Search

Cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata f. alba) stands as an economically significant vegetable crop cultivated on a global scale. The life cycle encompasses four distinct vegetative stages: seedling, rosette, folding, and heading. Rosette leaves, contribute substantially to the energy allocation necessary for the development of the characteristic leafy head. This study delves, firstly, into a detailed morphological analysis to investigate the early developmental stages of cabbage seedlings, unravelling the intricate dynamics of their overall morphology. Secondly, an exploration was carried out into the quantities of assimilatory pigments within the cabbage seedlings which provides valuable aspects of early cabbage development. The third study delves into the influence of planting dates and densities on the morphological characteristics of cabbage plants during the vegetative phase. Through analyses of plant morphology, the study discerns nuanced developmental responses influenced by varied planting schedules. This research aims to contribute not only to the scientific understanding of white cabbage cultivation but also to practical implications for optimizing planting strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The tomato is a major annual crop that is grown all over the world for the nourishment of consumers. Since it is predicted that by 2050, over 50% of arable land will be saline, researchers have recently concentrated on understanding how tomato plants respond to different saline environments. The tomato is regarded as "moderately tolerant" of salinity because of its capacity to maintain ionic and water balance in the root zone at moderate salinity levels and because it is more vulnerable to salt stress than its wild equivalents. Some papers include information on how different cultivars behave under different salinity concentrations, analyse various parameters, and discuss the mechanisms regarding tomato salt tolerance. When the salt concentration increased, tomato seed germination was reduced, the time required for full germination was prolonged, plant growth and productivity were limited, and sometimes it led to plant death. Therefore, this review provides a synthesised understanding of the latest scientific findings about the impact of salinity on tomato fruit morphology (germination and seedling growth), physiological (transpiration), biochemical characteristics, as well as yield and fruit quality indicators. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Salicylic acid is a stress-signal molecule that is involved in the modulation of growth and development of plants. There is evidence that this stress-signal molecule has a positive impact on the antioxidant defence system, but few studies have been done on determining the most effective concentration and its impact on the growth and development of cabbage plants cultivated in vitro. In the present experiment, we assessed the impact of three different concentrations of salicylic acid (1 mM, 0.5 mM and 0.1 mM) on seed germination indexes, shoot initiation and proliferation, root development, as well as physiologic traits (phenolic and chlorophyll content). It has been found that a concentration of 1mM SA inhibited both seed germination and shoot development, which is probably related with suppression of GA-mediated pathway. Instead, the addition of 0.1 mM SA stimulated shoot proliferation rate, shortened the time for shoot initiation and increased shoot and root elongation. Our results provide the foundation for further studies related to the plant's agronomic performances when cultivated in the field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata) is a prevalent vegetable crop cultivated for its nutritious leaves, which have a variety of culinary and medicinal use. As a consequence, vegetables such as cabbage are extremely popular among consumer demands. Constraints in the seed production chain highlight the significance of seed germination and crop's growth at the farm level. The production of high-quality seeds is a crucial step in this crop's cultivation since it impacts the success of germination and plant growth. In this study, we aimed to investigate the influence of plant density and seedling planting dates on cabbage seed process performance. This research is a component of a larger project aimed to devise a comprehensive and new modernized strategy for cabbage seed production. The experiment was carried out on 'Silviana' autumn cabbage variety during two growing seasons, a field trial was undertaken to assess three plant densities (low, medium and high) and three seedling planting dates (early, mid-season and late). Cabbage seeds were also subjected to a range of seed viability and vigour tests. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Our study was accomplished in lab conditions at Vegetables Research and Development Station Bacău, aiming to determine the impact of foliar treatment with salicylic acid (SA) over the ability of plants to overcame the water stress. The pot experiment used a randomized block design with four replications and ten plants per variant. Leaves from well-developed plants (30 days old seedlings) were sprayed with 1 mM SA solution until both sides were completely moistened. After treatment application, water regime followed as one set was used as a well-water treatment (WW) and the other set as a drought stress treatment (DS) where the plants were restricted watering for the next 10 days. Results showed that tomato plants treated with salicylic acid and exposed to water stress become more tolerant to drought stress induced oxidative damage than those not treated, the values were comparable to those recorded in WW plants. The extent of water stress injury was higher at non-treated DS plants. The results obtained showed that foliar application of SA stimulated the adaptation of plants, improving water-plant relation, allowing to alleviate the oxidative damage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bean maize intercropping is an old cultivation scheme practiced at small scale by traditional farmers in Romania. Literature highlights the benefits of intercropping and the constrains related extension of this practice on largest areas. Studies on interspecific interactions have paramount importance in view of development of feasible approaches of environmentally friendly cultivation practices and for genetic improvement specific for performance in intercropping. Five climbing bean varieties were evaluated in sole cropping and in intercropping with one type of sweet maize cultivar. Sowing was successively caried out in an interval of 30 days, bean following maize. The performance of bean genotypes in each cropping system was assessed by phenotyping, of different traits. The results show a significant bean genotype x cropping system interaction for flowering and for seed yield. The most competitive bean varieties were taller, more vigorous, and late to maturity. Diversification of cultural systems by implementing bean maize intercropping seems to be an effective strategy in pest management, and further research will provide a basis for incorporating practical pest control schemes into intercropping systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Greenhouses are now one of the most effective industries in agricultural structure, used to preserve a monitored environment suitable for crop management throughout the year. The demand for tomato products is increasing year after year, providing ample opportunities for the tomato market to grow. The variety of tomato genotypes provides a gene pool for future breeding, because they may contain traits useful for the development of new varieties and hybrids with improved quantitative and qualitative characteristics. The study aimed to evaluate the performance of five indeterminate genotypes of tomato to determine their performance under greenhouse conditions. The research was conducted utilizing biological material from the Vegetable Research and Development Station in Bacau. The data collected were: number of days till appearance of the first flowers, number of days till first fruit development, date of first harvest, as well as the outer color of the immature and ripe fruit. The results of investigations on phenotype characteristics such as fruit weight, height, diameter, dry matter content, TSS, water, minerals, and titratable acidity are discussed in the paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Food legumes are crucial for key agriculture-related challenges, such as agrobiodiversity conservation, sustainable agriculture, food security and human health. Comparing to other grain legumes species, chickpea is considered one of the most nutritious for human consumption, having no antinutritional factors except the raffinose-type oligosaccharides, but proven health benefits. One of the major objectives of breeding programs is development of highyielding, early-maturing cultivars suitable to short cropping season. The current study was developed in frame of national project in ADER program 2019 - 2022 and had as aim the improvement and diversification of chickpea germplasm collection to ensure the optimal use of genetic resources, as a precondition to increase the crop sustainability. The narrow genetic base of cultivated chickpea is one of the major obstacles to sustaining and improving its productivity and renders the crop vulnerable to new biotic and abiotic stresses. In-situ conservation is based on empirical principles and on-farm conservation activities are marginally developed. Seed collections are assembled and are maintained on accession basis, where each accession usually comprises a mixture (population) with an unknown composition of genotypes. This study monitored neutral and functional diversity both at the genetic and phenotypic levels, which means characterizing it, investigating its interactions with the environment in order to define useful functional variation in given environments, establishing a link between variation of phenotypes and ―biomarkers to predict potentiality of accessions for specific breeding goals. Plant genetic resources comprising landraces, obsolete varieties and crop wild relatives were investigated. Performance has been achieved by applying new approaches for germplasm characterization and evaluation like development of core sets, mini-core sets, reference sets and traitspecific subsets, etc. Better utilization and conservation of these accessions raises substantial challenges due to the genetic changes that can be occurring during seed multiplication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One of the main goals of today's agriculture is to produce healthy food and to increase the efficiency of plant production by protecting and conserving the environment. Organic tomatoes (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) represent one of the most valuable crops consumed widely either fresh or processed because for its sensory qualities, nutritional value and for its benefits on human health (reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease and certain types of cancer). Organic fertilizers are originated from plant and animal wastes and contain N, P, K and microelements. They are used to obtain the nutritional demands of plants for their growth and development, as well as improve the physical, biological and chemical properties in the soil. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of organic fertilizers on quality characteristics (soluble solids contents, lycopene and carotenoids, titratable acidity, minerals and vitamins), on the growth and development of organically cultivated tomatoes based on the lasted valuable information. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The new regulation of organic cultivation starting 2022, and The Action plan for organic production in the EU, have as main aim the extinction of organically cultivated surfaces and to ensure trackability of products in a manner that will allow the significant decrease of the negative agricultural impact on environment and in human health. Due to the restrictions on organic foods, not many inputs as fertilizers or growth promoters are available for organic vegetable application. Products of natural origin are used in horticultural crops as a stimulator of the growth and development of plants. The present study was conducted in frame of a project developed in ADER program. In frame of the project research aims to identify, evaluate, tase, develop and validate methods for the analysis of nutrients and contaminants from inputs usable in organic farming. The project strategy includes application of two organic inputs in condition of certified organic field at SCDL Bacau on three important vegetable species: tomatoes, peppers, and cucumbers. The work presents the developed protocols in terms of application to highlight the potential of products to enhance quality and yield parameters, for two of three species, namely solanaceous. Assessment of total dry matter, total soluble solids, carotenes, lycopene, chlorophylls, and xanthophylls content and yield potential were accomplished. Application of these inputs may contribute to enhanced growth, yield, and resistance against specific pathogens, as well as the positive impact of content and activity of certain bioactive compounds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Brassicaceae vegetables have been grown and consumed worldwide since ancient times and they are considered a functional food due to the presence of phytochemicals, mineral and vitamins necessary for human well-being. For this reason, species as cabbage are highly requested by consumers. At farm level, constrains related to seed production process highlight the importance of seed germination and seedling performance. The study is integrated in major research aimed to develop new modern scheme for cabbage seed production. The objective of this work was to assess seedling quality by measuring several morphological, phenological and physiological parameters with influence in performance of cabbage sustainable seedling production. The experiment was assessed on "Silviana" autumn cabbage, created at VRDS Bacau, and was conducted using a randomized complete block design with three replications. The work presents the results of germination, seedling growth dynamic, carotenes, xanthophylls and chlorophylls content as affected by different factors as variety, age and growing climate. This study reveals the importance of using qualitative seedlings during the process of seed production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The current strategies and programs encourage the urgent need to develop and exploit climate-resilient cultivars addressed to organic vegetable production systems and the imperative need to use friendly environmental methods for plant cultivation to decrease the negative impact of agriculture on human health and environment. The research's purpose was to develop a study in organic versus conventional system to detect and select the most productive and qualitative vegetable genotypes, able to perform under application of environmental friendly inputs. The rationale choice of species portfolio was based on our area market request for organic vegetables. The main differences between experimental plots were the cultural practices as soil preparation and its management during vegetation period, the applied products for fertilization, pest and disease control, according to each species characteristics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Solanaceae family comprises species present on all continents except Antarctica. They are species with different biological cycle durations and adapted to a wide range of environments. Vegetables of the Solanaceae family are not only important for human nutrition, some species are grown for ornamental purposes but also pharmaceutical purposes. Pest species cause significant losses, and many are vectors of disease. Today, many scientists focus on developing new tools to control pest populations, with promising results of use in plant protection. Therefore, the quantitative and qualitative increase in the production of vegetables from the Solanaceae family is not only dependent on environmental factors, an important role is also played by pest prevention and control activities. This is why the objective of this paper was to identify, based on the publications available in the scientific databases of the last ten years, pests from solanaceous vegetable crops from Romania and to list the most important and effective methods of biological control that can be used by producers as more sustainable forms of pest management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To achieve high horticultural productivity, it is known that an optimal supply of irrigation water is required. Cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata) has been classified as an intermediate sensitive to water stress. Also, the development of plants under drought stress can have effects on quality and productivity, so it is necessary to use water efficiently when it comes to cabbage crops. Also, many studies show that the early effects of stress against plants can be compensated by an optimal supply of water in the growth stages. This review paper collected the latest information from the literature on cabbage water requirements, listing the most effective irrigation methods that lead to water efficiency in crops and irrigation programming to have the best cabbage production in the field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]