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21 results on '"Brown, Skylar"'

1. Characterization of inhalation exposures at a wildfire incident during the Wildland Firefighter Exposure and Health Effects (WFFEHE) Study

Author

Navarro, Kathleen M, Fent, Kenneth, Mayer, Alexander C, Brueck, Scott E, Toennis, Christine, Law, Brandon, Meadows, Juliana, Sammons, Deborah, and Brown, Skylar

Abstract

Wildland firefighters (WFFs) are exposed to many inhalation hazards working in the wildland fire environment. To assess occupational exposures and acute and subacute health effects among WFFs, the wildland firefighter exposure and health effects study collected data for a 2-year repeated measures study. This manuscript describes the exposure assessment from one Interagency Hotshot Crew (N= 19) conducted at a wildfire incident. Exposures to benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylene isomers, formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, and naphthalene were measured through personal air sampling each work shift. Biological monitoring was done for creatinine-adjusted levoglucosan in urine pre- and post-shift. For 3 days sampling at the wildfire incident, benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylene isomers (m and p, and o) exposure was highest on day 1 (geometric mean [GM] = 0.015, 0.042, 0.10, 0.42, and 0.15 ppm, respectively) when WFFs were not exposed to smoke but used chainsaws to remove vegetation and prepare fire suppression breaks. Exposure to formaldehyde and acetaldehyde was highest on day 2 (GM = 0.03 and 0.036 ppm, respectively) when the WFFs conducted a firing operation and were directly exposed to wildfire smoke. The greatest difference of pre- and post-shift levoglucosan concentrations were observed on day 3 (pre-shift: 9.7 and post-shift: 47 μg/mg creatinine) after WFFs conducted mop up (returned to partially burned area to extinguish any smoldering vegetation). Overall, 65% of paired samples (across all sample days) showed a post-shift increase in urinary levoglucosan and 5 firefighters were exposed to benzene at concentrations at or above the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) recommended exposure limit. Our findings further demonstrate that exposure to inhalation hazards is one of many risks that wildland firefighters experience while suppressing wildfires.

Published
2023
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3. Ataxin-7 and Non-stop coordinate SCAR protein levels, subcellular localization, and actin cytoskeleton organization

Author

Cloud, Veronica, primary, Thapa, Ada, additional, Morales-Sosa, Pedro, additional, Miller, Tayla M, additional, Miller, Sara A, additional, Holsapple, Daniel, additional, Gerhart, Paige M, additional, Momtahan, Elaheh, additional, Jack, Jarrid L, additional, Leiva, Edgardo, additional, Rapp, Sarah R, additional, Shelton, Lauren G, additional, Pierce, Richard A, additional, Martin-Brown, Skylar, additional, Florens, Laurence, additional, Washburn, Michael P, additional, and Mohan, Ryan D, additional

Published
2019
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5. Make time for mother (nature)

Author

Brown, Skylar

Subjects
Outdoor recreation -- Social aspects -- United States, Nature -- Appreciation -- Social aspects -- Psychological aspects, Women's issues/gender studies
Abstract

At home, there are many things that can occupy my afternoons. Like the book on the couch, or writing my stories on the computer, or drawing, or making cookies. I [...]

Published
2015

6. A Rapid and Inexpensive Bioassay to Evaluate the Decontamination of Organophosphates

Author

SOUTHWEST MISSOURI STATE UNIV SPRINGFIELD, Claborn, David M, Martin-Brown, Skylar A, Sagar, Sanjay G, Durham, Paul, SOUTHWEST MISSOURI STATE UNIV SPRINGFIELD, Claborn, David M, Martin-Brown, Skylar A, Sagar, Sanjay G, and Durham, Paul

Abstract

An inexpensive and rapid bioassay using adult red fl our beetles was developed for use in assessing the decontamination of environments containing organophosphates and related chemicals. A decontamination protocol was developed which demonstrated that 2 to 3 applications of 5% bleach solution were required to obtain nearly complete decontamination of malathion. The bioassay was also used to screen common household cleaners as potential decontaminating agents, but only 5% bleach was effective at improving survival of insects on steel plates treated with 25% malathion. A toxic degradation product (malaoxon) was detected using gas chromatography/ mass spectrophotometry; this toxin affected the decontamination effi cacy and resulted in continued toxicity to the beetles until subsequent decontaminations. The bioassay provides evidence to support the use of red fl our beetles as a sensitive, less expensive method for determining safety levels of environments contaminated with malathion and other toxins, and may have application in the study of chemical warfare agents., See also ADA56338, AMEDD p-36-42, July-September 2012. Government or Federal Purpose Rights License. The original document contains color images.

Published
2012

10. Human Mediator Subunit MED26 Functions as a Docking Site for Transcription Elongation Factors

Author

Takahashi, Hidehisa, primary, Parmely, Tari J., additional, Sato, Shigeo, additional, Tomomori-Sato, Chieri, additional, Banks, Charles A.S., additional, Kong, Stephanie E., additional, Szutorisz, Henrietta, additional, Swanson, Selene K., additional, Martin-Brown, Skylar, additional, Washburn, Michael P., additional, Florens, Laurence, additional, Seidel, Chris W., additional, Lin, Chengqi, additional, Smith, Edwin R., additional, Shilatifard, Ali, additional, Conaway, Ronald C., additional, and Conaway, Joan W., additional

Published
2011
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17. Characterization of Cullin-box Sequences That Direct Recruitment of Cul2-Rbx1 and Cul5-Rbx2 Modules to Elongin BC-based Ubiquitin Ligases

Author

Mahrour, Nawel, primary, Redwine, William B., additional, Florens, Laurence, additional, Swanson, Selene K., additional, Martin-Brown, Skylar, additional, Bradford, William D., additional, Staehling-Hampton, Karen, additional, Washburn, Michael P., additional, Conaway, Ronald C., additional, and Conaway, Joan W., additional

Published
2008
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19. Proteomics Reveals a Physical and Functional Link between Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 4α and Transcription Factor llD.

Author

Takahashi, Hidehisa, Martin-Brown, Skylar, Washburn, Michael P., Florens, Laurence, Conaway, Joan W., and Conaway, Ronald C.

Subjects
*PROTEOMICS, *MASS spectrometry, *PROTEIN-protein interactions, *NUCLEAR receptors (Biochemistry), *LIVER cells, *NF-kappa B, *RNA polymerases
Abstract

Proteomic analyses have contributed substantially to our understanding of diverse cellular processes. Improvements in the sensitivity of mass spectrometry approaches are enabling more in-depth analyses of protein-protein networks and, in some cases, are providing surprising new insights into well established, longstanding problems. Here, we describe such a proteomic analysis that exploits MudPIT mass spectrometry and has led to the discovery of a physical and functional link between the orphan nuclear receptor hepatocyte nuclear factor 4α (HNF4α) and transcription factor lID (TFIID). A systematic characterization of the HNF4α-TFIID link revealed that the HNF4α DNA-binding domain binds directly to the TATA boxbinding protein (TBP) and, through this interaction, can target TBP or TFIID to promoters containing HNF4α-binding sites in vitro. Supporting the functional significance of this interaction, an HNF4α mutation that blocks binding of TBP to HNF4α interferes with HNF4α transactivation activity in cells. These findings identify an unexpected role for the HNF4α DNA-binding domain in mediating key regulatory interactions and provide new insights into the roles of HNF4α and TFIID in RNA polymerase II transcription. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2009
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20. Intrinsic Capability of Budding Yeast Cofilin to Promote Turnover of Tropomyosin-Bound Actin Filaments.

Author

Xiaoxue Fan, Martin-Brown, Skylar, Florens, Laurence, and Rong Li

Subjects
*ACTIN, *TROPOMYOSINS, *YEAST, *MASS spectrometry, *LABORATORY mice, *PROTEINS
Abstract

The ability of actin filaments to function in cell morphogenesis and motility is closely coupled to their dynamic properties. Yeast cells contain two prominent actin structures, cables and patches, both of which are rapidly assembled and disassembled. Although genetic studies have shown that rapid actin turnover in patches and cables depends on cofilin, how cofilin might control cable disassembly remains unclear, because tropomyosin, a component of actin cables, is thought to protect actin filaments against the depolymerizing activity of ADF/cofilin. We have identified cofilin as a yeast tropomyosin (Tpm1) binding protein through Tpm1 affinity column and mass spectrometry. Using a variety of assays, we show that yeast cofilin can efficiently depolymerize and sever yeast actin filaments decorated with either Tpm1 or mouse tropomyosins TM1 and TM4. Our results suggest that yeast cofilin has the intrinsic ability to promote actin cable turnover, and that the severing activity may rely on its ability to bind Tpm1. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2008
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21. Molecular Regulation of H3K4 Trimethylation by Wdr82, a Component of Human Set1/COMPASS.

Author

Min Wu, Peng Fei Wang, Jung Shin Lee, Martin-Brown, Skylar, Florens, Laurence, Washburn, Michael, and Shilatifard, Ali

Subjects
METHYLATION, GENETIC regulation, CHROMATIN, HISTONES, CELLS, MOLECULAR biology
Abstract

In yeast, the macromolecular complex Set1/COMPASS is capable of methylating H3K4, a posttranslational modification associated with actively transcribed genes. There is only one Set1 in yeast; yet in mammalian cells there are multiple H3K4 methylases, including Set1A/B, forming human COMPASS complexes, and MLL1-4, forming human COMPASS-like complexes. We have shown that Wdr82, which associates with chromatin in a histone H2B ubiquitination-dependent manner, is a specific component of Set1 complexes but not that of MLL1-4 complexes. RNA interference-mediated knockdown of Wdr82 results in a reduction in the H3K4 trimethylation levels, although these cells still possess active MLL complexes. Comprehensive in vitro enzymatic studies with Set1 and MLL complexes demonstrated that the Set1 complex is a more robust H3K4 trimethylase in vitro than the MLL complexes. Given our in vivo and in vitro observations, it appears that the human Set1 complex plays a more widespread role in H3K4 trimethylation than do the MLL complexes in mammalian cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2008

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