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Background: Medical schools have a major impact on future doctors' ethics and their attitudes towards cooperation with the pharmaceutical industry. From childhood, medical students who are related to a physician are exposed to the characteristics of a medical career and learn its professional ethics not only in school but also in the family setting. The present paper sought to answer the research question: 'How does growing up with a physician influence medical students' perceptions of conflicts of interest in their relationships with industry?'Methods: An anonymous questionnaire was completed by 451 medical students from four Philadelphia medical schools and 554 medical students from Warsaw Medical University during 2013. Medical schools in these two cities were chosen because they are both university cities with similar population sizes. Students who had and who did not have a family member working as a physician were compared using chi-square analysis. Data were analysed for each country separately.Results: For both the US and Poland, there were statistically significant differences (p < .05) between medical students with a physician as a family member and other students with respect to views regarding relationship with the pharmaceutical industry. In both groups, this difference occurred for three important dimensions: students' relationship with the pharmaceutical industry; students' views on physicians' rights to cooperate with the pharmaceutical industry; trust in the pharmaceutical industry. In the US, students related to a doctor were characterized by more restrictive opinions on all three dimensions than other students (e.g., 27.8% of the former students vs. 31.4% of the latter students thought doctors had unrestricted rights to cooperate with the industry). However, the contrary was observed in Poland: students with a physician in the family had less strict views than their colleagues (e.g., 56.8% of the former vs. 39.7% of the latter thought that doctors should have unrestricted rights of cooperation).Conclusions: In Poland, a former communist country, physicians transmit a more liberal approach towards collaboration with the pharmaceutical industry to their student relatives than those in the US. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents information that the program of the 50th anniversary meeting of the Association of American Geographers will be held on April 11-15, 1954 at the University of Pennsylvania and the Penn-Sherwood Hotel Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Members having professional material to exhibit would have to communicate with university of California. The program committee appointed by the Council is instructed by it to arrange a program of invited papers suitable for the fiftieth anniversary meetings.

At the University of Pennsylvania, an accounting plan has been developed which fundamentally arrives at a deficit or surplus for each department, which in turn is closed into the general deficit account. One obtains figures upon the instructional salaries, other salaries and wages, and departmental current expense and distribute the general overhead of the various departments upon various bases, so that the cost system, which appears on the surface to be quite an elaborate set-up is in reality very simple. It is realized that budgeted expenses do not necessarily have any relation to the income or receipts of any school or department due to the inter-relationship of the several faculties of instruction. It may be also noted that the budgets of the various departments do not include a charge for the building expense, general expense, or for instruction furnished by other school or departments. Separate budgets are of course prepared under budget administrators for building expense, and the various items finally closed into general university expenses. Later in this paper is a discussion of the method of charging the instructional expenses to the various schools and departments.

Purpose: Learning to perform and document patient history taking and physical exam (H&P) entails a major component of the first year academic education of physician assistant (PA) students at Wayne State University USA. The H&P is summative of multiple aspects of PA education, and students must master communication with patients and other health care providers. The objectives of this study were first, to determine if there was a correlation between scores on the Graduate Record Examination (GRE) component testing and scores on graded H&Ps. The second objective was to identify a correlation between proficiency with H&P documentation and academic and clinical year grade point average (GPA) and Physician Assistant National Certifying Exam (PANCE) score. Methods: Subjects included 147 PA students from Wayne State University from 2014-2016. PA students visited local hospitals or outpatient clinics during the academic year to perform and document patient H&Ps. Correlation between the H&P mean scores and GRE component scores, CPAs, and PANCE scores were analyzed. Results: The subjects were 26.5 years-old (+6.5) and 111 females (75.5%). There was no correlation between the GRE component score and the H&P mean score. The H&P score was positively correlated with GPA 1 (r=0.512, P<0.001), with GPA 2 (r=0.425, P<0.001) and with PANCE score (r=0.448, P<0.001). Conclusion: PA student skill with H&P documentation was positively related to academic performance score during PA school and achievement score on the PANCE at Wayne State University USA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the U.S. universities technology transfer offices (TTO) strategy of developing models for increasing returns on research investments. The University of Pennsylvania's TTO is discussed. Philadelphia's economic condition is reviewed. Venture capitalist John Swartley who started the TTO is profiled. University of Miami's TTO up gradation is also mentioned. The article includes a list of top 15 TTOs in life sciences in 2013.

The study of African American history was mandated in Philadelphia's public schools beginning in 1970. This mandate was a natural outgrowth of the civil rights movement of the 1960s. A march on the school board by students to protest the lack of any substantive content in their curriculum focused on the lives of people of African descent provided the catalyst for this shift in policy maker awareness but, more than 30 years later, the mandate remains largely unfulfilled in Philadelphia schools and many others around the country. Strained interactions between recently arrived African students and their African American peers in one Philadelphia high school prompted the present study. Five activities were designed to provide a more congruent history of the African heritage that these young people share. Many students of African descent continue to struggle to be reconnected to the rich African traditions from which they originated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Presents a survey of college graduates from three Pittsburgh-area universities in an effort to understand why many college graduates leave western Pennsylvania as of May 1, 2003. Theories of brain drain and migration patterns; Findings from a logistic regression analysis; Reasons for the continued loss of disproportionate numbers of minorities and graduates in the region.

Describes the academic life of a Native American English professor at a wealthy college in Pennsylvania. Attitude of other faculty members toward the Nativeness of the professor; Goal of the professor; Racism experienced by the professor.

This research examines the structural and spatial features of Pennsylvania nonmetropolitan places with net outmigration, 1940-60, and net inmigration, 1960-70, in comparison with Pennsylvania nonmetropolitan places with net outmigration, 1940-70. A one-way analysis of variance and step-wise discriminant function analysis were used for this purpose. The nonmetropolitan places which turned around to net inmigration between 1960 and 1970 were smaller in size, less densely populated, closer to SMSAS, and had smaller proportions of residents 15-24 years of age than the continuous net outmigration areas. Turnaround areas were also more likely to have colleges or military bases, and they were functionally specialized in services and finance. The changing functional needs for labor force skills by society and metropolitan spillover were suggested as major influences resulting in this nonmetropolitan turnaround. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The organization of American economic geography and the enunciation of a new, human- focused conceptual orientation appropriate to it have been attributed to scholars at the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania. I argue here that such attribution is too limited and does disservice to the rich history of the discipline. Economic geography as a university subject was introduced by economists influenced by German economic historicism. It was adopted by departments of geography when abandoned by economists. Earliest formulations of a new non-Davisian model of geographic inquiry were the work of individuals not connected with the Wharton group of Emory Johnson, J. Russell Smith, J. Paul Goode, and Walter S. Tower. The general recognition of the philosophic and subject organization contribution of the Pennsylvania group is appropriate but made more realistic by a fuller understanding of the diverse roots of American economic geography. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article offers information on the approval of an atomic energy control recommendation. About three hundred representatives from thirty-one Pennsylvania colleges approved an atomic energy control proposal after heated deliberation at a recent congress in Harrisburg, Pennsylvania. The students maintained the tenet that nuclear power should be controlled exclusively by a regulation group of the United Nations. It is understood that such move will discourage the spread of illegal use of this kind of destructive energy.