22 results on '"Aznar, Maria Luisa"'
Search Results
2. Adherence and toxicity during the treatment of latent tuberculous infection in a referral center in Spain
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Ortiz, Juan David Puyana, Rodriguez, Andrea Carolina Garces, Aznar, Maria Luisa, Pereiro, Juan Espinosa, Sanchez-Montalva, Adrian, Martinez-Camprecios, Joan, Saborit, Nuria, Rodrigo-Pendas, Jose Angel, Salgado, Guadalupe Garcia, Cortes, Claudia Broto, Delcor, Nuria Serre, Oliveira, Ines, Maruri, Begona Trevino, Ciruelo, Diana Pou, Salvador, Fernando, Bosch-Nicolau, Pau, Torrecilla-Martinez, Irene, Zules-Ona, Ricardo, Fernandez, Maria Teresa Tortola, and Molina, Israel
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- 2023
3. Civil Engineering and Malaria Risk: A descriptive study in a rural area of Cubal, Angola
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Olivas, Eva Gil, Bruguera, Andreu, Eugenio, Arlete Nindia E, Nunda, Joao Jose, Tchiyanga, Armindo, Ekavo, Fernando Graca, Cambali, Adriano, Moreno, Milagros, Bocanegra, Garcia Cristina, Aznar, Maria Luisa, Salvador, Fernando, Sanchez-Montalva, Adrian, and Molina, Israel
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- 2023
4. Tuberculosis contact tracing, Angola/Suivi des contacts pour la tuberculose en Angola/Rastreo de contactos de tuberculosis en Angola
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Martinez-Camprecios, Joan, Gil, Eva, Aixut, Sandra, Moreno, Milagros, Zacarias, Adriano, Nindia, Arlete, Gabriel, Estevao, Espinosa-Pereiro, Juan, Sanchez-Montalva, Adrian, Aznar, Maria Luisa, and Molina, Israel
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Tuberculosis -- Health aspects ,Contact tracing -- Health aspects ,Medical personnel -- Health aspects ,Health ,World Health Organization - Abstract
Objective To assess the outcomes of a contact-tracing programme to increase the diagnosis of tuberculosis in Cubal, Angola and offer preventive treatment to high-risk groups. Methods A health centre-based contact-tracing programme was launched in Hospital Nossa Senhora da Paz in March 2015 and we followed the programme until 2022. In that time, staffing and testing varied which we categorized as four periods: medical staff reinforcement, 2015-2017, with a doctor seconded from Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Spain; routine staff, 2017-2021, with no external medical support; community directly observed treatment (DOT), 2018-2019 with community worker support; and enhanced contact tracing, 2021-2022, with funding that allowed free chest radiographs, molecular and gastric aspirate testing. We assessed differences in contacts seen each month, and testing and treatment offered across the four periods. Findings Overall, the programme evaluated 1978 contacts from 969 index cases. Participation in the programme was low, although it increased significantly during the community DOT period. Only 16.6% (329/1978) of contacts had a chest radiograph. Microbiological confirmation increased to 72.2% (26/36) after including molecular testing, and 10.1% (200/1978) of contacts received treatment for tuberculosis. Of 457 contacts younger than 5 years, 36 (7.9%) received preventive tuberculosis treatment. Half of the contacts were lost to follow-up before a final decision was taken on treatment. Conclusion Contact tracing increased the diagnosis of tuberculosis although engagement with the programme was low and loss to follow-up was high. Participation increased during community DOT. Community-based screening should be explored to improve participation and diagnosis. Objectif Evaluer l'efficacite d'un programme de suivi des contacts pour ameliorer le depistage de la tuberculose a Cubal, en Angola, et proposer un traitement preventif aux groupes a haut risque. Methodes Un programme de suivi des contacts en centre de sante a ete lance en mars 2015 a l'Hospital Nossa Senhora da Paz, et nous l'avons accompagne jusqu'en 2022. Comme les effectifs et le depistage ont evolue durant cette periode, nous l'avons divisee en quatre phases: renforcement de l'equipe medicale entre 2015 et 2017, avec un medecin detache de l'hopital universitaire Vall d'Hebron, en Espagne; personnel regulier entre 2017 et 2021, sans assistance medicale externe; traitement sous surveillance directe (TSD) au niveau communautaire entre 2018 et 2019, avec l'aide des agents communautaires; et enfin, suivi renforce des contacts entre 2021 et 2022, avec un financement permettant d'effectuer gratuitement des radiographies thoraciques, ainsi que des tests moleculaires et d'aspiration gastrique. Nous avons evalue les differences dans les contacts vus chaque mois, mais aussi dans les tests et traitements proposes durant les quatre phases. Resultats Au total, le programme a examine 1978 contacts Issus de 969 cas Indicateurs. La participation au programme etait faible, bien qu'elle ait considerablement augmente au cours de la phase de TSD au niveau communautaire. A peine 16,6% (329/1978) des contacts ont fait l'objet d'une radiographie thoracique. La confirmation microbiologique a atteint 72,2% (26/36) apres avoir inclus les tests moleculaires, tandis que 10,1% (200/1978) des contacts ont recu un traitement contre la tuberculose. Sur les 457 contacts ages de moins de 5 ans, 36 (7,9%) se sont vus administrer un traitement preventif contre la tuberculose. La moitie des contacts ont ete perdus de vue avant qu'une decision finale n'ait ete prise en matiere de traitement. Conclusion Le suivi a permis de mieux diagnostiquer la tuberculose, malgre la faible participation au programme et le nombre eleve de contacts perdus de vue. La participation a augmente pendant la phase de TSD au niveau communautaire. Le depistage au niveau communautaire devrait etre renforce afin d'accroitre le taux de participation et de diagnostic. Objetivo Evaluar los resultados de un programa de rastreo de contactos para aumentar el diagnostico de la tuberculosis en Cubal (Angola) y ofrecer tratamiento preventivo a los grupos de alto riesgo. Metodos En marzo de 2015, se inicio un programa de rastreo de contactos basado en centros sanitarios en el Hospital Nossa Senhora da Paz y se siguio hasta 2022. En ese tiempo, la dotacion de personal y las pruebas variaron, lo que clasificamos en cuatro periodos: refuerzo del personal medico, de 2015 a 2017, con un medico enviado en comision de servicios desde el Hospital Universitario Vall d'Hebron (Espana); personal de rutina, de 2017 a 2021, sin apoyo medico externo; tratamiento directamente observado (TDO) en la poblacion, de 2018 a 2019, con apoyo de trabajadores comunitarios; y rastreo de contactos mejorado, de 2021 a 2022, con financiacion que permitio realizar radiografias de torax y pruebas moleculares y de aspirado gastrico gratuitas. Se evaluaron las diferencias en los contactos atendidos al mes y las pruebas y el tratamiento ofrecidos en los cuatro periodos. Resultados En total, el programa evaluo 1978 contactos de 969 casos de referencia. La participacion en el programa fue baja, aunque aumento de manera significativa durante el periodo de TDO en la poblacion. Solo el 16,6% (329/1978) de los contactos se sometieron a una radiografia de torax. La confirmacion microbiologica aumento al 72,2% (26/36) tras incluir las pruebas moleculares y el 10,1% (200/1978) de los contactos recibieron tratamiento para la tuberculosis. De 457 contactos menores de 5 anos, 36 (7,9%) recibieron tratamiento preventivo contra la tuberculosis. Se perdio el seguimiento de la mitad de los contactos antes de que se tomara una decision final sobre el tratamiento. Conclusion El rastreo de contactos aumento el diagnostico de la tuberculosis, aunque el compromiso con el programa fue bajo y la perdida del seguimiento fue alta. La participacion aumento durante el TDO en la poblacion. Se debe explorar el cribado en la poblacion para mejorar la participacion y el diagnostico., Introduction Increasing testing and diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) is one of the main pillars of the End TB Strategy, together with rapid initiation of effective therapy and follow-up programmes. (1) [...]
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- 2024
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5. Evaluation of two different strategies for schistosomiasis screening in high-risk groups in a non-endemic setting
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Roade, Luisa, Sulleiro, Elena, Bocanegra, Cristina, Salvador, Fernando, Trevino, Begona, Zarzuela, Francesc, Goterris, Lidia, Serre-Delcor, Nuria, Oliveira-Souto, Ines, Aznar, Maria Luisa, Pou, Diana, Sanchez-Montalva, Adrian, Bosch-Nicolau, Pau, Espinosa-Pereiro, Juan, and Molina, Israel
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- 2023
6. Impact of traditional cutaneous scarification on anthrax lesions: A series of cases from Cubal, Angola
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Martínez-Campreciós, Joan, Moreno, Milagros, Salvador, Fernando, Barrio-Tofiño, Ester Del, Nindia, Arlete, Aznar, Maria Luisa, and Molina, Israel
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- 2024
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7. Endomyocardial involvement in asymptomatic Latin American migrants with eosinophilia related to helminth infection: A pilot study.
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Sempere, Abiu, Salvador, Fernando, Milà, Laia, Casas, Guillem, Durà-Miralles, Xavier, Sulleiro, Elena, Vila-Olives, Rosa, Bosch-Nicolau, Pau, Aznar, Maria Luisa, Espinosa-Pereiro, Juan, Treviño, Begoña, Sánchez-Montalvá, Adrián, Serre-Delcor, Núria, Oliveira-Souto, Inés, Pou, Diana, Rodríguez-Palomares, José, and Molina, Israel
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LATIN Americans ,HELMINTHIASIS ,MICROBIOLOGICAL techniques ,HYPEREOSINOPHILIC syndrome ,LEFT heart atrium - Abstract
Background: Hypereosinophilic syndrome can produce cardiac involvement and endomyocardial fibrosis, which have a poor prognosis. However, there is limited information regarding cardiac involvement among migrants from Latin America with eosinophilia related to helminthiasis. Methods: We conducted a pilot observational study where an echocardiography was performed on migrants from Latin America with both eosinophilia (>450 cells/μL) and a diagnosis of helminth infection, and on migrants from Latin America without eosinophilia or helminth infection. Microbiological techniques included a stool microscopic examination using the Ritchie's formalin-ether technique, and a specific serology to detect Strongyloides stercoralis antibodies. Results: 37 participants were included, 20 with eosinophilia and 17 without eosinophilia. Twenty (54.1%) were men with a mean age of 41.3 (SD 14.3) years. Helminthic infections diagnosed in the group with eosinophilia were: 17 cases of S. stercoralis infection, 1 case of hookworm infection, and 2 cases of S. stercoralis and hookworm coinfection. Among participants with eosinophilia, echocardiographic findings revealed a greater right ventricle thickness (p = 0.001) and left atrial area and volume index (p = 0.003 and p = 0.004, respectively), while showing a lower left atrial strain (p = 0.006) and E-wave deceleration time (p = 0.008). An increase was shown in both posterior and anterior mitral leaflet thickness (p = 0.0014 and p = 0.004, respectively) when compared with participants without eosinophilia. Conclusions: Migrants from Latin America with eosinophilia related to helminthic infections might present incipient echocardiographic alterations suggestive of early diastolic dysfunction, that could be related to eosinophilia-induced changes in the endomyocardium. Author summary: A recent study in migrants from Sub-Saharan Africa with eosinophilia related to helminth infection describes initial findings on cardiac ultrasound in the form of thickening of the posterior leaflet of the mitral valve, but with no clinical manifestations, representing the early stage of the endomyocardial fibrosis process. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the relationship between eosinophilia secondary to helminth infection and cardiac involvement in Latin American patients. In our cohort, eosinophilia in patients was mainly due to Strongyloides stercoralis infection. Among patients with eosinophilia, echocardiographic findings revealed a greater right ventricle thickness and left atrial area and volume index, while showing a lower left atrial strain and E-wave deceleration time when compared with patients without eosinophilia. These alterations are suggestive of early diastolic dysfunction that could be related to eosinophilia-induced changes in the endomyocardium. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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8. Usefulness of Xpert MTB/RIF and Xpert Ultra to Categorize Risk of Tuberculosis Transmission to Household Contacts.
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Mol, Alexander, Sánchez-Montalvá, Adrián, Espinosa-Pereiro, Juan, Aznar, Maria Luisa, Salvador, Fernando, Bosch-Nicolau, Pau, Souza-Galvão, Maria-Luiza de, Jiménez, María Ángeles, Rodrigo-Pendás, José Ángel, Millet, Joan-Pau, Saborit, Nuria, Broto, Claudia, Molina, Israel, and Tórtola, Teresa
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LATENT tuberculosis ,TUBERCULOSIS ,CONTACT tracing ,UNIVERSITY hospitals ,REGRESSION analysis - Abstract
Background People with pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) are contagious, particularly to their household contacts. Their infectivity has been associated with the bacterial load in sputum samples. This study investigated if the bacterial load in sputum samples as quantified by Xpert MTB/RIF and Xpert Ultra is correlated with the extent that latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) occurred in household contacts of people with PTB. Methods A retrospective study was performed including people with PTB presenting at Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, between 2011 and 2021. Their infection ratio, representing the proportion of household members found with LTBI in contact tracing investigation, was compared with the quantitative results of Xpert MTB/RIF and Xpert Ultra using ordinal regression analysis. Results A total of 107 people with PTB were included. Among their 398 household contacts, 126 (31.7%) cases of LTBI and 14 cases with active TB disease (3.5%) were reported. Higher bacterial load in Xpert MTB/RIF and Xpert Ultra baseline sputum was significantly associated with increased infection ratios, providing better estimates than conventional acid-fast bacilli (AFB) smear grading. Conclusions Xpert MTB/RIF and Xpert Ultra could serve as an alternative to AFB sputum-smear grading in determining contact tracing priorities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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9. Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome in Traveler Returning from Nepal to Spain
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Sulleiro, Elena, Aznar, Maria Luisa, Serre-Delcor, Nuria, Salvador, Fernando, Sanchez-Montalva, Adrian, Espasa, Mateu, Molina, Daniel, de Ory, Fernando, Sanchez-Seco, M. Paz, Molina, Israel, Diaz-Lagares, Candido, Martinez, Miguel J., Pumarola, Tomas, and Oliveira, Ines
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Hemorrhagic fevers -- Health aspects ,Travelers -- Health aspects ,Hantavirus infections -- Health aspects ,Infection -- Health aspects ,Respiratory insufficiency ,Diseases ,Ambulatory care facilities ,Health - Abstract
More than 24 pathogenic hantaviruses that are known to be pathogenic to humans have been identified worldwide (1). The diseases these viruses have caused have been traditionally divided into 2 [...]
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- 2020
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10. Adjuvant lung resection in the management of nontuberculous mycobacterial lung infection: A retrospective matched cohort study
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Aznar, María Luisa, Zubrinic, Marijana, Siemienowicz, Miranda, Hashimoto, Kohei, Brode, Sarah Kathleen, Mehrabi, Mahtab, Patsios, Demetris, Keshavjee, Shafique, and Marras, Theodore Konstantine
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- 2018
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11. Drug Resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Complex in a Rural Setting, Angola
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Rando-Segura, Ariadna, Aznar, Maria Luisa, Moreno, Maria Milagros, Espasa, Mateu, Sulleiro, Elena, Bocanegra, Cristina, Gil, Eva, Eugenio, Arlete N.E., Escartin, Carlos, Zacarias, Adriano, Vegue, Josep, Katimba, Domingos, Vivas, Maria Carmen, Gabriel, Estevao, Marina, Maria Concepcion, Mendioroz, Jacobo, Lopez, Maria Teresa, Pumarola, Tomas, Molina, Israel, and Tortola, Maria Teresa
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Antitubercular agents -- Surveys ,Microbial drug resistance -- Drug therapy -- Surveys ,Tuberculosis -- Drug therapy -- Surveys ,Surveillance equipment -- Surveys ,Health - Abstract
Angola is among the 30 countries with the highest incidence of tuberculosis (TB) and multidrug-resistant (MDR) TB worldwide (1). However, drug-resistance prevalence is unknown in the absence of a national [...]
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- 2018
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12. Civil Engineering and Malaria Risk: A Descriptive Study in a Rural Area of Cubal, Angola
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Gil Olivas, Eva, Bruguera, Andreu, Eugenio, Arlete Nindia E., Nunda, João José, Tchiyanga, Armindo, Ekavo, Fernando Graça, Cambali, Adriano, Moreno, Milagros, Bocanegra García, Cristina, Aznar, Maria Luisa, Salvador, Fernando, Sánchez-Montalvá, Adrián, Molina Romero, Israel, and Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona
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Benguela ,Infectious Diseases ,General Immunology and Microbiology ,Angola ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,malaria ,incidence rate ,Civil engineering ,Incidence rate ,civil engineering ,Malaria - Abstract
(1) Background: Angola is among the high-burden countries with malaria cases globally. After 2013, we suspected an increase in the number of malaria cases in Cubal (Angola), previously in decline. Our objective was to evaluate the incidence rate in Cubal, overall and by neighborhood, for 2014, 2015, and 2016. (2) Methods: A retrospective, observational study was performed in Cubal (Angola) from January 2014 to December 2016, including all patients with a microbiologically confirmed diagnosis, treated at Cubal’s Hospitals for this period of time. The principal variables calculated were the incidence rates of 2014, 2015, and 2016 in Cubal (overall and by neighborhood). (3) Results: There were 3249 malaria cases. The incidence rates were 2.27, 10.73, and 12.40 cases per 1000 inhabitants in 2014, 2015, and 2016, respectively. In the neighborhood, Hamavoko-Kasseke, there was a 10.73-fold increase in incidence during this period. Additionally, Hamavoko-Kasseke presents an anomalous distribution of malaria cases. (4) Conclusions: We observed an increase in the incidence of malaria in Cubal during the three-year study period. The case distribution was highly heterogeneous with hyperendemic areas, and we found a chronobiological association between the construction of a civil engineering project. This information could be useful for deciding which malaria control strategies must be implemented in this area.
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- 2023
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13. Safety and effectiveness of low-dose amikacin in nontuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary disease treated in Toronto, Canada
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Aznar, Maria Luisa, Marras, Theodore K., Elshal, Ahmed Said, Mehrabi, Mahtab, and Brode, Sarah K.
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- 2019
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14. Corrigendum to “Epidemiological and clinical profile of adult patients with diarrhoea after international travel attended in an International Health referral center” [Trav Med Infect Dis 45 (2022) 102216]
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España-Cueto, Sergio, Salvador, Fernando, Oliveira, Inés, Goterris, Lidia, Treviño, Begoña, Sánchez-Montalvá, Adrián, Serre-Delcor, Núria, Sulleiro, Elena, Rodríguez, Virginia, Aznar, María Luisa, Bosch-Nicolau, Pau, Espinosa-Pereiro, Juan, Pou, Diana, and Molina, Israel
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- 2023
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15. Case Report: Leishmaniasis in a 33-Year-Old Man with Multiple Sclerosis
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Guerra-Amor, Alvaro, primary, Lopez-Gonzalez, Ane, additional, Bosch-Nicolau, Pau, additional, Rodriguez-Acevedo, Breogan, additional, Zabalza, Ana, additional, Sulleiro, Elena, additional, Espinosa-Pereiro, Juan, additional, Aznar, Maria Luisa, additional, Salvador, Fernando, additional, Sánchez-Montalvá, Adrián, additional, and Molina, Israel, additional
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- 2022
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16. Ultrasound findings and associated factors to morbidity in Schistosoma haematobium infection in a highly endemic setting
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Bocanegra García, Cristina, Pintar, Zeferino, Serres, Xavier, Mendioroz, Jacobo, Moreno, Milagros, Gallego, Sara, López, Teresa, Soriano‐Arandes, Antoni, Aznar, Maria Luisa, Sikaleta, Nicolau, Gil, Eva, Salvador, Fernando, and Molina, Israel
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- 2018
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17. MDR Tuberculosis Treatment
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Espinosa-Pereiro, Juan, Sánchez-Montalvá, Adrian, Aznar, Maria Luisa, Espiau, María, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Espinosa-Pereiro, Juan, Sánchez-Montalvá, Adrian, Aznar, Maria Luisa, Espiau, María, and Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona
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Multidrug-resistant (MDR) tuberculosis (TB), resistant to isoniazid and rifampicin, continues to be one of the most important threats to controlling the TB epidemic. Over the last few years, there have been promising pharmacological advances in the paradigm of MDR TB treatment: new and repurposed drugs have shown excellent bactericidal and sterilizing activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis and several all-oral short regimens to treat MDR TB have shown promising results. The purpose of this comprehensive review is to summarize the most important drugs currently used to treat MDR TB, the recommended regimens to treat MDR TB, and we also summarize new insights into the treatment of patients with MDR TB
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- 2022
18. MDR Tuberculosis Treatment
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Espinosa-Pereiro, Juan, primary, Sánchez-Montalvá, Adrian, additional, Aznar, Maria Luisa, additional, and Espiau, Maria, additional
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- 2022
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19. Tuberculosis multirresistente en un área rural de Angola
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Aznar, Maria Luisa, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Departament de Medicina, Molina Romero, Israel, Tórtola Fernández, María Teresa, and Falcó, Vicenç
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Angola ,Tuberculosis multirresitente ,Multidrug ressitent tuberculosis ,Tuberculosi multiresistent ,Ciències de la Salut - Abstract
La Tuberculosis Multirresistente (TB MDR) es una enfermedad causada por el bacilo Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) resistente a la rifampicina (RIF) e isoniazida (INH). En 2017 se notificaron a nivel mundial más de 160.000 casos de TB MDR, de los cuales sólo un 25% inició tratamiento con fármacos de segunda línea. Sin embargo, las estimaciones sugieren que unos 558.000 casos desarrollaron TB resistente a RIF, y que de estos un 82% tenían TB MDR. Existen numerosas barreras que justifican las diferencias entre los casos notificados y los casos estimados, como son la dificultad de acceso a los sistemas de salud, la falta de medios diagnósticos y la falta de notificación de casos. En Angola, se desconocía la prevalencia de TB MDR debido a la falta de métodos apropiados para su diagnóstico. La realización de los proyectos relacionados con la presente tesis puso de manifiesto los primeros casos del país. Los trabajos que componen esta tesis se realizaron a raíz de un primer estudio realizado por nuestro grupo en el que se observó una alta proporción de fracaso entre los pacientes diagnosticados de TB que iniciaban tratamiento con fármacos de primera línea. Estos datos hicieron sospechar la posibilidad de que una de las causas del alto porcentaje de fracasos fuera la existencia de TB MDR. Para corroborar esta hipótesis, se instaló el primer equipo de diagnóstico molecular rápido de detección de MTB y resistencia a RIF (Xpert MTB/RIF) en el país, lo que permitió conocer la prevalencia de esta enfermedad, así como poder iniciar el tratamiento adecuado con fármacos de segunda línea en los pacientes infectados por cepas de TB MDR. El primero de los trabajos que componen esta tesis describe la prevalencia de TB MDR encontrada en Cubal, con cifras mucho más altas a las estimadas por la OMS para Angola (8% en pacientes no tratados previamente para TB y 71,1% en los pacientes que habían recibido tratamiento para TB previamente), así como los factores relacionados con el desarrollo de TB MDR. En el segundo trabajo se describen las características clínicas y la evolución de los pacientes diagnosticados de TB MDR que fueron tratados con un régimen estandarizado de segunda línea, observándose que más del 80% de los pacientes presentaron efectos adversos relacionados con los fármacos de segunda línea y que sólo un 54% de los casos completaron el tratamiento y se curaron. Las conclusiones de esta tesis han sido enormemente valiosas para conocer que la TB MDR es un problema importantísimo en el país. A raíz de los hallazgos observados en los artículos descritos en esta tesis el programa nacional de Angola de lucha contra la TB (PNLT) ha instalado nuevos aparatos Xpert MTB/RIF en el país y las guías de tratamiento se han modificado, contemplando el régimen de segunda línea e iniciándose los trámites para la realización de un estudio epidemiológico para conocer la prevalencia de TB MDR a nivel nacional. Multidrug-resistant TB (MDR TB) is caused by bacillus Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) resistant to rifampin (RIF) and isoniazid (INH). In 2017, more than 160,000 cases of MDR TB were reported, and only 25% of them started treatment with second-line drugs. However, it's estimated that about 558,000 cases developed RIF-resistant TB, of which 82% had MDR TB. There are numerous barriers that justify the differences between reported cases and estimated cases, such as the difficulty of access to health systems, the lack of diagnostic tools and the poor case notification. In Angola, the prevalence of MDR TB was unknown since there was no appropriate method for diagnosis. The realization of the projects related to this thesis revealed the first cases of the country. The papers that compose this thesis were inspired by the results of a first study carried out by our group in which a high proportion of failure was observed among patients diagnosed with TB who started treatment with first-line drugs. These data suggested that one of the causes of the high percentage of failures was the presence of MDR TB in the area. To corroborate this hypothesis, the first rapid molecular diagnosis equipment for detection of both MTB and resistance to RIF (Xpert MTB / RIF) was installed in the country, which allowed to know the prevalence of this disease, and to initiate the appropriate treatment with second-line drugs in patients infected with MDR TB strains. The first of the studies that compose this thesis describes the prevalence of MDR TB found in Cubal, which is much higher than the estimated by WHO for Angola (8% in patients not previously treated for TB and 71.1% in patients who had received treatment for TB previously), as well as factors related to the development of MDR TB. The second study describes the clinical characteristics and microbiological outcomes of patients diagnosed with MDR TB who were treated with a standardized second-line regimen, observing that more than 80% of the patients experienced adverse effects related to second-line drugs and that only 54% of cases achieved treatment success. The conclusions of this thesis have been enormously valuable to know that MDR TB is a very important problem in the country. Based on the results observed in the articles described in this thesis, Angola's national TB control program (PNLT) has installed new Xpert MTB / RIF devices in the country and the treatment guidelines have been modified, considering the regimen for MDR TB and starting the process for the performance of an epidemiological study to know the prevalence of MDR TB nationwide.
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- 2019
20. Ultrasound Evolution of Pediatric Urinary Schistosomiasis after Treatment with Praziquantel in a Highly Endemic Area
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Bocanegra, Cristina, primary, Pintar, Zeferino, additional, Moreno, Milagros, additional, Aznar, Maria Luisa, additional, Serres, Xavier, additional, Sikaleta, Nicolau, additional, Salvador, Fernando, additional, Nindia, Arlette, additional, Molina, Israel, additional, Mendioroz, Jacobo, additional, Gil, Eva, additional, Soriano-Arandes, Antoni, additional, and Gallego, Sara, additional
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- 2018
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21. Ultrasound findings and associated factors to morbidity inSchistosoma haematobiuminfection in a highly endemic setting
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Bocanegra García, Cristina, primary, Pintar, Zeferino, additional, Serres, Xavier, additional, Mendioroz, Jacobo, additional, Moreno, Milagros, additional, Gallego, Sara, additional, López, Teresa, additional, Soriano-Arandes, Antoni, additional, Aznar, Maria Luisa, additional, Sikaleta, Nicolau, additional, Gil, Eva, additional, Salvador, Fernando, additional, and Molina, Israel, additional
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- 2017
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22. COVID-19 Clinical Profile in Latin American Migrants Living in Spain: Does the Geographical Origin Matter?
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Sempere, Abiu, Salvador, Fernando, Monforte, Arnau, Sampol, Júlia, Espinosa-Pereiro, Juan, Miarons, Marta, Bosch-Nicolau, Pau, Guillén-del-Castillo, Alfredo, Aznar, Maria Luisa, Campos-Varela, Isabel, Sánchez-Montalvá, Adrián, Leguízamo-Martínez, Lina María, Oliveira, Inés, Antón, Andrés, and Almirante, Benito
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LATIN Americans ,INTENSIVE care units ,COVID-19 ,HOSPITAL patients ,HOSPITAL mortality - Abstract
The aim of this study was to describe and compare the clinical characteristics of hospitalized patients with COVID-19 pneumonia according to their geographical origin. This is a retrospective case-control study of hospitalized patients with confirmed COVID-19 pneumonia treated at Vall d'Hebron University Hospital (Barcelona) during the first wave of the pandemic. Cases were defined as patients born in Latin America and controls were randomly selected among Spanish patients matched by age and gender. Demographic and clinical variables were collected, including comorbidities, symptoms, vital signs and analytical parameters, intensive care unit admission and outcome at 28 days after admission. Overall, 1080 hospitalized patients were registered: 774 (71.6%) from Spain, 142 (13.1%) from Latin America and the rest from other countries. Patients from Latin America were considered as cases and 558 Spanish patients were randomly selected as controls. Latin American patients had a higher proportion of anosmia, rhinorrhea and odynophagia, as well as higher mean levels of platelets and lower mean levels of ferritin than Spanish patients. No differences were found in oxygen requirement and mortality at 28 days after admission, but there was a higher proportion of ICU admissions (28.2% vs. 20.2%, p = 0.0310). An increased proportion of ICU admissions were found in patients from Latin America compared with native Spanish patients when adjusted by age and gender, with no significant differences in in-hospital mortality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2021
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