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As is known, most polysaccharides have biological activity, play important roles in life processes, and are widely used in healthcare, food processing, and cosmetic production due to their therapeutic effects and relatively low toxicity. Among polysaccharides, this class’s representatives do not have a biological activity to some pathogens of diseases but have a huge potential to use them in various sectors of the national economy, such as in the food industry, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals. One such polysaccharide is the gum obtained from the plant Elaeagnus L. germinating in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region of China and Central Asia. The local people call it jidah. This article is devoted to the extraction, purification, the determination of the monomeric composition, molecular weight, viscosity, spectral analysis, and some chemical properties of the polysaccharide obtained from the gum of the named plant Elaeagnus L.

From 2-amino-3-ethoxycarbonyl-4,5-dimethyl-, -polymethylenethiophenes (1-4) were synthesized 2,3-disubstituted thieno[2,3-d]dihydropyrrolo-, tetrahydropyrido-, and tetrahydroazepino[1,2-a]pyrimidin-4-ones (5-16) for pharmacological investigations. The 12 compounds (5-16) were individually evaluated for their antiproliferative activities on mammalian cancer cell models. All tested compounds showed weak affection on human cervix adenocarcinoma cells (HeLa) whereas some of the tested compounds exhibited more consistent inhibition of cell growth on murine myeloma cells (P3X). In both cases some compounds enhanced cell proliferation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The development of collateral sensitivity agents that are able to modulate P-glycoprotein (P-gp) is the most promising approaches to overcome multidrug resistance (MDR) in cancer. In this study, eight new diterpenoids of jatrophane and ingenane type, 1-8, and three known ones (9-11) were isolated from Euphorbia glomerulans. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic analysis and electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculations. The MDR reversal activity evaluation of these isolates on breast cancer MCF-7/ADR cells demonstrated the four potent MDR modulators (3, 4, 5, and 9) with great chemoreversal ability and low cytotoxicity. The structure-activity relationship (SAR) analysis indicated that the presence of isobutanoyloxy group at C-8 significantly enhance reversal efficiency. Compound 5 exhibited high efficacy (EC 50  = 159.5 nM) in reversing MDR resistance, being stronger than verapamil (EC 50  = 302.9 nM). The MDR reversal mechanism assays revealed that 5 could promote the accumulation of Rh123 and DOX in drug-resistant cells in a certain dose-dependent manner, and inhibit P-gp transport function. In addition, the possible recognition mechanism of compound 5 and verapamil (VRP) with P-gp was predicted by molecular docking., (Copyright © 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

The title compound, C19H20O6, consists of a tetra-substituted benzene ring with one substituent being an α,β-unsaturated cinnamoyl group, which forms an extended conjugated system in the mol-ecule. In addition, two meth-oxy-meth-oxy and one hy-droxy group are bonded to the central benzene ring. The dihedral angle between eh rings is 10.22 (10)°. An intra-molecular hydrogen bond is observed between the hy-droxy group and the carbonyl O atom. One of the meth-oxy-meth-oxy substituents is conformationally disordered over two sets of sites with site-occupation factors of 0.831 (3) and 0.169 (3).