25 results on '"Calcaterra, Domenico"'
Search Results
2. Triggering conditions and propagation of the December 2019 Palma Campania landslide: Implications for residual hazard estimation at recurrent landslide sites.
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Sepe, Ciro, Calcaterra, Domenico, Di Martire, Diego, Fusco, Francesco, Tufano, Rita, Vitale, Enza, and Guerriero, Luigi
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LANDSLIDES , *SLOPE stability , *NATURAL disaster warning systems , *DRONE aircraft , *RAINFALL , *TRAIL running , *FIELD research , *DEBRIS avalanches - Abstract
Flow-like landslides triggered by rainfall are a major concern in the peri-Vesuvian region of southern Italy. On December 19th, 2019, a landslide occurred along the Crocelle slope (Sarno Mountains), which had previously experienced a similar event in February 1986. This study was conducted to assess the characteristics of this event in terms of triggering and propagation conditions and, with reference to the 1986 landslide, to evaluate the evolution of residual landslide hazards at recurring landslide sites. Data collection included field surveys, visual analysis of a Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV)-based photogrammetric model, geotechnical laboratory testing, rainfall and slope stability analysis, and propagation modeling. Results suggest that the landslide i) originated below a trail, ii) involved an initial volume of 450 m3, which did not significantly grow due to the limited entrainment of slope sediments, iii) was initiated after 13 h of rainfall (return period ∼4 years), and iv) propagated along a channel with an estimated velocity of up to 10 m/s. Comparison of the 2019 event with the 1986 event revealed a significant difference in terms of landslide magnitude (i.e., volume), potentially due to the occurrence of multiple events, which may have led to the temporal depletion of available materials along a slope repeatedly affected by landslides, and possibly to the different behavior of primary layered deposits (involved in the 1986 event) compared to reworked deposits (involved in the 2019 event). This suggests a reduction in the residual landslide hazard associated with a decrease in the expected magnitude and frequency of prospective events. • The 2019 Palma Campania landslide was initiated following 13 h of precipitation; • The landslide encompassed reworked pyroclastic deposits underneath a trail; • The landslide propagated within a channel with a velocity of up to 10 m/s; • Slope failure is facilitated by prior hydrological conditions; • Slope-scale landslide hazard potentially decreases due to multiple landslides. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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3. The January 10, 1997 Pozzano landslide, Sorrento Peninsula, Italy
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Calcaterra, Domenico and Santo, Antonio
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LANDSLIDES , *MASS-wasting (Geology) , *EARTHFLOWS , *GEOMORPHOLOGY - Abstract
From 1997 to 1999, a huge number of slides, often turning into extremely rapid debris-earth flows, repeatedly affected the late Quaternary volcaniclastic deposits mantling the carbonate slopes of Campania region, Italy. The Sorrento Peninsula was the epicentral district of the 1997 regional slope-instability crisis. Some hundred shallow mass movements took place during January 1997 in this area. These were the last episode of a long series of slope failure events dating back to mid-18th century. Results from geological and geomorphologic surveys are presented. Landslide mechanism and triggering factors are analysed for the most important mass movement, which occurred during the January 9–11, 1997, regional event. On January 10, 1997, at about 8:15 PM, a rainfall-induced debris slide-debris flow occurred at Pozzano (province of Naples), mainly affecting the 79 AD pyroclastic products. Following a J-path, the landslide destroyed a private house and invaded the State Road no. 145. This event resulted in four deaths, 22 persons injured and road closure for about 2 months. There was less than 200 mm of rainfall in the 72-h period prior to the landslide, although intense precipitation had occurred during a preceding 4-month period. However, the slope failure event was not preceded by an extreme short-term antecedent rainfall, as already noticed in previous landslides of this type in Campania. Finally, following a preliminary geotechnical characterization of volcaniclastic soils, a slope-stability back analysis was carried out, which adopted the classical infinite slope scheme. This analysis gave further evidence of the role played by pore pressure in reducing the overall shear strength of pyroclastic soils. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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- 2004
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4. Capillary Barriers during Rainfall Events in Pyroclastic Deposits of the Vesuvian Area.
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Sepe, Ciro, Calcaterra, Domenico, Cecconi, Manuela, Di Martire, Diego, Pappalardo, Lucia, Scarfone, Riccardo, Vitale, Enza, and Russo, Giacomo
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PARTICLE size distribution , *CAPILLARIES , *SOIL infiltration - Abstract
In the present paper, the capillary barrier formation at the interface between soil layers, which is characterized by textural discontinuities, has been analyzed. This mechanism has been investigated by means of a finite element model of a two-layer soil stratification. The two considered formations, belonging to the pyroclastic succession of the "Pomici di Base" Plinian eruption (22 ka, Santacroce et al., 2008) of the Somma–Vesuvius volcano, are affected by shallow instability phenomena likely caused by progressive saturation during the rainfall events. This mechanism could be compatible with the formation of capillary barriers at the interface between layers of different grain size distributions during infiltration. One-dimensional infiltration into the stratified soil was parametrically simulated considering rainfall events of increasing intensity and duration. The variations in the suction and degree of saturation over time allowed for the evaluation of stability variations in the layers, which were assumed as part of stratified unsaturated infinite slopes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2021
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5. Rockfall susceptibility analysis of the “San Michele Arcangelo” historic trail (Central Italy) based on virtual outcrops and multiple propagation models.
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Guerriero, Luigi, Annibali Corona, Mariagiulia, Di Martire, Diego, Francioni, Mirko, Limongiello, Miriam, Tufano, Rita, and Calcaterra, Domenico
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The “San Michele Arcangelo” historic trail (Aurunci Regional Park, central Italy), located along the southern slope of Mt. Altino, which is highly prone to rockfalls, is hiked every year by thousands of faithful on pilgrimage who are exposed to such kinds of instabilities. To contribute to a better understanding of the condition and evolution of such phenomena, providing a susceptibility scenario able to support the adoption of mitigation measures, a specific analysis was completed based on field and literature data. Three-dimensional virtual outcrop models were obtained through both photogrammetric and iPad Pro LiDAR surveys to derive geomechanical features of outcropping rocks and estimate potential detaching block volume. Possible mechanisms of detachment were then analyzed using the Markland test method. Susceptibility to rockfall propagation and block deposition was analyzed using GIS processing and rockfall propagation simulations based on deterministic/stochastic models. Such models consist of a combination of a deterministic algorithm able to simulate the physics of rockfall movement during propagation and a stochastic treatment of input parameters based on random sampling within defined interval. Two different rockfall simulations were compared in this study using the Rockyfor3D™ (ecorisQ Association) software and the newly developed RocFall3© (RocScience) code. The use of iPad Pro LiDAR survey provides accurate and high-resolution point clouds, with high speed of acquisition and real-time processing of data. Discontinuity sets identified from 3D models have represented the input for kinematic analyses of slopes, allowing to identify potential failure mechanisms among wedge and planar sliding or toppling. Rockfall simulations indicate the potential for rock blocks propagation and deposition over the whole study area. Comparing the results of rockfall simulations with the geomorphological map of the area it is evident the control exerted by the hydrographic network on rockfall propagation as demonstrated by the presence of screes and slope deposits along the main channels. Understanding the potential susceptibility to both propagation and deposition of rock blocks along the trail provides useful indication for the assessment of appropriate mitigation measures to realize for the safer touristic fruition of the site. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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6. Studies in weathering and slope movements—an introduction
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Ollier, Cliff, Calcaterra, Domenico, and Parise, Mario
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- 2007
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7. GROWTH AND RE-INTERVENTION OF RESIDUAL AORTIC ARCH AND DESCENDING AORTA AFTER TYPE A DISSECTION REPAIR.
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Calcaterra, Domenico, Myrmel, Truls, Braverman, Alan, Ota, Takeyoshi, Pyeritz, Reed, Ouzounian, Maral, Kaiser, Clayton Allen, Schermerhorn, Marc, Brinster, Derek, Bhan, Anil, Montgomery, Daniel, Estrera, Anthony, Bismuth, Jean, Eagle, Kim, Isselbacher, Eric, Nienaber, Christoph, and Harris, Kevin
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AORTIC dissection , *THORACIC aorta - Published
- 2019
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8. FLIP IT & REVERSE IT: A UNIQUE APPROACH TO SALVAGE THERAPY FOR SEVERE MITRAL REGURGITATION IN SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS.
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Jazayeri, Mohammad-Ali and Calcaterra, Domenico
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- 2018
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9. PS-driven inventory of town-damaging landslides in the Benevento, Avellino and Salerno Provinces, southern Italy.
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Guerriero, Luigi, Confuorto, Pierluigi, Calcaterra, Domenico, Guadagno, Francesco M., Revellino, Paola, and Di Martire, Diego
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The Apennine provinces of Campania Region (southern Italy), Benevento, Avellino and Salerno, are known for their ‘unstable towns’ suffering periodic damage from landslides. Their identification and mapping are very challenging tasks, since boundary mapping under urban settlements is not always possible without time-consuming field analysis of building damage and/or expensive mid-term diffuse ground-surface deformation monitoring. To overcome this problem, an inventory of town-damaging landslides, guided by available Permanent Scatterers (PS) ground-deformation data, was prepared. It provides an updated tool suitable to guide future land planning and historical site restoration in the Apennine provinces of Campania Region. Our fourteen Map Sheets show active and local reactivation of suspended/dormant landslides. Overall, 356 landslides were identified, amongst which 162 were identified as flows, 101 as slides, 1 as a spreads and 92 as complex landslides. To supplement our maps, a simplified distribution analysis based on major landslide morphometric characteristics was completed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2019
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10. A new approach for landslide-induced damage assessment.
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Del Soldato, Matteo, Bianchini, Silvia, Calcaterra, Domenico, De Vita, Pantaleone, Martire, Diego Di, Tomás, Roberto, and Casagli, Nicola
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LANDSLIDE hazard analysis , *BUILDINGS , *PUBLIC health , *ENGINEERING design , *SURVEYS - Abstract
The accurate evaluation of landslide-induced damage is a necessity for planning of proper and effective mitigation measures. It requires the implementation of field investigations to identify structural failures to more effectively trace landslide boundaries. Many methods have been proposed to classify landslide-induced damage of buildings. The existing methods demonstrate several advantages and drawbacks depending on the parameters considered, as lack of some important features and difficulties in applicability. A new classification approach of landslide-induced damage of facilities is proposed, which specifically focuses on assessing of damage degree and its relationship to the ground motion intensity and impact severity. The new approach is designed in two steps: a chart utilized during surveys to quantify cracks on structures and ground surface; ana posterioriranking of structures performed using a cell-grid matrix. Furthermore, a damage recording scheme useful for field surveying is proposed. This approach considers several parameters derived from different existing methodologies by smoothing out drawbacks and homogenizing the considered features. The resulting approach provides a new procedure of landslide-induced damage assessment adoptable in case of private dwellings, as it does not require internal accessibility, and it is exploitable for different landslide events and for different kinds of structures and facilities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2017
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11. Mapping of Mean Deformation Rates Based on APS-Corrected InSAR Data Using Unsupervised Clustering Algorithms.
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Khalili, Mohammad Amin, Voosoghi, Behzad, Guerriero, Luigi, Haji-Aghajany, Saeid, Calcaterra, Domenico, and Di Martire, Diego
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DEFORMATION of surfaces , *GLOBAL Positioning System , *ALGORITHMS , *CONCEPT mapping , *TEXTURE mapping , *INTERFEROMETRY , *FUZZY clustering technique - Abstract
Different interferometric approaches have been developed over the past few decades to process SAR data and recover surface deformation, and each approach has advantages and limitations. Finding an accurate and reliable interval for preparing mean deformation rate maps (MDRMs) remains challenging. The primary purpose of this paper is to implement an application consisting of three unsupervised clustering algorithms (UCAs) for determining the best interval from SAR-derived deformation data, which can be used to interpret long-term deformation processes, such as subsidence, and identify displacement patterns. Considering Port Harcourt (in the Niger Delta) as the study area, it was essential to remove the sources of error in extracting deformation signals from SAR data, spatially ionospheric and tropospheric delays, before using UCAs to obtain its characteristics and real deformation data. Moreover, another purpose of this paper is to implement the advanced integration method (AIM) for atmospheric phase screen (APS) correction to enhance deformation signals obtained through different SAR processing approaches, including interferometric SARs (two-pass interferometry, InSAR) and multitemporal interferometry SARs (n-pass interferometry, DInSAR; permanent scatterer interferometry (PSI); and small baseline subset (SBAS)). Two methods were chosen to evaluate and find the best technique with which to create an MDRM: The first one was to compare the signals corrected by the AIM and the vertical component of the GPS station, which showed the AIM providing 58%, 42%, and 28% of the matching with GNSS station outputs for InSAR, PSI, and SBAS, respectively. Secondly, similarity measures and Davies–Bouldin index scores were implemented to find an accurate and reliable interval in which the SBAS technique with the unsupervised K-medians method has been chosen. Based on GNSS vertical deformation in a 500 m radius around the station, the SBAS K-medians technique expressed up to 5.5% better deformation patterns than the map of SAR processing techniques. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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12. Deep-Seated Gravitational Slope Deformations in Molise region (Italy): novel inventory and main geomorphological features.
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Discenza, Marco Emanuele, Esposito, Carlo, Di Luzio, Emiliano, Delchiaro, Michele, Di Martire, Diego, Minnillo, Mariacarmela, Rouhi, Javad, Martino, Salvatore, Seta, Marta Della, Troiani, Francesco, Calcaterra, Domenico, and Mugnozza, Gabriele Scarascia
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LANDSLIDES , *INVENTORIES , *GEODYNAMICS , *FIELD research , *SEISMOTECTONICS , *INTERFEROMETRY - Abstract
This paper focuses on Deep-Seated Gravitational Slope Deformations (DSGSDs) identified in the Molise region (Italy), along the central-southern sector of the Apennines chain. These phenomena were detected and mapped through a combination of aerial-photo interpretation, morphological analyses, and field surveys, integrated through satellite SAR interferometry (InSAR). The obtained general map is organized in different sections: inventory map with identification of DSGSDs and main geological and orographic features, geostructural scheme, representative cross sections, list and characteristics of DSGSDs, geomorphometric maps, landslides map, and seismotectonic setting. This study allowed us to realize a complete inventory of DSGSDs in the Molise region and define the main characteristics of each phenomenon. Through this research, it was possible to establish a general correlation between the analyzed deformations and the geological and geomorphological setting of the region as well as with its geodynamic context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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13. Kinematics and geologic control of the deep-seated landslide affecting the historic center of Buonalbergo, southern Italy.
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Guerriero, Luigi, Prinzi, Ernesto P., Calcaterra, Domenico, Ciarcia, Sabatino, Di Martire, Diego, Guadagno, Francesco M., Ruzza, Giuseppe, and Revellino, Paola
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LANDSLIDES , *KINEMATICS , *LONG-Term Evolution (Telecommunications) , *FINITE element method , *HUMAN settlements , *TRAFFIC safety - Abstract
Deep-seated landslides are important agents of relief shaping and can have substantial impact on human settlements. Many examples are present in the Campania region of southern Italy, where the association of complex lithostratigraphic and structural geologic conditions might have effect on landslide initiation and evolution. On this basis and considering the effect that the deep-seated landslide have had in the last years on the urban settlement, the Buonalbergo landslide was analyzed in terms of decadal kinematics and geological control and insights in prospective evolution were provided. The analysis of data derived by geological and landslide field mapping, settlement damage analysis, Persistent Differential Interferometry SAR data analysis, and Finite Elements stability analysis revealed i) the approximately constant rate movement of the landslide in the last three decades with a consistent enlargement of its area, ii) the presence of a large overturned anticline, characterized by a complex lithostratigraphic arrangement and multiple discontinuity sets, iii) the presence of faults responsible for morphological depression development, iv) a rotational mechanism characterizing the upper sector of the landslide and the ongoing translational sliding of blocks located at its toe and v) the effect of potential pore pressure scenarios on prospective kinematics (i.e. single to multiple stages creep) with the observed constant rate movement potentially related to a pore pressure at the landslide base ranging between 300 and 400 kPa. Result interpretation suggests i) the role of the structural and lithostratigraphic setting of the slope as predisposing factor for landslide development, ii) the potential of fold-related fabric in controlling landslide geometry and fragmentation, iii) the possible occurrence of multiple landslide events affecting the slope affected by the deep-seated landslide and iv) the potential of hydrologic conditions in modulating landslide velocity and evolution toward slope failure. The relevance of results is related to the representativeness of the Buonalbergo landslide as common process in the Apennine context in terms of potential long-term morphologic evolution of the slope and the existence of many landslides that develop in similar geological conditions driving sediment production and inducing persistent topographic changes in mountainsides. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2021
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14. Digital Image Correlation of Google Earth Images for Earth's Surface Displacement Estimation.
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Guerriero, Luigi, Di Martire, Diego, Calcaterra, Domenico, and Francioni, Mirko
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SURFACE of the earth , *DIGITAL image correlation , *DIGITAL maps , *DIGITAL images - Abstract
An increasing number of satellite platforms provide daily images of the Earth's surface that can be used in quantitative monitoring applications. However, their cost and the need for specific processing software make such products not often suitable for rapid mapping and deformation tracking. Google Earth images have been used in a number of mapping applications and, due to their free and rapid accessibility, they have contributed to partially overcome this issue. However, their potential in Earth's surface displacement tracking has not yet been explored. In this paper, that aspect is analyzed providing a specific procedure and related MATLAB™ code to derive displacement field maps using digital image correlation of successive Google Earth images. The suitability of the procedure and the potential of such images are demonstrated here through their application to two relevant case histories, namely the Slumgullion landslide in Colorado and the Miage debris-covered glacier in Italy. Result validation suggests the effectiveness of the proposed procedure in deriving Earth's surface displacement data from Google Earth images. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2020
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15. Landslide-inventory of the Cinque Terre National Park (Italy) and quantitative interaction with the trail network.
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Raso, Emanuele, Cevasco, Andrea, Di Martire, Diego, Pepe, Giacomo, Scarpellini, Patrizio, Calcaterra, Domenico, and Firpo, Marco
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The Cinque Terre National Park (38 km2) has recently recorded a remarkable increase in tourists involved in outdoor activities such as hiking. However, due to the actual slope degradation issues that affect this outstanding terraced landscape, hiking trails are increasingly threatened by the impact of landslides. This produces severe landslide-related risk scenarios for hikers. In this study, a landslide inventory map (at 1:45000 scale) has been prepared through the revision/update of previous database and the analysis of air-photos and satellite images coupled with field surveys. Furthermore, a quantitative evaluation of the interaction between landslides and hiking trails has been performed by the definition of a Footpath Landslide Index. More than 400 landslides were identified highlighting that these phenomena represent the main source of hazard. The findings of this study reveal that side-hill trails are the most hazardous since hikers can be potentially affected by flow-like or fast-moving landslides. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2019
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16. Assessment of landslide-induced damage to structures: the Agnone landslide case study (southern Italy).
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Del Soldato, Matteo, Di Martire, Diego, Bianchini, Silvia, Tomás, Roberto, De Vita, Pantaleone, Ramondini, Massimo, Casagli, Nicola, and Calcaterra, Domenico
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LANDSLIDES , *NATURAL disasters , *EARTHQUAKES - Abstract
Landslides are among the most important and frequent natural calamities that cause severe socio-economic and human losses. After earthquakes, landslides are responsible for the greatest number of casualties and the largest amount of damage to man-made structures. On average, southern Italy is affected by a high spatial density of landslides due to its complex geological setting, which often predisposes it to slope instability phenomena under both natural and anthropogenic influences. Structurally complex formations are widespread in the southern Apennines and are characterized by high heterogeneity and very poor mechanical properties. Thus, these formations represent one of the main factors contributing to the predisposition of slopes to landsliding. In this paper, landslide-induced damage was investigated and analyzed in an area within the municipality of Agnone (Molise region), which is affected by a complex landslide that involves a structurally complex formation. The approaches used were based on six different methods that have previously been described in the literature, and a comparison of the results was made. Data regarding the damage, which consists largely of cracks observed in buildings and at the ground, were compiled through field surveys. The results were critically analyzed to note the advantages and constraints of each classification scheme. The aim of the work was to apply and compare different approaches in order to test the best and most accurate procedures for assessing damage due to landslides at the scale of individual buildings as well as to provide an objective assessment of the degree of landslide damage to structures and facilities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2019
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17. An open-source and QGIS-integrated physically based model for Spatial Prediction of Rainfall-Induced Shallow Landslides (SPRIn-SL).
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Raimondi, Luca, Pepe, Giacomo, Firpo, Marco, Calcaterra, Domenico, and Cevasco, Andrea
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LANDSLIDES , *SOIL depth , *GROUNDWATER flow , *PREDICTION models , *LANDSLIDE hazard analysis , *RAINFALL , *GEOGRAPHIC information systems - Abstract
This paper presents a new open-source and physically based model for Spatial Prediction of Rainfall-Induced Shallow Landslides (SPRIn-SL) through the Quantum GIS (QGIS) software. SPRIn-SL consists of a set of shell scripts developed using the Python language that can be directly run from the QGIS processing toolbox through a user-friendly graphical interface. The tool implements the infinite slope method by incorporating the TOPOG and the Green-Ampt models to consider groundwater flow and transient rainfall infiltration, respectively. Furthermore, DEM pre-processing procedures to extract reliable terrain morphometric features, a new statistical method for modelling soil depth and a procedure for predictive accuracy evaluation, were implemented. By using a 1-m resolution DEM, the developed model was tested in a small coastal catchment of Cinque Terre (Liguria, Italy), providing accurate outcomes, and proving to be an easy-to-use tool for landslide susceptibility zoning which can have useful implications on the risk reduction. • QGIS module written in Python for spatially predicting shallow landslides. • DEM pre-processing procedures to extract reliable morphometric predisposing factors. • A new statistical method for modelling soil depth is implemented. • High accuracy in simulating rainfall-induced shallow landslides in a test basin. • Easy-to-use physically based tool for landslide susceptibility zoning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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18. Analysis of the Periodic Component of Vertical Land Motion in the Po Delta (Northern Italy) by GNSS and Hydrological Data.
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Vitagliano, Eleonora, Vitale, Enza, Russo, Giacomo, Piccinini, Leonardo, Fabris, Massimo, Calcaterra, Domenico, and Di Maio, Rosa
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VERTICAL motion , *LAND subsidence , *GEODETIC observations , *WATER masses , *NONLINEAR equations - Abstract
Nowadays, several methodologies, implemented for satellite or terrestrial surveys, reveal that daily and weekly site-positioning time series can exhibit linear trends plus seasonal oscillations. Such periodic components affect the evaluation of subsidence rates and, thus, they must be recognized and properly modelled. In this work, the periodic component of vertical land motion in Po Delta (Northern Italy) is estimated by a multi-component and multi-source procedure recently proposed by some of the authors for studying land subsidence in delta areas. First, land vertical motion data, acquired in the central part of the Po Delta over a six-year time interval, were compared with hydro-meteorological and climate datasets collected from nineteen stations distributed over the entire Delta. Then, four physically based models of the test site were implemented to verify the water pressure- and water mass-dependent processes inferred from the analytical phase. Modelling results show that the annual ground oscillation is better explained by soil moisture change, although river water mass variation gives a relevant contribution to land deformation, especially in the wet periods. Finally, to account for intra-annual processes, the joint contributions of all the inferred sources were treated as a nonlinear problem and solved applying the generalized reduced gradient method. The obtained combination is well supported by statistical parameters and provides the best agreement with the geodetic observations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
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19. Temporal efficiencies of soil bioengineering techniques to mitigate geo-hydrological risks.
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Miele, Pietro, Di Martire, Diego, Di Napoli, Mariano, Guerriero, Luigi, and Calcaterra, Domenico
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BIOENGINEERING , *SOIL erosion , *NATURAL resources , *SOILS , *RURAL geography - Abstract
Natural hazards such as landslides, soil erosion and floods are increasingly affecting many regions of the world in relation to ongoing climate change and the abandonment of rural areas. In the last decades, the need to mitigate such phenomena and preserve natural resources, including landscapes, has motivated a number of local and national authorities to promote the use of soil bioengineering techniques. Consequently, these techniques have been increasingly used with variable success rates. This study analysed the efficiencies of different bioengineering structures to mitigate geo-hydrological risks by examining the interventions installed between 2007 and 2013 in the Avellino Province southern Italy. To this end, a specific project consistency analysis and functionality classification were carried out and the causes of inefficiencies were identified. The analysis showed that after a few years, only a small number of the installed bioengineering structures were fully functional and efficient. Overall, the installed structures were generally affected by maintenance issues and in many cases they suffered from design and execution issues, inducing a generally lower degree of efficiency, with most of them classified as 'not very efficient'. The conclusions of this work are that i) the long-term efficiency of a bioengineering structure is related to its correct design, installation, and maintenance; ii) the design of a bioengineering structure should account for the geological, geotechnical and hydrological characteristics of the area of interest, and iii) maintenance must not affect the short-term efficiency of a structure, but may affect the long-term efficiency. • The efficiency of bioengineering structure was analysed. • Bioengineering structure functionality was estimated three years after the installation. • A matrix-based approach accounting for causes of inefficiency was used. • Only 7% of the interventions were fully working and integrated with the landscape. • Most of the bioengineering structures were affected by design and installation issues. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
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20. Innovative Solutions to Use Ground-Coupled Heat Pumps in Historical Buildings: A Test Case in the City of Napoli, Southern Italy.
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Massarotti, Nicola, Mauro, Alessandro, Normino, Gennaro, Vanoli, Laura, Verde, Clara, Allocca, Vincenzo, Calcaterra, Domenico, Coda, Silvio, De Vita, Pantaleone, Forzano, Cesare, Palombo, Adolfo, and Cosenza, Paolo
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GROUND source heat pump systems , *FOSSIL fuel power plants , *HISTORIC buildings , *HEAT pumps , *CARBON dioxide mitigation , *RETROFITTING of buildings , *FOSSIL fuels - Abstract
The new standards on energy saving for new and existing buildings have animated both researchers and technicians in recent years, aiming at reducing the dependence on fossil fuels, improving indoor comfort, and systems efficiency. In this scenario, special attention must be paid to historical buildings that need to preserve their key testimonial heritage within the society. This paper describes the design and realization stages of a pilot system based on a ground-coupled heat pump, operating both in heating and cooling modes, installed in the monumental site of Saints Marcellino and Festo (SM&F), in Naples, Southern Italy. This study aims to demonstrate that low-enthalpy geothermal systems can be employed as energy retrofit applications in buildings of historical, artistic, and cultural interest and, at the same time, to prove that the use of this technology allows achieving the objectives, set at global level by the current regulations, and requiring a reduction of carbon dioxide emissions (tCO2) of 53% compared to technology using fossil fuels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
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21. Landslide Susceptibility Assessment of Wildfire Burnt Areas through Earth-Observation Techniques and a Machine Learning-Based Approach.
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Di Napoli, Mariano, Marsiglia, Palmira, Di Martire, Diego, Ramondini, Massimo, Ullo, Silvia Liberata, and Calcaterra, Domenico
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LANDSLIDES , *WILDFIRES , *LANDSLIDE hazard analysis , *FOREST fires , *WEATHER , *THEMATIC maps , *URBAN planning , *FIRE - Abstract
Climate change has increased the likelihood of the occurrence of disasters like wildfires, floods, storms, and landslides worldwide in the last years. Weather conditions change continuously and rapidly, and wildfires are occurring repeatedly and diffusing with higher intensity. The burnt catchments are known, in many parts of the world, as one of the main sensitive areas to debris flows characterized by different trigger mechanisms (runoff-initiated and debris slide-initiated debris flow). The large number of studies produced in recent decades has shown how the response of a watershed to precipitation can be extremely variable, depending on several on-site conditions, as well as the characteristics of precipitation duration and intensity. Moreover, the availability of satellite data has significantly improved the ability to identify the areas affected by wildfires, and, even more importantly, to carry out post-fire assessment of burnt areas. Many difficulties have to be faced in attempting to assess landslide risk in burnt areas, which present a higher likelihood of occurrence; in densely populated neighbourhoods, human activities can be the cause of the origin of the fires. The latter is, in fact, one of the main operations used by man to remove vegetation along slopes in an attempt to claim new land for pastures or construction purposes. Regarding the study area, the Camaldoli and Agnano hill (Naples, Italy) fires seem to act as a predisposing factor, while the triggering factor is usually represented by precipitation. Eleven predisposing factors were chosen and estimated according to previous knowledge of the territory and a database consisting of 400 landslides was adopted. The present work aimed to expand the knowledge of the relationship existing between the triggering of landslides and burnt areas through the following phases: (1) Processing of the thematic maps of the burnt areas through band compositions of satellite images; and (2) landslide susceptibility assessment through the application of a new statistical approach (machine learning techniques). The analysis has the scope to support decision makers and local agencies in urban planning and safety monitoring of the environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
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22. Assessment of building behavior in slow-moving landslide-affected areas through DInSAR data and structural analysis.
- Author
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Infante, Donato, Di Martire, Diego, Confuorto, Pierluigi, Tessitore, Serena, Tòmas, Roberto, Calcaterra, Domenico, and Ramondini, Massimo
- Subjects
- *
LANDSLIDES , *BEHAVIORAL assessment , *SYNTHETIC aperture radar , *DISPLACEMENT (Mechanics) , *DATA analysis , *NUMERICAL analysis - Abstract
• A tool to detect spatio-temporal landslide-induced effects on buildings is presented. • Building performace is investigated by DInSAR and structural analyses. • Pre- and post-repair intervention is analyzed by DInSAR time-series. Slow-moving landslides are a natural hazard which affects wide areas in the world and often are cause of significant damage to structures and infrastructures. Analysis of landslide evolution and of their interaction with existing man-made structures plays a key role in risk prevention and mitigation activities. To this purpose, a considerable interest towards innovative approaches has grown among the scientific community and land management institutions. In this work, Synthetic Aperture Radar data acquired by C-band and X-band sensors, combined with numerical analyses, have been successfully applied as a tool to detect spatial and temporal landslide-induced effects, in terms of deformations and structural behavior of a building affected by ground instability. Such approach has been applied to Moio della Civitella urban settlement (Salerno province, Italy), whose whole territory is interested by several slow-moving landslides. In detail, performance of a masonry building aggregate and the efficacy of restoration works have been investigated through an integrated assessment of displacement time-series pre- and post-repair intervention, and structural analysis performed with numerical code. Historical DInSAR data have permitted firstly the interpretation of building displacement time-series corresponding to pre- and post-works configurations; subsequently, the analysis of interpolated interferometric products has allowed to define gradient maps of vertical and horizontal displacements and to identify part of aggregate which can suffer a greater susceptibility to damage as a consequence of deformation gradients. Finally, the comparison of satellite and numerical data showed a substantial agreement with local failures and damage surveyed, thus confirming the capability of DInSAR technique to investigate building performance where no in situ displacement measurements were available. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
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23. ADVERSE OUTCOMES AFTER ACUTE AORTIC DISSECTION ARE PRECEDED BY CHANGES IN NOVEL AORTIC GROWTH RATIO ON SERIAL IMAGING.
- Author
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Sharma, Amit, Curry, Jasmine, Stanberry, Larissa, Garberich, Ross, Pavlovec, Matthew, Lesser, John, Manunga, Jesse, Calcaterra, Domenico, Titus, Jessica, Mudy, Karol, and Harris, Kevin
- Subjects
- *
AORTIC dissection , *FINANCIAL ratios - Published
- 2019
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24. Combination of multiple remote sensing data for the study of the complex landslide of Agnone (southern Italy).
- Author
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Bianchini, Silvia, Del Soldato, Matteo, Riquelme, Adrián, Tomás, Roberto, Martire, Diego Di, De Vita, Pantaleone, Moretti, Sandro, and Calcaterra, Domenico
- Subjects
- *
LANDSLIDES , *SCIENTIFIC literature , *REMOTE sensing , *REMOTE sensing by radar , *OPTICAL remote sensing , *REMOTE-sensing images - Abstract
The complex landslide of Agnone, located in Molise Region (southern Italy), is a large deep-seated roto-translational slide, involving terrigenous flysch sequences and evolving in the lower portion, in an earth flow. First evidences of landslide activities date back to early 1900s and keep on moving in several time spans up to nowadays. This work illustrates the contribution of multiple optical and radar remote sensing data to landslide investigation approximately across a century as well as to mapping and monitoring ground displacements at the catchment scale.In particular, we firstly revised information from scientific literature and technical reports, compiling monitoring data acquired through inclinometers and geo-morphological surveys in preceding studies to characterize the geological setting of the area. Additionally, we used GPS data acquired from 2010 to 2015 to monitor ground surface motions on some benchmarks of the area. Then, we exploited remotely-sensed data in order to in-depth investigate the spatial and temporal evolution of the landslide-affected catchment.The use of historical air-photos enabled the generation of 3D models by means of the Structure for Motion (SfM) technique to detect, map and monitor unique geomorphological landscapes across several decades. Historical and recent sets of optical photographs from 1945 to 2003 were used in the study area to perform 3D reconstructions and analyze the geomorphological enlargement of the Agnone landslide over 60 years. Radar satellite images acquired by ERS1/2 and ENVISAT constellations at medium spatial resolution, in the spanning time 1992-2010, and by COSMO-SkyMed at high resolution, covering the period 2012-2015, were processed through Persistent Scatterer Interferometry (PSI) techniques. The derived PSI data provided yearly velocities and time series of ground deformation with millimetric accuracy and were exploited for back-monitoring slow surface displacements and for better tracing the boundaries of the mass movement. All data were discussed and used to increase the knowledge about the ground motions affecting the whole Agnone landslide and the surrounding territory. Remotely-sensed data were also compared through in situ field checks to evaluate landslide-induced damage on structures and infrastructures within and close to the landslide body. Outcomes of these analyses demonstrated the operative usefulness of the combination of multi-temporal and multi-technique conventional and remote sensing data for the assessment of spatial and temporal evolution of landslides at basin scale. Moreover, the collected data allowed to plan countermeasures and mitigation actions on the Agnone area according to the distribution and intensity of the detected landslide hazard. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
25. Anterior chest ecchymosis from complicated descending thoracic aortic aneurysm
- Author
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Hashimi, Samad, Bashir, Mohammad, Suzuki, Yoshikazu, and Calcaterra, Domenico
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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