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The second calibration and intercomparison of infrared radiometers (Miami2001) was held at the University of Miami's Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science (RSMAS) during May–June 2001. The participants were from several groups involved with the validation of skin sea surface temperatures and land surface temperatures derived from the measurements of imaging radiometers on earth observation satellites. These satellite instruments include those currently on operational satellites and others that will be launched within two years following the workshop. There were two experimental campaigns carried out during the 1-week workshop: a set of measurements made by a variety of ship-based radiometers on board the Research Vessel F. G. Walton Smith in Gulf Stream waters off the eastern coast of Florida, and a set of laboratory measurements of typical external blackbodies used to calibrate these ship-based radiometers. This paper reports on the results obtained from the laboratory characterization on blackbody sources. A companion paper reports on the at-sea measurements. Five blackbody sources were intercompared by measurements of their brightness temperature using the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Thermal-infrared Transfer Radiometer (TXR). Four of these sources are used for calibration of sea surface temperature radiometers. The fifth was a NIST water bath blackbody used for calibration of the TXR. All blackbodies agreed to better than ±0.1°C at blackbody temperatures near the ambient room temperature. Some of the blackbodies had reduced effective emissivity relative to the NIST water bath blackbody, and hence they began to disagree at blackbody temperatures far enough away (>15°C) from the ambient room temperature. For these, relative effective emissivity values were determined so that corrections can be applied if they are used in conditions of nonlaboratory ambient temperatures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

What is the appropriate method for classifying Spanish-speaking-origin inhabitants of the United States? This paper presents relevant data from the first wave of a longitudinal study of adolescents in the greater Miami area. As expected, the broadest definition -"up to third generation" Hispanic- identified the largest proportion of the sample as Hispanic, whereas parent self-report placed the smallest proportion into the Hispanic category. When policy-makers are concerned about enumberating the entire Hispanic population, a definition broader than self-identification should be used; in estimating prevalence rates, however, the use of self-identification may be adequate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The second calibration and intercomparison of infrared radiometers (Miami2001) was held at the University of Miami's Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science (RSMAS) during a workshop held from May to June 2001. The radiometers targeted in these two campaigns (laboratory-based and at-sea measurements) are those used to validate the skin sea surface temperatures and land surface temperatures derived from the measurements of imaging radiometers on earth observation satellites. These satellite instruments include those on currently operational satellites and others that will be launched within two years following the workshop. The experimental campaigns were completed in one week and included laboratory measurements using blackbody calibration targets characterized by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), and an intercomparison of the radiometers on a short cruise on board the R/V F. G. Walton Smith in Gulf Stream waters off the eastern coast of Florida. This paper reports on the results obtained from the shipborne measurements. Seven radiometers were mounted alongside each other on the R/V Walton Smith for an intercomparison under seagoing conditions. The ship results confirm that all radiometers are suitable for the validation of land surface temperature, and the majority are able to provide high quality data for the more difficult validation of satellite-derived sea surface temperature, contributing less than 0.1 K to the error budget of the validation. The measurements provided by two prototype instruments developed for ship-of-opportunity use confirmed their potential to provide regular reliable data for satellite-derived SST validation. Four high quality radiometers showed agreements within 0.05 K confirming that these instruments are suitable for detailed studies of the dynamics of air–sea interaction at the ocean surface as well as providing high quality validation data. The data analysis confirms the importance of including an accurate correction for reflected sky radiance when using infrared radiometers to measure SST. The results presented here also show the value of regular intercomparisons of ground-based instruments that are to be used for the validation of satellite-derived data products—products that will be an essential component of future assessments of climate change and variability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines the impact of the development of the Miami Metrorail system on residential property values proximate to its station locations. Comparing repeat-sales indices and applying hedonic regression methods yielded consistent results. In both cases the analyses support the hypothesis that residential values were, at most, only weakly impacted by the announcement of the new rail system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Cuban Diaspora in the United States has been repeatedly charged with political opacity and racial discrimination towards its members. A highly inflexible community as far as racial acceptance and internal economic mobility are concerned, this Diaspora gives rise to controversies in both media and literature, especially since it plays a major role in the socio-political relations between the two countries. Bearing in mind that the issue of racial discrimination in the last century ran different paths in Cuba and in the United States, and relying on a various set of articles and documentaries, this paper examines the processes and causes underlying the racial tensions within the Cuban community. The Revolution which took place in Cuba in the late 1950s and whose aftermath was the establishing of a Communist régime under the rule of president Fidel Castro, led to several waves of exiles and later immigrants, most of them settling in the United States, especially in the region of Florida, where they formed a thriving community in what became to be known as the most significant Cuban-American enclave, Miami. There are four waves that make up the Cuban exile, although the last wave may be classified as migration rather than exile. The first wave left right after the Revolution, between 1959 and 1961 and represented the country's economic elite, among them supporters of the old Batista régime. The second left through the so-called Freedom Flights in the late 60s and early 70s. Both waves were mostly composed of white, high class Cubans. [1] The next exodus took place in 1980 and is known under the name the Mariel boatlift, followed by a massive migration in 1994, during the height of the Special Period, Cuba's decline after the fall of the Soviet Block. The four waves differ among themselves along lines of racial composition, professional and economic status, and consequently patterns of integration not only as a community within the United States, but also within the group as a whole. Racial discrimination was carried by Cuban exiles to the US, where Afro-Cubans are voiceless within the white, elitist Diaspora. [2] The Cuban-American community is not homogenous, but diverse, with "recent nonwhite émigrés (…) being less likely to be received with open arms by the predominantly white Cuban community in Miami" (in Woltman: 71). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Canadian snowbirds, seasonal migrants wintering in the southern United States and the Caribbean, have been seen by Canada's nationalist elites as signs of Canada's demise as a strong, autonomous nation. This paper outlines a few parameters of that phenomenon, to demonstrate that Canadian snowbirds were and remain strongly attached to their Canadian (or Québécois) identity. What is being said about snowbirds and other Canadians travelling to the United States is more an avatar of nationalist discourse than anything else. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Provides transportation planners and public agencies with a predictive tool for near term forecast of freight traffic near the vicinity of seaports. Definition of artificial neural networks; Regression analysis and neural network statistical comparison for Port of Miami in Florida; Model formulation, calibration, validation and results for Port of Jacksonville.

The article discusses the U.S. Supreme Court case Bank of America v. City of Miami. In the case, four banks including Bank of America was sued by the City of Miami for mortgage lending discrimination under the 1968 Fair Housing Act (FHA) . Topics discussed include residential segregation of African-Americans, equality norms under the FHA, the court case Havens Realty Corp. v. Coleman in which false information was provided by a landlord to an African-American who applied for housing.

Presents letters to the editor, published in the February 1967 issue of the journal "The American Sociologist," referencing several social and national issues. Views towards the current biological advancements; Meeting of National American Sociological Association in Miami, Florida.

Describes outcomes-based curriculum at the University of Miami School of Medicine with strong emphasis on evidence-based medicine (EBM). Innovations of the EBM component in the curriculum; Goals, learning objectives and assessment of the outcomes-based curriculum; Components and governance of the outcomes-based curriculum.

Talks about a reader's advisory program for a public library in Miami, Florida. Structure of the Miami Township Branch; Staffing, shelving and display planning; Services offered by the library; Importance of reader recommendations in choosing books.

The decision to charge is a critical stage in the processing of sexual assault cases, as many cases do not proceed beyond this stage. Frohmann (1991) examined prosecutorial justifications for case rejection and concluded that prosecutors construct typifications of credible victims and rape relevant behavior in deciding whether to file charges in sexual assault cases We use data on 1997 sexual battery cases cleared by arrest in Miami, Florida, as well as information gleaned from interviews with a sample of the attorneys who handled these cases, to replicate and extend Frohmann`s work. Although our findings are consistent with Frohmann's assertion that charging decisions primarily reflect the prosecutor to assessment of the likelihood of conviction, they also suggest that this assessment is based on factors other than typifications of rape and rape victims in a substantial number of the cases examined for this study, the decision to reject charges could be traced to the victim's failure to appear for a profile interview refusal to cooperate in the prosecution of the case, or admission that the charges were fabricated. We also found that the decision to the charges was based on a combination of case and victim characteristics, but that cases involving a victim and suspect who were acquainted, related, or intimate partners were more likely than those involving a victim and suspect who were strangers to be prosecuted. We conclude that prosecutors' charging decisions are guided by a set of `focal concerns" (Steffensmeier, et al 1998) that revolve around reducing uncertainty and securing convictions and that incorporate beliefs about real rapes and legitimate victims. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Focuses on the relationship between Miami and Great Britain during the nineteenth century. Evaluation of the documentary and archeological records; Adoption of European American clothing styles, agricultural practices and food; Concept of ethnic or cultural identity in Miami; Resistance to United States domination.

Describes attempts by Florida International University in Miami to develop and implement a program in teacher education that reflects and promotes a global perspective. Importance of teacher education; Difference of global education; Challenge posed by global education for colleges and universities; Highlights of the program in global awareness developed in the School of Education, Florida International University.

Between 1970 and 1980 the Hispanic population of Miami had a phenomenal rate of growth while the Black population also grew rapidly. The non-Hispanic White population actually experienced a numerical decline. The Hispanic population of the city has been highly successful in improving its economic will-being and has been able to penetrate deeply into non-Hispanic White neighborhoods throughout the city. Blacks have not been able to increase their economic well-being as greatly and their expansion has been confined largely to neighborhoods adjacent to older Black neighborhoods. Non- Hispanic White neighborhoods shrank considerably in area during the decade and today are mainly found on Miami Beach, in northeast Miami and the far south of the city. if large scale Hispanic migration continues, and the Black population maintains its rate of growth, by 1990 Miami will likely have an even smaller non-Hispanic White population than today and be ethnically more segregated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Links the process of globalization to internal machinations by Miami, Florida's business elites. Emergence of Miami as capital of the Caribbean region; Restructuring of Miami's establishment; Economic internationalization and social polarization; Glimpse of the fate of urban civilization in the global era.

The 1966 meeting of the Rural Sociological Society will be held August 26-29, 1966 at the Fontainebleau Hotel in Miami Beach, Florida. Members will be receiving reservation forms and the preliminary program through the mail. The Rural Sociological Society Development Committee met in Chicago on January 28, 1966. The Committee reviewed work from previous meetings, sought to identify problems and opportunities confronting the discipline, and suggested ways of coping with these problems. An increasing number of unfilled positions, the establishment of new programs in the field, and a rising member ship in the Society are factors reflecting a general increase in the demand for trained rural sociologists. There are approximately 15-30 new unfilled positions, some in five or six new western programs. The Institute of Labor and Industrial Relations of The University of Michigan-Wayne State University announces the establishment of Poverty and Human Resources Abstracts, to be published six times a year. Poverty and Human Resources Abstracts will be continuously scanning 150 to 200 journals and publications from all over the U.S.