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Funding is an oft-overlooked but critically important determinant of what public institutions are able to accomplish. This article focuses on the growing role of earmarked voluntary contributions from member states in funding formal international organizations such as the United Nations and the World Health Organization. Heavy reliance on such funds can erode the multilateral governance of international organizations and poses particular risks for two kinds of undertakings: normative work, such as setting standards and identifying best practices; and evaluating the conduct of member states and holding those states accountable, including through public criticism, when they fall short. International organizations have devised strategies for mitigating these risks, but those strategies are generally not codified in formal policies and are not visible to the public. This Article argues that more formal regulations are needed and outlines some possibilities for the form they might take. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

States address many of today's global problems in international organizations (IOs). At the same time, regional international organizations (RIOs) play important roles in IOs, as a series of case studies suggests. RIO member states can speak on behalf of an RIO in IO negotiations. This paper explores under what conditions states voice RIO positions instead of national ones in IOs and thereby turn into agents of regionalization. Based on a novel dataset of more than 500 international negotiations and a quantitative analysis of theory-guided International Relations hypotheses, this paper shows that states are increasingly likely to negotiate on behalf of an RIO, when they regard grouping positions into regional blocs in IO negotiations as more effective, when they have a formal role as RIO chair, and when they possess financial and staff capacities needed in order to voice a regional position in international negotiations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper offers an empirical objection against the arguments used by brazilian's diplomacy requesting a permanent seat in the Security Council. The reasons presented to support the demand are just normative ones. It is presented a rather different way to achieve the brazilian's foreign "main objective": to change Security Council. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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This article analyzes whether and to what extent reliance on conditionality is appropriate to guarantee the revolving character of the resources of the International Monetary Fund (IMF). The paper presents theoretical arguments in favor of conditionality, and those against the use of conditions. It summarizes the track record of program implementation and discusses the evidence of factors determining implementation. Whether proponents or critics of conditionality can be supported by existing data analysis is also investigated, as is the success of conditionality in terms of outcomes. The final section draws policy implications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the international health organization Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria. The decision making process of the Fund and how it incorporates nongovernmental organizations and other nonstate actors into that process is examined. The Country Coordination Mechanism (CCM) of the Fund, which determines how grant proposals are funded and administered by bringing together stakeholders within individual countries, is seen as flawed due to its dependence on governmental organizations which are influenced by internal political concerns. Nongovernmental organizations are seen as necessary to improving that process. The continued spread of the three diseases the Fund exists to combat is noted.