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This paper explores The aspects of public life accompanying the Islamic community during the mid-20th century by studying some tombstones Models and how they relate to the accounts of contemporary historical records. This dealt with study and publication of some tombstones Models from Kirklar Cemetery and how to identify their written content and decorative elements, then turns to indicate symbolic, functional and formal Significancs.This paper also accompanies the reuse of tombstones located in Islamic cemeteries and their exploitation in re-history, followed by the study of the epigraphic inscriptions and decorative elements and their identification of their importance, symbolic connotations, religious purpose, and social role on the tombstones and keeping pace with the period of Russian annexation in the East Caucasus to the Federation. This study is divided into two parts: the descriptive study of (4) tombstones models. Analytical study of the general style compared to the early Islamic and in the middle Ages, with an exploration of artistic treatments, and the formation of artistic analysis of written elements and decorative contents, in addition to identifying the symbolic significance of the use of decorations, slogans and colors in revealing the aspects surrounding the Islamic society in the East Caucasus at the time. Then followed by a study of Arabic calligraphy development’s, letter‘s shapes, then create a historical record of the names, titles and nicknames and using them in classifying the general features of the tombstone models of in that period with some examples of illustrations and manual shape dumps,The search is appended with a conclusion with the most important results

Routine assessment of health facility capacity to provide abortion and post-abortion care can inform policy and programmes to expand access and improve quality. Since 2018, abortion and/or post-abortion care have been integrated into two WHO health facility assessment tools: the Service Availability and Readiness Assessment and the Harmonised Health Facility Assessment. We discuss lessons learnt through experiences integrating abortion into these standardised tools. Our experiences highlight the feasibility of including abortion in health facility assessments across a range of legal contexts. Factors facilitating the integration of abortion include cross-country collaboration and experience sharing, timely inputs into tool adaptations, clear leadership, close relationships among key stakeholders as in assessment coordination groups, use of locally appropriate terminology to refer to abortion and reference to national policies and guidelines. To facilitate high-quality data collection, we identify considerations around question sequencing in tool design, appropriate terminology and the need to balance the normalisation of abortion with adequate sensitisation and education of data collectors. To facilitate appropriate and consistent analysis, future work must ensure adequate disaggregation of recommended and non-recommended abortion methods, alignment with national guidelines and development of a standardised approach for measuring abortion service readiness. Measurement of abortion service availability and readiness should be a routine practice and a standardised component of health facility assessment tools. Evidence generated by health facility assessments that include abortion monitoring can guide efforts to expand access to timely and effective care and help normalise abortion as a core component of sexual and reproductive healthcare., Competing Interests: Competing interests: None declared., (© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2024. Re-use permitted under CC BY. Published by BMJ.)