de Mello, Victoria, O’Madagain, Cathal, Onderco, Michal, Palacios-Galvez, M. Soledad, Palomaki, Jussi, Pan, Yafeng, Papp, Zsofia, Parnamets, Philip, Paruzel-Czachura, Mariola, Pavlovic, Zoran, Payan-Gomez, Cesar, Perander, Silva, Pitman, Michael Mark, Prasad, Rajib, Pyrkosz-Pacyna, Joanna, Rathje, Steve, Raza, Ali, Re?go, Gabriel G., Rhee, Kasey, Robertson, Claire E., Rodriguez-Pascual, Ivan, Saikkonen, Teemu, Salvador-Ginez, Octavio, Sampaio, Waldir M., Santi, Gaia C., Santiago-Tovar, Natalia, Savage, David, Scheffer, Julian A., Scho?negger, Philipp, Schultner, David T., Schutte, Enid M., Scott, Andy, Sharma, Madhavi, Sharma, Pujan, Skali, Ahmed, Stadelmann, David, Stafford, Clara Alexandra, Stanojevic, Dragan, Stefaniak, Anna, Sternisko, Anni, Stoica, Augustin, Stoyanova, Kristina K., Strickland, Brent, Sundvall, Jukka, Thomas, Jeffrey P., Tingho?g, Gustav, Torgler, Benno, Traast, Iris J., Tucciarelli, Raffaele, Tyrala, Michael, Ungson, Nick D., Uysal, Mete S., Van Lange, Paul A. M., van Prooijen, Jan-Willem, van Rooy, Dirk, Vastfjall, Daniel, Verkoeijen, Peter, Vieira, Joana B., von Sikorski, Christian, Walker, Alexander Cameron, Watermeyer, Jennifer, Wetter, Erik, Whillans, Ashley, Willardt, Robin, Wohl, Michael J. A., Wojcik, Adrian Dominik, Wu, Kaidi, Yamada, Yuki, Yilmaz, Onurcan, Yogeeswaran, Kumar, Ziemer, Carolin-Theresa, Zwaan, Rolf A., Boggio, Paulo S., College of Administrative Sciences and Economics, and Department of Economics

Subjects
COVID-19, Disease transmission, Global perspective, Health policy, Health survey, Public health, Science and technology
Abstract

Understanding collective behaviour is an important aspect of managing the pandemic response. Here the authors show in a large global study that participants that reported identifying more strongly with their nation reported greater engagement in public health behaviours and support for public health policies in the context of the pandemic.Changing collective behaviour and supporting non-pharmaceutical interventions is an important component in mitigating virus transmission during a pandemic. In a large international collaboration (Study 1, N = 49,968 across 67 countries), we investigated self-reported factors associated with public health behaviours (e.g., spatial distancing and stricter hygiene) and endorsed public policy interventions (e.g., closing bars and restaurants) during the early stage of the COVID-19 pandemic (April-May 2020). Respondents who reported identifying more strongly with their nation consistently reported greater engagement in public health behaviours and support for public health policies. Results were similar for representative and non-representative national samples. Study 2 (N = 42 countries) conceptually replicated the central finding using aggregate indices of national identity (obtained using the World Values Survey) and a measure of actual behaviour change during the pandemic (obtained from Google mobility reports). Higher levels of national identification prior to the pandemic predicted lower mobility during the early stage of the pandemic (r = -0.40). We discuss the potential implications of links between national identity, leadership, and public health for managing COVID-19 and future pandemics., John Templeton Foundation (JTF); Narodowe Centrum Nauki (National Science Centre); UK Research & Innovation (UKRI); Medical Research Council UK (MRC); Economic Social Research Council Impact Acceleration Award; Economic Social Research Council Impact Acceleration Award; University of Oxford; Gouvernement du Canada Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada (Conseil de recherches en sciences humaines du Canada); Agentura na Podporu Vyskumu a Vyvoja (Slovak Research and Development Agency); Austrian Science Fund (FWF); Universitat Wien (University of Vienna); Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan (Ministry of Science and Technology of Taiwan); Aarhus Universitets Forskningsfond (Aarhus University Research Foundation); Swedish Research Council; Carlsberg Foundation; Ministarstvo Prosvete, Nauke i Tehnolokog Razvoja (Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development of the Republic of Serbia); NOMIS Stiftung (NOMIS Foundation); National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC); UK Research & Innovation (UKRI), Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC); French National Research Agency (ANR); German Research Foundation (DFG); Gouvernement du Canada | Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (Conseil de Recherches en Sciences Naturelles et en Genie du Canada); HKUST IEMS research grant project, funded by EY; Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior (Brazilian Federal Agency for the Support and Evaluation of Graduate Education); Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation | Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (National Council for Scientific and Technological Development); Research Council of Norway through its Centres of Excellence Scheme; Institute of Social Sciences Ivo Pilar; J. William Fulbright Program; Institute for Lifecourse Development, University of Greenwich; Project Pro.Co.P.E., IMT School; Ministry of Education, Universities and Research (MIUR); Princeton Graduate Student Research Funding (Program in Cognitive Science); Corruption Laboratory on Ethics, Accountability; Rule of Law (CLEAR); University of Virginia; Charles Koch Foundation; Center for the Science of Moral Understanding; Australian Research Council; Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, Japan (MEXT) Japan Society for the Promotion of Science Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research (KAKENHI); St Andrews and Stirling Graduate Programme Research Funding; Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (FAPESP); Seele Neuroscience Social Projects Fund

Published
2022

Catalog

Books, media, physical & digital resources
See catalog results