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Objective. To investigate the influence of dehydroxymethylepoxyquinomicin (DHMEQ), an NF-κB inhibitor, on radiosensitivity of thyroid carcinoma (TC) TPC-1 cells. Methods. The isolation of CDl33 positive cells (CD133+ TPC-1) and negative cells (CD133- TPC-1) from TPC-1 cells used immunomagnetic bead sorting. After verification of the toxicity of DHMEQ to cells by MTT and cell cloning assays, the cells were divided into four groups, of which three groups were intervened by DHMEQ, 131I radiation, and DHMEQ +131I radiation, respectively, while the fourth group was used as a control without treatment. Alterations in cell growth, apoptosis, and cell cycle were observed. Results. DHMEQ had certain toxic effects on TPC-1 cells, with an IC50 of 38.57 μg/mL (P < 0.05). DHMEQ inhibited CD133+ and CD133- TPC-1 proliferation and their clonogenesis after irradiation. DHMEQ + radiation contributed to a growth inhibition rate and an apoptosis rate higher than either or them alone (P < 0.05), with a more significant effect on CD133- TPC-1 than CD133+ TPC-1 under the same treatment conditions (P < 0.05). Conclusion. DHEMQ can increase the radiosensitivity of TC cells to 131I, inhibit tumor cell growth, and promote apoptosis. However, its effect is less significant on CD133+ TPC-1 compared with CD133- TPC-1, which may be related to the stem cell-like properties of CD133+ cells. In the future, the application of DHMEQ in TC 131I radiotherapy will effectively improve the clinical effect of patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An analytical model of hydraulic damper was presented in forward flight accounting for pitch/flap/lag kinematic coupling and its nonlinear force-velocity curve. The fourth order Runge-Kutta was applied to calculate the damper axial velocity in time domain. Fourier series based moving block analysis was applied to calculate equivalent linear damping in terms of transient responses of damper axial velocity. Results indicate that equivalent linear damping will be significantly reduced if pitch/flap/lag kinematic coupling introduced for notional model and flight conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and hyperlipidemia (HL) are common metabolic disorders due to overnutrition and obesity. NAFLD is often associated with hyperlipidemia. The aim of this study was to identify and compare the erythrocyte membrane lipids profile in NAFLD patients with or without HL. Methods. A total of 112 subjects (with similar age and body mass index) were divided into four groups: (1) normal controls, (2) NAFLD alone, (3) HL alone, and (4) NAFLD combined with HL (NAFLD + HL). Lipid was extracted from the erythrocyte membrane, and lipid profiles of subjects were analyzed by liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS). Results. Data sets from 103 subjects were adopted for lipidomic analysis. Significant changes of lipid species were observed in patient groups, especially in the HL group and NAFLD + HL group. The HL group showed increased level of most lipid species, and decreased level of most lipid species was observed in the NAFLD + HL group. The weight percent of myristic acid, stearic acid, erucic acid, and docosahexaenoic acid also showed distinct variation between different groups. Conclusions. NAFLD, HL, and NAFLD + HL all had an impact on lipid profiling of the erythrocyte membrane. The influence of NAFLD alone is less important compared with HL. Some lipids should be highlighted because of their specific role in cell function and systemic metabolism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: A complete toxicity profile, toxicity profile, and safety ranking of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) for treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) will be provided in this network meta-analysis. Methods: We searched 14 randomized clinical trials (RCTs) including 9572 NSCLC patients by PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane, and ClinicalTrials.gov. Randomized pairwise and network meta-analyses were used to compare the incidence of severe immune-related adverse events (irAEs) across different ICIs-based treatments using risk ratios (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results: For severe dermatologic irAEs, the corresponding ranking of incidences of the nine groups from high to low was: nivolumab + ipilimumab + platinum (79.1%), pembrolizumab (75.2%), nivolumab + ipilimumab (72.9%), camrelizumab + platinum (64.9%), atezolizumab + platinum (47.4%), nivolumab (44.2%), durvalumab (40.5%), pembrolizumab + platinum (15.5%), platinum-based chemotherapy (10.3%). For severe colitis, the corresponding ranking of incidences of the seven groups from high to low was: nivolumab + ipilimumab + platinum (72.4%), nivolumab (63.1%), atezolizumab + platinum (56.9%), durvalumab (56.6%), pembrolizumab (54.9%), pembrolizumab + platinum (38.6%), platinum-based chemotherapy (7.4%). For severe endocrine irAEs, the corresponding ranking of incidences of the nine groups from high to low was: durvalumab (74.3%), atezolizumab + platinum (54.5%), nivolumab + ipilimumab (54.0%), camrelizumab + platinum (51.7%), nivolumab + ipilimumab + platinum (51.6%), pembrolizumab + platinum (49.8%), pembrolizumab (49.2%), nivolumab (46.3%), platinum-based chemotherapy (18.6%). For severe pneumonitis, the corresponding ranking of incidences of the nine groups from high to low was: nivolumab (84.3%), pembrolizumab (84.1%), durvalumab (66.1%), camrelizumab + platinum (61.4%), atezolizumab + platinum (50%), pembrolizumab + platinum (43.4%), platinum-based chemotherapy (16.2%), atezolizumab (6.2%). For severe hepatitis, the corresponding ranking of incidences of the eight groups from high to low was: pembrolizumab (68.8%), nivolumab + ipilimumab + platinum (65%), pembrolizumab + platinum (64.6%), durvalumab (57.9%), nivolumab (47.1%), atezolizumab + platinum (43.4%), camrelizumab + platinum (42%), platinum-based chemotherapy (11.2%). Conclusions: In addition to platinum-based chemotherapy, pembrolizumab + platinum for severe dermatologic irAEs and colitis, nivolumab for severe endocrine irAEs, atezolizumab for severe pneumonitis, camrelizumab + platinum for severe hepatitis may be associated with lower rates of irAEs than other immune-based regimens. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • TRV-VIGS was successfully used on Juglans sigillata aseptic seedlings. • TRV-VIGS was successfully used on Juglans sigillata fruits. • The functional differences of homologous genes in green husk were evaluated. Juglans sigillata Dode is one of the important tree species in southwest China, and it has significant economic and ecological value. However, there is still a lack of effective methods to identify the functional genes of J. sigillata. By verifying the model plant tobacco, the pTRV2::JsPDS vector was able to cause photobleaching. This study showed that photobleaching occurred 24 and 30 d after the silencing vector was infected with aseptic seedlings and fruits of J. sigillata , respectively. When the OD 600 was 0.6, and the injection dose was 500 μL, the gene silencing efficiency of aseptic seedlings was the highest at 16.7 %, significantly better than other treatments. Moreover, when the OD 600 was 0.8, and the injection dose was 500 μL, the gene silencing efficiency in the walnut fruit was the highest (20 %). In addition, the VIGS system was successfully used to silence JsFLS2 and JsFLS4 genes in J. sigillata. This study also showed that the flavonol content and gene expression in the treatment group were decreased compared to the control group. In addition, the proteins transcribed and translated from the JsFLS4 gene may have higher catalytic activity for dihydroquercetin. The above results indicate that the TRV-mediated VIGS system can be an ideal tool for studying J. sigillata gene function. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Reactions of 3-fluoro-N-methylbenzylamine (FBMA) with PbBr 2 in concentrated HBr aqueous solution afforded a two-dimensional (2D) single layered organic-inorganic hybrid material [(FBMA) 2 PbBr 4 ], which was confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction, infrared (IR) spectroscopy and powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD). The thermodynamic DSC analysis revealed it has a pair of reversible phase transition peaks with large thermal hysteresis exhibiting a first-order type phase transition. The variable-temperature single crystal diffraction proved the phase transition is originated from the order and disorder of organic-inorganic hybrid structures at room and high temperatures. Simultaneously compound [(FBMA) 2 PbBr 4 ] exhibited a strong emission peak at 443 nm when under an excitation wavelength of 380 nm. Graphic abstract A new two-dimensional (2D) single layered organic-inorganic hybrid material (FC 6 H 4 CH 2 NH 2 CH 3) 2 [PbBr 4 ] showed a first-order type phase transition, which was originated from the order-disorder transition of organic-inorganic hybrid structures at room and high temperatures. fx1 Highlights • A new layered organic-inorganic-hybrid perovskite is designed, synthesized, and characterized. • The relationship between phase transitions and structural changes is addressed. • The optical property of (FC 6 H 4 CH 2 NH 2 CH 3) 2 [PbBr 4 ] is studied. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two inorganic–organic hybrid compounds [(C 7 H 18 N 2 ) 6 Pb 7 I 26 ] ( 1 ) and [(C 7 H 18 N 2 )Pb 2 I 6 ] ( 2 ) have been synthesized by reactions of 2-(2-aminoethyl)-1-methylpyrrolidine and lead iodide with 1: 1 and 1: 2 M ratios in concentrated HI aqueous. The single-crystal X-ray diffraction revealed that the inorganic component in compound 1 can be viewed as a wave-like 2D sheet built up from alternatively perovskite and non-perovskite structure types connected with corner-, edge- sharing octahedral [PbI 6 ]; and that in complex 2 is a zigzag chain constructed with edge- sharing octahedral [PbI 6 ]. In addition, both complexes showed fluorescent properties with complex 1 emitted green light at 545 nm and complex 2 emitted blue light at 467 nm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two new phloroglucinols, lysidisides X and Y (1 and 2), and two known compounds, 2-(2-methylbutyryl)phloroglucinol 1-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (3) and (E)-resveratrol 3-(6"-galloyl)-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (4), have been isolated from the roots of Lysidice rhodostegia. The structures of 1 and 2 were elucidated primarily by NMR experiments. Their absolute configurations were deduced via circular dichroism (CD) data and electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculations. Compounds 1 and 2 exhibited significant antioxidative activities with IC50 values of 12.0 and 11.8 μM, respectively [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A series of pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine derivatives related to allopurinol has been synthesized and evaluated for its cytotoxicity against a panel of three cancer cell lines as well as its xanthine oxidase (XOD) inhibitory activities. Among them, compound 4 showed potent cytotoxicity with IC50 values of 25.5 and 35.2 µM against human hepatoma carcinoma cell lines, BEL-7402 and SMMC-7221, respectively. The anticancer activity of 4 was comparable to that of Tanespimycin (17-N-allylamino-17-demethoxy geldanamycin, 17-AAG) that inhibited the growth of BEL-7402 and SMMC-7221 cells at IC50 values of 12.4 and 9.85 µM, respectively. However, unlike allopurinol, which is also a strong inhibitor of XOD, compound 4 is a much weaker XOD inhibitor, suggesting that the anticancer activities of the allopurinol derivatives may not be associated with XOD inhibition. Moreover, the cytotoxicity of 4 toward normal cells is significantly lower than that of 17-AAG, making 4 a promising lead compound for further optimization of structure-activity relationships that may lead to anticancer agents of clinical utility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The efficacy of an inactivated foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) vaccine is mainly dependent on the integrity of the foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) particles. At present, the standard method to quantify the active component, the 146S antigen, of FMD vaccines is sucrose density gradient (SDG) analysis. However, this method is highly operator dependent and difficult to automate. In contrast, the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is a time-saving technique that provides greater simplicity and sensitivity. To establish a valid method to detect and quantify the 146S antigen of a serotype O FMD vaccine, a double-antibody sandwich (DAS) ELISA was compared with an SDG analysis. The DAS ELISA was highly correlated with the SDG method (R2 = 0.9215, P<0.01). In contrast to the SDG method, the DAS ELISA was rapid, robust, repeatable and highly sensitive, with a minimum quantification limit of 0.06 μg/mL. This method can be used to determine the effective antigen yields in inactivated vaccines and thus represents an alternative for assessing the potency of FMD vaccines in vitro. But it still needs to be prospectively validated by analyzing a new vaccine preparation and determining the proper protective dose followed by an in vivo vaccination-challenge study to confirm the ELISA findings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective. To compare and analyze the relevance and applied value of chronic liver disease questionnaire (CLDQ) and Traditional Chinese Medicine liver disease questionnaire (TCMLDQ) in patients with posthepatitic cirrhosis. Methods. The data of 146 patients' scales of CLDQ and TCMLDQ which based on the characteristics of chinese medical symptoms were collected. We made comparative analysis of the relationship between these two scales by the linear regression model and canonical correlation method and evaluated the advantages and disadvantages of two scales about its items setting and dimension definition. Result. There is a negative correlation in total scores between the two scales and the linear regression equation: CLDQ = 239.38 - 1.232TCMLDQ. The further canonical correlation analysis was used to analyze the two extracted canonical correlative variables with significances (P < 0.05), and the results showed that the overall negative correlation between the two scales mainly came from contributions of both the four dimensions of TCMLDQ (CS, GSYX, GYPX, and OS) and the five dimensions of CLDQ (AS, FA, SS, AC, and EF). Conclusion. These two scales have good consistency in the evaluation of severity and life quality of liver cirrhosis patients, so we suggested that TCMLDQ can be used to evaluate the severity and life quality of patients with posthepatitic cirrhosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two-dimensional (2D) organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite (OIHP) has the advantages of excellent material stability, structural diversity and ease of manufacturability. It is worth noting that the fluorination strategy has been recognized as a convenient molecular design method that can effectively customize and optimize physical and chemical properties in 2D OIHP materials. However, selection the fluorine-chlorine double substituted organic amine to construct lead halide OIHP molecules was not reported. Here, for the first time, we successfully obtained a 2D metal halide perovskite compound [4-Cl-2-FBA] 2 PbBr 4 (1) by reactions of lead bromide with two equivalents of 4-chloro-2-fluorobenzylamine [4-Cl-2-FBA] in concentrated HBr aqueous solution. Its crystal structure and purity were confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD). Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and dielectric measurement analyses showed the phase transition (PT) temperature of 1 is 380.1 ​K which is higher than that of [2-FBA] 2 PbBr 4 , (2-FBA ​= ​2-fluorobenzylammonium, 364 ​K), but lower than those of (benzylammonium) 2 PbBr 4 (405 ​K) and [PFBA] 2 PbBr 4 (PFBA ​= ​perfluorobenzylammonium, 440 ​K). A two-dimensional (2D) organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite material [4-Cl-2-FBA] 2 PbBr 4 (1) with high phase transition temperature and semiconductive property was isolated by reactions of lead bromide with two equivalents of 4-chloro-2-fluorobenzylamine [4-Cl-2-FBA] in concentrated HBr aqueous solution. [Display omitted] • A fluorine and chlorine substituted 2D metal halide perovskite was firstly prepared by reactions of PbBr 2 ​with 4-chloro-2-fluorobenzylamine. • DSC analysis showed the phase transition temperature of ​ 1 ​is 380.1 K which is higher than that of [2-FBA] 2 PbBr 4 ​at 364 K. • The 2D metal halide perovskite was characterized by the variable temperature X-ray single crystal diffraction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]