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The principal objective of this study was to profile qualitative research in social sciences through a comprehensive examination of 10,637 documents. An analysis on how scholars from central/peripheral countries included in the qualitative research citations/publications is presented. Central/peripheral distinction is used to determine the trends in the globalization of qualitative research. With the comprehensive examination, this paper will shed light on the discussion of the patterns of globalization in qualitative research. Science mapping technique among bibliometric methods was employed. This paper is based on studies that published in journals that use the English word/term "qualitative" in their titles. The data for this study encompassed 10,637 documents published between 1995 and 2019 by 16,884 authors. Our findings reveal that qualitative research continue to be mostly North America- and Europe-centered initiatives. A similar situation is also observed for the most cited publications and the affiliated institutes of their authors. The studies focus primarily on the individuals' self and social experiences, social psychology, and their knowledge, attitude, and behaviors in education. The most cited publications and the institutions with the highest number of publications are all North America- and Europe-centered. Another finding is that six of every 10 qualitative research are about medical sciences.

Copyright of Comunicação e Sociedade is the property of Universidade do Minho, Centro de Estudos de Comunicacao e Sociedade and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Purpose -- This paper aims to contribute to the growing body of empirical evaluations of workers' subjective well being by assessing the impact of values, beliefs, important job attributes and autonomous institution building on employees' job satisfaction across ten countries in Central and Eastern Europe. Design/methodology/approach -- Data derived from the European Values Study 1999/2000 is being utilised, which provides detailed information not only on job satisfaction and socio-demographic characteristics, but also on individuals' subjective views, beliefs and important job attributes. Following a descriptive narrative on the transformation in emerging market economies, ordered probit regressions are performed to determine the significance of these characteristics, values and beliefs on workers' job satisfaction. Findings -- The empirical findings suggest that reported attitudes, values and beliefs and their impact on job satisfaction evince traits of a legacy of communist industrial relations as well as subsequent experiences with economic and social transition. What is more, the study also uncovers the positive influence of trust and confidence in autonomous institution building on workers' job satisfaction, specifically in the context of reformed trade unions, education and social security. Originality/value -- In previous studies, job satisfaction has been examined primarily in Western Europe and the USA. In contrast, empirical examinations to identify the determinants of job satisfaction for employees in Central and Eastern Europe have not figured prominently in this literature. This paper adds value by providing robust empirical results for this region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The focus in this paper is on the social domain of quality of life, and more particularly loneliness. The empirical literature on older adult loneliness is reviewed, thereby challenging three often-held assumptions that figure prominently in public debates on loneliness. The first assumption that loneliness is a problem specifically for older people finds only partial support. Loneliness is common only among the very old. The second assumption is that people in individualistic societies are most lonely. Contrary to this belief, findings show that older adults in northern European countries tend to be less lonely than those in the more familialistic southern European countries. The scarce data on Central and Eastern Europe suggest a high prevalence of older adult loneliness in those countries. The third assumption that loneliness has increased over the past decades finds no support. Loneliness levels have decreased, albeit slightly. The review notes the persistence of ageist attitudes, and underscores the importance of considering people’s frame of reference and normative orientation in analyses of loneliness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The phenomenon of immigration has led to an important increase in the number of social programmes and services for migrant populations in many European countries. However, some investigations have shown that the use of formal resources is extremely low in these groups. In contrast to the limited utilization of programmes and services, research in the field of social psychology has revealed that the primary source of help and support for immigrants is their own informal social network. After analysing the characteristics, advantages and limitations of formal and informal support systems, this paper presents a typology of social support interventions with migrant populations that integrates both types of support. Four levels are differentiated: dyadic interventions, social network interventions, mutual aid groups and community interventions. The development of programmes to strengthen the informal support system is emphasized as an alternative to integrating formal and informal resources in social work practice with migrant populations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents abstracts of various papers related to immigration in Europe that were published in several periodicals. One of the papers discussed is "Planned Indian Immigration: The Role of the High Commissions," by B.A. Chansarkar. This paper offers a critique of some of the existing arrangements for the movement of voucher holders out of India and into Great Britain and makes a number of specific proposals as to how these might be improved, particularly under the aegis of the particular High Commissions concerned. Another paper discussed is "A Shipboard Study of Some British Born Immigrants Returning to the United Kingdom From Australia," by Alan Richardson. The aim of this study is to explore some of the psycho-social determinants of return migration among British born married, male, skilled, manual workers and to compare those who intend to resettle permanently in Great Britain with those who were undecided about resettling there. A tentative conclusion suggested by the results is that permanent' returnees are more likely to be motivated by economic considerations. The undecided returnees, on the other hand, are more likely to be motivated by emotional considerations.

In this article, we examine the relationship between safety culture and national culture, and the implications of this relationship for international safety culture assessments. Focussing on Hofstede's uncertainty avoidance ( UA) index, a survey study of 13,616 Air Traffic Management employees in 21 European countries found a negative association between safety culture and national norm data for UA. This is theorized to reflect the influence of national tendencies for UA upon attitudes and practices for managing safety (e.g., anxiety on risk; reliance on protocols; concerns over reporting incidents; openness to different perspectives). The relationship between UA and safety culture is likely to have implications for international safety culture assessments. Specifically, benchmarking exercises will consistently indicate safety management within organizations in high UA countries to be poorer than low UA countries due to the influence of national culture upon safety practices, which may limit opportunities for identifying and sharing best practice. We propose the use of safety culture against international group norms ( SIGN) scores to statistically adjust for the influence of UA upon safety culture data, and to support the identification of safety practices effective and particular to low or high UA cultures. Practitioner points National cultural tendencies for uncertainty avoidance (UA) are negatively associated with safety culture., This indicates that employee safety-related attitudes and practices may be influenced by national culture, and thus factors outside the direct control of organizational management., International safety culture assessments should attempt to determine the influence of national culture upon safety culture in order that benchmarking exercises compare aspects of safety management and not national culture., Safety culture against international group norms (SIGN) scores provide a potential way to do this, and can facilitate the identification of best practice within countries operating in a low or high UA cultural cluster. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Organizational downsizing has become highly common during the global recession of the late 2000s with severe repercussions on employment. We examine whether the severity of the downsizing process is associated with a greater likelihood of depressive symptoms among displaced workers, internally redeployed workers and lay-off survivors. Methods: A cross-sectional survey involving telephone interviews was carried out in France, Hungary, Sweden and the United Kingdom. The study analyzes data from 758 workers affected by medium- and large-scale downsizing, using multiple logistic regression. Main Results: Both unemployment and surviving layoffs were significantly associated with depressive symptoms, as compared to reemployment, but the perceived procedural justice of a socially responsible downsizing process considerably mitigated the odds of symptoms. Perception of high versus low justice was assessed along several downsizing dimensions. In the overall sample, chances to have depressive symptoms were significantly reduced if respondents perceived the process as transparent and understandable, fair and unbiased, well planned and democratic; if they trusted the employer’s veracity and agreed with the necessity for downsizing. The burden of symptoms was significantly greater if the process was perceived to be chaotic. We further tested whether perceived justice differently affects the likelihood of depressive symptoms among distinct groups of workers. Findings were that the odds of symptoms largely followed the same patterns of effects across all groups of workers. Redeploying and supporting surplus employees through the career change process–rather than forcing them to become unemployed–makes a substantial difference as to whether they will suffer from depressive symptoms. Conclusions: While depressive symptoms affect both unemployed and survivors, a just and socially responsible downsizing process is important for the emotional health of workers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article provides theoretical and empirical directions for research on material collective memory, drawing on the phenomenon of historical kitchen gardens in Europe. The gardens of Europe's open-air folk museums, the tourism-oriented gardens of monasteries and aristocratic manor houses-turned museums, as well as the show gardens of a growing network of people committed to preserving agricultural biodiversity, are rich sites in which to explore fundamental questions about collective memory, in particular the role of agents of memory, the phenomenon of prosthetic memory, the varying conceptions of authenticity, and the importance of studying forgetting alongside remembering. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: International youth holiday resorts feature many of the key risk factors for violence, including large numbers of bars and nightclubs and high levels of substance use. However, little information currently exists on the extent of violence amongst holidaymakers or factors that increase risks of involvement in fights on holiday. Methods: A cross-sectional comparative survey of 3003 British, German and Spanish holidaymakers aged 16-35 years, undertaken in the departure areas of Ibiza and Majorca (Spain) airports. Results: Nightlife was the most common reason for destination choice in both locations. Overall, more than half of participants reported drinking to drunkenness at least 2 days per week during their holiday (59.3% Majorca, 58.0% Ibiza; significantly lower in Spanish participants in both locations). Levels of illicit drug use were highest in Ibiza and in British and Spanish holidaymakers. Levels of violence were highest in Majorca, where 6.4% of participants reported involvement in a fight, compared with 2.8% in Ibiza. However, after controlling for confounding factors, holiday destination was not a significant predictor of violence. Predictors of fighting were being male, young, British, frequent drunkenness and use of cannabis or cocaine during the holiday. Use of ecstasy on holiday was associated with not being involved in violence. Conclusions: High levels of substance use contribute to violence being a relatively common feature of young people's visits to international holiday resorts. To protect the health and well-being of holidaymakers and local populations in popular resorts, violence and substance use prevention must adapt to an increasingly globalized nightlife. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Between the crimes in the suites and the crimes in the streets lies the mostly unexplored terrain within which we find crimes of ‘everyday life’. Not all of these are formally illegal, but all are generally seen as morally dubious. Most of the crimes of everyday life are committed in the contemporary marketplace, and by those who think of themselves (and are mostly considered by others) as respectable citizens. We contextualize normative orientations that are conducive to such types of behaviour using a framework that links E. P. Thompson's (1963) concept of the ‘moral economy’ with Institutional Anomie Theory (Messner and Rosenfeld 1994, 2007). Findings from a comparative survey study in three economic change regions (England and Wales, Western and Eastern Germany) show that a syndrome of market anomie comprising distrust, fear and cynical attitudes toward law increases the willingness of respectable citizens to engage in illegal and unfair practices in the marketplace. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study examines change over time in sentiments toward out-group populations in European societies. For this purpose data were compiled from four waves of the Eurobarometer surveys for 12 countries that provided detailed and comparable information on attitudes toward foreigners between 1988 and 2000. A series of multilevel hierarchical linear models were estimated to examine change in the effects of individual- and country-level sources of threat on anti-foreigner sentiment. The analysis shows a substantial rise in anti-foreigner sentiment between 1988 and 2000 in all 12 countries. The rise in anti-foreigner sentiment was steep in the early period (between 1988 and 1994), then leveled off after that. Although anti-foreigner sentiment tends to be more pronounced in places with a large proportion of foreign populations and where economic conditions are less prosperous, the effects of both factors on anti-foreigner sentiment have not changed over time. The analysis also shows that anti-foreigner sentiment is more pronounced in places with greater support for right-wing extreme parties. The impact of individual-level socioeconomic characteristics such as education has remained stable over the years, but the effect of political ideology has increased. The meaning and significance of the findings are discussed within the context of European societies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article seeks to develop a concept of ‘security governance’ in the context of post-Cold War Europe. The validity of a governance approach lies in its ability to locate some of the distinctive ways in which European security has been coordinated, managed and regulated. Based on an examination of the way governance is utilised in other political fields of political analysis, the article identifies the concept of security governance as involving the coordinated management and regulation of issues by multiple and separate authorities, the interventions of both public and private actors (depending upon the issue), formal and informal arrangements, in turn structured by discourse and norms, and purposefully directed toward particular policy outcomes. Three issues are examined to demonstrate the utility of the concept of security governance for understanding security in post-Cold War Europe: the transformation of NATO, the Europeanisation of security accomplished through EU-led initiatives and, finally, the resultant dynamic relationship between forms of exclusion and inclusion in governance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents information about the emergence and development of the pan-European Euromarch campaign. The Euromarch campaign was started in a situation in Europe where over 20 million people were unemployed and 50 million live at or below the poverty line. Euromarch has developed into a network of activists who are organised under the auspices of a pan-European secretariat based in Paris, France. File trade unionists, political activists and social movement campaigners are involved with Euromarch.

The article focuses on the revolutionary process, political strategy and the dilemma of power in Marxist movements. One of the most troublesome dilemmas encountered by Marxist movements and regimes is how to effectively combine two distinct sets of tasks, the instrumental, which includes above all the struggle to conquer and maintain political power and the prefigurative, which expresses the ultimate end of the revolutionary process itself. Historically, the three archetypical strategies — Leninism, structural reformism and anarcho-communism have all failed to integrate these two dimensions. The supposed mechanics of capitalist development undercut the need for a conscious, well thought-out scheme of transition or any real elaboration of new socialist structure. The strategic paralysis created by this schema is theoretically significant. The disintegration of the European Social Democratic strategy was hastened by the Russian Revolution and the political success of the Bolshevik model. In advanced capitalist societies, classical Leninism has generally given way to the strategy of structural reforms. Another alternative to the instrumentalist strategies is the Jacobinism-II, a variant of Leninism.

The article focuses on the social processes that took place during the first millenium AD in Europe and Mediterranean Region. These social processes which include the decline of classical antiquity, the rise of Western Europe and the integration of the barbarian world with mainstream developments has already been illuminated by both written historical sources and the material remains of the past as studied by archeology. However, archaeological studies during this period are still far from being integrated. The author presents his personal view rooted on his knowledge in general archeology and history focusing on factors such as settlement, production and exchange as well as the rise and fall of social formations.

The article focuses on the remarkable development of empirical social science in Europe, since the World War II, with considerable stimulus from the writings and visits of American social scientists. The massive data of public opinion polling may be considered as directly psychological, but they have been largely descriptive of attitude frequencies, thereby avoiding the deeper problems of their origins and place of attitudes in the respondent's psychological world. More interesting have been the large number of studies relating political attitudes to various social categories, such as economic class, education, and occupation. The form of these relationships has been that of a specific psychological attitude on the one side and that of a sociological category on the other. Political generalizations of this sociological-psychological form possess interesting properties. They can indeed serve as a source of psychological hypotheses, which must then be tested directly.

The article presents news related to public opinion research as of September 1, 1948. The Third International Conference on Public Opinion Research was held at Eagles Mere, Pennsylvania, September 12-15, under the joint sponsorship of the American Association for Public Opinion Research and the World Congress on Public Opinion Research. Meeting in Amsterdam, September 15-17, public opinion researchers from seven European countries formed the European Society for Public Opinion and Market Research The functions of this organization are - to represent European researchers using field surveys, to indicate standards which seem desirable, to exchange experience and information, to further the interests of public opinion and market research and of researchers, and to meet periodically. More and more people have become concerned with public opinion research in recent years, and the number of areas of specialization within the field has increased enormously. The journal, Public Opinion Quarterly's subscription list is divided into four approximately equal parts- one-fourth libraries as well as public and educational collections, one-fourth academic people, one-fourth businessmen and commercial enterprises and the rest journalists, foundations, governmental agencies, and unclassifiables.

The article focuses on the anthropological research on contemporary cultural development being conducted in Lublin, Poland. According to the author, there is a need to concentrate on contemporary individual and social life in the fabric of the possibilities created by the new world civilization and on the influence of historical circumstances on ongoing cultural development. The approach may establish specially effective in the analysis of the cultural changes taking place in Eastern and Central Europe and in the southern regions of the former Soviet Union. The people of these countries are assaying their national identity, and fear and anxiety about their future cause them to controvert each other.