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1. Characterization of Turbulent Fluctuations in the Sub-Alfvenic Solar Wind

Author

Zank, Gary P., Zhao, Lingling, Adhikari, Laxman, Telloni, Daniele, Baruwal, Prashant, Baruwal, Prashrit, Zhu, Xingyu, Nakanotani, Masaru, Pitna, Alexander, Kasper, Justin C., and Bale, Stuart D.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Physics - Space Physics
Abstract

Parker Solar Probe (PSP) observed sub-Alfvenic solar wind intervals during encounters 8 - 14, and low-frequency magnetohydrodynamic turbulence in these regions may differ from that in super-Alfvenic wind. We apply a new mode-decomposition analysis (Zank et al 2023) to the sub-Alfv\'enic flow observed by PSP on 2021 April 28, identifying and characterizing entropy, magnetic islands, forward and backward Alfv\'en waves, including weakly/non-propagating Alfv\'en vortices, forward and backward fast and slow magnetosonic modes. Density fluctuations are primarily and almost equally entropy and backward propagating slow magnetosonic modes. The mode-decomposition provides phase information (frequency and wavenumber k) for each mode. Entropy-density fluctuations have a wavenumber anisotropy k_{||} >> k_{perp} whereas slow mode density fluctuations have k_{perp} > k_{||}. Magnetic field fluctuations are primarily magnetic island modes (delta B^i) with an O(1) smaller contribution from uni-directionally propagating Alfven waves (delta B^{A+}) giving a variance anisotropy of <{\delta B^i}^2> / = 4.1. Incompressible magnetic fluctuations dominate compressible contributions from fast and slow magnetosonic modes. The magnetic island spectrum is Kolmogorov-like k_{perp}^{-1.6} in perpendicular wavenumber and the uni-directional Alfven wave spectra are k_{||}^{-1.6} and k_{perp}^{-1.5}. Fast magnetosonic modes propagate at essentially the Alfv\'en speed with anti-correlated transverse velocity and magnetic field fluctuations and are almost exclusively magnetic due to beta_p<<1. Transverse velocity fluctuations are the dominant velocity component in fast magnetosonic modes and longitudinal fluctuations dominate in slow modes. Mode-decomposition is an effective tool in identifying the basic building blocks of MHD turbulence and provides detailed phase information about each of the modes.

Published
2024

2. Coronal Heating Rate in the Slow Solar Wind

Author

Telloni, Daniele, Romoli, Marco, Velli, Marco, Zank, Gary P., Adhikari, Laxman, Downs, Cooper, Burtovoi, Aleksandr, Susino, Roberto, Spadaro, Daniele, Zhao, Lingling, Liberatore, Alessandro, Shi, Chen, De Leo, Yara, Abbo, Lucia, Frassati, Federica, Jerse, Giovanna, Landini, Federico, Nicolini, Gianalfredo, Pancrazzi, Maurizio, Russano, Giuliana, Sasso, Clementina, Andretta, Vincenzo, Da Deppo, Vania, Fineschi, Silvano, Grimani, Catia, Heinzel, Petr, Moses, John D., Naletto, Giampiero, Stangalini, Marco, Teriaca, Luca, Uslenghi, Michela, Berlicki, Arkadiusz, Bruno, Roberto, Capobianco, Gerardo, Capuano, Giuseppe E., Casini, Chiara, Casti, Marta, Chioetto, Paolo, Corso, Alain J., D'Amicis, Raffaella, Fabi, Michele, Frassetto, Fabio, Giarrusso, Marina, Giordano, Silvio, Guglielmino, Salvo L., Magli, Enrico, Massone, Giuseppe, Messerotti, Mauro, Nisticò, Giuseppe, Pelizzo, Maria G., Reale, Fabio, Romano, Paolo, Schühle, Udo, Solanki, Sami K., Straus, Thomas, Ventura, Rita, Volpicelli, Cosimo A., Zangrilli, Luca, Zimbardo, Gaetano, Zuppella, Paola, Bale, Stuart D., and Kasper, Justin C.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Physics - Space Physics
Abstract

This Letter reports the first observational estimate of the heating rate in the slowly expanding solar corona. The analysis exploits the simultaneous remote and local observations of the same coronal plasma volume with the Solar Orbiter/Metis and the Parker Solar Probe instruments, respectively, and relies on the basic solar wind magnetohydrodynamic equations. As expected, energy losses are a minor fraction of the solar wind energy flux, since most of the energy dissipation that feeds the heating and acceleration of the coronal flow occurs much closer to the Sun than the heights probed in the present study, which range from 6.3 to 13.3 solar radii. The energy deposited to the supersonic wind is then used to explain the observed slight residual wind acceleration and to maintain the plasma in a non-adiabatic state. As derived in the Wentzel-Kramers-Brillouin limit, the present energy transfer rate estimates provide a lower limit, which can be very useful in refining the turbulence-based modeling of coronal heating and subsequent solar wind acceleration.

Published
2023

3. Does Turbulence along the Coronal Current Sheet Drive Ion Cyclotron Waves?

Author

Telloni, Daniele, Zank, Gary P., Adhikari, Laxman, Zhao, Lingling, Susino, Roberto, Antonucci, Ester, Fineschi, Silvano, Stangalini, Marco, Grimani, Catia, Sorriso-Valvo, Luca, Verscharen, Daniel, Marino, Raffaele, Giordano, Silvio, D'Amicis, Raffaella, Perrone, Denise, Carbone, Francesco, Liberatore, Alessandro, Bruno, Roberto, Zimbardo, Gaetano, Romoli, Marco, Andretta, Vincenzo, Da Deppo, Vania, Heinzel, Petr, Moses, John D., Naletto, Giampiero, Nicolini, Gianalfredo, Spadaro, Daniele, Teriaca, Luca, Burtovoi, Aleksandr, De Leo, Yara, Jerse, Giovanna, Landini, Federico, Pancrazzi, Maurizio, Sasso, Clementina, and Slemer, Alessandra

Subjects
Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics
Abstract

Evidence for the presence of ion cyclotron waves, driven by turbulence, at the boundaries of the current sheet is reported in this paper. By exploiting the full potential of the joint observations performed by Parker Solar Probe and the Metis coronagraph on board Solar Orbiter, local measurements of the solar wind can be linked with the large-scale structures of the solar corona. The results suggest that the dynamics of the current sheet layers generates turbulence, which in turn creates a sufficiently strong temperature anisotropy to make the solar-wind plasma unstable to anisotropy-driven instabilities such as the Alfv\'en ion-cyclotron, mirror-mode, and firehose instabilities. The study of the polarization state of high-frequency magnetic fluctuations reveals that ion cyclotron waves are indeed present along the current sheet, thus linking the magnetic topology of the remotely imaged coronal source regions with the wave bursts observed in situ. The present results may allow improvement of state-of-the-art models based on the ion cyclotron mechanism, providing new insights into the processes involved in coronal heating., Comment: 12 pages

Published
2023
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4. Turbulence in the outer heliosphere

Author

Fraternale, Federico, Adhikari, Laxman, Fichtner, Horst, Kim, Tae K., Kleimann, Jens, Oughton, Sean, Pogorelov, Nikolai V., Roytershteyn, Vadim, Smith, Charles W., Usmanov, Arcadi V., Zank, G P., and Zhao, Lingling

Subjects
Physics - Space Physics, Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Physics - Fluid Dynamics, Physics - Plasma Physics
Abstract

The solar wind (SW) and local interstellar medium (LISM) are turbulent media. Their interaction is governed by complex physical processes and creates heliospheric regions with significantly different properties in terms of particle populations, bulk flow and turbulence. Our knowledge of the solar wind turbulence \nature and dynamics mostly relies on near-Earth and near-Sun observations, and has been increasingly improving in recent years due to the availability of a wealth of space missions, including multi-spacecraft missions. In contrast, the properties of turbulence in the outer heliosphere are still not completely understood. In situ observations by Voyager and New Horizons, and remote neutral atom measurements by IBEX strongly suggest that turbulence is one of the critical processes acting at the heliospheric interface. It is intimately connected to charge exchange processes responsible for the production of suprathermal ions and energetic neutral atoms. This paper reviews the observational evidence of turbulence in the distant SW and in the LISM, advances in modeling efforts, and open challenges., Comment: 82 pages, 31 figures. Paper accepted by Space Science Reviews (collection: The Heliosphere in the Local Interstellar Medium: Into the Unknown), and presented at the ISSI Workshop on November 8-12, 2021

Published
2022
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5. Modeling of Joint Parker Solar Probe - Metis/Solar Orbiter Observations

Author

Adhikari, Laxman, Zank, Gary P., Telloni, Daniele, and Zhao, Lingling

Subjects
Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Physics - Space Physics
Abstract

We present a first theoretical modeling of joint Parker Solar Probe (PSP) - Metis/Solar Orbiter (SolO) quadrature observations Telloni et al 2022c. The combined observations describe the evolution of a slow solar wind plasma parcel from the extended solar corona ($3.5-6.3$ R$_\odot$) to the very inner heliosphere (23.2 R$_\odot$). The Metis/SolO instrument remotely measures the solar wind speed finding a range from $96-201$ kms$^{-1}$, and PSP measures the solar wind plasma in situ, observing a radial speed of 219.34 kms$^{-1}$. We find theoretically and observationally that the solar wind speed accelerates rapidly within 3.3 -- 4 R$_\odot$, and then increases more gradually with distance. Similarly, we find that the theoretical solar wind density is consistent with the remotely and in situ observed solar wind density. The normalized cross-helicity and normalized residual energy observed by PSP are 0.96 and -0.07, respectively, indicating that the slow solar wind is very Alfv\'enic. The theoretical NI/slab results are very similar to PSP measurements, which is a consequence of the highly magnetic field-aligned radial flow ensuring that PSP can measure slab fluctuations and not 2D. Finally, we calculate the theoretical 2D and slab turbulence pressure, finding that the theoretical slab pressure is very similar to that observed by PSP., Comment: 12 pages, 5 figures

Published
2022
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6. Observation of Magnetic Switchback in the Solar Corona

Author

Telloni, Daniele, Zank, Gary P., Stangalini, Marco, Downs, Cooper, Liang, Haoming, Nakanotani, Masaru, Andretta, Vincenzo, Antonucci, Ester, Sorriso-Valvo, Luca, Adhikari, Laxman, Zhao, Lingling, Marino, Raffaele, Susino, Roberto, Grimani, Catia, Fabi, Michele, D'Amicis, Raffaella, Perrone, Denise, Bruno, Roberto, Carbone, Francesco, Mancuso, Salvatore, Romoli, Marco, Da Deppo, Vania, Fineschi, Silvano, Heinzel, Petr, Moses, John D., Naletto, Giampiero, Nicolini, Gianalfredo, Spadaro, Daniele, Teriaca, Luca, Frassati, Federica, Jerse, Giovanna, Landini, Federico, Pancrazzi, Maurizio, Russano, Giuliana, Sasso, Clementina, Berghmans, David, Auchère, Frédéric, Cuadrado, Regina Aznar, Chitta, Lakshmi P., Harra, Louise, Kraaikamp, Emil, Long, David M., Mandal, Sudip, Parenti, Susanna, Pelouze, Gabriel, Peter, Hardi, Rodriguez, Luciano, Schühle, Udo, Schwanitz, Conrad, Smith, Phil J., Verbeeck, Cis, and Zhukov, Andrei N.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics
Abstract

Switchbacks are sudden, large radial deflections of the solar wind magnetic field, widely revealed in interplanetary space by the Parker Solar Probe. The switchbacks' formation mechanism and sources are still unresolved, although candidate mechanisms include Alfv\'enic turbulence, shear-driven Kelvin-Helmholtz instabilities, interchange reconnection, and geometrical effects related to the Parker spiral. This Letter presents observations from the Metis coronagraph onboard Solar Orbiter of a single large propagating S-shaped vortex, interpreted as first evidence of a switchback in the solar corona. It originated above an active region with the related loop system bounded by open-field regions to the East and West. Observations, modeling, and theory provide strong arguments in favor of the interchange reconnection origin of switchbacks. Metis measurements suggest that the initiation of the switchback may also be an indicator of the origin of slow solar wind.

Published
2022
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7. Einkorn genomics sheds light on history of the oldest domesticated wheat

Author

Ahmed, Hanin Ibrahim, Heuberger, Matthias, Schoen, Adam, Koo, Dal-Hoe, Quiroz-Chavez, Jesus, Adhikari, Laxman, Raupp, John, Cauet, Stéphane, Rodde, Nathalie, Cravero, Charlotte, Callot, Caroline, Lazo, Gerard R., Kathiresan, Nagarajan, Sharma, Parva K., Moot, Ian, Yadav, Inderjit Singh, Singh, Lovepreet, Saripalli, Gautam, Rawat, Nidhi, Datla, Raju, Athiyannan, Naveenkumar, Ramirez-Gonzalez, Ricardo H., Uauy, Cristobal, Wicker, Thomas, Tiwari, Vijay K., Abrouk, Michael, Poland, Jesse, and Krattinger, Simon G.

Published
2023
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8. On the Conservation of Turbulence Energy in Turbulence Transport Models

Author

Wang, Bingbing, Zank, Gary P., Adhikari, Laxman, and Zhao, Lingling

Subjects
Physics - Plasma Physics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Physics - Fluid Dynamics
Abstract

Zank et al. developed models describing the transport of low frequency incompressible and nearly incompressible turbulence in inhomogeneous flows. The formalism was based on expressing the fluctuating variables in terms of the Els\"assar variables and then taking "moments" subject to various closure hypotheses. The turbulence transport models are different according to whether the plasma beta regime is large or of order 1 or smaller. Here, we show explicitly that the two sets of turbulence transport models admit a conservation representation that resembles the well-known WKB transport equation for Alfv\'en wave energy density after introducing appropriate definitions of the "pressure" associated with the turbulent fluctuations. This includes introducing a distinct turbulent pressure tensor for 3D incompressible turbulence (the large plasma beta limit) and pressure tensors for quasi-2D and slab turbulence (the plasma beta order 1 or small regimes) that generalize the form of the WKB pressure tensor. Various limits of the different turbulent pressure tensors are discussed. However, the analogy between the conservation form of the turbulence transport models and the WKB model is not close for multiple reasons, including that the turbulence models express fully nonlinear physical processes unlike the strictly linear WKB description. The analysis presented here serves both as a check on the validity and correctness of the turbulence transport models and provides greater transparency of the energy dissipation term and the "turbulent pressure" in our models, which is important for many practical applications., Comment: 19 pages, 0 figure

Published
2021
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11. Turbulence Transport Modeling and First Orbit Parker Solar Probe (PSP) Observations

Author

Adhikari, Laxman, Zank, Gary P., Zhao, Lingling, Kasper, Justin C., Korreck, Kelly E., Stevens, Michael, Case, Anthony W, Whittlesey, Phyllis, Larson, Davin, Livi, Roberto, and Klein, Kristopher G.

Subjects
Physics - Space Physics
Abstract

Parker Solar Probe (PSP) achieved its first orbit perihelion on November 6, 2018, reaching a heliocentric distance of about 0.165 au (35.55 R$_\odot$). Here, we study the evolution of fully developed turbulence associated with the slow solar wind along the PSP trajectory between 35.55 R$_\odot$ and 131.64 R$_\odot$ in the outbound direction, comparing observations to a theoretical turbulence transport model. Several turbulent quantities, such as the fluctuating kinetic energy and the corresponding correlation length, the variance of density fluctuations, and the solar wind proton temperature are determined from the PSP SWEAP plasma data along its trajectory between 35.55 R$_\odot$ and 131.64 R$_\odot$. The evolution of the PSP derived turbulent quantities are compared to the numerical solutions of the nearly incompressible magnetohydrodynamic (NI MHD) turbulence transport model recently developed by Zank et al. (2017). We find reasonable agreement between the theoretical and observed results. On the basis of these comparisons, we derive other theoretical turbulent quantities, such as the energy in forward and backward propagating modes, the total turbulent energy, the normalized residual energy and cross-helicity, the fluctuating magnetic energy, and the correlation lengths corresponding to forward and backward propagating modes, the residual energy, and the fluctuating magnetic energy.

Published
2019
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19. Exploring intermittency in numerical simulations of turbulence using single and multi-spacecraft analysis.

Author

Guio, Andres F. Guerrero, Rueda, Jeffersson A. Agudelo, Dominguez, Santiago Vargas, Adhikari, Laxman, and Sorriso-Valvo, Luca

Subjects
SOLAR wind, PLASMA turbulence, INTERPLANETARY magnetic fields, SOLAR magnetic fields, SPACE sciences, TURBULENCE, SCIENTIFIC method
Abstract

The energy dissipation in collisionless plasmas as the solar wind is not yet fully understood. The intermittent nature of magnetic structures appears to be a fundamental part of the energy cascade. Understanding energy transfer and dissipation in the solar wind requires an accurate description of its intermittency. Upcoming multi-spacecraft missions will provide new insight on this matter. However, the use of multi-point data requires developing new data analysis techniques as wellas cross-validating these techniques. In this study, we address the latter and explore the intermittency in a 3D simulation of anisotropic plasma turbulence using two approaches. We implement the standard single-spacecraft partial variance increments technique as well as a multi-point partial variance increments technique. We contrast these two techniques and explore their dependence on the angle between the spacecraft-configuration travel direction and the background magnetic field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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21. Coronal Heating Rate in the Slow Solar Wind

Author

Telloni, Daniele, primary, Romoli, Marco, additional, Velli, Marco, additional, Zank, Gary P., additional, Adhikari, Laxman, additional, Downs, Cooper, additional, Burtovoi, Aleksandr, additional, Susino, Roberto, additional, Spadaro, Daniele, additional, Zhao, Lingling, additional, Liberatore, Alessandro, additional, Shi, Chen, additional, De Leo, Yara, additional, Abbo, Lucia, additional, Frassati, Federica, additional, Jerse, Giovanna, additional, Landini, Federico, additional, Nicolini, Gianalfredo, additional, Pancrazzi, Maurizio, additional, Russano, Giuliana, additional, Sasso, Clementina, additional, Andretta, Vincenzo, additional, Da Deppo, Vania, additional, Fineschi, Silvano, additional, Grimani, Catia, additional, Heinzel, Petr, additional, Moses, John D., additional, Naletto, Giampiero, additional, Stangalini, Marco, additional, Teriaca, Luca, additional, Uslenghi, Michela, additional, Berlicki, Arkadiusz, additional, Bruno, Roberto, additional, Capobianco, Gerardo, additional, Capuano, Giuseppe E., additional, Casini, Chiara, additional, Casti, Marta, additional, Chioetto, Paolo, additional, Corso, Alain J., additional, D’Amicis, Raffaella, additional, Fabi, Michele, additional, Frassetto, Fabio, additional, Giarrusso, Marina, additional, Giordano, Silvio, additional, Guglielmino, Salvo L., additional, Magli, Enrico, additional, Massone, Giuseppe, additional, Messerotti, Mauro, additional, Nisticò, Giuseppe, additional, Pelizzo, Maria G., additional, Reale, Fabio, additional, Romano, Paolo, additional, Schühle, Udo, additional, Solanki, Sami K., additional, Straus, Thomas, additional, Ventura, Rita, additional, Volpicelli, Cosimo A., additional, Zangrilli, Luca, additional, Zimbardo, Gaetano, additional, Zuppella, Paola, additional, Bale, Stuart D., additional, and Kasper, Justin C., additional

Published
2023
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22. Energy Budget in the Solar Corona

Author

Telloni, Daniele, primary, Romoli, Marco, additional, Velli, Marco, additional, Zank, Gary P., additional, Adhikari, Laxman, additional, Zhao, Lingling, additional, Downs, Cooper, additional, Halekas, Jasper S., additional, Verniero, Jaye L., additional, McManus, Michael D., additional, Shi, Chen, additional, Burtovoi, Aleksandr, additional, Susino, Roberto, additional, Spadaro, Daniele, additional, Liberatore, Alessandro, additional, Antonucci, Ester, additional, De Leo, Yara, additional, Abbo, Lucia, additional, Frassati, Federica, additional, Jerse, Giovanna, additional, Landini, Federico, additional, Nicolini, Gianalfredo, additional, Pancrazzi, Maurizio, additional, Russano, Giuliana, additional, Sasso, Clementina, additional, Andretta, Vincenzo, additional, Da Deppo, Vania, additional, Fineschi, Silvano, additional, Grimani, Catia, additional, Heinzel, Petr, additional, Moses, John D., additional, Naletto, Giampiero, additional, Stangalini, Marco, additional, Teriaca, Luca, additional, Uslenghi, Michela, additional, Bale, Stuart D., additional, and Kasper, Justin C., additional

Published
2023
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24. Solar wind with Hydrogen Ion charge Exchange and Large-Scale Dynamics (SHIELD) DRIVE Science Center

Author

Opher, Merav, primary, Richardson, John, additional, Zank, Gary, additional, Florinski, Vladimir, additional, Giacalone, Joe, additional, Sokół, Justyna M., additional, Toth, Gabor, additional, Buxner, Sanlyn, additional, Kornbleuth, Marc, additional, Gkioulidou, Matina, additional, Nikoukar, Romina, additional, Van der Holst, Bart, additional, Turner, Drew, additional, Gross, Nicholas, additional, Drake, James, additional, Swisdak, Marc, additional, Dialynas, Kostas, additional, Dayeh, Maher, additional, Chen, Yuxi, additional, Zieger, Bertalan, additional, Powell, Erick, additional, Onubogu, Chika, additional, Ma, Xiaohan, additional, Bair, Ethan, additional, Elliott, Heather, additional, Galli, Andre, additional, Zhao, Lingling, additional, Adhikari, Laxman, additional, Nakanotani, Masaru, additional, Hill, Matthew E., additional, Mostafavi, Parisa, additional, Du, Senbei, additional, Guo, Fan, additional, Reisenfeld, Daniel, additional, Fuselier, Stephen, additional, Izmodenov, Vladislav, additional, Baliukin, Igor, additional, Cummings, Alan, additional, Miller, Jesse, additional, Wang, Bingbing, additional, Ghanbari, Keyvan, additional, Kota, Jozsef, additional, Loeb, Abraham, additional, Burgess, Juditra, additional, Hokanson, Sarah Chobot, additional, Morrow, Cherilyn, additional, Hong, Adam, additional, and Boldon, Andrea, additional

Published
2023
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25. Seven Sisters: a mission to study fundamental plasma physical processes in the solar wind and a pathfinder to advance space weather prediction

Author

Nykyri, Katariina, primary, Ma, Xuanye, additional, Burkholder, Brandon, additional, Liou, Yu-Lun, additional, Cuéllar, Roberto, additional, Kavosi, Shiva, additional, Borovsky, Joseph E., additional, Parker, Jeff, additional, Rosen, Mitchell, additional, De Moudt, Lauren, additional, Ebert, Robert Wilkes, additional, Ogasawara, Keiichi, additional, Opher, Merav, additional, Sibeck, David Gary, additional, Di Matteo, Simone, additional, Viall, Nicholeen, additional, Wallace, Samantha, additional, Jorgensen, Therese M., additional, Hesse, Michael, additional, West, Matthew J., additional, Adhikari, Laxman, additional, Argall, Matthew R., additional, Egedal, Jan, additional, Wilder, Frederick, additional, Broll, Jeffrey, additional, Poh, Gangkai, additional, Wing, Simon, additional, and Russell, Christopher, additional

Published
2023
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27. The temporal and latitudinal dependences of turbulence driven by pickup ions in the outer heliosphere.

Author

Wang, Bingbing, Zhao, Lingling, Abouhamzeh, Paria, Zank, Gary P., Adhikari, Laxman, Smith, Charles William, and Park, Jeewoo

Subjects
SOLAR wind, HELIOSPHERE, TURBULENCE, SOLAR activity, TRANSPORT equation, COSMIC rays
Abstract

The distribution of turbulence in the heliosphere remains a mystery, due to the complexity in not only modeling the turbulence transport equations but also identifying the drivers of turbulence that vary with time and spatial location. Beyond the ionization cavity (a few astronomical units (AU) from the Sun), the turbulence is driven predominantly by freshly created pickup ions (PUIs), in contrast to the driving by stream shear and compression. Understanding the source characteristics is necessary to refine turbulence transport models and interpret measurements of turbulence and solar wind temperature in the outer heliosphere. Using a recent latitude-dependent solar wind speed model and the ionization rate of neutral interstellar hydrogen (H), we investigate the temporal and spatial variation in the strength of low-frequency turbulence driven by PUIs from 1998 to 2020. We find that the driving rate is stronger during periods of high solar activity and at lower latitudes in the outer heliosphere. The driving rates for parallel and anti-parallel propagating (relative to the background magnetic field) slab turbulence have different spatial and latitude dependences. The calculated generation rate of turbulence by PUIs is an essential ingredient to investigate the latitude dependence of turbulence in the outer heliosphere, which is important to understand the heating of the distant solar wind and the modulation of cosmic rays. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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28. Does Turbulence along the Coronal Current Sheet Drive Ion Cyclotron Waves?

Author

Telloni, Daniele, primary, Zank, Gary P., additional, Adhikari, Laxman, additional, Zhao, Lingling, additional, Susino, Roberto, additional, Antonucci, Ester, additional, Fineschi, Silvano, additional, Stangalini, Marco, additional, Grimani, Catia, additional, Sorriso-Valvo, Luca, additional, Verscharen, Daniel, additional, Marino, Raffaele, additional, Giordano, Silvio, additional, D’Amicis, Raffaella, additional, Perrone, Denise, additional, Carbone, Francesco, additional, Liberatore, Alessandro, additional, Bruno, Roberto, additional, Zimbardo, Gaetano, additional, Romoli, Marco, additional, Andretta, Vincenzo, additional, Da Deppo, Vania, additional, Heinzel, Petr, additional, Moses, John D., additional, Naletto, Giampiero, additional, Nicolini, Gianalfredo, additional, Spadaro, Daniele, additional, Teriaca, Luca, additional, Burtovoi, Aleksandr, additional, De Leo, Yara, additional, Jerse, Giovanna, additional, Landini, Federico, additional, Pancrazzi, Maurizio, additional, Sasso, Clementina, additional, and Slemer, Alessandra, additional

Published
2023
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29. An online database for einkorn wheat to aid in gene discovery and functional genomics studies

Author

Sharma, Parva Kumar, primary, Ahmed, Hanin Ibrahim, additional, Heuberger, Matthias, additional, Koo, Dal-Hoe, additional, Quiroz-Chavez, Jesus, additional, Adhikari, Laxman, additional, Raupp, John, additional, Cauet, Stéphane, additional, Rodde, Nathalie, additional, Cravero, Charlotte, additional, Callot, Caroline, additional, Yadav, Inderjit Singh, additional, Kathiresan, Nagarajan, additional, Athiyannan, Naveenkumar, additional, Ramirez-Gonzalez, Ricardo H, additional, Uauy, Cristobal, additional, Wicker, Thomas, additional, Abrouk, Michael, additional, Gu, Yong Q, additional, Poland, Jesse, additional, Krattinger, Simon G, additional, Lazo, Gerard R, additional, and Tiwari, Vijay K, additional

Published
2023
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31. Observation and Modeling of the Solar Wind Turbulence Evolution in the Sub-Mercury Inner Heliosphere

Author

Telloni, Daniele, primary, Adhikari, Laxman, additional, Zank, Gary P., additional, Hadid, Lina Z., additional, Sánchez-Cano, Beatriz, additional, Sorriso-Valvo, Luca, additional, Zhao, Lingling, additional, Panasenco, Olga, additional, Shi, Chen, additional, Velli, Marco, additional, Susino, Roberto, additional, Verscharen, Daniel, additional, Milillo, Anna, additional, Alberti, Tommaso, additional, Narita, Yasuhito, additional, Verdini, Andrea, additional, Grimani, Catia, additional, Bruno, Roberto, additional, D’Amicis, Raffaella, additional, Perrone, Denise, additional, Marino, Raffaele, additional, Carbone, Francesco, additional, Califano, Francesco, additional, Malara, Francesco, additional, Stawarz, Julia E., additional, Laker, Ronan, additional, Liberatore, Alessandro, additional, Bale, Stuart D., additional, Kasper, Justin C., additional, Heyner, Daniel, additional, de Wit, Thierry Dudok, additional, Goetz, Keith, additional, Harvey, Peter R., additional, MacDowall, Robert J., additional, Malaspina, David M., additional, Pulupa, Marc, additional, Case, Anthony W., additional, Korreck, Kelly E., additional, Larson, Davin, additional, Livi, Roberto, additional, Stevens, Michael L., additional, Whittlesey, Phyllis, additional, Auster, Hans-Ulrich, additional, and Richter, Ingo, additional

Published
2022
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32. Observation of a Magnetic Switchback in the Solar Corona

Author

Telloni, Daniele, primary, Zank, Gary P., additional, Stangalini, Marco, additional, Downs, Cooper, additional, Liang, Haoming, additional, Nakanotani, Masaru, additional, Andretta, Vincenzo, additional, Antonucci, Ester, additional, Sorriso-Valvo, Luca, additional, Adhikari, Laxman, additional, Zhao, Lingling, additional, Marino, Raffaele, additional, Susino, Roberto, additional, Grimani, Catia, additional, Fabi, Michele, additional, D’Amicis, Raffaella, additional, Perrone, Denise, additional, Bruno, Roberto, additional, Carbone, Francesco, additional, Mancuso, Salvatore, additional, Romoli, Marco, additional, Deppo, Vania Da, additional, Fineschi, Silvano, additional, Heinzel, Petr, additional, Moses, John D., additional, Naletto, Giampiero, additional, Nicolini, Gianalfredo, additional, Spadaro, Daniele, additional, Teriaca, Luca, additional, Frassati, Federica, additional, Jerse, Giovanna, additional, Landini, Federico, additional, Pancrazzi, Maurizio, additional, Russano, Giuliana, additional, Sasso, Clementina, additional, Biondo, Ruggero, additional, Burtovoi, Aleksandr, additional, Capuano, Giuseppe E., additional, Casini, Chiara, additional, Casti, Marta, additional, Chioetto, Paolo, additional, Leo, Yara De, additional, Giarrusso, Marina, additional, Liberatore, Alessandro, additional, Berghmans, David, additional, Auchère, Frédéric, additional, Cuadrado, Regina Aznar, additional, Chitta, Lakshmi P., additional, Harra, Louise, additional, Kraaikamp, Emil, additional, Long, David M., additional, Mandal, Sudip, additional, Parenti, Susanna, additional, Pelouze, Gabriel, additional, Peter, Hardi, additional, Rodriguez, Luciano, additional, Schühle, Udo, additional, Schwanitz, Conrad, additional, Smith, Phil J., additional, Verbeeck, Cis, additional, and Zhukov, Andrei N., additional

Published
2022
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33. Linking Small-scale Solar Wind Properties with Large-scale Coronal Source Regions through Joint Parker Solar Probe–Metis/Solar Orbiter Observations

Author

Telloni, Daniele, primary, Zank, Gary P., additional, Sorriso-Valvo, Luca, additional, D’Amicis, Raffaella, additional, Panasenco, Olga, additional, Susino, Roberto, additional, Bruno, Roberto, additional, Perrone, Denise, additional, Adhikari, Laxman, additional, Liang, Haoming, additional, Nakanotani, Masaru, additional, Zhao, Lingling, additional, Hadid, Lina Z., additional, Sánchez-Cano, Beatriz, additional, Verscharen, Daniel, additional, Velli, Marco, additional, Grimani, Catia, additional, Marino, Raffaele, additional, Carbone, Francesco, additional, Mancuso, Salvatore, additional, Biondo, Ruggero, additional, Pagano, Paolo, additional, Reale, Fabio, additional, Bale, Stuart D., additional, Kasper, Justin C., additional, Case, Anthony W., additional, de Wit, Thierry Dudok, additional, Goetz, Keith, additional, Harvey, Peter R., additional, Korreck, Kelly E., additional, Larson, Davin, additional, Livi, Roberto, additional, MacDowall, Robert J., additional, Malaspina, David M., additional, Pulupa, Marc, additional, Stevens, Michael L., additional, Whittlesey, Phyllis, additional, Romoli, Marco, additional, Andretta, Vincenzo, additional, Deppo, Vania Da, additional, Fineschi, Silvano, additional, Heinzel, Petr, additional, Moses, John D., additional, Naletto, Giampiero, additional, Nicolini, Gianalfredo, additional, Spadaro, Daniele, additional, Stangalini, Marco, additional, Teriaca, Luca, additional, Capobianco, Gerardo, additional, Capuano, Giuseppe E., additional, Casini, Chiara, additional, Casti, Marta, additional, Chioetto, Paolo, additional, Corso, Alain J., additional, Leo, Yara De, additional, Fabi, Michele, additional, Frassati, Federica, additional, Frassetto, Fabio, additional, Giordano, Silvio, additional, Guglielmino, Salvo L., additional, Jerse, Giovanna, additional, Landini, Federico, additional, Liberatore, Alessandro, additional, Magli, Enrico, additional, Massone, Giuseppe, additional, Messerotti, Mauro, additional, Pancrazzi, Maurizio, additional, Pelizzo, Maria G., additional, Romano, Paolo, additional, Sasso, Clementina, additional, Schühle, Udo, additional, Slemer, Alessandra, additional, Straus, Thomas, additional, Uslenghi, Michela, additional, Volpicelli, Cosimo A., additional, Zangrilli, Luca, additional, Zuppella, Paola, additional, Abbo, Lucia, additional, Auchère, Frédéric, additional, Cuadrado, Regina Aznar, additional, Berlicki, Arkadiusz, additional, Ciaravella, Angela, additional, Lamy, Philippe, additional, Lanzafame, Alessandro, additional, Malvezzi, Marco, additional, Nicolosi, Piergiorgio, additional, Nisticò, Giuseppe, additional, Peter, Hardi, additional, Solanki, Sami K., additional, Strachan, Leonard, additional, Tsinganos, Kanaris, additional, Ventura, Rita, additional, Vial, Jean-Claude, additional, Woch, Joachim, additional, and Zimbardo, Gaetano, additional

Published
2022
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40. Additional file 2 of Mapping freezing tolerance QTL in alfalfa: based on indoor phenotyping

Author

Adhikari, Laxman, Makaju, Shiva O., Lindstrom, Orville M., and Missaoui, Ali M.

Subjects
food and beverages
Abstract

Additional file 2: Supplementary File S2. Fasta sequence of M. truncatula cold tolerance related gene dehydration-responsive element-binding protein 1C (also known as CBF5) obtained from the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI).

Published
2021
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41. Evolution of Solar Wind Turbulence from 0.1 to 1 au during the First Parker Solar Probe–Solar Orbiter Radial Alignment

Author

Telloni, Daniele, primary, Sorriso-Valvo, Luca, additional, Woodham, Lloyd D., additional, Panasenco, Olga, additional, Velli, Marco, additional, Carbone, Francesco, additional, Zank, Gary P., additional, Bruno, Roberto, additional, Perrone, Denise, additional, Nakanotani, Masaru, additional, Shi, Chen, additional, D’Amicis, Raffaella, additional, De Marco, Rossana, additional, Jagarlamudi, Vamsee K., additional, Steinvall, Konrad, additional, Marino, Raffaele, additional, Adhikari, Laxman, additional, Zhao, Lingling, additional, Liang, Haoming, additional, Tenerani, Anna, additional, Laker, Ronan, additional, Horbury, Timothy S., additional, Bale, Stuart D., additional, Pulupa, Marc, additional, Malaspina, David M., additional, MacDowall, Robert J., additional, Goetz, Keith, additional, de Wit, Thierry Dudok, additional, Harvey, Peter R., additional, Kasper, Justin C., additional, Korreck, Kelly E., additional, Larson, Davin, additional, Case, Anthony W., additional, Stevens, Michael L., additional, Whittlesey, Phyllis, additional, Livi, Roberto, additional, Owen, Christopher J., additional, Livi, Stefano, additional, Louarn, Philippe, additional, Antonucci, Ester, additional, Romoli, Marco, additional, O’Brien, Helen, additional, Evans, Vincent, additional, and Angelini, Virginia, additional

Published
2021
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50. Dissecting Key Adaptation Traits in the Polyploid Perennial <italic>Medicago sativa</italic> Using GBS-SNP Mapping.

Author

Adhikari, Laxman, Lindstrom, Orville M., Markham, Jonathan, and Missaoui, Ali M.

Subjects
POLYPLOIDY, ALFALFA, PLANT gene mapping
Abstract

Understanding key adaptation traits is crucial to developing new cultivars with broad adaptations. The main objective of this research is to understand the genetic basis of winter hardiness (WH) and fall dormancy (FD) in alfalfa and the association between the two traits. QTL analysis was conducted in a pseudo-testcross F1 population developed from two cultivars contrasting in FD (3010 with FD = 2 and CW 1010 with FD = 10). The mapping population was evaluated in three replications at two locations (Watkinsville and Blairsville, GA). FD levels showed low to moderate correlations with WH (0.22–0.57). Assessing dormancy in winter is more reliable than in the fall in southern regions with warm winters. The mapping population was genotyped using Genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS). Single dose allele SNPs (SDA) were used for constructing linkage maps. The parental map (CW 1010) consisted of 32 linkage groups spanning 2127.5 cM with 1377 markers and an average marker density of 1.5 cM/SNP. The maternal map (3010) had 32 linkage groups spanning 2788.4 cM with 1837 SDA SNPs with an average marker density of 1.5 cM/SNP. Forty-five significant (P < 0.05) QTLs for FD and 35 QTLs for WH were detected on both male and female linkage maps. More than 75% (22/28) of the dormancy QTL detected from the 3010 parent did not share genomic regions with WH QTLs and more than 70% (12/17) dormancy QTLs detected from CW 1010 parent were localized in different genomic regions than WH QTLs. These results suggest that the two traits have independent inheritance and therefore can be improved separately in breeding programs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2018
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