1. A condensates-to-VPS41-associated phagic vacuoles conversion pathway controls autophagy degradation in plants.
- Author
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Jiang D, He Y, Li H, Dai L, Sun B, Yang L, Pang L, Cao Z, Liu Y, Gao J, Zhang Y, Jiang L, and Li R
- Subjects
- Vesicular Transport Proteins metabolism, Vesicular Transport Proteins genetics, Autophagy-Related Protein 8 Family metabolism, Autophagy-Related Protein 8 Family genetics, SNARE Proteins metabolism, SNARE Proteins genetics, rab7 GTP-Binding Proteins, rab GTP-Binding Proteins metabolism, rab GTP-Binding Proteins genetics, Arabidopsis metabolism, Arabidopsis genetics, Autophagy, Arabidopsis Proteins metabolism, Arabidopsis Proteins genetics, Vacuoles metabolism, Autophagosomes metabolism
- Abstract
Autophagy is a universal degradation system in eukaryotic cells. In plants, although autophagosome biogenesis has been extensively studied, the mechanism of how autophagosomes are transported to the vacuole for degradation remains largely unexplored. In this study, we demonstrated that upon autophagy induction, Arabidopsis homotypic fusion and protein sorting (HOPS) subunit VPS41 converts first from condensates to puncta, then to ring-like structures, termed VPS41-associated phagic vacuoles (VAPVs), which enclose autophagy-related gene (ATG)8s for vacuolar degradation. This process is initiated by ADP ribosylation factor (ARF)-like GTPases ARLA1s and occurs concurrently with autophagy progression through coupling with the synaptic-soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein rmleceptor (SNARE) proteins. Unlike in other eukaryotes, autophagy degradation in Arabidopsis is largely independent of the RAB7 pathway. By contrast, dysfunction in the condensates-to-VAPVs conversion process impairs autophagosome structure and disrupts their vacuolar transport, leading to a significant reduction in autophagic flux and plant survival rate. Our findings suggest that the conversion pathway might be an integral part of the autophagy program unique to plants., Competing Interests: Declaration of interests The authors declare no competing interests., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2024
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