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The slow kinetics and poor substrate specificity of the key photosynthetic CO2-fixing enzyme Rubisco have prompted the repeated evolution of Rubisco-containing biomolecular condensates known as pyrenoids in the majority of eukaryotic microalgae. Diatoms dominate marine photosynthesis, but the interactions underlying their pyrenoids are unknown. Here, we identify and characterize the Rubisco linker protein PYCO1 from Phaeodactylum tricornutum. PYCO 1 is a tandem repeat protein containing prion-like domains that localizes to the pyrenoid. It undergoes homotypic liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) to form condensates that specifically partition diatom Rubisco. Saturation of PYCO 1 condensates with Rubisco greatly reduces the mobility of droplet components. Cryo--electron microscopy and mutagenesis data revealed the sticker motifs required for homotypic and heterotypic phase separation. Our data indicate that the PYCO 1--Rubisco network is cross-linked by PYCO 1 stickers that oligomerize to bind to the small subunits lining the central solvent channel of the Rubisco holoenzyme. A second sticker motif binds to the large subunit. Pyrenoidal Rubisco condensates are highly diverse and tractable models of functional LLPS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research article addresses an efficient separate and combined class of estimators for the population mean estimation based on stratified random sampling (StRS). The first order approximated expressions of bias and mean square error of the proposed separate and combined class of estimators are obtained. A comparative study is conducted to determine the efficiency conditions in which the suggested class of estimators outperforms the contemporary estimators. These efficiency conditions are examined through an extensive simulation study by employing a hypothetically drawn symmetrical and asymmetrical populations. The simulation results have shown that the suggested class of estimators is more effective than the other available estimators. In addition, an application of the proposed methods is also presented by examining a real data set. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is well known that ranked set sampling (RSS) is more efficient than simple random sampling (SRS). Furthermore, the presence of missing data vitiates the conventional results. Only a minuscule amount of work has been conducted under RSS with missing data. This paper makes a modest attempt to provide some efficient difference- and ratio-type imputation methods in the presence of missing values under RSS. The envisaged imputation methods are demonstrated to provide better results than the existing imputation methods. The theoretical results are enhanced by a computational analysis using real and hypothetically generated symmetric (Normal) and asymmetric (Gamma and Weibull) populations. The computational results show that the proposed imputation method outperforms the existing imputation methods in terms of its higher percent relative efficiency. Additionally, the impact of skewness and kurtosis on the efficiency of the suggested imputation methods has also been calculated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The mullet species under the family Mugilidae, considered to be a commercially important teleost, are mostly found in coastal waters throughout the world, distributed in tropical, subtropical and temperate areas. In terms of taxonomic study, biogeography and distribution pattern of mullets remain unclear due to difficulty in separating the species based on morphological characters. Thus, there is a need to study the taxonomy of Mugilidae. Further, phylogeny of family Mugilidae also exceptionally obscure at inter and intraspecific levels challenges exist in species under the family. The present study, has brought a new observation in form of temporary black dots (patrial pigmentation abnormality), especially in three species of Mugilidae were observed. Sometimes these pigmentation pattern can lead to misidentification or identification as different species. Further, DNA Barcoding (COI gene) and morpho-meristic analysis performed to resolve the ambiguity in the species identification, confirmed these species as Mugil cephalus, Planiliza sp., Osteomugil perusii. Present study will help to avoid the misidentification of species, which will assist biologists and managers for acquiring more information their distribution and life history pattern. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT Background: The genus Xylaria has been reported as a rich source of biologically active secondary metabolites. In the present study, an endophytic fungus Xylaria psidii has been isolated from [...]

Byline: Jai. Prakash, Kalpana. Joshi, Deepak. Malik, Omkar. Mishra, Akhilesh. Sachan, Bharat. Kumar, Shashi. Bhushan, Vivekanandan. Kalaiselvan, Gyanendra. Singh BACKGROUND: To improve the public health and promote instant adverse drug [...]

The present paper investigates the peristaltic flow of Newtonian fluids through the porous medium. The effects of electroosmosis mechanism on peristaltic pumping are also considered. An analytical solution is obtained under lubrication approach. Poisson Boltzmann equations are also simplified using Debye linearization. The effects of permeability parameter, electrical double layer thickness and electro-osmotic parameter on the flow characteristics, pressure distribution and shear stress distributions are computed. Numerical computations reveal that electroosmosis and permeability play vital role in peristaltic pumping. The findings of present study may be applicable in biomedical engineering and chemical engineering where peristaltic micropumps may be designed.

This study introduces some modified classes of estimators of population variance in simple random sampling utilizing information on auxiliary attribute which cover traditional mean, ratio and regression estimators and Kadilar and Cingi (2004) type estimators adapted by Singh and Malik (2014) for particular values of characterizing scalars. The expressions of bias and mean square error of the proposed classes of estimators are tabulated up to the first order of approximation. The proposed classes of estimators are theoretically compared with the contemporary estimators existing till date and the efficiency conditions are obtained. Subsequently, the theoretical results are numerically enhanced by using a real data set. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]