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The objective of this paper is to determine the changes on some performance of the Mohair (Ankara) goats farming system during 2017-2018. In this study, we examine production of the goats farms of Ankara province. Economic analysis is implemented by using data from 45 Turkish mohair goat farmers. The gross production value of the establishments is increased for the business groups according to the business groups, ranging from 495,148.74 Turkish Liras (TL) to 731,154.09 TL. According to the average of the establishments, the goat breeding activity is 58.28%, the vegetable production is 40.64% and the sheep breeding activity is 1.08%. In group 1, the share of the mohair in the value of animal production was 13.03%, while it was 14.37% in group 2. According to the establishment groups, the variable costs for vegetable production varying between 15,346.91 TL and 46,411.88 TL, while this value is 38,818.22 TL for the average of the establishments. According to the establishment groups, the variable costs in animal production vary between 91,127.86 TL and 263,160.36 TL. While the total gross profit per establishment in the examined establishments is between 398,915.15 TL and 560,170.95 TL. There was an employee problem with 30.00%, with feed prices with 26.67% and mohair prices with 25.00%, respectively, in the first group. 18.18% of the establishments in the first group and 12.50% of the establishments in the second group have been educated on herd management. Within the scope of the research, it was determined which supports were used by the establishments and it was determined that earrings and mohair support were used the most according to the results of the research. Within the scope of the research, 61.76% of the establishments in the 1st groups use agricultural loans and this rate is 81.82% in the 2nd group establishments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The current paper primarily investigates teaching satisfaction of teachers working in public high schools of Ankara. The latter aim of this study is to determine whether teachers' satisfaction levels vary in relation to some demographic variables such as gender, education, type of high school, tenure, marital status, and membership to an educational union. The study group consists of 337 (182 female and 155 male) high school teachers from eight public high schools located in Ankara. The data collection tool was 'Teaching Satisfaction Scale-TSS' developed by Ho and Au (2006). The data was analyzed by utilizing t test, ANOVA, and LSD test of post hoc tests. The construct validity of the scale was tested by confirmatory factor analysis on AMOS 23.0 program. For the reliability of the scale, Cronbach alpha coefficient was calculated, and the result verified that the TSS is a reliable assessment tool for evaluating teaching satisfaction. Further, the implications of teaching satisfaction in educational organizations is discussed based on the findings of the study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The primary aim of this paper is to show the links between women's demographic characteristics and their political participation. Focusing on low female participation in politics, we carried out a survey with 408 women living in Ankara, Turkey. The paper attempts to answer the following questions: What is the level of female political participation? What are the obstacles preventing female political participation? What is the level of female participation in political parties and Non-Governmental Organizations? What kind of links can be made between women's demographic characteristics and their political attitudes and behaviors? What suggestions could be made to increase female political participation? Findings reveal that women's active political participation in Turkey is not at the expected level. There are several barriers to their higher involvement. Women are still not independent of their families and are influenced by the politics of their parents and spouse. This can also be seen as a sign of patriarchy. Several suggestions are made to improve the existing situation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper describes a floristic study on Kirmir valley, between Güdül and Yesilöz district, in Ankara province. The study was carried out during 2000-2003 and 1040 vascular plant specimens were collected. Four hundred and forty-eight wild taxa belonging to 266 genera and 74 families were determined. Furthermore, as for cultivated plants, 45 taxa were determined. The total number of wild and cultivated plant species is 493. Thirty-two of the wild taxa are endemic to Turkey and the rate of endemism is 7.1%. The 3 largest families are Asteraceae (43 taxa), Brassicaceae (40 taxa), and Fabaceae (37 taxa). The largest 3 genera are Alyssum L. with 10 taxa, Veronica L. with 7 taxa and Salvia L., Astragalus L. and Vicia L. with 6 taxa. The phytogeographical distribution of the wild species is as follows: Irano-Turanian elements 73 (16.3%), Mediterranean elements 46 (10.3%) and Euro-Siberian elements 43 (9.6%). Forty-seven species are new records for the A4 square. Similarities between the taxa and ratio of phytogeographical elements of Kirmir valley and those of 10 other studies performed near our study area were compared using clustering analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Cigarette pack design plays a crucial role in attracting customers, especially when other marketing methods are limited by policy. University students who engage in casual smoking take the risk of developing an addiction. The objective of this study was to assess the effects of plain packaging (PP) and graphic health warnings (GHWs) on cigarette packages on three outcome variables (negative affect, avoidant responses, and intentions to quit) among ever-smoker university students in Ankara, Turkey, where youth smoking prevalence is high. Methods: An online survey-based experiment was used to collect data. The respondents were randomly assigned to one of the five conditions that contained images of cigarette packs with specific design elements. Regression analyses (n = 623) were used to compare across conditions and to estimate the effects of combined warnings (versus text-only warnings), stronger GHWs (versus old GHWs), and PP (versus branded packages) on the outcome variables, accounting for potential confounders. Results: Stronger GHWs generated more negative affect (0.31 points out of 5, p = 0.010) and avoidant responses (0.42 points out of 5, p = 0.002) than old warnings (when brand logos were visible). Plain packages generated more negative affect (0.48 points out of 5, p < 0.001) and avoidant responses (0.46 points out of 5, p = 0.001) than branded packages (with old warnings). Disentangling the effects of PP and new GHWs revealed that neither had individual differential effect on intentions to quit within 6 months. Conclusions: Although no differential effect of PP or harsher GHWs was found on intentions to quit when respondents were exposed to images on screen, both design elements were found to be effective in generating negative affect and avoidant responses. More work is needed to design effective tobacco control measures among youth during critical years of tertiary education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of International Relations / Uluslararasi Iliskiler is the property of International Relations Council and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

A gradient boosting regression tree (GBT) approach is introduced for 1- and 3-month-ahead standardized precipitation–evapotranspiration index (SPEI) classification for Antalya and Ankara in Turkey. First, the numerical target series of SPEI-6 was converted into the categorical vectors of extreme wet, wet, near normal, dry, and extremely dry labels. Then, a GBT model was trained and validated using the lagged SPEI-6 series of four global grid points closest to each city. The model efficiency was surveyed in terms of kappa, overall accuracy, misclassification rate, class recall, class precision, and F1 score. The GBT was also compared with the traditional decision tree and state-of-the-art random forest models developed as the benchmarks. Despite facing the unbalanced label vectors, the GBT approach showed promising processing performance with an overall accuracy of 77% (83%) and 74% (72%) in Antalya (Ankara) at 1- and 3-month-ahead prediction scenarios, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Arm anthropometry is a commonly used method for determining the nutritional status of children and adolescents. The purpose of the study is to evaluate the arm anthropometry of 1484 children and adolescents (760 boys and 724 girls) aged between 6-17 years. The sample groups are selected who are living in Ankara to establish local reference values. In order to determine upper Arm Muscle Area (AMA) and upper Arm Fat Area (AFA), height, weight, upper arm circumference and triceps skinfold thickness measurements were taken in accordance with International Biological Program (IBP) protocols. Smoothed percentiles of AMA and AFA were obtained. Body mass index was calculated with weight and height measurements (kg/m2). Fat mass (FM) and fat free mass (FFM) were measured using bio-impedance analyzer. According to the obtained results, arm muscle area values were higher in boys and arm fat area was higher in girls. In addition, sex difference in these variables increased with age. There was a high positive correlation between body mass index (BMI) and AMA, AFA. It has been found that there is a difference in AMA and AFA values for Ankara children compared to previous studies in Turkey. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Using regionally downscaled and adjusted outputs of three global climate models (GCMs), meteorological drought analysis was accomplished across Ankara, the capital city of Turkey. To this end, standardized precipitation index (SPI) and standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index (SPEI) were projected under (representative concentration pathway) RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 greenhouse gas scenarios. In general, our results show that Ankara experienced six severe and two extreme drought events during the reference period, 1971–2000. However, the projections indicate fewer drought events for the near-future period of 2016–2040, with no potential extreme drought events. While the RCP4.5 scenario showed that dry spells will be dominant in the second half of the near-future period, the RCP8.5 scenario projected that dry spells will be evenly distributed during the entire near-future period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Genetika (0534-0012) is the property of Serbian Genetics Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The main objective of this study is to identify and record the folk medicines used in Çamlıdere (Ankara) as well as to contribute to the preservation of this precious lore. For this purpose field trips were organized to Çamlıdere. A total of 79 taxa belonging to 66 genera and 33 families were recorded for the treatment of various disorders. The most represented families were Asteraceae, Lamiaceae, and Rosaceae, respectively. Respiratory tract diseases were the principal reasons for using folk medicines. Eight new folk medicines were included in the Turkish ethnobotanical repository with this study. Different ethnobotanical usages such as fuel and food were also noted. Our data obtained from the research area showed some uses of plants that were newly introduced to the folk medicinal literature of Turkey. Moreover, "Use value", "Informant consensus factor", and "Cultural importance index" were also calculated to evaluate the data statistically. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Turkish Journal of Biology is the property of Scientific and Technical Research Council of Turkey and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences is the property of Scientific and Technical Research Council of Turkey and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The objective of this study was to determine the air pollution level of Ankara and to generate the air pollution map of this city by using Pseudevernia furfuracea (L.) Zopf as a biomonitor. Lichen samples were collected from unpolluted area at Yaprakli Mountains, Cankiri in November 2002 and transplanted to 27 localities in Ankara. Lichen samples were retrieved following an exposure of 3 and 6 months. Heavy metal, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn, contents were determined by using inductively coupled plasma spectrometry (ICP). The chlorophyll a and b contents were determined by using DMSO method. The increase in Ni, Pb, Zn and chlorophyll a content of the specimens were statistically important. All the increases and decreases in the variables could be explained by the environmental stress like pollution, but it is hard to say that this is the only reason of these changes, also climatic conditions, seasons, strength of the light and the physiological status of the plant itself effective on these changes. According to the results of heavy metal analysis Pseudevernia furfuracea continued to accumulate heavy metals and worked well as a biomonitor. The air pollution level of Ankara shows great variations because of the great area of the city. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]