1. Extreme delta brush patterns guide the complex motor phenomenon of anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis
- Author
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Chen, Yu-Ming and Kuo, Pei-Hsin
- Subjects
Anti-N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor Encephalitis ,extreme delta brush ,musculoskeletal, neural, and ocular physiology ,seizure ,Electroencephalography ,anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis ,Young Adult ,nervous system ,Seizures ,Humans ,Female ,Clinical Case Report ,movement disorder ,Research Article - Abstract
Rationale: Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (anti-NMDAR) encephalitis is an autoimmune disease that is associated with cell-surface NMDAR-targeting autoantibodies. Typical anti-NMDAR encephalitis symptoms include psychosis, seizure and extrapyramidal side effects. However, early diagnosis of anti-NMDAR encephalitis remains challenging due to the complexity of the motor phenomenon. Patient concerns: Here, we report a new diagnosis of anti-NMDAR encephalitis in a young woman with a history of epilepsy. Diagnoses: Electroencephalography revealed a typical “extreme delta brush” pattern, which indicated anti-NMDAR encephalitis. Interventions: The clinical status of the patient markedly improved after immediate and aggressive immunosuppression therapies. Outcomes: The patient was discharged with mild cognitive impairment. However, this was completely resolved 1 month postdischarge. Lessons: We conclude that subacute onset focal seizure with psychosis as well as compatible electroencephalography findings (i.e., extreme delta brush patterns) should be considered notable early indicators of anti-NMDAR encephalitis. This would ensure early and effective clinical interventions, which are essential for favorable outcomes.
- Published
- 2020