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This study examined the quality of life of 131 persons with dementia living in 10 assisted livingfacilities in a Midwestern state, using the observational method known as Dementia Care Mapping (DCM). Trained observers collected detailed information on the types of interactions and activities taking place among residents and staff on a given day. Key differences were noted between residents living in small, dementia-specific sites (10 to 28 residents) and those living in large sites that were not dementia-specific (40 to 63 residents). The latter group fared better overall with respect to quality of life and diversity of interactions and activities. Additional methods of examining quality of life among persons with dementia will be helpful to explain these differences.

Background: Nursing staff and care workers run an increased risk of work related musculoskeletal disorders such as low back pain. The Institution for Statutory Accident Insurance and Prevention in the Health and Welfare Services (BGW) offers its insured persons the opportunity to participate in a three-week Back College with the aim of preventing them having to abandon their profession due to back problems. The aim of the study was to record the effectiveness and sustainability of the Back College on an intermediate basis (6 months). Methods: As part of a single-group pre-post measurement on three survey dates – at the start (T0) and end (T1) of rehabilitation and 6 months later (T2) – in 2013 all participants in the Back College at three locations were surveyed using a standard questionnaire. Wilcoxon signed-rank tests were performed to evaluate statistically significant changes. Results: For measurement dates T0 to T2 we had 570 complete datasets (response rate 70.81%). There was a significant decrease in reported back pain and the general state of health and quality of life index improved. Participants' emotional strain decreased and they showed an improved understanding of illness as well as of having acquired knowledge-based abilities and skills for dealing with the disease. After training, they recorded back-friendly behaviour in everyday life and opportunities to relieve strain on the spinal column were utilised at work more often. Participants' subjective assessment of their ability to work (Work Ability Index) improved. Conclusion: The present study proved the intermediate effectiveness of the Back College curriculum. Whether these effects remain stable in the long term will be tested on the subsequent measurement date (T3, after 24 months). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]