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目的观察糖尿病合并脓毒症小鼠肠损伤特点，并初步探讨M1巨噬细胞在糖尿病合并脓毒症肠损伤中的作用。方法BKS-DB（Lepr ko/ko）和BKS-DB（Lepr wt/wt）雄性小鼠随机分为非糖尿病鼠假手术组（NDMS组）、非糖尿病鼠脓毒症模型组（NDMCLP组）、糖尿病鼠假手术组（DMS组）、糖尿病鼠脓毒症模型组（DMCLP组）4组，每组6只；细胞实验分为对照组（Sham组）、高糖组（HG组）、脂多糖组（LPS组）、高糖+脂多糖组（HG+LPS组）4组。采用盲肠结扎穿孔术（CLP）构建糖尿病合并脓毒症小鼠模型，观察小鼠肠组织病理损伤情况、肠组织 Occludin 和ZO-1蛋白表达量变化、巨噬细胞极化特征及炎症因子基因表达情况；采用高糖与LPS共刺激巨噬细胞，流式细胞学技术检测体外巨噬细胞极化变化，qPCR技术检测炎症因子基因表达量。结果CLP后12 h，DMCLP组小鼠肠组织病理损伤Chiu's评分显著升高，肠组织Occludin、ZO-1蛋白表达量降低（P＜0.05）；DMCLP组小鼠肠组织巨噬细胞数量明显增加，M1标志物iNOS、CRR7 mRNA表达显著升高，炎症因子TNF-α、IL-1β和IL-6 mRNA表达明显上升（P＜0.05）。体外细胞实验中，HG+LPS组M1巨噬细胞标志物CD86及炎症因子TNF-α、IL-1β和IL-6 mRNA表达显著升高（P＜0.05）。结论糖尿病合并脓毒症小鼠肠损伤较非糖尿病脓毒症小鼠更为严重，可能与高糖时巨噬细胞更易在LPS的作用下向M1极化有关，促进炎症因子表达有关。

Copyright of Food Research & Development is the property of Food Research & Development Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong University (Medical Science) is the property of Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong University (Medical Science) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong University (Medical Science) is the property of Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong University (Medical Science) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong University (Medical Science) is the property of Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong University (Medical Science) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Food Research & Development is the property of Food Research & Development Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Mine Automation is the property of Industry & Mine Automation Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

为帮助食品生产商和消费者选择适用于不同应用途径的黄油，并为生产更受消费者喜爱的黄油替代品提供理论支持，选取了11个国家的黄油并提取黄油乳脂，对黄油及黄油乳脂的理化性质进行了系统的比较评价。结果表明：11个国家黄油中的脂肪、水分、蛋白质含量和滑动熔点分别为82.97%～86.40%、12.84%～16.14%、0.45%～0.78%、31.5～33.9 ℃，酸值（KOH）和过氧化值分别不超过0.32 mg/g、0.029 g/100 g。中国黄油的L值最高（86.87），而新西兰黄油的b值最高（35.28）。所有黄油共检出29种脂肪酸和42种甘油三酯，蛋白质主要由αs1-酪蛋白、 β-酪蛋白、κ-酪蛋白、α-乳白蛋白和Adipophilin组成。爱尔兰黄油的不饱和脂肪酸含量最高（35.65%），固体脂肪含量（SFC）较低，而美国、荷兰和澳大利亚黄油的饱和脂肪酸和SFC含量较高。不同国家的黄油和黄油乳脂的晶体均为均匀精细的球晶，其中美国黄油和黄油乳脂的晶体均呈现部分聚集，且绝大多数晶体主要由β′型晶体组成。质地和流变学分析表明，爱尔兰黄油和黄油乳脂的硬度最低，所有黄油和黄油乳脂都表现出良好的黏弹性和剪切变稀性能。综上，不同国家黄油在基本理化性质、脂肪酸和甘油酯组成、SFC及硬度等方面存在差异，在食品工业中需要根据成品、加工工艺等有针对性地选择黄油，在新型人造奶油的构建中，也可依据各黄油特点进行定向研究。For assisting both food producers and consumers to select butter for specific application, and providing support for the production of butter alternatives with enhanced consumer acceptability, butters from eleven countries were collected and butter oils were extracted. The physicochemical properties of butters and butter oils were comparatively evaluated. The results showed that the contents of fat, moisture, protein and melting point of butters were in the ranges of 82.97%-86.40%, 12.84%-16.14%, 0.45%-0.78% and 31.5-33.9 ℃ respectively, the acid value and peroxide value did not exceed 0.32 mgKOH/g and 0.029 g/100 g, respectively. The L value of China butter was the highest (86.87), while b value of New Zealand butter was the highest (35.28). A total of 29 fatty acids and 42 triglycerides were detected in all butters, and the proteins were mainly composed of αs1-casein, β-casein, κ-casein, α-lactalbumin, and Adipophilin. Ireland butter had the highest content of unsaturated fatty acids (35.65%) and lower solid fat content (SFC), while butters from America, Netherlands and Australia had higher contents of saturated fatty acids and higher SFC. The crystals of butters and butter oils from different countries were all uniform and fine spherical crystals, in which the crystals of American butter and butter oil were partially aggregated, and the majority of crystals were mainly composed of β′ crystal. The texture and rheological analysis showed that Ireland butter and butter oil exhibited the lowest hardness, and all butters and butter oils exhibited good viscoelastic and shear thinning. In conclusion, there are differences in the basic physicochemical properties, fatty acid and glyceride compositions, SFC, and hardness of butter from different countries. In the food industry, targeted selection of butter is required based on products, processing techniques, etc. In the construction of new types of margarine, targeted research can also be conducted based on the characteristics of butters.

The radial displacement of the soft rock roadway has great influence on the coal mine production. Based on double yield surface model，using the conventional triaxial test data of a mudstone，the loading surfaces which were expressed by the first and the third main plastic strain(εp1，εp3) as the hardening parameter were fitted. According to the verified hypothesis of complete loading，the non associated flow rule of the mudstone material was derived，and the surrounding rock plastic zone scope and radial displacement solution were obtained. The results show that:① the form of two loading surfaces of the mudstone material are quadratic function，and the coefficients can be expressed as a linear function of εp1 or εp3，and the value of the plastic strain increment component is determined. ② the derived non associated flow law contains a constant term，the reason is that in the process of loading，it will first reach the loading surface of the εp3，when εp1 happens to be 0，εp3 is the value of the constant. ③ in this paper，the authors consider the rock characteristics of strain nonlinear softening，rule out the subjective cognition of “assumed flow rule” and others，get the analytical solution of the range of plastic zone and radial displacement，obtain the linear fitting formula between the range of plastic zone，radial displacement and excavation radius under the condition of constant stress. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]