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This paper considers the objective performance evaluation of kernel-based time-frequency distributions (TFDs) using several concentration performance measures and resolution examination through a deep analysis of time slice plots. On the other hand, the numerical complexity of each TFD is evaluated; a parameter that is particularly critical when real-time implementation is intended. The performance of TFDs based on time-lag kernels with compact support (KCS) namely the Cheriet–Belouchrani (CB), the separable (CB) (SCB) and the polynomial CB (PCB) TFDs is compared to the well-known kernel-based TFDs using several tests on real-life and multicomponent signals with linear and nonlinear frequency modulation (FM) components including the noise effects and the influence of the kernel length. In all presented examples, the time-lag KCS TFDs, and particularly the PCB TFD, provide the best compromise between highest autoterm resolution and interference rejection while still requiring moderate computational costs thanks to the compact support nature of their kernels that reduces the number of points needing computation. On the other hand, the derived distributions do not require any smoothing window neither in time nor frequency in order to achieve the best time-frequency resolution. Furthermore, they have an extremely interesting practical advantage since their adjustment is performed by simply changing a single parameter which is integer for the PCB TFD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper proposes an analytical solution for the parameter estimation of a moving acoustic source from the instantaneous frequency of a recorded signal on a ground located microphone. The acoustic source could be either a propeller-driven aircraft or a helicopter. During the transit of such acoustic source, the Doppler effect is exploited to estimate the speed, altitude, source frequency and the closest point of approach (CPA) time between the source and the microphone. The proposed solution is an original workout of an existing time–frequency based approach which has been applied previously to localize a propeller-driven aircraft. In contrast to existing solutions, the main advantage of the proposed one is the direct estimation of the flight parameters without resorting to any iterative procedure. The proposed approach is faster, less complex and therefore a good candidate for hardware implementation. The proposed solution is compared with respect to the existing approach in term of parameter estimation, performance and computation complexity. Experimental validations of the proposed solution are also presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]