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Peach (Pronos persien) is one of the most important and widely grown frtuit trees in China; however, perennial gummosis on trunks and branches is a major problem in peach orchards of Hnbei Province, one of the most important peach production areas of China. In order to ideistify the gurnmosis-causing agents, diseased trunks and branches were collected from II peach orchards in Hubei Province. Fungal isolates writ obtained fruits these samples, yielding three species: Botrvosplineriu dotlndeo (unamorph Fosicncrnm oencrdi), B. rhodinn (anantorph Leniodiplodia theobrornee), and B. obtusa (anamorph Diplodia seriata). They were identified bused on eonidiul morphology and cultural characteristics, as well as analyses of itnelentide sequences of three genomie regions; the internal transcribed spacer region, a partial sequence of the α-tubulin gene, and the translation elongation factor l-α gene. Fuoicoccson aesculi was found in ati It orchards hot C theobrosnae was found only in Shayang County in the Jingmen region and D. oeriato only in Gong'an County in the Jingehou region. Via artificial iuocutation using mycelia on woattded twigs or branches, these three species were alt toond to be pathogenic, causing dark lesions on the twigs and branches and, sometimes, gum exudation from diseased parts. Isolates of L. theobronme were the most virulent and caused the largest lesions and most copious gommosis, and D. seriutu had less gum than the other two species. This reporl represents the lirst description of L. thenbroroae and D. sonata as causal agents of gummosis on peach in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]